BAMUHONGERWA v. EUROCORP LTD N’UNDI

# BAMUHONGERWA v. EUROCORP LTD N’UNDI

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2025-03-28 - Case/document no.: RCOMAA 00069/2024/CA - Collection: Court of Appeal

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BAMUHONGERWA v. EUROCORP LTD N’UNDI [Rwanda URUKIKO RW’UBUJURIRE – RCOMAA 00069/2024/CA (Nyirandabaruta, P.J.) 28 Werurwe 2025] Amategeko agenga imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano – Ibirego byihutirwa – Ibirego byihutirwa bidashamikiye ku birego by’iremezo – Ubujurire bwa kabiri – Ibirego biburanishwa mu buryo bw’ibirego byihutirwa, ubwabyo si ibirego byihutirwa (référé) kubera ko biba bidashamikiye ku kindi kirego cy’iremezo (principal), bityo bikaba bitari mu bibujijwe kujuririrwa bwa kabiri. Amategeko agenga imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano – Ibirego byihutirwa – Ubujurire – Ibihe by’ubujurire ku birego byihutirwa bibarwa hashingiwe ku biteganywa n’ingingo ya 188 y’Itegeko N° 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/4/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi. Ibikubiye muri iyi ngingo bigaragaza ko aribwo buryo bwihariye bwo kubara ibyo bihe, kandi ikaba ari n’irengayobora ku ihame rusange riteganyijwe mu ngingo ya 275 nayo y’iryo tegeko. Incamake y’ikibazo: Bamuhongerwa Dahlia yagiranye amasezerano na sosiyete EUROCORP Ltd yo gukodesha inyubako ye y’ubucuruzi ku giciro cy’ubukode bwa buri kwezi kingana n’ibihumbi umunani by’Amadolari y’Amerika (8,000$), mu gihe cy’imyaka itatu (3), ariko EUROCORP Ltd ntiyubahiriza amasezerano ngo yishyure ubukode, bituma Bamuhongerwa arega iyi sosiyete mu Rukiko rw’Ubucuruzi arusaba kwemeza umwenda imubereyemo no gutegeka ko ifatira ryakorewe kuri konti ya EUROCORP Ltd iri muri ACCESS Bank Rwanda Plc rihinduka ifatirabwishyu; ndetse akishyurwa amafaranga y'ikurikiranarubanza n'igihembo cya Avoka. Umugabo wa Bamuhongerwa witwa LUTTA FRED KALEKYEZI yagobotse muri urwo rubanza ndetse atanga ikirego asaba ko umwenda wemezwa n’urukiko, ifatira rigahinduka ifatirabwishyu. Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi rwahurije hamwe ibirego byombi, mu guca urubanza rwemeza ko ibirego bitujuje ibiteganywa n’ingingo ya 232 CPCCSA, ko byagombye kuba byaratanzwe mu buryo bw’ibirego bisanzwe bikanakorerwa inama ntegurarubanza kuko ibirego byose bijyanye n’ubucuruzi bidatangwa muri ubu buryo ibi birego byatanzwemo ngo biburanishwe nk’ibirego byihutirwa mu gihe nta kigaragaza ko uwo mwenda utagibwaho impaka. Bamuhongerwa atishimiye icyo cyemezo yajuririye mu Rukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi asaba gusuzuma niba ingingo umucamanza wa mbere yagendeyeho yanga kwakira ikirego cya Bamuhongerwa Dahlia zifite ishingiro. Urwo Rukiko rwemeza ko ubujurire budafite ishingiro, ko imikirize y’urubanza rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi idahindutse. Bamuhongerwa yajuririye mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire avuga ko umwenda EUROCORP Ltd imubereyemo ari umwenda uzwi neza kandi ugeze igihe cyo kwishyura utagibwaho impaka izo arizo zose zishingiye kuriwo ubwawo cyangwa kungano yawo, kandi wumvikanweho n’impande zombi, avuga kandi ko Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rwaciye urubanza ku cyitari cyajuririwe cyerekeranye no kumenya niba Bamuhongerwa Dahlia yari yemerewe gutanga ikirego gisanzwe gifite RCOM 00952/2024/TC no gutanga ikindi kirego akoresheje inzira idasanzwe iteganywa

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n’ingingo ya 232 y’Itegeko No 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi,iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, akavuga ko binyuranye n’ibiteganywa n’ingingo ya 156 CPCCSA bityo umucamanza yaburanishije ubujurire arenze imbibi zabwo ndetse ko yafashe ibintu uko bitari. Ku rundi ruhande EUROCORP Ltd mu kwiregura yatanze inzitizi yo kutakira ubujurire bwa kabiri bwa Muhongerwa ishingiye ku ngingo ya ku ngingo ya 21, 6o, y'Itegeko No 22/ 2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/ 2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, ivuga ko Umwanditsi w’Urukiko adashobora kwandika ikirego mu gihe urega, atanze ubujurire bwa kabiri ku birego byihutirwa n’ibirego bitanzwe n’umuburanyi umwe, ndetse ikavuga ko yatinze no kujurira yajuriye ku wa 26/9/2024 saa cyenda z'ijoro, urubanza ajuririra rwarasomwe ku wa 23/09/2024, hakaba hari hashize iminsi ine (4) ruciwe. Bamuhongerwa yireguye kuri izi nzitizi avuga ko ikirego cye nubwo ari ikirego cyihutirwa ariko kidashamikiye ku kirego cy’iremezo, bityo bene ibi birego bikaba bijuririrwa bwa kabiri nkuko byatanzweho umurongo, ku bijyanye nuko yarengeje igihe cyo kujurira avuga ko atarengeje igihe kuko iburanisha ryabaye adahari, akaba yarajuriye ahereye igihe amenyeye icyemezo. Incamake y’icyemezo: 1. Ibirego biburanishwa mu buryo bw’ibirego byihutirwa, ubwabyo si ibirego byihutirwa (référé) kubera ko biba bidashamikiye ku kindi kirego cy’iremezo (principal), bityo bikaba bitari mu bibujijwe kujuririrwa bwa kabiri hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 21,6o, y’Itegeko N° 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/4/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi nk’uko ryahinduwe kugeza ubu. 2. Ibihe by’ubujurire ku birego byihutirwa bibarwa hashingiwe ku biteganywa n’ingingo ya 188 y’Itegeko N° 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/4/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi. Ibikubiye muri iyi ngingo bigaragaza ko aribwo buryo bwihariye bwo kubara ibyo bihe, kandi ikaba ari n’irengayobora ku ihame rusange riteganyijwe mu ngingo ya 275 nayo y’iryo tegeko. Ubujurire ntibwakiriwe kubera gutinda kujurira. Amagarama ahwanye n’ibyakozwe mu rubanza. Amategeko yashingiweho: Itegeko N° 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/4/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, Ingingo ya 188 n’iya 275. Imanza zifashishijwe: RCOMAA 00063/2019/CA; TRAFIGURA PTE Ltd, BANK OF KIGALI Plc vs EXCEL Energy Ltd rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 30/09/2019. RCOMAA 00030/2020/CA; NTAGANDA Joseph vs BANK OF KIGALI PLC rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 31 Kanama 2020. RCOMAA 00031/2020/CA; SOTRAPROMETAL LTD vs BANQUE POPULAIRE DU RWANDA LTD rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 25 Kanama 2020. RCOMAA 00043/2024/CA; UWANTEGELouise vs NIYONSHUTI Iddi Ibrahim rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire kuwa 19/11/2024.

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Urubanza I. IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA [1] Ku wa 01/01/2023, Bamuhongerwa Dahlia yagiranye amasezerano na sosiyete EUROCORP Ltd yo gukodesha inyubako ye y’ubucuruzi iri mu kibanza gifite UPI: 1/01/08/03/734, giherereye mu Mudugudu wa Gasasa, Akagari ka Rugando, Umurenge wa Kimihurura, Akarere ka Gasabo, mu Mujyi wa Kigali, ku giciro cy’ubukode bwa buri kwezi kingana n’ibihumbi umunani by’Amadolari y’Amerika (8,000$), mu gihe cy’imyaka itatu (3), ariko EUROCORP Ltd ntiyubahiriza amasezerano ngo yishyure ubukode, ku wa 18/07/2024 Bamuhongerwa Dahlia atanga ikirego mu Rukiko rw’Ubucuruzi arusaba kwemeza umwenda EUROCORP Ltd ibereyemo Bamuhongerwa Dahlia no gutegeka ko ifatira ryakorewe kuri konti ya EUROCORP Ltd iri muri ACCESS Bank Rwanda Plc rihinduka ifatirabwishyu; ndetse akishyurwa amafaranga y'ikurikiranarubanza n'igihembo cya Avoka. [2] LUTTA FRED KALEKYEZI yagobotse muri urwo rubanza avuga ko umutungo uburanwa awusangiye na Bamuhongerwa Dahlia kuko ari umugore we, ku wa 18/8/2024 LUTTA FRED KALEKYEZI nawe yatanze ikirego asaba Urukiko ko rwafatira amafaranga yafatiriwe na Bamuhongerwa Dahlia anasaba ko umwenda wemezwa n’urukiko, ifatira rigahinduka ifatirabwishyu, maze Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi rwemeza ko ibyo birego bihurizwa hamwe. [3] Uburanira EUROCORP LTD yireguye avuga ko ibirego bitari gutangwa hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 232 igika cya mbere (40) y’Itegeko nº22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi kuko uwo mwenda itawemera. [4] Mu rubanza RCOM 01071/2024/TC CMB RCOM 01178/2024/TC rwaciwe n’urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi ku wa 29/08/2024, urukiko rwasuzumye niba ibirego byari gutangwa hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 232 CPCCSA ku buryo hakwemezwa umwenda wishyuzwa n’inyungu zawo, Urukiko rushingiye ku kuba umwenda wishyuzwa na Bamuhongerwa Dahlia ndetse na LUTTA FRED KALEKYEZI ukigibwaho impaka, rusanga ibirego bitujuje ibiteganywa n’ingingo ya 232 yavuzwe haruguru, ko byagombye kuba byaratanzwe mu buryo bw’ibirego bisanzwe bikanakorerwa inama ntegurarubanza kuko ibirego byose bijyanye n’ubucuruzi bidatangwa muri ubu buryo ibi birego byatanzwemo ngo biburanishwe nk’ibirego byihutirwa mu gihe nta kigaragaza ko uwo mwenda utagibwaho impaka. Urwo rukiko rwemeje ko ikirego RCOM 01071/2024/TC cyatanzwe na Bamuhongerwa Dahlia haregwa EUROCORP Ltd na CMB RCOM 01178/2024/TC cyatanzwe na LUTTA FRED KALEKYEZI haregwa Bamuhongerwa Dahlia na EUROCORP Ltd hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 232 y’itegeko n° 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi bitakiriwe. [5] Bamuhongerwa Dahlia ntiyishimiye imikirize y’urwo rubanza maze ajuririra mu Rukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi avuga ko asaba gusuzuma niba ingingo umucamanza wa mbere yagendeyeho yanga kwakira ikirego cya Bamuhongerwa Dahlia zifite ishingiro.

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[6] EUROCORP Ltd yiregura ivuga ko impamvu y’ubujurire bwa Bamuhongerwa Dahlia nta shingiro yahabwa kuberako Umucamanza uko yabibonye agafata n’icyemezo ni byo bihuye neza n’ingingo ya 232 yavuzwe kuko umwenda ntawabayeho ndetse n’ubukode ntabwabayeho. [7] Mu rubanza RCOMA 00559/2024/HCC rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi ku wa 23/09/2024, urwo Rukiko rwasuzumye niba ifatira ryakozwe hashingiwe ku mwenda w’ubucuruzi kugira ngo ryemezwe nk’ifatira bwishyu, uwo mwenda ugomba kuba wemewe n’uregwa cyangwa udashidikanywaho, runasuzuma niba umuburanyi watanze ikirego mu buryo busanzwe, yemerewe kongera gutanga icyo kirego yifashishije inzira idasanzwe iteganywa n’ingingo ya 232 y’itegeko No 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, rusanga rwemeranya n’icyemezo cyafashwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi cyo kutakira ikirego, kuko mbere yo gufatira, Umuhesha w’inkiko ategetswe kubanza kugenzura agaciro k’inyandiko umwenda ushingiyeho no guhamya ko utarishyurwa kandi ko bigaragara ko umwenda ukigibwaho impaka, bisobanuye ko utaragera igihe cyo kwishyurwa1. Urwo Rukiko rwemeza ko ubujurire bwa Bamuhongerwa Dahlia nta shingiro bufite ko nta gihindutse ku mikirize y’urubanza RCOM 01071/2024/TC na CMB RCOM 01178/2024/TC. [8] Bamuhongerwa Dahlia yajuririye urwo rubanza mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire, ubujurire bwe bwandikwa kuri RCOMAA 00069/2024/CA.Iburanisha ry’urubanza ryashyizwe ku wa 19/03/2025, uwo munsi ruburanishwa ababuranyi bose bitabye Bamuhongerwa Dahlia ahagarariwe na Me WERABE Safi Chantal, EUROCORP Ltd ihagarariwe na Me Zitoni Pierre Claver, LUTTA FRED KALEKYEZI ahagarariwe na Me Turahirwa Théogène [9] Mu myanzuro y’ubujurire bwe, Bamuhongerwa Dahlia avuga ko Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rwirengagije ibisobanuro yaruhaye, aho yarugaragarije ko umwenda EUROCORP Ltd imubereyemo ari umwenda uzwi neza kandi ugeze igihe cyo kwishyura utagibwaho impaka izo arizo zose zishingiye kuriwo ubwawo cyangwa kungano yawo, kandi wumvikanweho n’impande zombi. [10] Akomeza avuga ko mu gika cya 17 na 31 by’urubanza rujuririrwa, umucamanza yarengereye ububasha bwe ajya guca urubanza ku kibazo kitajuririwe cyerekeranye no kumenya niba Bamuhongerwa Dahlia yari yemerewe gutanga ikirego gisanzwe gifite RCOM 00952/2024/TC no gutanga ikindi kirego akoresheje inzira idasanzwe iteganywa n’ingingo ya 232 y’Itegeko no 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi,iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi yavuzwe haruguru, ibi bikaba binyuranyijwe n’ingingo ya 156 y’iryo Tegeko, ivuga ko mu bujurire umucamanza aburanisha gusa ubujurire mu mbibi z’icyajuririwe, ndetse ko umucamanza yafashe ibintu uko bitari. Asoza asaba kwishyurwa amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka. [11] Abahagarariye EUROCORP Ltd na LUTTA FRED KALEKYEZI batanga inzitizi yo kutakira ubujurire bwa kabiri bwa Muhongerwa Dahlia bashingiye ku ngingo ya 21 (6o) no 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryavuzwe haruguru, ivuga ko Umwanditsi w’Urukiko adashobora kwandika ikirego mu gihe urega, atanze ubujurire bwa kabiri ku birego byihutirwa n’ibirego bitanzwe

1 No RCOMA 00559/2024/HCC rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi ku wa 23/09/2024,

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n’umuburanyi umwe. Banavuga ko ubujurire bwa Muhongerwa Dahlia budakwiye kwakirwa kuko inkiko zombi zashingiye ibyemezo ku mpamvu zisa, ndetse ko yatinze kujurira. Uhagarariye LUTTA FRED KALEKYEZI asoza asaba Urukiko gutegeka Muhongerwa Dahlia kumwishyura amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka mu gihe ubujurire bwe butakiriwe. [12] Hakurikijwe iyo miburanire, ibibazo bisuzumwa n’ibikurikira : 1. Kumenya niba Muhongerwa Dahlia yaratsinzwe inkiko zabanje hashingiwe ku mpamvu zimwe ubujurire bwe bukaba butari mu bubasha bw’uru Rukiko. 2. Kumenya niba ubujurire bwa Muhongerwa Dahlia ari ubujurire bwa kabiri ku kirego cyihutirwa (référé) budashobora kwakirwa mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire ; 3. Kumenya niba Muhongerwa Dahlia yaratinze gutanga ubujurire bwa kabiri. 4. Kumenya niba LUTTA FRED KALEKYEZI akwiye kwishyurwa amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka.

II. ISESENGURA RY’IBIBAZO BIGIZE URUBANZA 1. Kumenya niba Muhongerwa Dahlia yaratsinzwe mu nkiko zabanje hashingiwe ku mpamvu zimwe [13] Abahagarariye EUROCORP Ltd na LUTTA FRED KALEKYEZI bavuga ko Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi ndetse n’Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi zemeje ko ikirego cya Bamuhongerwa Dahlia kitagombaga kwakirwa kuko kitujuje ibisabwa n'ingingo ya 232 y'Itegeko No 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi. Bakomeza bavuga inkiko zombi zasanze umwenda uregerwa utazwi, ushidikanywaho kandi ukaba utaratangiwe n'ikimenyetso na kimwe mu biteganywa n'ingingo imaze kuvugwa, kugira ngo habeho ikirego cy'ifatira ry'umwenda w'ubucuruzi. Bashingiye ku ngingo ya 52, igika cya 3, y’Itegeko Nº 30/2018 ryo ku wa 02/06/2018 rigena ububasha bw’inkiko2, Basaba ko ubujurire bwa kabiri bwa Bamuhongerwa Dahlia butakirwa. [14] Uhagarariye Bamuhongerwa Dahlia avuga ko nk’uko bigaragara mu rubanza RCOM 01071/2024/TC – CMB RCOM 01178/2024/TC, mu bika bya 10, 11 na 12, Urukiko rwemeje ko uwatanze ikirego ashingiye ku ngingo ya 232 y’Itegeko no 22/2028 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryavuzwe haruguru, agomba kugaragaza ko inyandiko zikoreshwa mu bucuruzi zitagibwaho impaka, no kuba umwenda wishyuzwa ugomba kuba utagibwaho impaka, ko kuba umwenda wishyuzwa na Bamuhongerwa Dahlia hamwe na KALEKYEZI LUTTA Fred ukigibwaho impaka, ibirego byabo bitujuje ibiteganywa n’ingingo ya 232, rero bitagomba kwakirwa. [15] Avuga ko mu Rukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi, mu bika bya 26 na 31 by’urubanza RCOMA 00559/2024/HCC, Urukiko rugendeye ku murongo ruvuga ko rwafashe, rwasanze kuba umwenda wishyuzwa na Bamuhongerwa Dahlia ndetse na LUTTA FRED KALEKYEZI ukigibwaho impaka, ibi birego bitubahirije ibiteganywa n’ingingo ya 232 yavuzwe haruguru, ko byagombye

2 iteganya ibikurikira: (…) “Icyakora kandi ubujurire bwa kabiri ntibushobora kwakirwa ku manza z’ababuranye bemera ibyo baregwa, cyangwa ku muburanyi watsinzwe mu nkiko zombi hashingiwe ku mpamvu zimwe”.

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kuba byaratanzwe mu buryo bw’ibirego bisanzwe. Avuga ko kandi rwasanze inyandiko zikoreshwa mu bucuruzi zashingiweho n’Umuhesha ubwo yafatiraga, zigomba kuba zitagibwaho impaka, ko n’iyo ikirego cya Bamuhongerwa cyari kuba cyujuje ibisabwa byose byasobanuwe, kitagombaga kwakirwa ngo ku mpamvu z’uko kuba yaratanze imanza ebyiri zisobekeranye (demandes connexes), mu rwego rwo kwirinda ko habaho imanza zivuguruzanya hagomba gusuzumwa iki kibazo kigafatirwa umwanzuro nubwo ataricyo cyajuririwe. [16] Avuga ko ibimaze kuvugwa, bigaragaza ko impamvu zashingiweho n’Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi hamwe n’Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi mu guca urubanza atari zimwe, ndetse ko byatanzweho umurongo mu rubanza RCAA 00004/2023/CA rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 24/05/2024 rwaburanagamo “CONGREGATION DES SOEURS DES AMIES

DES PAUVRES na ASSOCIATION UMWANA NK’ABANDI”, aho Urukiko rwavuze ko “Mu gusuzuma niba umuburanyi yaratsinzwe mu nkiko zombi zabanje hashingiwe ku mpamvu zimwe, harebwa icyaburanwaga n’imitekerereze ya buri Rukiko (raisonnement juridique) mu kugaragaza impamvu zashingiweho kugira ngo rugere ku cyemezo rwafashe, hitawe ku kureba niba ingingo zaburanweho mbere ari zo zagarutsweho mu bujurire kandi ko inkiko zombi zazisubijeho mu buryo bumwe. Bityo, iyo hari ingingo yaburanishijwe ku rwego rw’ubujurire bwa mbere itaraburanishijwe ku rwego rwa mbere, ntibyafatwa ko umuburanyi yatsinzwe mu Nkiko zabanje hashingiwe ku mpamvu zimwe.” UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [17] Impaka kuri iyi nzitizi zishingiye ku kumenya niba impamvu zatumye Bamuhongerwa Dahlia atsindwa mu rubanza rujuririrwa, arizo zashingiweho itsindwa ku rwego rwa mbere mu Rukiko rw’Ubucuruzi. [18] Ikibazo cyo kumenya niba umuburanyi yaratsinzwe hashingiwe ku mpamvu zimwe mu nkiko zibanza, cyatanzweho umurongo mu rubanza RC/INJUST/RCOM 00002/2020/SC rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 25/09/2020 haburana Road Solution Pavements Product na Mailco Ltd (igika cya 24), aho rwemeje ko “ko mu gusuzuma niba umuburanyi yaratsinzwe mu nkiko zombi zabanje ku mpamvu zimwe, harebwa icyaburanwaga n’imitekerereze ya buri rukiko (raisonnement juridique) mu kugaragaza impamvu zashingiweho, kugira ngo rugere ku cyemezo rwafashe, hitawe ku kureba niba ingingo zaburanywe mbere arizo zagarutsweho mu bujurire kandi ko inkiko zombi zazishubijeho mu buryo bumwe.” Uyu murongo wanashingiweho n’izindi manza nyinshi zirimo n’urubanza RCAA 00004/2023/CA rwavuzwe rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire kuwa 24/05/2024 (igika cya 22) haburana Congregation Des Soeurs Des Amies Des Pauvres na Association Umwana Nk’abandi,3 aho uru Rukiko rwanemeje ko ingingo y’imiburanire yasuzumwe ku rwego rw’ubujurire kandi itaburanishijwe ku rwego rwa mbere, ari impamvu yo kwemeza ko umuranyi atatsinzwe hashingiwe ku mpamvu zimwe mu nkiko zombi4. [19] Urubanza rujuririrwa RCOMA 00559/2024/HCC rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi ku wa 23/09/2024, rwasuzumye “niba ingingo umucamanza wa mbere yagendeyeho yanga kwakira ikirego cya Bamuhongerwa Dahlia zifite ishingiro” mu gika cya

3 Urubanza No RCAA 00004/2023/CA rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire kuwa 24/05/2024 (igika cya 22) haburana Congregation Des Soeurs Des Amies Des Pauvres na Association Umwana Nk’abandi. 4 Idem, igika cya 25

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27 cy’urwo rubanza, rwemeranya n’Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi ku kuba ikirego kitaragombaga kwakirwa, kuko rwagendeye ku murongo wafashwe n’Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi kuri bene ibi bibazo, aho rwatanze umurongo uvuga ko “mbere yo gufatira, Umuhesha w’inkiko ategetswe kubanza kugenzura agaciro k’inyandiko umwenda ushingiyeho no guhamya ko utarishyurwa.”, kubera ko iyo urebye icyo ingingo 232 y'Itegeko no 22/ 2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/ 2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y'imanza z'imbonezamubano, iz'ubucuruzi, iz'umurimo n'iz'ubutegetsi nk’uko ryahinduwe kugeza ubu4, igamije ari ukugira ngo umuntu uberewemo umwenda udashidikanywaho yishyurwe mu buryo bwihuse; ariyo mpamvu iteganya ko uwo mwenda uba ushingiye ku nyandiko zishobora gucuruzwa zavuzwe haruguru zisanzwe zikoreshwa mu kugaragaza umwenda no kwishyura5. Rwasanze izindi nyandiko zemeza umwenda ushingiye ku gikorwa cy’ubucuruzi zitari inyandiko zishobora gucuruzwa, zigomba kuba umwenda zigaragaza uba wizewe, cyangwa utagibwaho impaka6. [20] Rwasanze kubirebana n’uru rubanza, bigaragara ko umwenda ukigibwaho impaka, ibyo binasobanuye ko utaragera igihe cyo kwishyurwa, ibyo bikaba bishimangirwa kandi no kuba usibye iki kirego cyatanzwe gishingiye ku ngingo ya 232 y’Itegeko ryavuzwe haruguru, Bamuhongerwa Dahlia yatanze ikindi kirego cy’iremezo mu rundi rubanza RCOM 00952/2024/TC, aregera uyu mwenda muri urwo rubanza rutegereje kuburanishwa mu Rukiko rw’Ubucuruzi,7ko kuba yaratanze imanza ebyiri zisobekeranye (demandes connexes), ikirego cye kitagomba kwakirwa mu rwego rwo kwirinda ko habaho imanza zivuguruzanya ku mwenda aregera n’ubwo ibijyanye no gusobokerana kw’izo manza atari cyo cyajuririwe8. [21] Ku bijyanye n’urubanza RCOMAA00063/2019/CA rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 30/09/2019 rwa TRAFIGURA Ltd, BK Plc na Excel Energy Ltd, uburanira Bamuhongerwa Dahlia yifashishaga mu miburanire ye, Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rwasanze urwo rubanza rudasobanura niba iyo ifatira rikozwe rishingiye ku bimenyetso bivugwa mu ngingo 232 y’Itegeko no 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018, Urukiko rwaregewe rutegetswe kwemeza umwenda nta bundi busesenguzi rukoze, bityo ko ibyo rwavuze bitafatwa nk’umurongo watanzwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire kuko rwagarutse kubiteganywa n’itegeko gusa nta bundi busesenguzi cyangwa ubusobanuro rwatanze cyane cyane kubirebana n’izo nyandiko9. [22] Ku byerekeranye n’urubanza ku rwego rwa mbere, Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi mu gika cya 8, cy’urubanza RCOM 01071/2024/TC CMB RCOM 01178/2024/TC rwaciwe ku wa 29/08/2024 rwasuzumye impaka zishingiye ku kumenya “Niba ibyo birego byahujwe byari gutangwa hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 232 imaze kuvugwa ku buryo hakwemezwa umwenda wishyuzwa

4 Ingingo ya 232 y’Itegeko, igika cya 1, iteganya ko “Umuntu wese ufite: 1° ufite urwandiko rw’ubucuruzi rutegeka urimo umwenda kwishyura; 2° ufite urwandiko rw’amasezerano y’ubwishyu; 3° ufite sheki itazigamiwe; 4° uberewemo umwenda ushingiye ku gikorwa cy’ubucuruzi; ashobora gusaba umuhesha w’inkiko gufatira ibintu by’umubereyemo umwenda amaze kugenzura agaciro k’inyandiko zavuzwe haruguru no guhamya ko umwenda utishyuriwe.” 5 Urubanza No RCOMA 00559/2024/HCC rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi ku wa 23/09/2024, igika cya 27 6 Ibid. 7 Idem, igika cya 29. 8 Idem, igika cya 31. 9 Idem, igika cya 30.

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n'inyungu zawo.” Rwemeza ko urimo umwenda agomba kuba awemera cyangwa ukagaragazwa n'inyandikomvaho nk'uko byemejwe mu rubanza RCOMA 00781/2021/HCC rwaciwe n'Urukiko Rukuru rw'Ubucuruzi ku wa 29/12/ 2021, aho urwo rukiko rwasanze imyenda ishingiye ku bindi bimenyetso igomba kuregerwa mu buryo busanzwe, ko mu gihe iregewe hashingiwe kuri iyo ngingo ya 232 yavuzwe haruguru, ikirego kitagomba kwakirwa. [23] Rwasanze n'ubwo mu itangwa ry'ibirego RCOM 01071/2024/ TC CMB RCOM 01178/2024/TC uburanira Bamuhongerwa Dahlia n'uburanira LUTTA FRED KALEKYEZI bavuga ko bishingiye ku ngingo ya 232 y'itegeko no 22/ 2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y'imanza z'imbonezamubano, iz'ubucuruzi, iz'umurimo n'iz'ubutegetsi, batagaragaza ko uwo mwenda ufitiwe inyandiko ziteganywa n'iyo ngingo zitagibwaho impaka ndetse akaba ariwo murongo wamaze gufatwa nk'uko biri mu rubanza RCOM 01434/2021/ TC rwaciwe n'Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi kuwa 30/11/2021, ndetse urimo umwenda akaba agomba kuba awemera cyangwa ukagaragazwa n'inyandikomvaho nk'uko byemejwe mu rubanza RCOMA 00781/2021/HCC rwaciwe n'Urukiko Rukuru rw'Ubucuruzi ku wa 29/12/2021, aho urwo rukiko rwanasanze imyenda ishingiye ku bindi bimenyetso igomba kuregerwa mu buryo busanzwe, ko mu gihe iregewe hashingiwe kuri iyo ngingo ya 232, ikirego kitagomba kwakirwa10. [24] Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi rwasanze umwenda wishyuzwa na Bamuhongerwa Dahlia ndetse LUTTA FRED KALEKYEZI ukigibwaho impaka, ukaba utujuje ibiteganywa n'ingingo ya 232 no 22/ 2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y'imanza z'imbonezamubano, iz'ubucuruzi, iz'umurimo n'iz'ubutegetsi, bityo ko wakagombye kuba wararegewe nk’ibirego bikorerwa inama ntegurarubanza kuko ibirego byose bijyanye n'ubucuruzi bidatangwa nk'ibirego byihutirwa mu gihe nta kigaragaza ko uwo mwenda utagibwaho impaka, bityo rwemeza ko ikirego cyabo kitakiriwe.12 [25] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rushingiwe ku murongo watanzwe mu rubanza RC/INJUST/RCOM 00002/2020/SC rwavuzwe haruguru rwa Road Solution Pavements Product na Mailco Ltd, ko mu gusuzuma niba umuburanyi yaratsinzwe mu nkiko zombi zabanje ku mpamvu zimwe, harebwa icyaburanwaga n’imitekerereze ya buri rukiko (raisonnement juridique) mu kugaragaza impamvu zashingiweho, hitawe ku kureba niba ingingo zaburanywe mbere arizo zagarutsweho mu bujurire kandi ko inkiko zombi zazishubijeho mu buryo bumwe; rurasanga nubwo Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rwemeranyije n’Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi ku bijyanye no kuba umwenda Bamuhongerwa Dahlia aregera atari uteganywa n’ingingo 232 y'Itegeko no 22/ 2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/ 2018 ryavuzwe haruguru kuko ugibwaho impaka ukaba ushidikanywaho, imitekerereze ya buri rukiko (raisonnement juridique) mu kuim amvu zashingiweho ikirego cye kitakirwa si imwe. [26] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rutaremeranyije n’Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi ku murongo rwagendeyeho wo mu rubanza RCOMA 00781/2021/HCC rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi ku wa 29/12/ 2021 kuko udakwiye kuba ari wo

10 Urubanza No RCOM 01071/2024/ TC CMB RCOM 01178/2024/TC ku wa ku wa 29/08/2024 haburana BAMUHONGERWA Dahlia n'uburanira LUTTA FRED KALEKYEZI na EUROCORP Ltd, igika cya 11. 12 Idem, igika cya 12.

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ugenderwaho mu gihe hari izindi manza zaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire,11 runasanga umurongo uburanira Bamuhongerwa Dahlia yifashishaga wo mu rubanza RCOMAA00063/2019/CA rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 30/09/2019 rwa TRAFIGURA Ltd, BK Plc na Excel Energy Ltd, udakwiye gushingirwaho kuko urwo rubanza rudasobanura niba Urukiko rwaregewe rutegetswe kwemeza umwenda nta bundi busesenguzi rukoze, iyo ifatira rikozwe rishingiye ku bimenyetso bivugwa muri iyo ngingo 232 yavuzwe haruguru; ko urwo rubanza rwagarutse kubiteganywa n’itegeko ariko nta bundi busesenguzi cyangwa ubusobanuro rwatanzwe ku birebana n’inyandiko zivugwa muri iyo ngingo14. [27] Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi kandi rwemeje ko ikirego cya Bamuhongerwa Dhalia Dahlia kitagombaga kwakirwa rushingiye ko yatanze imanza ebyiri zisobekeranye (demandes connexes), ruvuga ko ikirego cye kitagomba kwakirwa mu rwego rwo kwirinda ko habaho imanza zivuguruzanya ku mwenda aregera, nubwo ibijyanye no gusobokerana kw’izo manza bitari mubyo rwari rwajuririwe. [28] Urukiko rurasanga ibivuzwe haruguru bigaragaza ko ku bijyanye n’umwenda uregerwa no kutakira ikirego cya Bamuhongerwa Dahlia, Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi n’Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi nubwo zemeje ko umwenda aregera ugibwaho impaka, ikirego cye kikaba kidakwiye kwakirwa, imitekerereze yazo (raisonnement juridique) ku mpamvu zashingiweho icyemezo cyo kutakira ikirego cye atari imwe, kuko Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi ku mpamvu y’uko hari ubusobekerane bw’imanza ku mwenda aregera, ibi bikaba nta cyemezo bitarasuzumwe mu Rukiko rw’Ubucuruzi. [29] Kubw’izo mpamvu, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga Bamuhongerwa Dahlia ataratsinzwe mu nkiko zombi zabanje hashingiwe ku mpamvu zimwe, bityo inzitizi y’iburabubasha bw’uru Rukiko itangwa n’abahagarariye EUROCORP Ltd na LUTTA FRED KALEKYEZI ikaba nta shingiro ifite. 2. Kumenya niba ubujurire bwa MUHONGERWA Dahlia ari ubujurire bwa kabiri ku kirego cyihutirwa (référé) [30] Abahagarariye EUROCORP Ltd na LUTTA FRED KALEKYEZI batanga inzitizi yo kutakira ubujurire bwa kabiri bwa Muhongerwa Dahlia, bashingiye ku ngingo ya 21, 6o, y'Itegeko no 22/ 2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/ 2018 ryavuzwe haruguru, ivuga ko Umwanditsi w’Urukiko adashobora kwandika ikirego mu gihe urega, atanze ubujurire bwa kabiri ku birego byihutirwa n’ibirego bitanzwe n’umuburanyi umwe. [31] Uhagaraririye Bamuhongerwa Dahlia avuga ko ikirego cyihutirwa gishingiye ku ngingo ya 232 y'ryo Tegeko Nº 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/201812, ko nubwo ari iki kirego cyihutirwa ariko

11 Idem, igika cya 28. 14 Idem, igika cya 30. 12 iteganya ko “umuntu wese uberewemo umwenda ushingiye ku gikorwa cy’ubucuruzi ashobora gusaba umuhesha w’inkiko gufatira ibintu by’umubereyemo umwenda amaze kugenzura agaciro k’inyandiko zavuzwe haruguru no guhamya ko umwenda utishyuriwe, ko mu gihe kitarenze amasaha mirongo ine n’umunani (48), uberewemo umwenda agomba kandi kuba yagejeje ikirego cy’iremezo mu rukiko rubifitiye ububasha kugira ngo hemezwe umwenda aberewemo, ko kandi bene urwo rubanza ruburanishwa mu buryo bw’ibirego byihutirwa.”

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cyigenga kidashamikiye ku kindi kirego cy’iremezo, kandi ko bene ibi birego Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rwabitanzeho umurongo mu rubanza RCOMAA 00012/2019/CA rwaciwe kua 09/12/2019, haburana Nzitonda na COGEBANQUE, rwemeza ko bishobora kujuririrwa bwa kabiri. Avuga ko muri urwo rubanza hari hatanzwe ikirego cyihutirwa cyasabaga gutesha agaciro cyamunara yari yakozwe ku mutungo wa Nzitonda, hatangwa inzitizi yo kutakira ubujurire kuko bwari ubwa kabiri ku kirego kihutirwa, kandi ikirego cyihutirwa kikaba kidashobora kujuririrwa kabiri, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ruca urubanza maze rutanga umurongo ko “Ikirego gisaba guhagarika cyangwa gutesha agaciro cyamunara gishobora kujuririrwa bwa kabiri iyo cyujuje ibisabwa kuko aba ari ikirego cyigenga kidashamikiye ku kindi kirego cy’iremezo ariko kikajuririrwa mu gihe kitarenze iminsi itatu”. [32] Asoza avuga ko nubwo urubanza RCOMAA 00069/2024/CA atari ikirego cyo guhagarika cyangwa gutesha agaciro cyamunara nacyo ari ikirego cyigenga kidashamikiye ku kindi kirego cy’iremezo, bityo ko nta cyabuza ko gishobora kujuririrwa bwa kabiri. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [33] Impaka zishingiye ku kumenya niba iki kirego cya Bamuhongerwa Dahlia ari ubujurire bwa kabiri ku kirego cyihutirwa ku buryo kitari gikwiye no kwandikwa, hashingiwe ku ngingo ya ngingo ya 21, 6o, y’Itegeko n° 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/4/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi nk’uko ryahinduwe kugeza ubu, ivuga ko Umwanditsi w’Urukiko adashobora kwandika ikirego mu gihe urega “atanze ubujurire bwa kabiri ku birego byihutirwa.” [34] Ibyerekeranye n’ikirego kibujijwe n’ingingo imaze kuvugwa kujuririrwa bwa kabiri, byatanzweho umurongo mu rubanza RCOMAA 00012/2019/CA rwaciwe Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 09 Ukuboza 2019, haburana Nzitonda Kiyengo na Cogebanque Ltd n’abandi. Muri urwo rubanza Nzitonda Kiyengo yaregeye gutesha agaciro cyamunara, hatangwa inzitizi yo kutakira ubujurire bwe kuko ari ubwa kabiri, ku kirego kihutirwa kandi ikirego cyihutirwa kikaba kidashobora kujuririrwa kabiri hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 21 yavuzwe haruguru. [35] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire mu gika cya 15 & 16 cy’urwo rubanza, rwatanze umurongo ko ikirego gisaba guhagarika cyangwa gutesha agaciro cyamunara muri kamere yacyo atari ikirego cyihutirwa, ahubwo kiregerwa kandi kikaburanishwa mu bihe byashyiriweho ibirego byihutirwa, ko nta kibuza ko cyajuririrwa bwa kabiri, ko ikirego kibujijwe n’ingingo ya 21, igika cya mbere, agace ka 6, y’Itegeko No 22/2018 ryavuzwe haruguru kujuririrwa bwa kabiri, ari ikirego cyihutirwa gishamikiye ku kindi kirego cy’iremezo13. [36] Uwo ni wo murongo ninawo uru Rukiko rwakomeje mu rubanza RCOMAA 00030/2020/CA rwaciye ku wa 31 Kanama 2020, rwa NTAGANDA Joseph na BANK OF KIGALI PLC, mu gika cya 17, aho rwasobanuye ko n’ubwo ibirego bisaba gutesha agaciro

13 Uru rubanza rwatangajwe mu Cyegeranyo cy’ibyemezo by’Inkiko, RLR V.4 , Ukwakira 2020, urupapuro rwa 45. 17 “Urukiko rw'Ubujurire rusanga amagambo. "bene ibyo birego biburanishwa mu buryo bw'ibirego byihutirwa", asobanura gusa ubwihutirwe ibyo birego bihabwa, bityo inzitizi yo kutakira ikirego ku mpamvu y'uko iki kirego kitajuririrwa inshuro ebyiri, yatanzwe n'uhagarariye BANK OF KIGALI Plc, ikaba nta shingiro ifite.”

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cyamunara bitangwa bikanaburanishwa nk’ibirego byihutirwa, Umushingamategeko atabyambuye kamere yabyo y’ibirego ubwabyo byihagije, ni ukuvuga ibirego remezo (action principale) kuko nta bindi bishamikiyeho, ahubwo yashatse ko bifata isura y’ibirego byihutirwa ku birebana n’ibihe byo kurega no kuburanishwa gusa, hagamijwe cyane cyane ko izo manza zidatinda mu nkiko harebwe agaciro (importance) kazo ku baburanyi. [37] Imanza umushingamategeko yateganyije ko ziburanishwa mu buryo bw’ibirego byihutirwa si izijyanye na cyamunara gusa, ahubwo zirimo no kwemeza umwenda nyuma y’ifatira nk’uko biteganywa n’ingingo ya 232, igika cya 4, y'Itegeko Nº 22/2018 ryavuzwe haruguru, aho ivuga ko “Bene urwo rubanza ruburanishwa mu buryo bw’ibirego byihutirwa”. Bisobanuye ko bene ibyo birego bihabwa ubwihutirwe mu buryo bumwe n’ubw’ibirego byihutirwa nk’uko na none uru Rukiko rwabisobanuye mu rubanza rubanziriza urundi RCOMAA 00063/2019/CA rwaciwe ku wa 30/09/2019, haburana TRAFIGURA PTE Ltd, BANK OF KIGALI Plc na EXCEL Energy Ltd (igika cya 16)17. [38] Imanza zimaze kuvugwa zirebewe hamwe, bigagara ko Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rwatanze umurongo ko ibirego biburanishwa mu buryo bw’ibirego byihutirwa, ubwabyo atari ibirego byihutirwa (référé) kubera ko biba bidashamikiye ku kindi kirego cy’iremezo (principal), bityo bikaba bitari mu bibujijwe kujuririrwa bwa kabiri hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 21,6o, y’Itegeko n° 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/4/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi nk’uko ryahinduwe kugeza ubu, iteganya ko umwanditsi w’Urukiko adashobora kwandika ikirego mu gihe urega “atanze ubujurire bwa kabiri ku birego byihutirwa.”; Impaka ku byerekeranye n’iyi ngingo n’ibirego biburanishwa nk’ibyihutirwa, zikaba zidakwiye gukomeza kugibwa kuko zamaze guhabwa umurongo n’uru Rukiko. [39] Kubyerekeranye n’uru rubanza, dosiye igaragaza ko Bamuhongerwa Dahlia yatanze ikirego RCOM 01071/2024/TC mu Rukiko rw’Ubucuruzi, ashingiye ku ngingo ya 232 y'Itegeko Nº 22/2018 ryavuzwe haruguru, asaba Urukiko kwemeza umwenda EUROCORP Ltd ibereyemo Bamuhongerwa Dahlia no gutegeka ko ifatira ryakorewe kuri konti ya EUROCORP Ltd iri muri ACCESS Bank Rwanda Plc rihinduka ifatirabwishyu. [40] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rushingiye ku murongo rwatanze mu manza zavuzwe haruguru, rurasanga urubanza rwa Bamuhongerwa Dahlia atari ubujurire bwa kabiri ku kirego cyihutirwa kuko nta kirego cy’iremezo rushamikiyeho, bityo inzitizi yo kutakira ikirego cye ishingiye ku mpamvu y’uko ikirego cyihutirwa kitakirwa mu bujurire bwa kabiri ikaba nta shingiro ifite. 3. Kumenya niba Muhongerwa Dahlia yaratinze gutanga ubujurire bwa kabiri [41] Uhagarariye KALEKYEZI LUTTA Fred avuga ko ubujurire bwa Bamuhongerwa Dahlia muri uru Rukiko bwatanzwe ku wa 26/9/2024 saa cyenda z'ijoro, urubanza ajuririra RCOMA 00559/2024/HCC rwarasomwe ku wa 23/09/2024, bityo ko yajuriye hashize iminsi ine (4) ruciwe. [42] Ashingiye ku ngingo ya 188 y’Itegeko n° 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryavuzwe, avuga ko umunsi wa nyuma wo kujurira wari ku wa 25/9/2024, ku bw’ibyo ko agasaba urukiko kutakira uburire bwa Bamuhongerwa Dahlia kuko yakererewe kujurira.

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[43] Uhagarariye Bamuhongerwa Dahlia avuga ko igihe cyo kujurira kitarenze kuko urubanza ajurira rwaburanishijwe Bamuhongerwa Dahlia adahari, akaba yarajuriye aho amenyeye imikireze yarwo. Avuga ko ibihe byo kujurira byabarwa hakurikijwe ingingo ya 275 y’Itegko ryavuzwe haruguru, iteganya uko ibihe bibarwa mu minsi. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [44] Nk’uko byasobanuwe haruguru, urubanza rwo kwemeza umwenda si ikirego cyihutirwa, ahubwo ni ikirego kiburanishwa mu buryo bw’ibirego byihutirwa. Ubu buryo busobanuye ko biregerwa, bikaburanishwa ndetse bikajurirwa nk’uko bikorwa ku birego byihutirwa. [45] Ingingo ya 188, igika cya 2 y’Itegeko n° 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/4/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi nk’uko ryahinduwe kugeza ubu, iteganya ko “Igihe cyo kujuririra icyemezo ni iminsi itarenze itatu (3) y’akazi uhereye ku munsi icyemezo cyasomeweho cyangwa ababuranyi bakimenyeyeho. Urubanza narwo rucibwa mu gihe kitarenze iminsi itatu (3) y’akazi.” [46] Ingingo ya 275 y’Itegeko rimaze kuvugwa iteganya ko “Ku bihe bibarwa mu minsi cyangwa mu masaha, bibarwa umunsi ku munsi, n’isaha ku isaha hakurikijwe igihe bimara kandi umunsi igikorwa cyakoreweho ntubarwamo, ahubwo habarwa umunsi wa nyuma kigomba kurangiriraho.” [47] Mu gusobanura izo ngingo zombi, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire mu rubanza RCOMAA 00031/2020/CA rwaciwe ku wa 25 Kanama 2020, haburana SOTRAPROMETAL LTD na BANQUE POPULAIRE DU RWANDA LTD (igika cya 18), rwemeje ko ibiteganywa mu ngingo ya 275 imaze kuvugwa haruguru, bikurikizwa cyangwa byubahirizwa iyo nta bundi buryo Umushingamategeko yateganyije bwerekana uko ibihe bivugwa mu itegeko ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano bigomba kubarwa. Rwemeje kandi ko ibiteganywa mu ngingo ya 188 y’Itegeko ryavuzwe haruguru, ari irengayobora ku bivugwa mu ngingo ya 275 y’iryo Tegeko kuko iteganya ubundi buryo bwo kubara ibihe byo kujurira ku birebana n’ibirego byihutirwa, ariyo mpamvu by’umwihariko ibivugwa mu ngingo ya 188 bigomba gukurikizwa.14 Uyu murongo ukomeje gushyingirwaho n’izindi manza nk’izi zicibwa n’uru Rukiko15, bityo ukaba ariwo ugomba gukurikizwa muri uru rubanza. [48] Dosiye igaragaza ko urubanza RCOMA 00559/2024/HCC rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi ku wa 23/09/2024, runashyirwa muri system (IECMS) kandi Bamuhongerwa Dahlia yari ahujwe narwo, bisabonuye ko yarumenye ndetse Me Kayitare Jean Pierre wari umuhagarariye muri urwo rubanza, nawe yavuye mu iburanisha azi iyo tariki urubanza rwaciriweho.

14 Urubanza No RCOMAA 00031/2020/CA rwaciwe ku wa 25 Kanama 2020, haburana SOTRAPROMETAL LTD na BANQUE POPULAIRE DU RWANDA LTD, igika cya 19. 15 Urugero: Urubanza No RCOMAA 00043/2024/CA, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire kuwa 19/11/2024, haburana UWANTEGELouise na NIYONSHUTI Iddi Ibrahim, igika cya 22 na 23.

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[49] Hashingiwe ku murongo wavuzwe haruguru, uru Rukiko rurasanga igihe cyo kujuririra cyari iminsi itarenze itatu (3) y’akazi uhereye ku munsi wo ku wa 23/09/2024 icyemezo cyasomeweho kikanamenyeshwa ababuranyi kuri IECMS. Bisobanuye ko itariki ntarengwa yo kujurira yari ku wa 25/09/2024 kubera ko urubanza rwo kwemeza umwenda ruburanishwa mu buryo bumwe n’ibirego byihutirwa, bityo ubujurire bwabyo bukaba butarenza iminsi itatu (3) y’akazi uhereye ku munsi icyemezo cyasomeweho. [50] Rurasanga Bamuhongerwa Dahlia yarajuriye kuwa 26/09/2024, bityo akaba yarajuriye akererewe, kubw’ibyo ubujurire bwe bukaba butakiriwe. 4. Kumenya niba LUTTA FRED KALEKYEZI akwiye kwishyurwa amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka [51] Me Turahirwa Théogène uhagarariye LUTTA FRED KALEKYEZI asaba Urukiko gutegeka Bamuhongerwa Dahlia gusubiza uwoo ahagarariye amafaranga ibihumbi Magana atanu (500,000Frw) y’igihembo cya Avoka n’ibihumbi magana abiri (200,000Frw) y'ikurikiranarubanza. [52] Uhagarariye Bamuhongerwa Dahlia avuga ko ayo mafaranga ntayashyizwe mu mwanzuro wa LUTTA FRED KALEKYEZI, bityo ko ntayo akwiye guhabwa. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [53] Impaka ziri kuri iyi ngingo zishingiye ku gusuzuma niba amafaranga y'ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka LUTTA FRED KALEKYEZI asaba akwiye kuyahabwa mu gihe ntayo yasabye mu mwanzuro. [54] Ibyerekeranye n’ibitarasabwe mu mwanzuro w’umuburanyi, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rwabitanzeho umurongo mu rubanza RCOMAA 00020/2024/CA- RCOMAA 00021/2024/CA, rwaciwe kuwa 21/06/2024, haburana BANK OF KIGALI Plc na NSEKUYE Jacques, rusuzuma ingingo ya 10 n’iya 6 z’Itegeko ryavuzwe haruguru ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi rusobanura ko “icyo izi ngingo zombi zivuga ari uko ikiburanwa kireberwa mu myanzuro y’ababuranyi bose, ko kandi umucamanza aca urubanza ku byasabwe muri icyo kiburanwa gusa, ko adashobora guca urubanza ku kitasabwe mu myanzuro.” [55] Muri uru rubanza, dosiye igaragaza ko nta amafaranga y'ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka LUTTA FRED KALEKYEZI yigeze asaba mu mwanzuro we (parties submission). [56] Urukiko rushingiwe ku murongo umaze kuvugwa haruguru, rurasanga byerekeranye n’amafaranga ibihumbi Magana atanu (500,000Frw) y’igihembo cya Avoka n’ibihumbi magana abiri (200,000Frw) y'ikurikiranarubanza LUTTA FRED KALEKYEZI, bitdakwiriye kwakirwa kuko bitari mubyo yasabye Urukiko yagaragaje mu byanzuro ye. III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO

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[57] Rwemeje ko ubujurire bwa Bamuhongerwa Dahlia butakiriwe kuko yatinze kujurira. [58] Rwemeje ko imikirize y’urubanza RCOMA 00559/2024/HCC rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi ku wa 23/09/2024 igumyeho. [59] Ruvuze ko amagarama yatanzwe ahwanye n’ibyakozwe mu rubanza.