BOLLORE TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS RWANDA LTD v. PRIME INSURANCE LTD

BOLLORE TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS RWANDA LTD v. PRIME INSURANCE LTD

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2024-11-25 - Case/document no.: RCOMA 00280/2024/HCC - Collection: Commercial High Court

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BOLLORE TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS RWANDA LTD v.

PRIME INSURANCE LTD [Rwanda URUKIKO RUKURU RW’UBUCURUZI – RCOMA 00280/2024/HCC (Kadigwa, P.J., Bwasisi na Kibuka, J.) 25 Ugushyingo 2024] Amategeko agenga amasezerano – Amasezerano y’ubwishingizi – Uburenganzira bwo gusimbura uwishyuwe mu kwishyuza uwamuteye igihombo (droit de subrogation) – Iyo umwishingizi wishyuye indishyi hashingiwe ku masezerano y’ubwishingizi bw’indishyi, aba afite uburenganzira bwo gusimbura uwishyuwe mu kwishyuza uwamuteye igihombo. Ubwo burenganzira bw’umwishingizi ntibushobora kubaho iyo uwateye igihombo ari mu bantu bateganywa n’itegeko, usibye mu gihe abo bantu baba bateje igihombo ku bushake cyangwa ku buriganya. Incamake y’ikibazo: Nyuma y’uko Horizon Logistics Ltd yari yegukanye isoko ryo kuzana ibyo bikoresho bya gisirikari ibikura kuri Port Sudan ibigeza i Kigali; Horizon Logistics Ltd yahaye akazi BOLLORE TRANSPORT AND LOGISTIS LTD (transporter) kugira ngo izazane ibikoresho bya gisirikare birimo ibifaru (APC) byavaga muri Soudan (El-Fasher na Darfur) biza i Kigali biciye Dar-es-salaam. Mu gihe ubwato bwavaga Port Sudan bwerekeza ku cyambu cya Dar Es Salaam, hagaragaye ibimenyetso by’inkongi y’umuriro mu gice cyo hasi cy’ubwato ahari hapakiyemo ibikoresho birimo ibifaru (APC), ababishinzwe bazimya umuriro banafata ingamba zatuma ikibatsi cy’umuriro kitagera mu gice cyo hejuru cy’ubwato mu rwego rwo kugabanya ibyakwangirika ubwato bukomeza

urugendo. Nyuma yuko ubwato bugeze I Dar-es-salam HORIZON Logistics Ltd, BOLLORE TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS LTD na PRIME INSURANCE LTD zashyizeho inzobere kugira ngo bakore igenzura ku byangiritse; hanyuma nyuma nyum ay’igenzura, HORIZON LOGISTICS Ltd ikora imenyekanisha ry’ibyangijwe n’impanuka, isaba PRIME INSURANCE Ltd ko yakwihutira kubyishyura, maze PRIME INSURANCE Ltd yishyura ibyangiritse byose bihwanye na 327,433,580Frw. PRIME INSURANCE LTD yishyuye ibyangiritse, nyuma yandikira BOLLORE TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS LTD nk’umwikorezi iyisaba kuyisubiza ayo mafaranga hashingiwe ku burenganzira bw’isimbura (subrogation), ariko ntiyayishyura, bituma iyirega mu Rukiko rw’ubucuruzi isaba Urukiko kuyitegeka kuyishyura 327,433,580Frw yishyuwe HORIZON LOGISTICS Ltd ikayiha n'indishyi. Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi rwaciye urubanza rwemeza ko BOLLORE TRANSPORT&LOGISTICS RWANDA LTD igomba kwishyura PRIME INSURANCE Ltd amafranga miliyoni maganatatu makumyabiri na zirindwi ibihumbi maganane mirongwitatu na bitatu na maganatanu mirongwinani (327,433,580Frw) y’indishyi yishyuwe HORIZON LOGISTICS Ltd, n’inyungu zingana n’amafranga miliyoni eshatu n’ibihumbi maganacyenda makumyabiri n’icyenda na maganabiri n’atatu (3,929,203Frw). BOLLORE TRANSPORT&LOGISTICS RWANDA Ltd itishimiye icyemezo cy’Urukiko, yajuririye mu Rukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi ivuga ko itari gutegekwa kwishyura PRIME INSURANCE Ltd amafaranga yishyuye HORIZON LOGISTICS Ltd n’andi mafaranga yaciwe ngo kuko Urukiko rw’ubucuruzi rwayitegetse kwishyura rushingiye ko yapakiye ibifaru birimo mazutu itanacomokoye batiri kandi izo nshingano zari iza HORIZON LOGISTICS Ltd. Ivuga ko kandi impamvu yateye inkongi atari uko batiri zari zicometse zirimo na mazutu, ko ahubwo ari

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uko ibifaru byashituwe igihe babyatsaga babikura aho byari biri babijyana ku bwato. Ivuga ko kandi PRIME INSURANCE Ltd itagombaga kumukoreshaho « subrogation » ngo kuko yari umukozi wa HORIZON LOGISTICS Ltd. Yasabye amafaranga y’ibyakoreshejwe mu rubanza ku rwego rw’ubujurire. Ku ruhande rw’abaregwa, PRIME INSURANCE Ltd ivuga impamvu z’ubujurire z’urega nta shingiro zifite; ikavuga ko mu mahame umwikorezi agomba kugeza ibintu yatwaye aho bigomba gushyitswa bikiri muri conditions yabihawemo kandi akaba agomba kuryozwa igihombo cyose cyabaho mu gihe umuzigo yahawe ukiri mu maboko ye. Ivuga kandi ko iby’uko urega avuga ko atari uwo ariwe wese washoboraga kubipakira nk’uko amasezerano abivuga, ko ibi ubwabyo bisobanuye ko nyine impamvu aribo babipakiye bagombaga kuba bafite ubunyamwuga n’ubushishozi byo kuba babigeza aho bishyikirizwa nta kibazo na kimwe kibayeho kandi bakabikora neza kurusha abandi nk’abanyamwuga. Incamake y’icyemezo: Iyo umwishingizi wishyuye indishyi hashingiwe ku masezerano y’ubwishingizi bw’indishyi, aba afite uburenganzira bwo gusimbura uwishyuwe mu kwishyuza uwamuteye igihombo. Ubwo burenganzira bw’umwishingizi ntubushobora kubaho iyo uwateye igihombo ari mu bantu bateganywa n’itegeko, usibye mu gihe abo bantu baba bateje igihombo ku bushake cyangwa ku buriganya. Ubujurire nta shingiro bufite. Amagarama ahwanye n’ibyakozwe mu rubanza. Amategeko yashingiweho: Itegeko N° 030/2021 ryo ku wa 30/06/2021 rigenga imitunganyirize y’umurimo w’ubwishingizi, Ingingo ya 128. Nta manza zifashishijwe

Urubanza I. IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA [1] Ku italiki ya 05/07/2021, hagati ya HORIZON LOGISTICS Ltd na PRIME INSURANCE Ltd hasinywe amasezerano y’ubwishingizi bw’ibyakwangirikira mu bwikorezi by’ibikoresho bya gisirikare byavaga muri Soudan (El-Fasher na Darfur) biza i Kigali biciye Dar-es-salaam. Byakozwe nyuma y’uko Horizon Logistics Ltd yari yegukanye isoko ryo kuzana ibyo bikoresho bya gisirikari. Horizon Logistics Ltd nayo yahaye akazi BOLLORE TRANSPORT AND LOGISTIS LTD (transporter) kugira ngo izazane ibyo bikoresho ibikura kuri Port Sudan ibigeza i Kigali. [2] Ku italiki ya 17/08/2021, igihe ubwato bwavaga Port Sudan bwerekeza ku cyambu cya Dar Es Salaam, mu gihe cya saa moya za mu gitondo hagaragaye ibimenyetso by’inkongi y’umuriro mu gice cyo hasi cy’ubwato ahari hapakiyemo ibikoresho birimo ibifaru (APC), ababishinzwe

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bazimya umuriro banafata ingamba zatuma ikibatsi cy’umuriro kitagera mu gice cyo hejuru cy’ubwato mu rwego rwo kugabanya ibyakwangirika. Kuwa 18/08/2021, mu gice cyo hasi cy’ubwato hagaragayemo indi nkongi y’umuriro nayo iturutse kuri bya bifaru, ababishinzwe babasha kuwuzimya ubwato bukomeza urugendo. [3] Ubwato bugeze Dar-es-Salaam, HORIZON LOGISTICS Ltd, BOLLORE TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS Ltd, na PRIME INSURANCE Ltd zashyizeho inzobere kugira ngo bakore igenzura ku byangiritse. [4] Uburanira PRIME INSURANCE LTD avuga ko nyuma y’igenzura, impuguke zose zemeje ko inkongi z’umuriro zafashe mu gice cyo hasi cy’ubwato zaturutse ku buryo bubi bwapakiwemo ibyo bikoresho byikorewe, ngo kuko basanze inkongi y’umuriro yaraturutse kuri batiri zari zicometse ndetse hakaba harimo ibifaru byarimo mazutu, ko mu gihe ubwato bwagendaga bwizunguza mu mazi bitewe n’imiterere y’amazi byatumye za batiri zicometse zitera ibishashi byavutsemo inkongi y’umuriro. [5] Nyuma y’igenzura ry’ibyangijwe,

HORIZON LOGISTICS Ltd yakoze imenyekanisha ry’ibyangijwe n’impanuka, isaba PRIME INSURANCE Ltd ko yakwihutira kubyishyura, maze PRIME INSURANCE Ltd yishyura ibyangiritse byose bihwanye na 327,433,580Frw. [6] Nyuma y’uko PRIME INSURANCE LTD yishyuye ibyangiritse, yandikiye BOLLORE TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS LTD nk’umwikorezi iyisaba kuyisubiza ayo mafaranga hashingiwe ku burenganzira bw’isimbura (subrogation), ariko

BOLLORE TRANSPORT AND LOGISTIS LTD ntiyayishyura. Bituma iyirega mu Rukiko rw’ubucuruzi isaba Urukiko kuyitegeka kuyishyura 327,433,580Frw yishyuwe HORIZON LOGISTICS Ltd ikayiha n'indishyi. [7] Ababuranira PRIME INSURANCE LTD bavuze ko BOLLORE TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS Ltd ariyo yari ifite inshingano z’ubwikorezi bw’umuzigo yahawe na HORIZON LOGISTICS Ltd yakuye Port Soudan, ko kuba yarawugejeje i Kigali harimo ibyangiritse ariyo igomba kubiryozwa, ko rero yategekwa kwishyura PRIME INSURANCE Ltd indishyi zingana na 327,433,580Frw yishyuwe HORIZON LOGISTICS Ltd, igatanga inyungu mbonezamusaruro hamwe n’amafaranga y’ibyakoreshejwe mu rubanza. [8] Ababuranira BOLLORE TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS RWANDA LTD bavuze ko ikirego cya PRIME INSURANCE Ltd kitagomba guhabwa ishingiro kuko BOLLORE TRANSPORT&LOGISTICS RWANDA LTD yari yahawe akazi na HORIZON LOGISTICS Ltd ikaba yari umukozi wayo, ko bityo itegeko ritemerera umwishingizi gukoresha uburenganzira bwo gusimbura mu kwishyuza indishyi haregwa umukozi w’uwafashe ubwishingizi. Bavuze ko ikindi ari uko PRIME INSURANCE Ltd atariyo ifite ububasha bwo kwemeza nyirabayazana w’amakosa yabaye kugira ngo ishobore gukoresha ububasha bw’isimbura mu masezerano, ko hagombye icyemezo cy’urukiko cyemeza ugomba kuryozwa igihombo.

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[9] Urukiko rw’ubucuruzi rwasanze BOLLORE TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS RWANDA Ltd nk’umwikorezi wabigize umwuga yaragize ubuteganye buke kuko yapakiye ibifaru birimo mazutu na batiri zicometse, maze ruca urubanza mu buryo bukurikira : « Rwemeye kwakira ikirego cya PRIME INSURANCE LTD rugisuzumye rusanga gifite ishingiro. Rwemeje ko BOLLORE TRANSPORT&LOGISTICS RWANDA LTD igomba kwishyura PRIME INSURANCE Ltd amafranga miliyoni maganatatu makumyabiri na zirindwi ibihumbi maganane mirongwitatu na bitatu na maganatanu mirongwinani (327,433,580Frw) y’indishyi yishyuwe HORIZON LOGISTICS Ltd. Rutegetse BOLLORE TRANSPORT&LOGISTICS RWANDA LTD guha PRIME INSURANCE Ltd inyungu zingana n’amafranga miliyoni eshatu n’ibihumbi maganacyenda makumyabiri n’icyenda na maganabiri n’atatu (3,929,203Frw). Rutegetse BOLLORE TRANSPORT&LOGISTICS RWANDA LTD guha PRIME INSURANCE Ltd amafranga ibihumbi ijana (100,000Frw) y’ikurikiranarubanza, amafranga ibihumbi maganatanu (500,000Frw) y’igihembo cya avoka n’amafranga ibihumbi makumyabiri (20,000Frw) y’igarama yatanze irega ». [10] BOLLORE TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS RWANDA Ltd yarajuriye, ikirego cyandikwa kuri RCOMA 00280/2024/HCC, urubanza ruburanishwa BOLLORE TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS RWANDA Ltd ihagarariwe na Me NZEYIMANA Boniface, Me NGIRINSHUTI David, na Me SANGANO Yves, PRIME INSURANCE Ltd ihagarariwe na Me BAGOMORA Charles, na Me RUTABINGWA

Athanase. [11] BOLLORE TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS RWANDA Ltd yajuriye ivuga ko itari gutegekwa kwishyura PRIME INSURANCE Ltd amafaranga yishyuye HORIZON LOGISTICS Ltd n’andi mafaranga yaciwe ngo kuko Urukiko rw’ubucuruzi rwayitegetse kwishyura rushingiye ko yapakiye ibifaru birimo mazutu itanacomokoye batiri kandi izo nshingano zari iza HORIZON LOGISTICS Ltd. Ivuga ko kandi impamvu yateye inkongi atari uko batiri zari zicometse zirimo na mazutu, ko ahubwo ari uko ibifaru byashituwe igihe babyatsaga babikura aho byari biri babijyana ku bwato. Ivuga ko kandi PRIME INSURANCE Ltd itagombaga kumukoreshaho « subrogation » ngo kuko yari umukozi wa HORIZON LOGISTICS Ltd. Yasabye amafaranga y’ibyakoreshejwe mu rubanza ku rwego rw’ubujurire. [12]

PRIME

INSURANCE Ltd ivuga ko ubujurire bwa BOLLORE TRANSPORT&LOGISTICS RWANDA Ltd nta shingiro bufite. Yatanze ubujurire bwuririye ku bundi isaba ko amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cy’Avoka yagenewe mu rubanza rwajuririwe yakongerwa, inasaba ko yahabwa amafaranga y’ibyakoreshejwe mu rubanza ku rwego rw’ubujurire. [13] Urukiko, rushingiye kuri izo mpaka, rusanga hakwiye gusuzumwa ibibazo bikurikira : -Kumenya niba BOLLORE TRANSPORT&LOGISTICS RWANDA Ltd itari ikwiye gutegekwa kwishyura PRIME INSURANCE Ltd 327,433,580Frw y’indishyi zishyuwe HORIZON LOGISTICS Ltd ; -Kumenya niba BOLLORE TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS RWANDA Ltd idakwiye gutegekwa kwishyura indishyi mbonezamusaruro; -Kumenya niba BOLLORE TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS RWANDA Ltd idakwiye kuryozwa amafaranga asabwa y’ibyakoreshejwe mu rubanza; -Kumenya niba amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cy’Avoka PRIME INSURANCE Ltd yagenewe mu rubanza rwajuririwe yakongerwa;

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-Kumenya niba ababuranyi bahabwa amafaranga y’ibyakoreshwejwe mu rubanza mu bujurire.

II. ISESENGURA RY’IBIBAZO BIGIZE URUBANZA a) Kumenya niba BOLLORE TRANSPORT&LOGISTICS RWANDA LTD itari ikwiye gutegekwa kwishyura PRIME INSURANCE Ltd 327,433,580Frw y’indishyi zishyuwe HORIZON LOGISTICS Ltd [14] Ababuranira BOLLORE TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS RWANDA Ltd bavuga ko impamvu z’icyemezo cy’urukiko gitegeka BOLLORE TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS RWANDA Ltd gusubiza PRIME INSURANCE 327,433,580Frw yishyuwe HORIZON LOGISTICS Ltd bazisanga mu duce twa 27 na 28 mu cyemezo cy’urukiko mu rubanza rujuririrwa. [15] Bavuga ko mu gika cya 27 cy’icyemezo cy’urukiko mu rubanza rujuririrwa, urukiko rwavuze ko rubona raporo z’abahanga zivuga ko inkongi yatwitse bimwe mu bikoresho yatewe n’uburyo ibyo bikoresho byari byapakiwemo kuko inkongi yaturutse kuri batiri (battery) zari zicometse, hakaba hari n’ibifaru byarimo mazutu, noneho mu gihe ubwato bwagendaga bwizunguza mu mazi batiri zicometse zitera ibishahi byavuyemo inkongi y’umuriro. Mu gika cya 28 cy’urwo rubanza, Urukiko rwakomeje ruvuga ko rubona BOLLORE TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS RWANDA Ltd nk’umwikorezi wabigize umwuga (transporter) yaragize ubuteganye buke kuko bitewe n’imiterere y’ibyo yari agiye gutwara yagombaga kumenya niba nta kibazo uburyo bipakiyemo bushobora guteza, ikaba itaragombaga gupakira ibifaru bikirimo mazutu ndetse na bateri bakaba bari kureka zigashiramo umuriro (decharge). Bavuga ko BOLLORE TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS

RWANDA Ltd isanga ibi atariko bikwiye kuba bifatwa kuko mu gutwara ibinyabiziga mu bwato, ibinyabiziga byinjizwa mu bwato byigenza bikazanasohokamo (bipakururwa) byigenza. Bityo rero kuvuga ko BOLLORE TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS RWANDA Ltd yari ifite inshingano yo kuvidura mazuto cyangwa gucomokora insinga bikaba bitagaragazwa niba ari ihame (principle/standard) rishingirwaho mu gutwara ibinyabiziga cyangwa ibifaru mu bwato ngo wenda bibe bigaragazwa ko hari ihame runaka ryo gutwara ibintu mu bwato BOLLORE TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS RWANDA Ltd yaba itarubahirije. [16] Bavuga ko basanga Urukiko rutarasuzumye neza amasezerano hagati y’impande zose zivugwa mu masezerano atandukanye ndetse n’inyandiko zose zakozwe kuri iki kibazo. Bavuga ko icya mbere ari ukumenya umwihariko w’umuzigo wari upakiwe “ibikoresho bya gisirikare”. Bavuga ko inshingano zo kubipakira zari zifite HORIZON LOGISTICS. Kubera amabanga ndetse n’uburyo ibikoresho bya gisirikare bigomba kwitonderwa ntabwo ari uwo ariwe wese washoboraga kubipakira nk’uko amasezerano abivuga. Ko BOLLORE TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS RWANDA Ltd nta ruhare na rumwe yagize mu gupakira ibyo bikoresho. Ko ahubwo ubunyamwuga bwa BOLLORE TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS RWANDA Ltd bugaragarira ku kuba yarashoboye kuzimya inkongi y’umuriro, byatumye hatangirika ibikoresho byinshi kuko ibyangiritse ni bike cyane ugereranyije n’ibikoresho byose muri rusange byari byashyizwe mu nshingano za BOLLORE TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS RWANDA Ltd kugira ngo ibitware. [17] Bavuga ko mu gufata icyemezo urukiko rwirengagije ibikubiye mu masezerano impande zombi zagiranye cyane cyane mu nshingano za buri ruhande, aho gupakira ibikoresho byari

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inshingano ya HORIZON LOGISTICS bitari inshingano ya BOLLORE TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS RWANDA Ltd. Ko muri recitals/preamble y’amasezerano, agace ka (v) BOLLORE yahawe inshingano yo gutwara ibikoresho kuva kuri Port Sudan kugera I Kigali/Kanombe Military Barracks binyunze ku cyambu cya Dar-Es-Salaam. Ko mu gushyira mu bikorwa ayo masezerano, inshingano za buri ruhande ziteganyijwe mu ngingo ya 3 n’iya 4 z’amasezerano. Bavuga ko ingingo ya 4.5 y’amasezerano hagati ya BOLLORE (the Transporter) na HORIZON LOGISTICS (the Company) igaragaza neza ko HORIZON (the Company), yifashishije abatekinisiye bayo, ariyo yari ifite inshingano zo gutwara ibikoresho ibigeza ku cyambu cya Sudan, kubipakira no gusuzuma ko bimeze neza ndetse bakazaba ari nabo babipakurura mu bwato babyinjiza mu cyambu cya Dar-Es-Salaam. (The Company (Horizon) shall provide technicians at both Port Sudan and Port Dar Es Salaam to check on the mechanical conditions of the self-driven units prior to arrival of the vessel at Port Sudan and after arrival of the vessek at Port Dar Es Salaam. The technicians provided by the Company (Horizon) will drive the units into the RO RO vessels at Port Sudan and from the RO RO vessel at Dar Es Salaam onto the Port Dar Es Salaam. (…). The technicians shall be given access to the vessels at both Ports for the movement in/out from the vessels). [18] Bavuga ko mu gika cya 27 cy’urubanza,

Urukiko rwivugiye ko rubona raporo zigaragaza ko inkongi yatwitse bimwe mu bikoresho yatewe n’uburyo ibyo bikoresho byari byapakiwemo. Ko Raporo y’umuhanga nayo yagaragaje ko umuriro watewe no kuba ibifaru byashituwe (jump- starting) mu gihe babyatsaga babijyana ku cyambu “The fire must have been triggered by the action of jump-starting the APC and growth caused by the recharging action of the alternator for the three kilometers and the time of parking the APC on the deck…”. In the circumstances and in our opinion, the fire loss of the two APCs and Toyota Hilux Pick Upon 17th and 18th August 2021, abode the ship deck of RoRo Cargo Vessel Jabal Ali 7 was an accident caused by jumpstarting action and faulty electrical wiring (Reba executive summary ya raporo y’umuhanga Prof Karanja Thiong’o (PhD). Ko ibi bishimangira ko ntaburyozwe BOLLORE TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS RWANDA Ltd ifite kuko atari yo yari ifite inshinga no kugeza ku cyambu ibikoresho no kubipakira nkuko byagaragajwe haruguru. Ahubwo Horizon ikaba ariyo yonyine yari ifite izo nshingano yifashishije abatekinisiye bayo bari bafite inshingano yo kugeza ibikoresho ku cyambu, kubipakira no kugenzura ko bimeze neza mbere y’uko ubwato buhaguruka (ingingo ya 4.5 y’amasezerano). Bavuga ko kuba rero inkongi yaratewe n’amakosa yaba yarakozwe n’abakozi ba HORIZON LOGISTICS Ltd yo gushitura ibifaru n’uburyo babitwayemo babigeza ku

cyambu, bitaryozwa BOLLORE TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS RWANDA Ltd. [19] Bavuga ko icyakabiri ari uko amahame mpuzampahanga “international standards” mu gupakira ibinyabiziga ategeka ko bigomba kuba bifite lisansi/mazutu byibura yatuma bishobora kupakirwa ndetse no gupakururwa mu bwato. Ko kuba ibifaru byarapakiwe harimo fuel nta kosa ririmo n’ubwo inshingano zo kubipakira zitari iza BOLLORE TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS RWANDA Ltd nk’uko babisobanuye. Ko kuba kandi mazutu atari yo yateye impanuka bigaragazwa n’uko umuhanga atabyemeje kandi bigashimangirwa n’uko mubyangiritse hatarimo ububiko bwa mazutu. Ko iyo biba aribyo umuriro wahereyeho byakabaye byarangiritse mbere y’ibindi. Ko bityo rero kuba urukiko rwaranzuye ko inkongi yaturutse kuri batiri zari zicometse ngo hakaba hari n’ibifaru byarimo mazutu, noneho mu gihe ubwato bwagendaga bwizunguza mu mazi batiri zicometse zigatera ibishahi byavuyemo inkongi y’umuriro, atari byo kuko umuriro utangije ububiko bwa mazutu na moteri, ko byumvikana ko kuba ibifaru byaba birimo mazutu atari icyashingirwaho hanzurwa ko mazutu yateye umuriro, ngo cyane ko abahanga banzuye ko

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umuriro waba waratewe no gushitura ibifaru mu gihe babyatsaga babijyana ku cyambu no kubipakira kandi izo zikaba zari inshingano za Horizon. [20] Bavuga ko icya gatatu kititaweho ari uko mu masezerano y’ubwishingizi, utanga ubwishingizi atishingira ikibazo gishobora kuvuka giturutse ku miterere y’imbere y’icyishingiwe (inherent defects). Ko kuba insinga zishaje cyangwa zifite ibibazo nk’uko byavuzwe n’umuhanga zatuma habaho inkongi y’umuriro birumvikana ko ari ikibazo giturutse ku miterere y’ibyari bipakiwe (defaut technique) bidafite aho bihuriye no kuba inkongi y’umuriro yaraturutse ku buryo byatwawemo. Ko ibi ni nabyo byagaragajwe muri raporo bavuze haruguru bagaragaza imiterere y’ikibazo. [21] Bavuga ko icya kane kititaweho kandi nacyo gikomeye ari ugusuzuma ibiteganyijwe mu gace ka kabiri k’ingingo ya 128 y’itegeko N° 030/2021 ryo ku wa 30/06/2021 rigenga imitunganyirize y’umurimo w’ubwishingizi aho iteganya neza ko: “Iyo ikigo cy’ubwishingizi cyishyuye indishyi hakurikijwe amasezerano y’ubwishingizi bw’indishyi, cyemerewe gukoresha uburenganzira bwo gusimbura mu kwishyuza uryozwa igihombo cyangwa ibyangiritse, ku rugero cyishyuriyeho umufatabwishingizi cyangwa umugenerwabwishingizi. [22] Bavuga ko byumvikana neza ko icya mbere cyari ugusuzuma niba koko hari uwagize uruhare mu gutuma insinga zikoranaho n’uburyo yagize uruhare, atari ukuvuga gusa ngo kuba Bollore ariyo yari

ifite inshingano z’ubwikorezi igomba kuryozwa gusa hatanje gusuzumwa amasezerano yose yari hagati y’impande zose (HORIZON- PRIME) ndetse na (HORIZON- BOLLORE), cyane cyane ko ubwishingizi budashobora kwishyura mu gihe bigaragara neza ko inkomoko y’ikibazo ari imiterere y’icyishingiwe. Ko kubw’ibyo kuba PRIME INSURANCE Ltd yarishyuye ititaye kucyateye impanuka idashobora guhindukira ngo ijye guhimba undi muntu ishyiraho uburyozwe kugira ngo ikore subrogation. “nul ne peut se prevaloire de sa propre turpitude ». [23] Bavuga ko icya gatanu ari uko urukiko rutasuzumye neza ibiteganyijwe mu gace ka kabiri k’ingingo ya 128 kavuga ko « Ikigo cy’ubwishingizi kidashobora gukoresha uburenganzira buvugwa mu gika cya mbere cy’iyi ngingo ku bo umufatabwishingizi akomokaho, abamukomokaho, abamuhagarariye ku murimo n’abo akoresha cyangwa abantu basanzwe baba iwe kandi abafite mu nshingano, keretse iyo bigaragaye ko abo bantu bateje icyo gihombo ku bushake cyangwa uburiganya kabone n’ubwo byaba byarateganyijwe ukundi mu masezerano y’ubwishingizi. Bavuga ko aha byumvikana neza ko isano iri hagati ya HORIZON LOGISTICS Ltd na BOLLORE TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS RWANDA Ltd itagomba kwirengagizwa kuko ubwinshingizi HORIZON yafashe muri PRIME INSURANCE Ltd bugera no kuri BOLLORE TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS RWANDA Ltd ariyo mpamvu bagabanye ubwoko bw’ubwishingizi buri wese agomba gufata nk’uko twabigaragaje

mu ncamaje y’ikibazo. Ko ibisobanuro bitangwa mu gace ka 29 k’urubanza rujuririrwa bigaragaza ko urukiko rwiregagije ku bushake ko BOLLORE TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS RWANDA Ltd itafatwa nka « Third Party » ugomba kuryozwa kubera isano y’amasezerano ari hagati y’impande zombi kuko Bollore ari sub-contractor wakoreraga HORIZON ugendeye ku masezerano y’ibanze y’ubwikorezi yakozwe na HORIZON akishingirwa muri PRIME. Ko ibi bisobanuro byose byatanzwe mu iburanisha nkuko bigaragara mu nyandiko mvugo y’iburanisha (PV d’audience) ryo kuwa 12/3/2024 nyamara urukiko rukaba rutarigeze rubiha agaciro. Ko kubw’ibyo basanga rero Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rugomba gusuzuma mu buryo burambuye izi ngingo zose hanyuma

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rwemeze ko BOLLORE TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS RWANDA Ltd idashobora gukorerwaho subrogation ku mafaranga 327,433,580Frw PRIME INSURANCE LTD yishyuye HORIZON LOGISTICS LTD. Bavuga ko nk’uko bigaragara mu nyandiko mvugo y’iburanisha ryo kuwa 12/3/2024, ibisonuro byatanzwe n’abahagarariye BOLLORE TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS RWANDA Ltd mu rubanza byagaragazaga neza ko hashingiwe ku masezerano HORIZON LOGISTICS Ltd yagiranye na BOLLORE TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS RWANDA Ltd nta buryozwe BOLLORE TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS RWANDA Ltd ifite buturuka ku cyateye impanuka kuko uburyozwe bwayo n’umwishingizi wayo bugarukira gusa kuri professional liability, nyamara icyateye impanuka kikaba kitaraturutse ku bunyamwuga bucye cyangwa indi impamvu yose igizwemo uruhare na BOLLORE TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS RWANDA Ltd mu buryo yakozeinshingano zayo. Ko bityo kuba Prime yarishyuye Horizon bikaba bijyanye n’amasezerano bagiranye ya all risks cover bitandukanye n’ibyo BOLLORE TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS RWANDA Ltd yaryozwa kuko yo yaryozwa gusa ibijyanye na professional liability nk’uko biteganywa n’ingingo ya 5 (i) y’amasezerano. [24] Bavuze ko PRIME INSURANCE Ltd ivuga ko BOLLORE TRANSPORT & LOGISTICS RWANDA Ltd itari gutwara ibifaru n’imodoka zirimo mazutu kandi itakuye ibikondo kuri batiri, ko ariko BOLLORE TRANSPORT & LOGISTICS RWANDA Ltd itari gufungura ibifaru ngo kuko nta buzobere (specialization) yari ifite

kuri ibyo bikoresho, ngo kandi akaba atari cyagaragajwe mu gutera impanuka. Bavuga ko raporo BOLLORE TRANSPORT & LOGISTICS RWANDA Ltd yemera ari iyakozwe na Prof. KARANJA THIONG’O washyizweho na BOLLORE TRANSPORT & LOGISTICS RWANDA Ltd na HORIZON ikibazo kikimara kuba. Ko umuhanga washyizweho na PRIME INSURANCE Ltd yashyiriweho kugaragaza ibyangiritse n’agaciro kabyo kugira ngo imenye amafaranga igomba kwishyura. Ko rero iyi raporo itagenderwaho kuko idahuriweho n’impande zombi. [25] Bavuga ko vices cachés zari ku bifaru zari kumenywa na HORIZON aho kuba BOLLORE TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS RWANDA Ltd ngo kuko itari ifite inshingano zo kugenzura ko umuzigo ufite ikibazo. Ko mu bisanzwe BOLLORE TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS RWANDA Ltd ipakira ikanapakurura, ko ariko kuri iyi nshuro izo nshingano zagumanye HORIZON. Ko igenzura (inspection) ryakozwe ryari irijyanye no gukora ibarura (inventaire), ko ritari rijyanye n’ubuzima bw’imizigo. [26] Ababuranira PRIME INSURANCE Ltd bavuga ko muri iyi mpamvu y’ubujurire, BOLLORE TRANSPORT & LOGISTICS RWANDA Ltd, ubu yabaye AFRICA GLOBAL LOGISTICS RWANDA LTD, ivuga ko itagakwiriye kuryozwa indishyi zikomoka ku makosa yakoze ngo kuko itari ifite inshingano yo kuvidura mazutu cyangwa gucomokora insinga bikaba ntaho bigaragazwa niba ari ihame (principle/standard) rishingirwaho mu gutwara ibinyabiziga cyangwa ibifaru mu bwato ngo wenda bibe bigaragazwa ko

hari ihame runaka ryo gutwara ibintu mu bwato BOLLORE TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS RWANDA Ltd yaba itarubahirije. Ko mu gika cya 26 cy’urubanza rujuririrwa, Urukiko rwavuze uko rubibona muri aya magambo: “raporo yakozwe kuwa 4/10/2021 yerekana ibyangiritse iyo raporo ikaba yarashyikirijwe PRIME INSURANCE LTD kuri iyo tariki, muri iyo raporo abayikoze (Corporate Adjusters and Surveyors Trading as DELTA ASSESSORS Ltd) bakaba bagaragaza ko inkongi yatewe n’amashanyarazi (electrical system failures), bakagaragaza ko mu bifaru ( armored personal carriers (APC) harimo impumuro ya mazutu (inside the APC,s was a pungent smell of diesel which was being used to run the machine); ko kuba harimo mazutu nyinshi mu gihe ubwato bwapakirwaga bishobora kuba

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aribyo byateje ikwirakwizwa ry’umuriro (seemingly the APC’S may have had substantial quantity of fluel at the time of shipment. Diesel being a highly flammable substance must have accelerated to the spread of the fire); Muri dosiye kandi harimo indi raporo y’umuhanga Prof. KARANJA Thiong’o yo kuwa 20/10/2021 igaragaza ko inkongi y’umuriro yangije ibyo bikoresho yatewe n’insinga z’umuriro zitari zimeze neza”. Bavuga ko mu gika cyarwo cya 27, Urukiko rwagize ruti: “Rubona izi raporo zombi icyo zihuriraho ari uko inkongi yatwitse bimwe mu bikoresho yatewe n’uburyo ibyo bikoresho byari byapakiwemo kuko inkongi yaturutse kuri batiri zari zicometse hakaba hari n’ibifaru byarimo mazutu, noneho mu gihe ubwato bwagendaga bwizunguza mu mazi batiri zicometse zitera ibishahi byavuyemo inkongi y’umuriro”. Bavuga ko PRIME INSURANCE Ltd yibaza ukuntu BOLLORE TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS RWANDA Ltd ivuga ko ntahame ry’uko yari ifite inshingano yo kubanza kuvidura mazutu cyangwa gucomokora insinga mbere yo gutwara ibikoresho yari yahawe kugeza mu Rwanda ariko bikaza kwangirikira mu nzira, nyamara mu masezerano ikaba yari umwikorezi wabigize umwuga (transporter). Ese bwo haba nta hame iyo bavuze ko ari abikorezi b’umwuga bishatse kuvuga iki? Icyo bivuze n’uko bagombaga kugira ubushishozi n’ubuteganye bihagije byo kurinda ingaruka iyo ariyo yose kugira ngo hataza kuvuka ikibazo. [27] Bavuga ko ikindi

ari uko mu mahame, umwikorezi agomba kugeza ibintu yatwaye aho bigomba gushyitswa bikiri muri conditions yabihawemo kandi akaba agomba kuryozwa igihombo cyose cyabaho mu gihe umuzigo yahawe ukiri mu maboko ye. [28] Bavuga ko mu kirego cya BOLLORE TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS RWANDA Ltd ivuga ko atari uwo ariwe wese washoboraga kubipakira nk’uko amasezerano abivuga, ko ibi ubwabyo bisobanuye ko nyine impamvu aribo babipakiye bagombaga kuba bafite ubunyamwuga n’ubushishozi byo kuba babigeza aho bishyikirizwa nta kibazo na kimwe kibayeho kandi bakabikora neza kurusha abandi nk’abanyamwuga. [29] Bavuga ko ingingo ya 3 y’amasezerano hagati ya BOLLORE TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS RWANDA Ltd na Horizon, ivuga ko inshingano za BOLLORE TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS RWANDA Ltd (Obligations of the Transporter), yagombaga gukora ibishoboka byose mu bushishozi ndetse n’uburambe bwayo bishingiye ku bunyamwuga mu itarwa ry’imizigo yahawe, mu rurimi rw’icyongereza bavuga bati: “The Transporter shall perform all the obligations contained herein with due diligence and expertise in accordance with the universally accepted professional standards and practice”. Bavuga ko ndetse ingingo ya 4.5 y’amasezerano avuzwe haruguru urega yakoresheje avuga ko Horizon (the Company), yifashishije abatekinisiye bayo, ariyo yari ifite inshingano zo gutwara ibikoresho ibigeza ku cyambu cya Sudan, kubipakira no gusuzuma ko bimeze

neza ndetse bakazaba ari nabo babipakurura mu bwato babyinjiza mu cyambu cya Dar Es Salaam, Prime isanga habayeho gushaka kuyobya urukiko kuko ntibavugisha ukuri. Ko iyi ngingo ahubwo igaragaza neza ko icyo abatekinisiye bagombaga gukora arugusuzuma ubuziranenge bw’ibikoresho (to check on the echanical condition…) kuri Port Sudan no kuri Port Dar Es Salaam. Ko ibi byumvikanisha neza ko mbere y’uko ibikoresho bihabwa BOLLORE TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS RWANDA Ltd (Transporter) byabanje kugenzurwa ko nta kibazo na kimwe bifite byumvikanisha ko nta kibazo na kimwe byari bifite bishyikirizwa BOLLORE TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS RWANDA Ltd. Ko yagakwiriye kuba nayo yarabishyikirije Company nyine biri muri condition yabihawemo nk’inshingano ya Transporter kandi ibyo bikaba ari ihame rusange rigenga ubwikorezi.

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[30] Bavuga ko hashingiwe ku busobanuro butanzwe haruguru, ibimenyetso ndetse no ku ngingo ya 128 y’Itegeko No 030/2021 ryo ku wa 30/06/2021 rigenga imitunganyirize y’umurimo w’ubwishingizi, hashingiwe ku kuba BOLLORE TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS RWANDA Ltd itarigeze ihakana uburyozwe kuva ku munsi wa mbere isabwa kwishyura igihombo yateje, kuba kandi mbere yo gupakira umuzigo harabanje gukorwa isuzumwa ry’abatekinisiye ngo barebe ko ntakibazo byari bifite (Defaut technique), Prime Insurance irasanga ibyategetswe n’Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi mu rubanza rujuririrwa rwarabikoreye ubusesenguzi n’ubugorangingo bihagije mu kwemeza no gutegeka ko BOLLORE TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS RWANDA Ltd igomba kwirengera igihombo yateje, ikishyura PRIME INSURANCE LTD (327,433,580Frw) y’indishyi yishyuwe HORIZON LOGISTICS Ltd, bityo igasaba Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi ko narwo rwakwemeza ko nta kosa ryakozwe mu rubanza rujuririrwa kandi ko nta gihindutse. [31] Bavuga ko BOLLORE TRANSPORT & LOGISTICS RWANDA LTD ubu yabaye AFRICA GLOBAL LOGISTICS RWANDA LTD, iravuga ko icyambere cyari ugusuzuma niba koko hari uwagize uruhare mu gutuma insinga zikoranaho atari ukuvuga gusa ngo BOLLORE TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS RWANDA Ltd niyo yari ifite inshingano z’ubwikorezi igomba kuryozwa gusa hatabaje gusuzumwa amasezerano yose yari hagati y’impande zombi. Ko ndetse ubwishingizi budashobora kwishyura mu gihe bigaragara neza ko

inkomoko y’ikibazo ari imiterere y’ikishingiwe. Ko ibivugwa na BOLLORE TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS RWANDA Ltd atari byo, ko ahubwo ari ugushaka guhunga inshingano zayo ngo kuko abahanga bakoze raporo nyuma y’impanuka bavuze ko mu gihe izo APC’s zatwarwaga bateri zazo zicometseho cables kandi zirimo mazutu nyinshi kandi ko kuba mu gutwarwa kwazo harabayeho kugenda zizunguzwa cyane ubwo zari mu bwato hakabaho uko gutwarwa mu buryo budasannzwe aribyo byateje circuit electrique muri APC bigatuma batiri iturika. Ko muri raporo yakozwe kuwa 4/10/2021 ikozwe na Corporate Adjusters and Surveyors Trading as DELTA ASSESSORS Ltd, igaragaza ko inkongi yatewe n’amashanyarazi (electrical system failures), bakagaragaza ko mu bifaru ( armored personal carriers (APC) harimo impumuro ya mazutu (inside the APC,s was a pungent smell of diesel which was being used to run the machine);ko kuba harimo mazutu nyinshi mu gihe ubwato bwapakirwaga bishobora kuba aribyo byateje ikwirakwizwa ry’umuriro ( seemingly the APC’S may have had substantial quantity of fluel at the time of shipment . Diesel being a highly flammable substance must have accelerated to the spread of the fire). Ko ingingo ya 5 y’amasezerano y’ubwikorezi hagati ya BOLLORE TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS RWANDA Ltd na Horizon, iteganya ko umwikorezi azirengera igihombo mu gihe bigaragaye ko yagize uburangare yakoze amakosa yabigambiriye (The

transporter shall be responsible for the loss of the Contingent Owned Equipment (COE) once their negligence or willful misconduct is proven and in accordance with its Quotation). Ko kuba Bollore yaragize uburangare bwo gupakira ibyo bikoresho nabi insinga zicomekeranye hakaba harimo na mazout ari nabyo byateye impanuka kandi mu masezerano ku rupapuro rwa 4 ingingo ya 5 bakaba bavuga ko Ballore nk’umwikorezi igomba kwirengera indishyi zijyanye n’igihombo gikomoka ku makosa yabo, Prime Insurance isanga kuba imizigo yarapakiwe nabi Ballore ikaba igomba kubyirengera kuko bashoboraga kubyirinda bagakuramo mazutu zari mu bifaru na bateri bakazivanamo umuriro (decharger) bityo impanuka ntibe. Ko Prime yibutsa ko ihame muri “transport” ari uko umwikorezi aryozwa ibyangiritse mu gihe cy’urugendo mu gihe atarabishyikiriza nyirabyo. Ko ingingo ya 7 igika cya 2 y’amasezerano y’ubwikorezi, iteganya ko BOLLORE TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS RWANDA Ltd igomba kwirengera indishyi zijyanye na serivisi bakora, kandi service bakora akaba ari ugutwara ibintu(transport) aho byanditswe mu rurimi rw’icyongereza muri aya magambo: “The transporter will secure the professional liability insurance covering the scope of

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the services rendered underthis Contract”. Ko ushingiye kuri iyi ngingo, Bollore ikaba ntaho yahera ihunga inshingano zayo zikomoka ku masezerano yishyiriyeho umukono cyane ko ingingo ya 64 y’itegeko N° 45/2011 ryo kuwa 25/11/2011 rigenga amasezerano iteganya ko: “Amasezerano akozwe ku buryo bukurikije amategeko aba itegeko ku bayagiranye”. [32] Bavuga ko hashingiwe ku busobanuro, ibimenyetso n’ingingo z’amategeko Prime Insurance igaragarije urukiko, isanga nta na hamwe BOLLORE TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS RWANDA Ltd yahera ihakana responsibilities cyane ko ari amayeri irimo kuzana mu rukiko kugira ngo itinze kwishyura nyamara guhera mbere hose muri correspondances yagiye igirana na Prime Insurance Ltd isabwa kwishyura ikaba itarigeze ihakana responsibilities. [33] Bavuga ko raporo yakozwe na Prof. KARANJA THIONG’O n’iyakozwe na Corporate Adjusters and Surveyors Trading as DELTA ASSESSORS Ltd zuzuzanya. Bavuze ko BOLLORE TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS RWANDA Ltd na HORIZON bemeranyije ku muzigo, ko kandi BOLLORE TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS RWANDA Ltd ifite uruhushya (license) rwo gutwara umuzigo uwo ari wo wose. [34] Bavuze ko ibijyanye n’ubuteganye buke babisanga muri raporo y’abahanga, ko BOLLORE TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS RWANDA Ltd yafashe imodoka ikazishyira mu bwato badacomoye batiri. Bavuga kandi ko ibifaru bigeze ku bwato hakozwe igenzura (inspection) ryagaragaje ko nta kibazo bifite.

UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [35] Impaka kuri iyi ngingo zishingiye ku kumenya niba impamvu zikurikira zitangwa na BOLLORE TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS RWANDA Ltd zari gutuma Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi rutayitegeka kwishyura PRIME INSURANCE Ltd indishyi yishyuye HORIZON LOGISTICS Ltd: -Kumenya niba BOLLORE TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS RWANDA Ltd itari kuregwa hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 128 y’Itegeko N° 030/2021 ryo ku wa 30/06/2021 rigenga imitunganyirize y’umurimo w’ubwishingizi; -Kumenya icyateye inkongi y’umuriro yatumye bimwe mu byari bipakiwe mu bwato bishya, bigatuma PRIME INSURANCE Ltd yishyura HORIZON LOGISTICS Ltd amafaranga angana na 327,433,580Frw ; -Kumenya niba hashingiwe ku mpamvu y’inkongi y’umuriro, BOLLORE TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS RWANDA Ltd igomba gutegekwa gusubiza PRIME INSURANSE Ltd amafaranga angana na 327,433,580Frw.

Kumenya niba BOLLORE TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS RWANDA Ltd itari kuregwa hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 128 y’Itegeko N° 030/2021 ryo ku wa 30/06/2021 rigenga imitunganyirize y’umurimo w’ubwishingizi [36] Ingingo ya 128 y’Itegeko N° 030/2021 ryo ku wa 30/06/2021 rigenga imitunganyirize y’umurimo w’ubwishingizi igira iti : « Iyo ikigo cy’ubwishingizi cyishyuye indishyi hakurikijwe amasezerano y’ubwishingizi bw’indishyi, cyemerewe gukoresha uburenganzira bwo gusimbura

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mu kwishyuza uryozwa igihombo cyangwa ibyangiritse, ku rugero cyishyuriyeho umufatabwishingizi cyangwa umugenerwabwishingizi. Ikigo cy’ubwishingizi ntigishobora gukoresha uburenganzira buvugwa mu gika cya mbere cy’iyi ngingo ku bo umufatabwishingizi akomokaho, abamukomokaho, abamuhagarariye ku murimo n’abo akoresha cyangwa abantu basanzwe baba iwe kandi abafite mu nshingano, keretse iyo bigaragaye ko abo bantu bateje icyo gihombo ku bushake cyangwa uburiganya kabone n’ubwo byaba byarateganyijwe ukundi mu masezerano y’ubwishingizi ». [37] Mu by’iyi ngingo ivuga harimo ko iyo umwishingizi wishyuye indishyi hashingiwe ku masezerano y’ubwishingizi bw’indishyi, aba afite uburenganzira bwo gusimbura uwishyuwe mu kwishyuza uwamuteye igihombo. Ivuga ariko ko ubwo burenganzira bw’umwishingizi budashobora kubaho iyo uwateye igihombo ari mu bantu bavugwa muri iyi ngingo, usibye mu gihe abo bantu baba bateje igihombo ku bushake cyangwa ku buriganya. [38] Ababuranira BOLLORE TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS RWANDA Ltd bavuga ko PRIME INSURANCE Ltd itagomba gusimbura HORIZON LOGISTICS Ltd mu burenganzira bwo kuyishyuza, ngo kuko ubwinshingizi HORIZON LOGISTICS Ltd yafashe muri PRIME INSURANCE Ltd bugera no kuri BOLLORE TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS RWANDA Ltd ngo akaba ariyo mpamvu bagabanye ubwoko bw’ubwishingizi. Ko indi mpamvu ari uko BOLLORE TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS RWANDA Ltd itafatwa nka « Third Party

» ugomba kuryozwa ngo kuko ari subcontractor wakoreraga HORIZON LOGISTICS Ltd. [39] Amasezerano yo mu kwezi kwa Nyakanga 2021 uru rubanza rushingiyeho ni amasezerano y’ubwikorezi (contract of carriage) yabaye hagati ya BOLLORE TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS RWANDA Ltd na HORIZON LOGISTICS Ltd. Agaragaza ko BOLLORE TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS RWANDA Ltd na HORIZON LOGISTICS Ltd ari impande ebyiri zagiranye amasezerano (contractors). Ntabwo amasezerano agaragaza ko BOLLORE TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS RWANDA Ltd ari subcontractor. Ikindi ariko ni uko na subcontractor atari umukozi (employee) w’uwo bagiranye amasezerano. [40] Urukiko rusanga ingingo ya 128 y’Itegeko N° 030/2021 ryo ku wa 30/06/2021 rigenga imitunganyirize y’umurimo w’ubwishingizi itavuga ko iyo uwateye igihombo cyishyuwe n’umwishingizi ari uwagiranye amasezerano n’uwishyuwe, cyangwa ari subcontractor, umwishingizi atagira uburenganzira bwo kumwishyuza mu mwanya w’uwishyuwe. Ibi bikaba bivuze ko niyo BOLLORE TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS RWANDA Ltd yaba ari subcontractor wa HORIZON LOGISTICS Ltd ntacyabuza PRIME INSURANCE Ltd kumwishyuza mu mwanya wa HORIZON LOGISTICS Ltd. [41] Urukiko rukaba rusanga rero ibivugwa na BOLLORE TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS RWANDA Ltd ko idashobora kwishyuzwa hashingiye ku ngingo ya 128 y’Itegeko N° 030/2021 ryo ku wa 30/06/2021 rigenga imitunganyirize y’umurimo w’ubwishingizi nta shingiro bifite. [42] Urukiko rusanga kandi ibyo ababuranira BOLLORE TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS RWANDA Ltd bavuga by’uko inyungu z’amasezerano y’ubwishingizi ziyigeraho atari ukuri, kuko bidateganywa n’ayo masezerano. Icyo amasezerano y’ubwishingizi agaragaza akaba ari uko yabaye hagati ya PRIME INSURANCE Ltd na BOLLORE TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS

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RWANDA Ltd, kandi amasezerano akaba agira ingaruka ku bayagiranye nk’uko biteganywa n’ingingo ya 1131 y’Itegeko N° 45/2011 ryo kuwa 25/11/2011 rigenga amasezerano.

Kumenya icyateye inkongi y’umuriro yatumye bimwe mu byari bipakiwe mu bwato bishya, bigatuma PRIME INSURANCE Ltd yishyura HORIZON LOGISTICS Ltd amafaranga angana na 327,433,580Frw [43] Ingingo ya 78 y’Itegeko n° 062/2024 ryo ku wa 20/06/2024 rigenga ibimenyetso igira iti : « Urwego rufite ububasha ntirutegetswe gukurikiza ibitekerezo by’impuguke. Icyakora, rusuzuma ibikubiye muri raporo y’impuguke rukabiha agaciro hagendewe ku kibazo gisuzumwa ». [44] Iyi ngingo yumvikanisha ko urwego rwashyikirijwe raporo y’impuguke rudategetswe gukurikiza ibiyikubiye, ko icyakora ruvuga agaciro ruha ibikubiye muri raporo rugendeye ku kibazo ruri gusuzuma. [45] Urukiko rusanga raporo y’abahanga igomba gushingirwaho ari iyakozwe na Prof. KARANJA Thiong’o, kuko ababuranyi bombi bayemera, ndetse akaba yarashyizweho ku bwumvikane bwa HORIZON LOGISTICS Ltd na BOLLORE TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS RWANDA Ltd kugira ngo agaragaze inkomoko y’inkongi y’umuriro. Naho umuhanga witwa CORPORATE ADJUSTERS & SURVEYORS akaba yarashyizweho na PRIME INSURANCE Ltd kugira ngo agaragaze agaciro k’ibyangiritse. Iyi raporo yakozwe na CORPORATE ADJUSTERS & SURVEYORS rero ikaba itashingirwaho, kuko umuhanga wayikoze yashyizweho n’impande zitagiranye amasezerano uru rubanza rushingiyeho (amasezerano y’ubwikorezi).

[46] Raporo ya KARANJA Thiong’o2 ivuga ko ibifaru (APC) byakijwe babanje kubishitura, bakabitwara ibilometero bigera muri bitatu kuva aho byari biri kugera mu bwato. Ivuga ko gushitura ikinyabiziga mu gihe batiri zashizemo umuriro bisanzwe bizwi ko bituma habaho umuriro (cause fires). Prof. KARANJA avuga ko shortcircuiting/court-circuit ariyo ishobora kuba yabaye intandaro y’uko batiri zishiramo umuriro, ko n’ubwo short-circuiting/court-circuit itashoboraga gutangiza inkongi y’umuriro kuko iba idafite umuriro mwinshi, yagiye ica insinga. Avuga ko umuriro mwinshi wazanywe no gushitura igifaru ari nabyo byatangije inkongi

1 Amasezerano agira inkurikizi ku bayagiranye gusa, ntabangamira undi wese kandi amugirira akamaro gusa mu biteganyijwe bijyanye no gusezerana ibifitiye undi akamaro. 2 Futher inquiry revealed that the APCs were jumpstarted at a location of 3 kilometers away from the ship before driving non-stop to the ship deck. The act of jump-starting on a dead battery is known to cause fires. This is attributed to short-circuiting inside the old plates. In this case, the cut electrical wires would be given power and the driving itself, although the power would now be given by the alternator that would be charging the batteries. For wires exposed to short-circuiting, which in this case could simply be due to live wires touching the body armor, a fire would start and the plastics of the insulation and battery body would grow it. Indeed the short-circuiting could have been responsible for the battery going flat because current would drained by the slow short-circuiting, which, due to lack of enough power, could not start a fire but cut some wires. Jump-starting would therefore provide the needed power to initiate a fire and the alternator would continue giving it power to grow. On stopping the APC on the deck of the ship, slow growth would continue on account of the recharged battery.

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y’umuriro, hanyuma alternator ikomeza guha imbaraga uwo muriro bituma ugenda urushaho kuba mwinshi. Ko mu gihe igifaru cyari kimaze kugezwa mu bwato umuriro wakomeje kwiyongera buhoro bitewe na batiri zari zamaze kujyamo umuriro.

[47] Prof. KARANJA avuga ko umuriro wangije imizigo ya United Nations watewe na short circuiting yabaye mu gifaru (APC) gifite nomero UNILI23581, ko umuriro ushobora kuba waratewe n’uko mu kwatsa icyo gifaru cyashituwe, umuriro ukomeza kwiyongera igihe cyari mu nzira kijyanwa mu bwato bitewe n’umuriro wavaga muri alteranator ujya muri batiri (recharging action), ko umuriro wakomeje ukagera kuri diesel tanks/reservoirs, ukagera ku gifaru cya kabiri cyari giparitse iruhande rw’icyatangiriyemo umuriro, icya kabiri nacyo kigahereza umuriro imodoka ya Toyota Hilux Pick Up yari iparitse iruhande rwacyo. Yavuze ko asanga inkongi itaratewe n’ubushake bw’umuntu, ko ahubwo ari impanuka yatewe no kuba mu kwatsa igifaru baragishituye, no kuba insinga zacyo zari zifite ikibazo3.

Kumenya niba hashingiwe ku mpamvu y’inkongi y’umuriro, BOLLORE TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS RWANDA Ltd igomba gutegekwa gusubiza PRIME INSURANSE Ltd amafaranga angana na 327,433,580Frw [48] Ingingo ya 64 y’Itegeko N° 45/2011 ryo ku wa 25/11/2011 rigenga amasezerano igira iti: “Amasezerano akozwe ku buryo bukurikije amategeko aba itegeko ku bayagiranye. Ashobora guseswa ari uko babyumvikanyeho cyangwa ku mpamvu zemewe n'amategeko. Agomba kubahirizwa nta buriganya”. Iyi ngingo ivuga ko amasezerano ari itegeko kubayagiranye, ko bategetswe kuyubahiriza nta buryarya. [49] Ingingo ya 137 y’Itegeko rimaze kuvugwa igira iti: « Uruhande rwarenganyijwe rufite uburenganzira bwo kubona indishyi zitanzwe n‟urundi ruhande rutubahirije ibisabwa mu masezerano, keretse iyo ikirego kigamije kubona indishyi cyahagaritswe cyangwa cyaravuyeho». Iyi ngingo igaragaza ko iyo habayeho kutubahiriza amasezerano, uruhande rwarenganyijwe rufite uburenganzira bwo guhabwa indishyi n’uruhande rwishe amasezerano. [50] Ingingo ya 5.i4 y’amasezerano y’ubwikorezi HORIZON LOGISTICS Ltd yagiranye na BOLLORE TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS RWANDA Ltd ivuga ko BOLLORE TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS RWANDA Ltd izaryozwa igihombo cyaba kubyari byikorewe, mu gihe

3 In the circumstances and in our opinion, the fire loss on the ship carrying United Nations Cargo was caused by short-circuiting by a major wire at the base of battery cage located at the rear LHS corner of APC number UNILI23581. The start-up must have been caused by the action of jump-starting the APC, continued growth before stopping the APC on the deck of the ship being facilitated by alternator recharging. The fire spread to the diesel tanks and lit up a second APC parked next to it and it in turn spead the fire to a Toyota Hilux Pick Up parked next to it. We did not find evidence of deliberated action and therefore classed it as an accident caused by jumpstarting action and a faulty electrical wiring. 4 The Transporter shall be responsible for the loss of the Contingent Owned Equipment (COE) once their negligence or willful misconduct is proven and in accordance with this quotation

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bizagaragara ko yagize ubuteganye buke (negligence) cyangwa yitwaye uko bidakwiye bivuye ku bushake bwayo. [51] Ingingo ya 4.55 y’amasezerano y’ubwikorezi yabaye hagati ya HORIZON LOGISTICS Ltd na BOLLORE TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS RWANDA Ltd ivuga ko HORIZON LOGISTICS Ltd izatanga abatekinisiye bazagenzura ubuzima bw’ibinyabiziga bizagezwa mu bwato bitwawe mbere y’uko bishyirwa mu bwato kuri Port Sudan, na nyuma y’uko bikurwa mu bwato bigejejwe Dar Es Salaam. Ko abo batekinisiye bazakorana n’aba BOLLORE TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS RWANDA Ltd bazakora igenzura (joint inspection) mu rwego rwo kugaragaza ubuzima bw’ibyo binyabiziga. Ko abatekinisiye ba HORIZON LOGISTICS Ltd ari bo bazatwara ibinyabiziga bakabigeza mu bwato kuri Port Sudan, bakazongera bakabikura mu bwato bugeze ku cyambu cya Dar Es Salaam. [52] Urukiko rushingiye ku byo rwagaragaje hejuru, rusanga amasezerano BOLLORE TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS RWANDA Ltd yagiranye na HORIZON LOGISTICS Ltd ateganya ko mbere yo gupakira ibinyabiziga byaje bitwawe mu bwato hazabanza kuba igenzura ryabyo rizakorwa n’abatekinisiye b’impande zombi. Rusanga ariko muri dosiye nta kigaragaza ko iryo genzura ryakozwe, kandi ariryo ryari kuba rikemura ikibazo cyo kumenya niba ibifaru n’imodoka byaragejejwe mu bwato nta kibazo bifite, kuko mu gihe hari icyari kuba gifite umuriro watewe no kugishitura, abagenzuzi bari kubibona kitarashyirwa mu bwato

bigatuma bakemura icyo kibazo kitaragira ibyo cyangiza. [53] Urukiko rusanga kuba igenzura rihuriweho nta kigaragaza ko ryakozwe, BOLLORE TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS RWANDA Ltd nk’umwikorezi wabigize umwuga ikarenga igatwara ibikoresho bya HORIZON LOGISTICS Ltd, ari ubuteganye buke bwayo kuko ari yo irebwa cyane n’ibyagombaga gukorwa kugira ngo imizigo yahawe iyigeze aho iyijyanye nta kibazo kibayeho. Ubwo buteganye buke rero bukaba bugaragaza ko BOLLORE TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS RWANDA Ltd itubahirije inshingano zayo. [54] Urukiko rusanga ariko niyo igifaru cyari kuba cyazanye umuriro (wari utaraba inkongi) igihe cyashyirwaga mu bwato, nabyo bidakuraho uburyozwe bwa BOLLORE TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS RWANDA Ltd, kuko raporo ya Prof KAYANJA igaragaza ko iyi sosiyete yari ifite ibyuma bifite bushobozi bwo kubona ko ibifaru bya HORIZON LOGISTICS birimo umuriro, kuko n’ubundi ibyo ibyuma ari byo byatanze intabaza igihe umuriro wakaga mu bwato, bikaba byari no kuyitanga igihe ibifaru byapakirwaga bigatuma bawuzimya utarangiza byinshi. Kuba rero

5 The company shall provide technicians at both Port Sudan and Port Dar Es Salaam to check on the mechanical condition of the self-driven units prior to arrival of the vessel at Port Sudan and after arrival of the vessel at Dar Es Salaam. The technicians provided by the company will drive the units into the RORO vessel at Port Sudan and from the RORO vessel at Dar Es Salaam onto Port Dar Es Salaam. They will timely ensure the units are in driving condition and subsequently a joint inspection report by Parties shall be provided confirming said condition of self-driven vihicles. The technicians shall be given access to the vessel at both Ports for the movement in/out from the vessel.

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ibyo byuma byaba bitarabonye umuriro ntibigomba kubazwa nyiri imizigo, ahubwo byabazwa umwikorezi. [55] Urukiko rushingiye ku ngingo ya 5.i y’amasezerano y’ubwikorezi HORIZON LOGISTICS Ltd yagiranye na BOLLORE TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS RWANDA Ltd, rugashingira ku ngingo ya 64, 80, na 81 z’Itegeko N° 45/2011 ryo ku wa 25/11/2011 rigenga amasezerano, rukanashingira ku ngingo ya 128 y’Itegeko N° 030/2021 ryo ku wa 30/06/2021 rigenga imitunganyirize y’umurimo w’ubwishingizi, rusanga BOLLORE TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS RWANDA Ltd igomba gutegekwa kwishyura PRIME INSURANCE Ltd 327,433,580Frw yishyuye HORIZON LOGISTICS Ltd nk’uko byemejwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi. Bityo impamvu y’ubujurire ya BOLLORE TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS RWANDA Ltd ivuga ko itagombaga gutegekwa kwishyura aya mafaranga ikaba nta shingiro ifite.

b) Kumenya niba BOLLORE TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS RWANDA Ltd idakwiye gutegekwa kwishyura indishyi mbonezamusaruro [56] Ababuranira BOLLORE TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS RWANDA Ltd bavuga ko basanga indishyi muri rusange nta shingiro zifite ngo kuko zifatiye ku mpamvu y’ubujurire bwa mbere kandi bakaba bagaragariza urukiko ko nta shingiro ifite, basanga na none ingingo ya 128 y’itegeko N° 030/2021 ryo ku wa 30/06/2021 rigenga imitunganyirize y’umurimo w’ubwishingizi ribiteganya ikumira kuba PRIME INSURANCE yasaba amafaranga arenga ayo yishyuye PRIME INSURANCE ngo kuko isobanura neza ko: “Iyo ikigo cy’ubwishingizi cyishyuye indishyi hakurikijwe amasezerano y’ubwishingizi bw’indishyi, cyemerewe gukoresha uburenganzira bwo gusimbura mu kwishyuza uryozwa igihombo cyangwa ibyangiritse, ku rugero cyishyuriyeho umufatabwishingizi cyangwa umugenerwabwishingizi.” Ko gusaba indishyi ari ugushaka indonke irengeje urugero rw’amafaranga yishyuwe. Ko rero BOLLORE TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS RWANDA Ltd isanga indishyi zagenwe n’Urukiko rw’ubucuruzi zingana na 3,929,203Frw zasobanuwe mu gika cya 33 n’icya 34 cy’icyemezo cy’urukiko zinyuranyije n’amategeko kandi ko zidakwiye gutangwa, ikaba ijurira isaba ko zateshwa agaciro. [57] Ababuranira PRIME INSURANCE Ltd bavuga ko BOLLORE TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS RWANDA Ltd ivuga ko isanga indishyi zagenwe n’Urukiko rw’ubucuruzi zingana na 3,929,203Frw zinyuranyije n’amategeko kandi ko zidakwiye gutangwa ikaba ijurira isaba ko zateshwa agaciro. Ko Prime Insurance isanga kuba tariki ya 26/01/2022 BOLLORE TRANSPORT

AND

LOGISTICS

RWANDA Ltd yarandikiwe na

HORIZON ibaruwa y’imenyekanishampanuka, ikanamenyeshwa ko ikwiye kwitegura uburyozwe ku byangirikiye mu rugendo, na none tariki ya 01/03/2022, PRIME ikaba yarandikiye BOLLORE TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS RWANDA Ltd nk’umwikorezi wa HORIZON iyisaba kuyisubiza ayo yishyuye yose hashingiwe ku ngingo y’Itegeko iteganya uburyo bw’isimbura mu masezerano y’ubwishingizi bw’indishyi (subrogation) ariko ntigire icyo ibikoraho, kuwa 18/05/2022, PRIME ikaba yarongeye kwandikira BOLLORE TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS RWANDA Ltd iyihanangiriza nyamara igakomeza kwanga kwishyura itanahakana responsibilities, ahubwo ikaba yarasubije Prime ko nayo ifite umwishingizi bityo ariwe bakwegera kugira ngo abishyure, Prime ishingiye ku ngingo ya 144 y’Itegeko N° 45/2011 ryo ku wa 25/11/2011 rigenga amasezerano, isanga indishyi mbonezamusaruro zingana na 3,929,203Frw zifite ishingiro ahubwo ikaba isaba Urukiko ko zazakomeza kwiyongera kugeza ku munsi w’urubanza ruzasomerwaho.

Page 17

UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [58] Impaka kuri iyi ngingo zishingiye ku kumenya niba BOLLORE TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS RWANDA Ltd yari gucibwa indishyi n’Urukiko rw’ubucuruzi. [59] Ingingo ya 128 y’Itegeko N° 030/2021 ryo ku wa 30/06/2021 rigenga imitunganyirize y’umurimo w’ubwishingizi igira iti : « Iyo ikigo cy’ubwishingizi cyishyuye indishyi hakurikijwe amasezerano y’ubwishingizi bw’indishyi, cyemerewe gukoresha uburenganzira bwo gusimbura mu kwishyuza uryozwa igihombo cyangwa ibyangiritse, ku rugero cyishyuriyeho umufatabwishingizi cyangwa umugenerwabwishingizi. Ikigo cy’ubwishingizi ntigishobora gukoresha uburenganzira buvugwa mu gika cya mbere cy’iyi ngingo ku bo umufatabwishingizi akomokaho, abamukomokaho, abamuhagarariye ku murimo n’abo akoresha cyangwa abantu basanzwe baba iwe kandi abafite mu nshingano, keretse iyo bigaragaye ko abo bantu bateje icyo gihombo ku bushake cyangwa uburiganya kabone n’ubwo byaba byarateganyijwe ukundi mu masezerano y’ubwishingizi ». [60] Ingingo ya 144 y’Itegeko N° 45/2011 ryo kuwa 25/11/2011 rigenga amasezerano igira iti : « Iyo kwica amasezerano birebana no kutishyura amafaranga cyangwa kudakora igisabwa gishobora kubarwa mu mafaranga azwi cyangwa ashobora kumenyekana, inyungu zibarwa uhereye igihe igisabwa cyagombaga gukorwa hakuwemo ibyo uruhande rwishe amasezerano rufiteho uburenganzira ».

[61] Ingingo ya 128 y’Itegeko N° 030/2021 ryo ku wa 30/06/2021 rigenga imitunganyirize y’umurimo w’ubwishingizi igaragaza umwishingizi wishyuye indishyi hakurikijwe amasezerano y’ubwishingizi bw’indishyi afite uburenganzira bwo gusaba ko uryozwa igihombo kumusubiza amafaranga angana n’ayo yishyuye. Iyi ngingo ikaba ivuga icyo ingano y’amafaranga umwishingizi afitiye uburenganzira. Ingingo ya 144 y’Itegeko N° 45/2011 ryo kuwa 25/11/2011 rigenga amasezerano yo igaragaza ubundi burenganzira ari bwo uburenganzira ku ndishyi/inyungu mu gihe ufite inshingano yo kwishyura amafaranga cyangwa gukora ikindi kintu gishobora kubarwa mu mafaranga atabikoze ku gihe yagombaga kubikoraho. Uburenanzira buteganywa n’izi ngingo rero bukaba butandukanye n’ubwo muri uru rubanza uburenganzira ku ndishyi ari inkurikizi z’uburenganzira buteganywa n’ingingo ya 128 y’Itegeko N° 030/2021 ryo ku wa 30/06/2021 rigenga imitunganyirize y’umurimo w’ubwishingizi. [62] Urukiko rusanga inyungu BOLLORE TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS RWANDA Ltd yategetswe n’Urukiko rw’ubucuruzi mu mwanya w’indishyi zifite ishingiro, kuko, nk’uko rwabigaraje, kubera ubuteganye buke yagize, igomba gusubiza PRIME INSURANCE Ltd amafaranga yishyuye HORIZON LOGISTICS Ltd, kandi ikaba itarishyuriye igihe ayo mafaranga kuko yandikiwe na PRIME INSURANCE Ltd ariko ntiyishyure. Inyungu zikaba zigomba kubarwa guhera umunsi BOLLORE TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS RWANDA Ltd yahawe na PRIME INSURANCE Ltd ibaruwa y’integuza, ni ukuvuga ku wa 18/05/2022. Uru rukiko rukaba rwemeranya n’Urukiko rw’ubucuruzi ku bisobanuro rwatanze mu gika cya 33 na 34 by’urubanza

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rujuririrwa. Rusanga rero inyungu zingana na 3,929,203Frw zemejwe n’Urukiko rw’ubucuruzi zifite ishingiro, zikaba zitagomba gukurwaho.

c) Kumenya niba BOLLORE TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS RWANDA Ltd idakwiye kuryozwa amafaranga asabwa y’ibyakoreshejwe mu rubanza [63] Ababuranira BOLLORE TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS RWANDA Ltd bavuga ko bashingiye ku bisobanuro byatanzwe ku ngingo zabanjirije iyi, Bollore isanga amafaranga yatanzwe asobanurwa mu gika cya 38 cy’icyemezo cy’urukiko ataragombaga gutangwa ngo kuko isanga ikirego cya PRIME INSURANCE Ltd kidakwiye guhabwa ishingiro, ko ikwiriye kwirengera ingaruka zo kwishora mu manza. [64] Ababuranira PRIME INSURANCE Ltd bavuga ko BOLLORE TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS RWANDA Ltd isaba Urukiko ko mu gihe rwaba rwemeje ko ubujurire bwa BOLLORE TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS RWANDA Ltd nta shingiro bufite, rwakwemeza ko amafaranga angana na 620.000Frw yagenwe n’Urukiko mu rwego rwa mbere agumyeho.

UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA

[65] Impaka kuri iyi ngingo zishingiye ku kumenya niba BOLLORE TRANSPORT AND

LOGISTICS

RWANDA Ltd yari gucibwa n’Urukiko rw’ubucuruzi amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cy’Avoka. [66] Ingingo ya 111 y’Itegeko No 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi igira iti : « Ikirego cy’amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza ni ikirego gishamikira ku kirego cy’iremezo kigamije kwishyuza ibyakoreshejwe mu rubanza. Ikirego cy’amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza kiburanishirizwa rimwe n’ikirego cy’iremezo. Gishobora kandi kwakirwa kikanaburanishwa n’iyo ikirego cy’iremezo cyaba kitakiriwe ». [67] Iyi ngingo igaragaza ko buri muburanyi afite uburanganzira bwo gusaba amafaranga y’ibyo yatakaje mu rubanza. [68] Urukiko rushingiye ku biteganywa n’ingingo ya 111 y’Itegeko No 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 imaze kuvugwa hejuru, rukanashingira ku kuba rwasanze BOLLORE TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS RWANDA Ltd igomba gutegekwa kwishyura amafaranga yishyuzwa na PRIME INSURANCE Ltd nk’uko byemejwe n’Urukiko rw’ubucuruzi, rusanga amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cy’Avoka yategetswe n’Urukiko rw’ubucuruzi afite ishingiro, akaba agomba kugumaho.

d) Kumenya niba amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cy’Avoka PRIME INSURANCE Ltd yagenewe mu rubanza rwajuririwe yakongerwa [69] Ababuranira PRIME INSURANCE Ltd bavuga ko hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 152 y’Itegeko No 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano,

Page 19

iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, iteganya ko: “Uregwa mu rukiko rujuririrwa ashobora na we kugira ibyo asaba yiregura”, Prime Insurance ijuririye ingingo ijyanye y’amafaranga yari yasabwe y’ibyakoreshejwe mu rubanza rujuririrwa aho Prime yasabye igihembo cya Avoka kingana na 5.000.000Frw ndetse na 2.000.000Frw nk’uko igika cya 7 kigaragaza ko Prime yaburaniwe n’Abavoka babiri aribo Me BAGOMORA Charles na Me SHEMA Jose Martin, nyamara Prime ikaba yaratunguwe no gusanga mu gika cya 38 na 42 haragenwe indishyi zingana na 500.000Frw y’igihembo cya Avoka na 100.000Frw y’ikurikiranarubanza. Ko ibi bitumye Prime ijuririra icyo gihembo ku bavoka babiri bayiburaniye ngo kuko usibye kuba nta bushishozi burimo, hanatanzwe igihembo kiri munsi cyane y’igiteganywa n’itegeko.

UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [70] Amafaranga y’igihembo cy’Avoka ni amafaranga agenwa n’urukiko mu bushishozi bwarwo, rushingiye ku byo rwabonye mu rubanza. Ntabwo rero igihembo cy’Avoka kigomba gushingirwa ku kuba umuburanyi aburanirwa n’Abavoka benshi, cyane cyane ko ashobora gushaka Abavoka benshi bamuburanira atanashingiye ku miterere y’urubanza, ahubwo ashingiye ku bushake bwe no kuba ashoboye kubishyura. Urukiko rero nirwo rugena igihembo mu bushishozi bwarwo. Ibi bikaba bigaragazwa n’imanza nyinshi zaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga6. Urukiko rukaba rusanga igihembo Urukiko rw’ubucuruzi rwagennye kitagomba guhinduka, kuko rwakigennye mu bushishozi bwarwo.

e) Kumenya niba ababuranyi bahabwa amafaranga y’ibyakoreshwejwe mu rubanza mu bujurire [71] Ababuranira BOLLORE TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS RWANDA Ltd bavuga ko bashingiye ku ngingo ya 111 y’Itegeko No 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, basaba Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi gutegeka PRIME INSURANCE kwishyura BOLLORE TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS RWANDA Ltd amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza, igihembo cya Avoka ku rwego rwa mbere ndetse no mu bujurire ndetse no gusubizwa igarama yatanze mu bujurire bibazwe mu buryo bukurikira: Igihembo cya Avoka mu rwego rwa mbere n’urwa kabiri: 5,000,000Frw, Amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza mu rwego rwa mbere n’urwa kabiri: 1,000,000Frw, Igarama: 40,000Frw. [72] Ababuranira PRIME INSURANCE Ltd bavuga ko BOLLORE TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS RWANDA Ltd isaba igihembo cya Avoka mu rwego rwa mbere n’urwa kabiri, ko aya mafaranga asabwa na BOLLORE TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS RWANDA Ltd, BOLLORE TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS RWANDA Ltd Prime isanga nta shingiro afite cyane ko utatsindwa ngo nurangiza ubihemberwe, ko kandi yigiza nkana muri uru rubanza.

6 Reba urubanza RCOMA 0007/10/CS rwaciwe ku wa 06/05/2011 haburana UMWARI n’abandi na BRUSSELS AIRLINES; urubanza RS/INJUST/RC 00026/2022/SC rwaciwe ku wa 24/04/2023 haburana RUBAYIZA v SONARWA General Insurance Company Ltd; urubanza RS/INJUST/RC 00009/2022/SC rwaciwe ku wa 18/05/2023, haburana SANLAM AG Plc v UWIHANGANYE

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[73] Bavuga ko PRIME INSURANCE Ltd ishingiye ku ngingo y’110 na 111 y’Itegeko No 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi n’iya 34 y’amabwiriza No 01/2014 agena ibihembo mbonera by’abavoka, isaba Urukiko ko rwategeka BOLLORE TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS RWANDA Ltd kwishyura igihembo cy’avoka kingana na 2,000,000Frw na 1,000,000Frw y’ikurikiranarubanza kubwo gushorwa mu manza z’amaherere mu rwego rw’ubujurire.

UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA

[74] Ingingo ya 152 y’Itegeko No 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi igira iti: « Ubujurire bwuririye ku bundi Uregwa mu rukiko rujuririrwa ashobora na we kugira ibyo asaba yiregura. Ubujurire bwuririye ku bundi bukorwa n’uwarezwe mu bujurire bwerekeye ku wajuriye cyangwa ku bandi barezwe mu bujurire. Mu gihe ubujurire bw’ibanze butakiriwe, cyangwa bwasibwe, ntibibuza ko uregwa mu ubujurire asaba amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza. Ubujurire bwuririye ku bundi ntibutangirwa ingwate y’amagarama ». Ingingo ya 111 y’iryo tegeko igira iti : « Ikirego cy’amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza Ikirego cy’amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza ni ikirego gishamikira ku kirego cy’iremezo kigamije kwishyuza ibyakoreshejwe mu rubanza. Ikirego cy’amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza kiburanishirizwa rimwe n’ikirego cy’iremezo. Gishobora kandi kwakirwa kikanaburanishwa n’iyo ikirego cy’iremezo cyaba kitakiriwe ». [75] Urukiko rushingiye ku ngingo rumaze kuvuga mu gika kibanziriza iki, rukanashingira ko BOLLORE TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS RWANDA Ltd ariyo yajuriye, kandi rukaba rwasanze ubujurire bwayo nta shingiro bufite, rusanga ariyo igomba kuryozwa igihombo cyatewe n’uru rubanza, kuko iyo itajurira rutari kubaho.Ikaba rero itagomba guhabwa amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cy’Avoka yasabye, ahubwo ikaba igomba kwishyura PRIME INSURANCE Ltd amafaranga y’u Rwanda ibihumbi magana atanu (500,000Frw) y’igihembo cy’Avoka, n’ibihumbi ijana(100,000Frw) y’ikurikiranarubanza agenwe mu bushishozi bw’urukiko.

III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO [76] Rwemeje ko ubujurire bwa BOLLORE TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS RWANDA Ltd nta shingiro bufite. [77] Rwemeje ko ubujurire bwuririye ku bundi bwa PRIME INSURANCE Ltd nta shingiro bufite. [78] Rwemeje ko icyemezo gikurikira Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi rwafashe mu rubanza RCOM 01296/2023/TC rwajuririwe kidahindutse: « Rwemeye kwakira ikirego cya PRIME INSURANCE LTD rugisuzumye rusanga gifite ishingiro. Rwemeje ko BOLLORE TRANSPORT&LOGISTICS RWANDA LTD igomba kwishyura PRIME INSURANCE Ltd amafranga miliyoni maganatatu makumyabiri na zirindwi ibihumbi maganane mirongwitatu na bitatu na maganatanu

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mirongwinani (327,433,580Frw) y’indishyi yishyuwe HORIZON LOGISTICS Ltd. Rutegetse BOLLORE TRANSPORT&LOGISTICS RWANDA LTD guha PRIME INSURANCE Ltd inyungu zingana n’amafranga miliyoni eshatu n’ibihumbi maganacyenda makumyabiri n’icyenda na maganabiri n’atatu (3,929,203Frw). Rutegetse BOLLORE TRANSPORT&LOGISTICS RWANDA LTD guha PRIME INSURANCE Ltd amafranga ibihumbi ijana (100,000Frw) y’ikurikiranarubanza, amafranga ibihumbi maganatanu (500,000Frw) y’igihembo cya avoka n’amafranga ibihumbi makumyabiri (20,000Frw) y’igarama yatanze irega ». [79] Rutegetse BOLLORE TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS RWANDA Ltd kwishyura PRIME INSURANCE Ltd amafaranga y’u Rwanda ibihumbi magana atanu (500,000Frw) y’igihembo cy’Avoka, n’ibihumbi ijana (100,000Frw) y’ikurikiranarubanza. [80] Rwemeje ko ingwate y’amagarama yatanzwe na BOLLORE TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS RWANDA Ltd ihwanye n’ibyakozwe mu rubanza.