HAKUZIMANA V. KOPERATIVE COSETRAM IMPALA

HAKUZIMANA V. KOPERATIVE COSETRAM IMPALA

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2015-04-08 - Case/document no.: RCOMA 0067/14/HCC - Collection: Commercial High Court

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HAKUZIMANA V. KOPERATIVE COSETRAM IMPALA [Rwanda URUKIKO RUKURU RW’UBUCURUZI– RCOMA 0067/14/HCC (Mukamurera, J.) 08 Mata 2015] Amategeko agenga amakoperative – Kwemererwa kuba umunyamuryango wa koperative– Umuntu yemererwa kuba umunyamuryango ari uko yishyuye umugabane shingiro – Amategeko shingiro ya koperative COSETRAM IMPALA,ingingo ya 8. Amategeko agenga imiburanishirize y’imanza z’ubucuruzi – Ibimenyetso by’uko imisanzu yishyuwe – Ibimenyetso b’yuko imisanzu yishyuwe bigaragarira kuri lisiti yandikwamo abishyuye hamwe n’inyemezabwishyu z’abishyuye. Amategeko agenga amasezerano cyangwa imirimo nshinganwa – Indishyi – inyungu z’ubukererwe kubera gutinda gusubizwa umugabane– Ntabwo inyungu z’ubukererwe kubera gutinda guzubizwa umugabane zitangwa mu gihe igihe gitegenijwe ko zigomba gutangirwaho kitararenga– indishyi kubera guhagarikwa ku kazi – Ntabwo zitangwa iyo uzaka yaragiye asubira mukazi nyuma yo guhagarikwa – Kwongera kugena Amafaranga y’ikurikirana rubanza –Iyo

urukiko

rusanze

ko

ayari

yaragenwe

adakubiyemo,gutanga ikirego,imyanzuro,ibimenyetso,kuburana,urukiko rwongera kuyagena bundi bushya hiyongereyeho n’ayo mu bujurire. Incamake y’ikibazo: HAKUZIMANA yasezerewe mu muryango wa COSETRAM IMPALA ku ya 31/12/2012,yaje rero gutanga ikirego mu rukiko rw’ubucuruzi rwa Nyarugenge asaba gusubizwa imigabane shingiro, imisanzu, inyungu z’ubukererwe, amafaranga yari gukorera, ayo yatakaje, ikurikiranarubanza, indishyi z’akababaro n’inyungu z’umunyamuryango, COSETRAM IMPALA yashubije ko ayo mafaranga atatangwa kuko nta mugabane nta n’imisanzu uwareze yigeze atanga uretse umusanzu wa 1.800 Frw,Urukiko rwemeje ko agomba gusubizwa1 800 frw y’imisanzu yatanze, agahabwa na 30 000 fr yo gukurikirana urubanza. HAKUZIMANA yajuriye mu Rukiko rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi ku mpamvu z’uko: (1) Urukiko rwa mbere rwirengagije ibimenyetso bigaragaza ko yatanze umugabane shingiro(2) rukavuga ko yishyuye imisanzu ingana na 1 800 frw gusa rwirengagiza reçus yagaragaje yishyuriyeho imisanzu, HAKUZIMANA yaboneyeho gusaba ko yahabwa inyungu z’ubukererwe mu gusubizwa umugabane we, agahabwa 392 000 frw agizwe n’iminsi 56 akomoka ku gihe yagiye amara adakora yarirukanwe cyagwa yarahagaritswe mu buryo bw’akarengane, akajya agarurwa mu kazi ariko ntahabwe indishyi z’igihombo yatejwe,akanasubizwa amafaranga y’ukurikirana rubanza n’ibindi byose yatakaje arukurikirana,hamwe n’ Indishyi z’akababaro zijyanye n’uburyo yirukanywemo. Urubanza

rwaburanishijwe

COSETRAM

IMPALA

ititabye

kandi

yari yabimenyeshejwe ,bisabwe na HAKUZIMANA Urukiko rwemeye kuburanisha urubanza uregwa adahari. Incamake y’icyemezo: 1. Kugira ngo umuntu yemererwe kuba umunyamuryango wa COSETRAM-IMPALA ni uko aba yarishyuye umugabane shingiro,byumvikana ko nta muntu

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wakwitwa ko yari umunyamuryango wayo atarigeze yuzuza ibisabwa n’amategeko shingiro birimo no gutanga umugabane shingiro.

2. Mu gihe uwishyuza imisanzu ye aragagaje ko ari ku rutonde rwabishyuye imisanzu,akanagaragaza andi ma recus yagiye yihyuriraho imisanzu kabone nubwo ubwo bwishyu buba butagaragara kuyo yagiye yishyurwa,byumvikana yuko mu mibare y’imisanzu iba yarishyuwe uretse iba igaragara kuli liste y’abishyuye ariko nayo ma recu atagaragara aba agomba kwongerwa kuyishuwe.

3. Mu gihe Amategeko shingiro ya koperative ataganya ko umunyamuryango usezeye cyagwa wirukanwe asubizwa umugabane we mu gihe kitarenze umwaka,iyo igihe cyo kuyasubizwa kitararenga ntabwo yavuga ko yatinze kuyasubizwa kuburyo habaho kwongeraho inyungu z’ubukererwe. Mu gihe uwagiye ahagarikwa mu kazi ku mpamvu zitandukanye nyuma akakagarukaho agakora nta nicyo abajije,bigaragara ko ikibazo cyo guhagarikwa ku kazi kiba cyakemuwe mu bwumvikane,ntabwo rero yasubira inyuma ngo yishyuze amafaranga y’igihe yahagarikiwe ku kazi kubera yuko bamaze kumusezerera. Mu gihe urukiko rusanze ko amafaranga y’ikurikirana rubanza yari yaragenwe ku rwego rwa mbere ari make ku mpamvu zuko agaragaza ko adakubiwemo gutanga ikirego,gukora imyanzuro,gushaka ibindi bimenyetso,kuza kuburana byumvikana ko habaye gutakaza umubyizi,urukiko rwongera kuyagena bundi bushya hiyongereyeho n’ayo mu bujurire. Indishyi z’akababaro zijyane n’uburyo umuntu yirukanywemo zitangwa ari uko habayeho kuburana kugira ngo harebwe niba uwirukanye yarirukaniwe ubusa,iyo bitabayeho ntabwo izo ndishyi z’akababaro zitangwa. Ubujurire bufite ishingiro; Urubanza rwajuririwe rurahindutse; Amagarama y’urubanza aherereye k’Uwarezwe. Amategeko yashingiweho: Amategeko shingiro ya koperative COSETRAM IMPALA,ingingo ya 8; Nta manza zashingiweho. Urubanza INCAMAKE Y’IKIBAZO [1] HAKUZIMANA yari umunyamuryango wa COSETRAM IMPALA aza gusezererwa nkuko bigaragara mu ibaruwa imusezerera yo kuwa 31/12/2012. Hakuzimana yatanze ikirego mu rukiko rw’ubucuruzi rwa Nyarugenge asaba gusubizwa imigabane shingiro, imisanzu, inyungu z’ubukererwe, amafranga yari gukorera, ayo yatakaje, ikurikiranarubanza, indishyi z’akababaro n’inyungu z’umunyamuryango, byose hamwe bingana na 975 360 fr. COSETRAM IMPALA

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yavuze ko ntabyo yahabwa kuko ntamugabane yatanze n’imisanzu ntiyayishyuye uretse 1 800frw. Urukiko rwavuze ko ntamugabane HAKUZIMANA yishyuye, ko agomba gusubizwa 1 800 frw y’imisanzu yatanze, agahabwa na 30 000 fr yo gukurikirana urubanza. [2] HAKUZIMANA yajuriye muri uru rukiko avuga ko kurwego rwa mbere hirengagijwe ibimenyetso bigaragaza ko yatanze umugabane shingiro, ikindi ngo urukiko rwirengagije ibimenyetso bigaragaza imisanzu yatanze. Yasabye kandi ko yahabwa indishyi zose yari yasabye ku rwego rwa mbere. Izi ngingo z’ubujurire ntacyo COSETRAM IMPALA yazivuzeho kuko kuwa 13/02/2014 ubwo urubanza rwagombaga kuburanishwa, rwarasubitswe kuko HAKUZIMANA yari arwaye yifuza kujya kwamuganga, urukiko rurabimwemerera urubanza rwimurirwa kuwa 27/02/2014. Me NSABIMANA J. Baptiste wari uhagarariye COSETRAM IMPALA yasinyiye iyo tariki, ariko igeze ntiyitaba ntan’impamvu yamenyesheje urukiko,bisabwe na HAKUZIMANA urukiko ruburanisha urubanza uregwa adahari (art. 57 CPCCSA). ISESENGURA RY’IBIBAZO BIGIZE URUBANZA Urukiko rugiye gusuzuma ibijyanye n’iyishyurwa ry’umugabane shingiro , rusuzume n’ibijyanye n’imisanzu yishyuwe kimwe n’indishyi zisabwa. I. Ese HAKUZIMANA yaba yarishyuye umugabane shingiro [3] HAKUZIMANA avuga ko urukiko rwirengagije ibimenyetso bigaragaza ko yatanze umugabane shingiro, harimo nko kuba yarahawe ikarita y’umunyamuryango, kuba mu mabaruwa menshi yandikiwe

ntanahamwe yabwiwe ko atishyuye umugabane shingiro, kuba yarasabye inguzanyo bakamusubiza ko bizigwa n’inama rusange igafata umwanzuro, ngo akaba atari gusaba inguzanyo kandi atarishyuye umugabane kandi nabo ntibigeze bavuga ko dossier ye itakwigwa kuko ntamugabane yatanze. Kuba yaranditse amabaruwa menshi akiyambaza n’inzego zitandukanye agaragaza imikorere mibi ya koperative, ibyo akaba atari kubikora atari umunyamuryango wuzuye kandi ntibyari gukurikiranwa ntamugabane yatanze, ntanuwigeze amubwira ko ntaruhare afite kuko atatanze umugabane, ibyo byose ngo urukiko ntirwabisuzumye kuko rwari kubona ko ari umunyamuryango wuzuye kandi watanze umugabane we. [4] Urukiko rusanga ingingo ya 8 y’amategeko shingiro ya COSETRAM-IMPALA ivuga ko imwe mu mpamvu zo kugirango umuntu yemerwe nk’umunyamuryango ari uko agomba kuba yarishyuye umugabane shingiro. Kuba rero HAKUZIMANA yari umunyamuryango wa COSETRAM kugeza asezerewe bigaragaza ko yari yujuje ibisabwa ngo yitwe umunyamuryango, kandi ntacyagaragajwe cg igisobanuro cyatanzwe cyagaragaza impamvu yaba yari umunyamuryango kandi atujuje ibisabwa. Nkuko abisobanura kandi yagiye yandika amabaruwa ndetse ajyera no mu buyobozi agaragaza ko koperativa yaba ikora nabi. Ntabwo COSETRAM igaragaza inyungu yari kuba afite akurikirana ibyo bintu kandi ntamugabane afitemo. No mumabaruwa bagiye bamusubiza, ndetse n’inshuro zose bamuhagarikaga akongera akagaruka ntanahamwe bavuvuze ko atishyuye umugabane. Kuba HAKUZIMANA atagaragara ku rutonde rw’abatanze umugabane wa 20 000 frw ntagaciro byahabwa kuko ntacyemeza ko abari kurwo rutonde aribo bonyine bishyuye cyane ko aho bishyuriye hatagaragazwa kandi hari n’abishyuye 30 000 frw mbere bitarahinduka kandi bo ntaho bagaragara. Ikindi ni uko habaye

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inama ya COSETRAM kuwa 01/11/2012, aho bemezaga ko umugabane ukuwe kuri 30 000 frw ugashyirwa kuri 20 000 frw, ariko ibyo HAKUZIMANA ntiyabyemeye kuko yasabye ko abamaze kwishyura 30 000 frw basubizwa arengaho ariko ntiyabyemererwa. Aha hakaba hakwibazwa ukuntu yaba atarishyuye akaba uwambere usaba gusubizwa arenga kuri 20 000 frw yemejwe. Ibi ahubwo bigaragaza ko ari umwe mubishyuye umugabane wa 30 000 frw akaba ariwo agomba kugarurirwa. II. Kubijyanye n’imisanzu HAKUZIMANA yishyuye [5] HAKUZIMANA avuga ko urukiko rwavuze ko yishyuye imisanzu ingana na 1 800 frw gusa rwirengagiza reçus yagaragaje yishyuriyeho imisanzu, ikaba ariyo mpamvu asaba gusubizwa 22 200 frw y’imisanzu yatanze. [6] Urukiko rusanga ku rwego rwa mbere haremejwe ko HAKUZIMANA yishyuye 1 800 frw hashingiwe kuri liste yagaragajwe y’abishyuye n’uko bishyuye, nyamara ntirwagira icyo ruvuga kuri reçus zagaragajwe na HAKUZIMANA yishyuriyeho imisanzu, kandi nuwo baburana akaba atarigeze azihakana, bityo zikaba zigomba guhabwa agaciro cyane cyane ko bigaragara ko hari ubwo COSETRAM ishobora kuba itarandikaga neza abishyuye bose, nkuko bigaragara mu nyandiko mvuguo y’inama yo kuwa 01/11/2012 aho umwe mubanyamuryango yagaragaje ko atari kuri liste y’abishyuye umusanzu kandi afite reçus yishyuriyeho, bamubwira ko bagiye kubikurikirana vuba. Bityo na HAKUZIMANA akaba atabarirwa amafranga y’imisanzu ari kuri liste gusa,

ahubwo yabarwa hashingiye kuri izo reçus yagaragaje yishyuriyeho kandi zitahakanwe n’uwo baburana, zikaba ziriho 13 200 frw, akaba ariyo agomba gusubizwa, aho kuba 22 200 frw yasabye kuko yo atayagaragarije ibimenyetso. III. Kubijyanye n’indishyi zisabwa [7] HAKUZIMANA avuga ko yahabwa umugabane we n’imisanzu yatanze, agahabwa 5 160 frw y’inyungu z’ubukererwe, agahabwa 392 000 frw agizwe n’iminsi 56 akomoka ku gihe yagiye amara adakora yarirukanwe cg yarahagaritswe mu buryo bw’akarengane, akajya agarurwa mu kazi ariko ntahabwe indishyi z’igihombo yatejwe. Yavuze kandi ko urukiko rwambere rwamugeneye amafranga make y’ikurikiranarubanza akaba asaba ko yakongerwa akaba 150 000 frw aho kuba 30 000 frw yagenewe kuko yatakaje byinshi birimo amafranga yo gutanga ikirego, gusiragira mu nzego z’ubuyobozi no mu nkiko, imibyizi yatakaje adakora ndetse n’ibyamutunze muri izo ngendo zose. Yasabye n’indishyi z’akababaro zingana na 300 000 frw ndetse na 20 000 fr wy’inyungu y’umunyamuryango mu myaka itandatu ishize. [8] Urukiko rusanga inyungu z’ubukererwe asaba atazihabwa kuko ingingo ya 14 y’amategeko shingiro ya koperative ivuga ko umunyamuryango usezeye cg wirukanwe asubizwa umugabane we mu gihe kitarenze umwaka. Ikigaragara rero ni uko HAKUZIMANA yatanze ikirego umwaka utararangira, bityo ntan’ubukererwe bwari bwakabaho kuko bwari kubaho iyo arenza umwaka atarishyurwa akabona kurega. [9] Amafranga yari gukorera nayo ntiyayahabwa kuko iyo minsi yagiye ahagarikwamo, barumvikanaga akagaruka agakora ntacyo abajije, bityo bikaba bigaragara ko babaga bakemuye ikibazo mu bwumvikane, akaba atasubira inyuma ngo ayishyuze ari uko bamaze kumusezerera.

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[10] Amafranga y’ikurikiranarubanza n’ibindi byose yatakaje akurikiranye urubanza, urukiko rusanga 30 000 frw yagenewe ku rwego rwa mbere ari make, kubera ko gutanga ikirego, agakora imyanzuro agashaka n’ibindi bimenyetso byose yakoresheje mu rubanza, akaza kuburana kandi agatakaza imibyizi yo gukora ntagire icyo yinjiza muri icyo gihe, bigaragara ko 30 000 frw yagenewe ari make, bityo uru rukiko rukaba rusanga yahabwa 50 000 frw ku rwego rwa mbere, na 100 000 frw wmu bujurire. [11] Indishyi z’akababaro zijyanye n’uburyo yirukanywemo, uru rukiko rusanga atazihabwa kuko uburyo yirukanywemo ntibwigeze buburanwaho ngo bigaragare ko yirukaniwe ubusa abiherwe indishyi, icyaburanwe kandi cyari cyaregewe ni ugusubizwa ibye hamwe n’inyungu ndetse n’ibyo yatakaje muri iki kibazo, bikaba aribyo byasuzumwe bityo bikaba ari nabyo byafashweho icyemezo gusa. Naho inyungu z’umunyamuryango mu myaka itandatu nazo ntazo yahabwa kuko atigeze agaragaza uburyo iyo koperative yaba yarungutse maze n’urukiko ngo rubone aho ruhera rumugenera izo nyungu niba zarabayeho. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO [12] RWEMEJE ko ubujurire bwa HAKUZIMANA bufite ishingiro. [13] RWEMEJE ko agomba gusubizwa 30 000 frw y’umugabane shingiro, na 13 200 frw y’imisanzu yishyuye, agahabwa 50 000 frw y’ikurikiranarubanza n’ibyo yahombye kubera urubanza ku rwego rwa mbere, naho mu bujurire agahabwa 100 000 frw, yose hamwe akaba 193 200 frw. [14] RWEMEJE ko urubanza rwajuririwe ruhindutse. [15] RUTEGETSE Koperative COSETRAM IMPALA kwishyura HAKUZIMANA J.M.V. 193 200frw, ikishyura n’amagarama y’urubanza angana na 10 600 frw.