INGABIRE v. KARASIRA N’ABANDI

# INGABIRE v. KARASIRA N’ABANDI

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2024-11-15 - Case/document no.: RS/INJUST/RC00006/2022/CA - Collection: Court of Appeal

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INGABIRE v. KARASIRA N’ABANDI [Rwanda URUKIKO RW’UBUJURIRE – RS/INJUST/RC00006/2022/CA (Munyangeri, J. P., Ngagi na Kamere, J.) 15 Ugushyingo 2024] Amategeko agenga imiburanishirize y’imanza zisabirwa gusubirishwamo ku mpamvu z’akarengane – Amasezerano y’ubwumvikane – Ingaruka z’amasezerano y’ubwumvikane – Amasezerano y’ubwumvikane ababuranyi bashyizeho umukono, akemura ikibazo bari bafitanye, agasoza urubanza rwari hagati yabo ndetse akaba agomba kubahirizwa n’abayagiranye. Incamake y’ikibazo: Ingabire yareze mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Gasabo asaba kuzungura isambu yasizwe n’ababyeyi be bitabye Imana bazize Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu w’1994. Iyo sambu yari yaragurishijwe na Karasira, igice kimwe cyaraguzwe na Mukakarangwa, ikindi na Twagiramungu. Yareze nyuma y’uko bagiranye amasezerano yo gucyemura ikibazo cyabo mu bwumvikane ariko ntiyubahirizwa. Abaregwa muri uru rubanza barireguye, aho Mukakarangwa avuga ko igice atuyemo yakiguze n’umuntu wari ugifitiye icyangombwa na we wari warakiguze na Karasira, bityo akaba ataramenye ko uwo mutungo wasizwe n’Ababyeyi ba Ingabire. Twagiramungu na we yireguye avuga ko aho atuye yahaguze n’uwari warasigaye mu mitungo ya bene wabo ari we Karasira, akaba atarazi Ingabire. Karasira yabanje gutanga inzitizi yo kutakira ikirego cya Ingabire ahakana ko atari umwana wa Ryaziga na Kampeta, ariko urwo Rukiko rwazabibona ukundi rukazemeza ko hari amasezerano Ingabire yagiranye n’abo batuye mu butaka bw’iwabo akaba ariyo yagombaga kuregera aho kuregera izungura. Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwafashe icyemezo kuri iriya nzitizi yari yatanzwe na Karasira, rwemeza ko ari umwana wa Ryaziga na Kampeta, ko afite uburenganzira bwo kuregera iyo sambu. Bityo, rwemeza ko Mukakarangwa na Twagiramungu bagomba guha Ingabire amafaranga angana na gaciro k’ubwo butaka batuyemo, naho Karasira akabasubiza ayo mafaranga batanze. Abaregwa ntibishimiye icyo cyemezo maze bakijuririra mu Rukiko Rukuru, Twagiramungu na Mukakarangwa bavuga ko batagombaga gutegekwa guha Urega ariya mafaranga kuko ubutaka babuguze batazi ko ari ubwa ababyeyi be. Ikindi ni uko hashingirwa ku masezerano yo kwikiranura bose bari bagiranye ku wa 13/08/2015 aho bari baremeranyije ko bafatanya kumusubiza amafaranga angana na miliyoni imwe n’ibihumbi magana atanu (1,500,000Frw), buri wese agatanga amafaranga ibihumbi magana atanu (500,000 Frw). Ingabire yireguye avuga ko izo mpamvu z’ubujurire zitahabwa ishingiro, kubera ko yari afite uburenganzira bwo kuzungura umutungo wasizwe n’ababyeyi be. Urukiko Rukuru rwaciye urwo rubanza, rwemeza ko ubujurire bw’Abaregwa bufite ishingiro, ko urubanza rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye ruhindutse mu ngingo zarwo zose. Ibi byatumye Ingabire asaba ko rusubirishwamo ku mpamvu z’akarengane arabyemererwa, maze ruburanishwa n’uru Rukiko rw’Ubujurire. Mu gihe cy’iburanisha, uru Rukiko rwabanje gushishikariza aba baburanyi gucyemura ikibazo bafitanye mu bwumvikane ariko bibanza kunanirana ntibagera ku gisubizo nyacyo bituma bongererwa igihe cyo gukomeza kugirana ibiganiro bikemura ikibazo bafitanye. Impande zombi zageze aho zirumvikana bemeranywa ko bacyemuye ikibazo cyabo mu bwumvikane, maze bakorana amasezerano bose bayashyiraho umukono. Bityo, ayo masezerano bagiranye n’iyo uru Rukiko rw’Ubujurire rwasuzumye rureba ingaruka y’ayo ku rubanza bari bafitanye. Incamake y’icyemezo: Amasezerano y’ubwumvikane ababuranyi bashyizeho umukono, akemura ikibazo bari bafitanye, agasoza urubanza rwari hagati yabo ndetse akaba agomba kubahirizwa n’abayagiranye.

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Amasezerano y’ubwumvikane asoje urubanza, akaba agomba kubahirizwa. Amagarama aherera ku isanduku ya Leta. Amategeko yashingiweho: itegeko No 45/2011 ryo ku wa 25/11/2011 rigenga amasezerano, ingingo ya 64. Itegeko No15/2004 ryo ku wa 12/06/2004 ryerekeye ibimenyetso mu manza n’itangwa ryabyo, ingingo ya 3. Imanza zifashishijwe: RS/INJUST/RC 00007/2023/CA, Kayitesi Claudine, Gaperi Elie, Uwimana Patricie na Mukanukusi Charlotte, Rutagarama Alphonse, Akarere ka Rwamagana, Murenzi Jean Bosco, Musinguzi K. Hannington, Niyonsenga Augustin, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 28/06/2024. Urubanza I. IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA [1] Ryaziga Jean Damascène na Kampeta Marie Louise, ababyeyi ba Ingabire Gisèle bishwe mu mwaka wa 1994 bazize Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi, basiga isambu irimo inzu. Ingabire Gisèle avuga ko Karasira Jean Claude, musaza we wo kwa se wabo yaje kugurisha iyo sambu, ubu igice kimwe cyayo kikaba kiri mu maboko ya Mukakarangwa Alexia, ikindi mu ya Twagiramungu Erneste, ko mu mwaka wa 2015 bakemuye icyo kibazo mu bwumvikane, bemeranya ko bazamuha amafaranga angana na miliyoni imwe n’ibihumbi magana atanu (1,500,000Frw), biza kurangira batayamuhaye, bituma atanga ikirego mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Gasabo asaba gusubizwa no kuzungura imitungo yasizwe n’ababyeyi be yigabijwe na Karasira Jean Claude akayigurisha atabifitiye uburenganzira. [2] Mukakarangwa Alexia yireguye avuga ko igice atuyemo yakiguze na Nkusi Alphonse na we wari warakiguze na Karasira Jean Claude, akaba nta makuru bari bafite yerekeranye n’uko uwo mutungo waba warahoze ari uw’ababyeyi ba Ingabire Gisèle, kandi ko mu gihe yakiguraga nta nzu yari irimo, bakaba bataranigeze bumvikana ko bagomba guha Ingabire Gisēle amafaranga angana na miliyoni imwe n’ibihumbi magana atanu (1,500,000Frw). [3] Mu myanzuro yo kwiregura, Twagiramungu Erneste yavuze ko umutungo afite yawuguze na Karasira Jean Claude wigaragazaga nk’uwasigaye mu mitungo ya bene wabo bishwe muri Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu mwaka wa 1994, akaba atari azi Ingabire Gisēle. [4] Mu myanzuro ya Karasira Jean Claude, yabanje gutanga inzitizi yo kutakira ikirego cya Ingabire Gisèle avuga ko nta kigaragaza ko ari mwene Ryaziga Jean Damascène na Kampeta Marie Louise, Urukiko rwabibona ukundi, rukazemeza ko hari amasezerano Ingabire Gisēle yagiranye n’abari muri uwo mutungo, aho bemeranyije ko bazamusubiza amafaranga miliyoni imwe n’ibihumbi magana atanu (1,500,000Frw), ngo akaba ariyo yagombaga kuregera aho kuregera izungura. [5] Karasira Jean Claude na Twagiramungu Erneste ntibitabiriye iburanisha kandi barahamagawe mu buryo bwemewe n’amategeko, Urukiko rufata umwanzuro wo kuburanisha urubanza badahari, hashingirwa ku bikubiye mu myanzuro bari baratanze. [6] Mu rubanza RC00120/2019/TGI/GSBO rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Gasabo ku wa 20/09/2019, urwo Rukiko rushingiye ku cyangombwa cy’uwacitse ku icumu cyahawe Ingabire Gisēle kigaragaza ko ari mwene Ryaziga Jean Damascēne na Kampeta Marie Louise, rwasanze inzitizi yatanzwe na Karasira Jean Claude nta shingiro ifite, rwanzura ko Ingabire Gisēle afite ububasha bwo kuregera

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umutungo uburanwa. Rushingiye kandi ku ngingo ya 3 y’Itegeko No 15/2004 ryo ku wa 12/06/2004 ryerekeye ibimenyetso mu manza n’itangwa ryabyo, rwemeje ko: - ikirego cya Ingabire Gisēle gifite ishingiro; - Mukakarangwa Alexia na Twagiramungu Erneste baha Ingabire Gisēle amafaranga miliyoni makumyabiri (20,000,000Frw) ahwanye n’agaciro k’umutungo we baguze; - Karasira Jean Claude asubiza Mukakarangwa Alexia na Twagiramungu Erneste buri wese amafaranga miliyoni icumi (10,000,000Frw); - abaregwa bose baha Ingabire Gisēle indishyi zingana n’amafaranga miliyoni icumi (10,000,000Frw). [7] Karasire Jean Claude, Mukakarangwa Alexia na Twagiramungu Erneste bajuririye urwo rubanza mu Rukiko Rukuru, Karasira Jean Claude avuga ko hasuzumwa amasezerano yo kwikiranura yo ku wa 13/08/2015 ngo kuko bari biyemeje gufatanya gusubiza Ingabire Gisēle amafaranga angana na miliyoni imwe n’ibihumbi magana atanu (1,500,000Frw) kandi ko atagurishije uwo mutungo agamije kumugirira nabi, ahubwo yari agamije kumushakira ibimutunga. [8] Mukakarangwa Alexia yajuriye avuga ko batari bakwiye gutegekwa gusubiza Ingabire Gisēle amafaranga angana na miliyoni makumyabiri (20,000,000Frw) ngo kubera ko yaguze n’uwari ufite icyangombwa cy’umutungo cyemewe n’amategeko, akaba atarigeze amenya ko ubutaka yaguze bwahoze ari ubw’ababyeyi ba Ingabire Gisēle ndetse ko hasuzumwa amasezerano yo ku wa 13/08/2015 aho bari baremeranyije ko bafatanya kumusubiza amafaranga angana na miliyoni imwe n’ibihumbi magana atanu (1,500,000Frw) buri wese agatanga amafaranga ibihumbi magana atanu (500,000Frw). Yashoje asaba guhabwa amafaranga y’ibyagiye ku rubanza. [9] Twagiramungu Erneste yajuriye avuga ko batagombaga gutegekwa kwishyura amafaranga miliyoni makumyabiri (20,000,000Frw) kandi ubutaka yaguze atari azi ko bwari ubw’ababyeyi ba Ingabire Gisēle ndetse ko yabuguze hari n’umuvandimwe wa Karasira Jean Claude witwa Nyamurangwa. [10] Ingabire Gisēle yireguye avuga ko izo mpamvu z’ubujurire zitahabwa ishingiro, kubera ko yari afite uburenganzira bwo kuzungura umutungo wasizwe n’ababyeyi be. [11] Mu rubanza RCA00425/2019/HC/KIG rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru ku wa 28/01/2021, urwo Rukiko rushingiye ku ngingo ya 64 y’Itegeko No 45/2011 ryo ku wa 25/11/2011 rigenga amasezerano, no ku bikubiye mu nyandiko yo ku wa 19/08/2015, rwemeje ko: - ubujurire bwatanzwe na Karasira Jean Claude, Mukakarangwa Alexia na Twagiramungu Erneste bufite ishingiro; - ikirego cyatanzwe ku bireba Mukakarangwa Alexia kitagombaga kwakirwa ku rwego rwa mbere; - amasezerano y’ubugure bw’umutungo uvugwa muri urwo rubanza yabaye hagati ya Karasira Jean Claude na Twagiramungu Erneste agumaho; - urubanza RC00120/2019/TGI/GSBO rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Gasabo ku wa 20/09/2019 ruteshwa agaciro mu ngingo zarwo zose; - nta ndishyi zigomba gutangwa muri urwo rubanza; - amagarama yatanzwe ahera mu Isanduku ya Leta.

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[12] Ingabire Gisēle yandikiye Perezida w’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire asaba ko urubanza RCA00425/2019/HC/KIG rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru ku wa 28/01/2021 rusubirishwamo ku mpamvu z’akarengane, uyu abikorera raporo Perezida w’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga, maze mu cyemezo nimero 113/CJ/2022 cyo ku wa 11/08/2022, yemeza ko rusubirwamo ku mpamvu z’akarengane, rukazaburanishwa n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire. Urwo rubanza rwanditswe kuri RS/INJUST/RC00006//2022/CA, maze nyuma y’imihango ntegurarubanza yose, hemezwa ko ruzaburanishwa ku wa 06/03/2024. [13] Uwo munsi ababuranyi baritabye, Ingabire Gisēle ahagarariwe na Me Nkurunziza Jean Damascēne afatanyije na Me Rusanganwa Jean Claude, Mukakarangwa Alexia yunganiwe na Me Mukaruzagiriza Chantal, Twagiramungu Erneste yunganiwe na Me Karenzi Jean Paul, Karasira Jean Claude yunganiwe na Me Niyonsenga Vincent, Urukiko rubagira inama yo kurangiza ikibazo mu bwumvikane, impande zose zirabyemera, iburanisha rirasubikwa, bamenyeshwa ko ubwumvikane nibudashoboka urubanza ruzaburanishwa ku wa 20/03/2024, uwo munsi Me Nkurunziza Jean Damascēne asaba ko iburanisha risubikwa kubera ko yari yagize ibyago byo gupfusha umuvandimwe we, ryimurirwa ku wa 25/03/2024. [14] Uwo munsi ababuranyi bose baritabye, Ingabire Gisēle ahagarariwe na Me Habimana Innocent, Me Rusanganwa Jean Claude na Me Kagame Kimonyo Alexis, Mukakarangwa Alexia yunganiwe na Me Mukaruzagiriza Chantal, Twagiramungu Erneste yunganiwe na Me Karenzi Jean Paul, Karasira Jean Claude yunganiwe na Me Niyonsenga Vincent. Basobanuye uko ibiganiro byo kumvikana byagenze, Urukiko rusanga batarabigejeje ku musozo ku buryo hafatwa umwanzuro wo kuvuga ko byananiranye, bongererwa igihe cyo gukomeza ibyo biganiro, ubwumvikane bwananirana rukaburanishwa ku wa 16/04/2024. [15] Uwo munsi ababuranyi bose baritabye, Ingabire Gisēle ahagarariwe na Me Habimana Innocent, Me Rusanganwa Jean Claude na Me Kagame Kimonyo Alexis, Mukakarangwa Alexia yunganiwe na Me Mukaruzagiriza Chantal, Twagiramungu Erneste yunganiwe na Me Karenzi Jean Paul, Karasira Jean Claude yunganiwe na Me Niyonsenga Vincent, bamenyesha Urukiko ko ubwumvikane butashobotse, Urukiko rufata umwanzuro wo kuburanisha urubanza mu mizi, iburanisha rirapfundikirwa, ababuranyi bamenyeshwa ko icyemezo cy’urukiko kizasomwa ku wa 26/04/2024. [16] Uwo munsi isomwa ry’urubanza ryarasubitswe kubera ko hari ibyari bigisuzumwa, ryimurirwa ku wa 31/05/2024, Urukiko rufata icyemezo cyo kuzakora iperereza ryo kugera ku kiburanwa ababuranyi bose bahari ku wa 11/06/2024, uwo munsi iperereza rirakorwa. [17] Nyuma yo kubona imiterere y’ibikorwa Twagiramungu Erneste na Mukakarangwa Alexia bashyize ku butaka baguze, rwongeye gusobanurira ababuranyi inyungu zo gukemura ikibazo bafitanye mu bwumvikane, bumvikana na rwo ko ruzabafasha gukemura icyo kibazo mu bwumvikane, bamenyeshwa ko ibiganiro by’ubwumvikane bizaba ku wa 12/11/2024. Uwo munsi abafitanye ikibazo bitabiriye iyo gahunda, ibiganiro birangira bemeye kurangiza ikibazo bafitanye mu bwumvikane, bagira n’ibyo bemeranya mu masezerano bakoreye imbere y’Urukiko. [18] Ikibazo kigiye gusuzumwa n’ukumenya ingaruka z’amasezerano y’ubwumvikane yabaye hagati y’ababuranyi ku rubanza RS/INJUST/RC00006/2022/CA rwari mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire. II. ISESENGURA RY’IKIBAZO KIGIZE URUBANZA 1. Kumenya ingaruka z’amasezerano y’ubwumvikane yabaye hagati y’ababuranyi ku rubanza RS/INJUST/RC00006/2022/CA rwari mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire [19] Ikibazo nk’iki cyatanzweho umurongo mu rubanza RS/INJUST/RC00007/2023/CA rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 28/06/2024, haburana Kayitesi Claudine, Gaperi Elie, Uwimana Patricie

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na Mukanukusi Charlotte, Rutagarama Alphonse, Akarere ka rwamagana, Murenzi Jean Bosco, Musinguzi K. Hannington, Niyonsenga Augustin. Muri urwo rubanza, Urukiko rwafashishe ababuranyi mu biganiro byo kurangiza ikibazo bari bafitanye mu bwumvikane, birangira bumvikanye, rwanzura ko ayo masezerano y’ubwumvikane ababuranyi bashyizeho umukono, akemuye ikibazo bari bafitanye kandi ko asoje urubanza RS/NJUST/RC00007/2023/CA rwari hagati yabo ndetse akaba agomba kubahirizwa n’abayagiranye. [20] No muri uru rubanza, ku wa 12/11/2024, Urukiko rwafashije Ingabire Gisēle, Karasira Jean Claude, Twagiramungu Erneste na Mukakarangwa Alexia, gukemura mu bwumvikane impaka bari bafitanye, maze nyuma y’ibiganiro, bemeranya ibikurikira: a. Uregwa Mukakarangwa Alexia yemeye inzira y’ubwumvikane kugira ngo ikibazo cy’urubanza bari bafitanye kirangire mu bwumvikane, ko azishyura Ingabire Gisēle miliyoni ebyiri (2,000,000Frw) bitarenze ku itariki ya 28/02/2025 akayishyura kuri konti azamenyeshwa na INGABIRE Gisēle bitarenze ku itariki 15/01/2025 kandi iri mu mazina ye; b. uregwa Twagiramungu Erneste yemeye inzira y’ubwumvikane kugira ngo ikibazo cy’urubanza bari bafitanye kirangire mu bwumvikane ko azishyura Ingabire Gisēle miliyoni eshatu (3,000,000Frw) bitarenze ku itariki ya 28/02/2025 akayishyura kuri konti azamenyeshwa na Ingabire Gisēle bitarenze ku itariki ya 15/01/2025 kandi iri mu mazina ye; c. Karasira Jean Claude yemeye inzira y’ubwumvikane kugira ngo ikibazo cy’urubanza bari bafitanye kirangire mu bwumvikane, ko azishyura Ingabire Gisēle ibihumbi ijana na mirongo itandatu (160,000Frw) bitarenze ku itariki 28/02/2025 akishyura kuri konti azamenyeshwa na Ingabire Gisēle bitarenze ku itariki 15/01/2025 kandi iri mu mazina ye; [21] Kubera izo mpamvu, uru Rukiko rwemeje ko aya masezerano y’ubwumvikane yashyizweho umukono n’abagiranye ibiganiro ku wa 12/11/2024 bavuzwe haruguru, akemuye ikibazo bari bafitanye kandi akaba asoje urubanza RS/INJUST/RC00006/2022/CA rwari mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire hagati ya Ingabire Gisēle, Karasira Jean Claude, Twagiramungu Erneste na Mukakarangwa Alexia kandi akaba agomba kubahirizwa n’impande zose zayashyizeho umukono. III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO [22] Rutegetse ko aya masezerano y’ubwumvikane yabaye ku wa 12/11/2024, hagati ya Ingabire Gisēle, Karasira Jean Claude, Twagiramungu Erneste na Mukakarangwa Alexia, asoje urubanza RS/INJUST/RC00006/2022/CA rwari mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire kandi akaba agomba kubahirizwa. [23] Ruvuze ko amafaranga y’amagarama y’urubanza aherera ku Isanduku ya Leta.