KAYIRABA v UMUJYI WA KIGALI

# KAYIRABA v UMUJYI WA KIGALI

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2024-10-11 - Case/document no.: RADA 00068/2019/HC/KIG - Collection: High Court

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KAYIRABA v UMUJYI WA KIGALI [Rwanda URUKIKO RUKURU - RADA 00068/2019/HC/KIG (Hitimana, P.J.) 11 Ukwakira 2024] Amategeko agenga imanza z’ubutegetsi - Kuvanaho icyemezo cy’ubutegetsi – Imyubakire – Ibihano bitangwa ku muntu wubatse anyuranyije n’ibyo yaherewe uburenganzira bwo kuvugurura – Kubaka inyubako unyuranyije n’ibyo waherewe uburenganzira bwo kuvugurura ntabwo bihita bihanishwa igihano cyo kuyikuraho, ahubwo uwayubatse acibwa amande. Amategeko agenga imanza z’ubutegetsi – Amakosa yo mu myubakire – Ibihano – Gushyira mu bikorwa icyemezo cy’ubuyobozi - Iyo hafashwe icyemezo gitegeka gusenya inyubako hashingiwe ku bihano biteganyirijwe uwakoze ikosa ryo kubaka nta burenganzira ariko mu gihe kitarashyirwa mu bikorwa, hagasoka iteka riteganya ko igihano cyo gusenya gisimbuwe no gucibwa amande, hubahirizwa ibikubiye mu iteka rishya. Incamake y’ikibazo: Uru rubanza rwatangiriye mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge Kayiraba asaba urukiko gutegeka Umujyi wa Kigali gukuraho icyemezo cyafashwe n’Umuyobozi w’Akarere ka Kicukiro gitegeka isenywa ry’inyubako ziri mu kibanza gifite UPI:1/03/04/03/1117 ngo kuko atubahirije igihe yahawe cyo gukora ibyo yari yasabwe kandi nta gihe ntarengwa yigeze ahabwa. Umujyi wa Kigali wavugaga ko impamvu hafashwe icyemezo cyo gusenya izo nyubako ari uko hari inyubako yongeyemo itari muzo yaherewe uburenganzira bwo kubaka. Urukiko rwasanze ikirego nta shingiro gifite rwemeza ko icyemezo cy’Ubuyobozi cyaregewe kigumanye agaciro. Urega yajuririye icyo cyemezo mu Rukiko Rukuru, hasuzumwa ikibazo cyo kumenya niba nyuma y’uko urega aciwe amande ndetse akanategekwa ibyo agomba gukosora yari no kongera guhabwa ikindi gihano mu gihe nta bindi bikorwa by’ubwubatsi yongeye gukorera ku nyubako ze. Kayiraba asobanura ko ikosa ryo kubaka inyubako ataherewe uburenganzira yarihaniwe agacibwa amande ya Frw 500.000 bityo ko kongera guhabwa ikindi gihano cyo gukuraho iyo nyubako byaba ari akarengane dore ko nyuma yo guhanwa no gutegekwa gukosora igishushanyo cy’inyubako ze, nta yindi mirimo y’Ubwubatsi yigeze akora. Umujyi wa Kigali uvuga ko urega yubatse inyubako nta ruhushya afite, acibwa amande, nyuma y’uko yanze kubahiriza ibyo yari yasabwe yandikirwa ibaruwa asabwa gusenya inyubako zose yubatse nta ruhushya kuko yazubatse mu buryo bunyuranije n’amategeko bityo icyemezo cyafashwe n’Urukiko rwisumbuye kikaba nta nenge gifite. Incamake y’icyemezo: 1. Kubaka inyubako unyuranyije n’ibyo waherewe uburenganzira bwo kuvugurura ntabwo bihita bihanishwa igihano cyo kuyikuraho, ahubwo uwayubatse acibwa amande; 2. Iyo hafashwe icyemezo gitegeka gusenya inyubako hashingiwe ku bihano biteganyirijwe uwakoze ikosa ryo kubaka nta burenganzira ariko mu gihe kitarashyirwa mu bikorwa, hagasoka iteka riteganya ko igihano cyo gusenya gisimbuwe no gucibwa amande, hubahirizwa ibikubiye mu iteka rishya.

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Ubujurire bufite ishingiro. Amategeko yashingiweho: Iteka rya Minisitiri n° 03/cab.m/019 ryo ku wa 15/04/2019 rishyiraho amabwiriza ajyanye n’imitunganyirize y’Imijyi n’imyubakire, umugereka wa 4. Amategeko yifashishijwe atagikoreshwa: Iteka rya Minisitiri NO04/Cab.M/015 ryo ku wa 18/05/2015 rishyiraho amabwiriza ajyanye n’imitunganyirize y’Imijyi amakosa yo mu myubakire n’ibihano byayo mu rwego rw’ubutegetsi, ingingo ya 32. Nta manza zifashishijwe Urubanza I. IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA [1] Uru rubanza rwatangiriye mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge, Me Dusenge Vestine uburanira Kayiraba Kamili Florence asaba uru rukiko gukuraho icyemezo kiri mu ibaruwa N00418/07.0103.01/18 yo kuwa 20/02/2018 cyafashwe n’Umuyobozi w’Akarere ka Kicukiro gitegeka isenywa ry’inyubako ziri mu kibanza gifite UPI:1/03/04/03/1117, cya Kayiraba Kamili Florence kuko ngo icyo cyemezo cyafashwe Ubuyobozi bw’Akarere ka Kicukiro buvuga ko yatinze gushyira mu bikorwa ibyo bari bamusabye gukosora bijyanye n’inyubako, nyamara ngo nta gihe ntaregwa yigeze ahabwa; ngo akaba ariyo mpamvu yiyambaje urukiko kugira ngo rumurenganure rukuraho icyemezo cyavuzwe haruguru ngo anahabwe n’indishyi z’akababaro nk”uko yazigaragaje mu mwanzuro we. [2] Me Safari Vianney waburaniraga Akarere ka Kicukiro we yaburanye avuga ko icyemezo kiri mu ibaruwa No0418/07/01/18 gitegeka isenywa ry’inyubako ziri mu kibanza UPI: 1/03/04/03/117 za Kamili Kayiraba Florence cyafashwe bitewe nuko ngo hari inyubako yubatse muri iki kibanza atigeze aherwa ibyangombwa byo kubakwa nkuko ngo raporo yo kuwa 06/11/2017 y’ubugenzuzi bwakozwe n’Umujyi wa Kigali yabigaragaje, yoshoje asaba kudaha agaciro ikirego cye, ko ahubwo urukiko rwamutegeka guha Akarere ka Kicukiro amafaranga angana na million eshatu 3,000,000 z’ikurikiranarubanza kuko ngo kashowe mu manza z’amaherere nyamara ngo azi neza ko yubatse binyuranyije n’amategeko. [3] Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge rwemeye kwakira no gusuzuma ikirego rwashikirijwe na Kayiraba Kamili Frorence, nyuma yo kugisuzuma rwasanze nta shingiro gifite; Rwakijije ko Kayiraba Kamili Frorence atsinzwe. Rwemeje ko nta mpamvu nimwe urukiko rwabonye yatuma rukuraho icyemezo gikubiye mu ibaruwa no 0418/07.0103.01/18 yo kuwa 20/02/2018 cyafashwe n’umuyobozi w’akarere ka Kicukiro gitegeka isenywa ry’inyubako ziri mu kibanza gifite UPI:1/03/04/03/1117 cya Kayiraba Kamili Frorence yubatse atabiherewe uruhushya. Rwategetse Kayiraba Kamili Florence guha Akarere ka Kicukiro mu izina ry’umuyobozi wako amafaranga y’u Rwanda angana n’ibihumbi magana arindwi [700.000Frws] agizwe n’ay’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cy’avoat. Rwemeje kandi ko amafaranga ibihumbi

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50.000Frws Kayiraba Kamili Florence yatanzeho ingwate y’igarama aregera uru rukiko ahwanye n’ibyakozwe muri uru rubanza. [4] Kayiraba Kamili Frorence ntiyishimiye icyemezo cyafashwe n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge, asaba uru rukiko gusuzuma niba nyuma yo gucibwa amande ndetse akanategekwa ibyo agomba gukosora Kayiraba Kamili Frorence yari no kongera guhabwa ikindi gihano mu gihe nta bindi bikorwa by’ubwubatsi yongeye gukorera ku nyubako ze? Gusuzuma niba mu ibaruwa No. Ref.5285/07.01.17/17 yo kuwa 05/04/2017 hari igihe ntarengwa Kayiraba Kamili Frorence yari yahawe kugirango abe arangije ibyo bari bamubwiye gukosora mu mushinga we? Gusuzuma niba hari indishyi zagombaga gutangwa muri uru rubanza.

II. ISESENGURA RY’IBIBAZO BIGIZE URUBANZA

1. Gusuzuma niba nyuma yo gucibwa amande ndetse akanategekwa ibyo agomba gukosora Kayiraba Kamili Frorence yari no kongera guhabwa ikindi gihano mu gihe nta bindi bikorwa by’ubwubatsi yongeye gukorera ku nyubako ze?

[5] Kayiraba Kamili Frorence avuga ko atagombaga guhabwa ikindi gihano cyo gusenya inyubako ze kandi yarabihaniwe, bityo ibyo Urukiko rwahereyeho ruvuga ko ntaho rwahera ruvanaho icyemezo no 0418/07.0103.01/18 cyo kuwa 20/02/2018 cyafashwe n’Umuboyobozi w’Akarere ka Kicukiro, bikaba bikwiriye gukosorwa n’Urukiko Rukuru kuko mu gika cya 13 cy’uru rubanza rujuririrwa, kuko Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwemeje ko Kayiraba Kamili Frorence yaciwe amande ya 500,000 Frw, bigaragara ko narwo rwemera ko iryo kosa yarihaniwe bityo rero akaba atakongera guhanwa ku ikosa rimwe, dore ko yarugaragarije ko nyuma yo guhanwa, no gutegekwa gukosora igishushanyo cy’inyubako ze, nta yindi mirimo y’Ubwubatsi yigeze akora; Ibyo byanagaragaye mu ibaruwa no ya Ref. 4/02/07.01.17/18 yo kuwa 09/03/018 y’umuyobozi w’Umujyi wa KigalI ku itakamba rya Kayiraba Kamili Frorence, aho uyu muyobozi yavuze ko impamvu itakamba rye ridahawe agaciro ari uko yishyuye amande gusa ariko ntiyihutire gukosora no gusubiramo imiterere y’inyubako ze, ngo kandi yarahawe igihe gihagije, bisobanura ko impamvu mu mwaka wa 2018, yategetswe gusenya inyubako ze ari uko yatinze gokosora ibyo bari bamutegetse, nyamara nk’uko yabigaragaje muri iyo baruwa akaba nta gihe ntarengwa yari yahawe, ariyo mpamvu asaba Urukiko rwajuririwe kongera gusuzuma icyo kibazo. [6] Me Safari Jean Vianney uhagarariye Umujyi wa Kigali avuga ko Madam Florence yatanze ikirego mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa TGI Nyarugenge asaba urukiko gukuraho icyemezo kiri mu ibaluwa no 0418/07/01/18 gitegeka isenwa ry’inyubako ziri mu kibanza UPI: 1/03/04/03/117, za Kamili Kayiraba Florence. Kayiraba Kamili Florence avuga ko mu mumwaka wa 2012 yasabye uruhushya no 00173/10/04/2018 mu kibanza nimero 1117 rwo kuvugurura amazu ari muri icyo kibanza, ku wa 22/03/2016 yandikiwe n’Ubuyobozi bw’Akarere ka Kicukiro, muri iyo baruwa Ubuyobozi bw’Akarere bwa musabaga guhagarika imirimo y’ubwubatsi ikorerwa mu kibanza no 1117 giherereye mu Karere ka Kicukikro – Umurenge wa Kagarama-AKagali ka Rukatsa-

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Umudugudu wa Taba kugira ngo hasuzumwe ubuziranenge bw’Inyubabako, ibyo byose ariko abivuga yirengagije ko yubatse inzu nta byongombwa. Ibyo avuga ko yaganye inzego zirimo ubugenzuzi bw’Imiturire y’Umujyi wa Kigali, nyuma yo kujya ahokorerwa imirimo y’ubwubatsi ku nyubako ze bagasanga yarubatse inyubako zidafite ibyangombwa yaciwe amande angana na 500,000 frw. Madam Kayiraba Frolence nubwo yandikirwaga n’ubuyobozi ariko ntabushake yigeze agira bwo gukora ibyo ubuyobozi b’umusaba ahubwo yakomeje kubaka amazu ntabyongombwa. Ku wa 20/2/2018 ubuyobozi bw’Akarere bwanditse ibaluwa y’iswe: Gukuraho inyubako wubatse udafite ibyangombwa, muri iyi baluwa ubuyobozi bwandikiye Madam Frolence Kayirabwa bumusaba gukuraho inyubako zose yubatse nta byangombwa mu gihe k’iminsi itanu. Ku wa 22/2/2018 Umuyobozi wa Akarere yongeye kwandika ibaruwa yo kwihanangiriza Madam Frolence Kayiraba, muri iyi baruwa yamusabaga gukuraho inyubako zose yubatse ntabyangombwa, amusaba kandi kubwira abantu bakodesha aya mazu gushaka ahandi bimukira vuba. Madam Kayiraba yakomeje kwinangira yanga gukuraho inyubako nkuko ubuyobozi bw’Akarere bwabitegetse. [7] Uhagarariye Umujyi wa Kigali avuga ko Kayiraba Kamili Florence yakoze ikosa no 1.2 ryo kubaka inzu nta byangombwa ritegankwa n’umugereka wa II w’Iteka rya minisitiri NO04/Cab.M/015 ryo ku wa 18/05/2015 ryo ku wa 18/5/2015 rishyiraho amabwiriza ajyanye n’imitunganyirize y’Imijyi amakosa yo mu myubakire n’ibihano byayo mu rwego rw’ubutegetsi hakurikijwe ibyiciro by’inyubako zakorewemo amakosa, Ni muri urwo rwego inyubako zose zubatswe ntaruhushya zigomba gusenwa kugira ngo hubahirizwe ibitegankwa n’amategeko.

Uko Urukiko rubibona [8] Muri iyi ngingo y’ubujurire, icyo Kayiraba Kamili Florence anenga ku mikirize y’urubanza rwajuririwe, ni uko yaciwe amande yo kuba kuvugurura inyubako yari yaherewe uburenganzira hari ibyo yakoze bidahuje n’ubwo burenganzira, hejuru y’ayo mande agasabwa no gukuraho inyubako, we akaba yumva gucibwa amande byari bihagije mu gihe Umujyi wa Kigali wo uvuga ko ibyo bihano byo gukuraho inyubako aribyo bikurikije amategeko ku wubatse nta byangombwa yahawe. [9] Urukiko rurasanga nk’uko bigaragara mu gika cya 13 cy’urubanza rwajuririwe, icyo Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwashingiyeho, rwemeza ko icyemezo Kayiraba Kamili Florence yasabaga ko kivanwaho kitavanwaho, rwashingiye ku kuba hari ibyo yubatse atabiherewe uburenganzira. N’ubwo Urukiko rutagaragaje amategeko yerekeranye n’imyubakire rushingiyeho, ariko nk’uko Umujyi wa Kigali wabisobanuye, muri iki gihe Kayiraba Kamili Florence yagatirwaga icyemezo, mu mwaka wa 2018, hakurikizwaga Iteka rya Minisitiri No 04/Cab.M/015 ryo ku wa 18/05/2015 ryo ku wa 18/5/2015 rishyiraho amabwiriza ajyanye n’imitunganyirize y’Imijyi amakosa yo mu myubakire n’ibihano byayo mu rwego rw’ubutegetsi. Ingingo ya 32 y’iri teka rya minisitiri, yateganyaga ko “Umuntu wese cyangwa ishyirahamwe rifite ubuzima gatozi ukoze ikosa ryo mu myubakire, ahanishawa ibihano byo mu rwego rw’ubutegetsi biteganyijwe ku mugereka wa III w’iri teka, hakurikijwe ibyiciro by’inyubako zakoreweho amakosa biteganywa n’iteka ribigenga”. Muri uyu mugereka, mu bihano biteganyijwe ku muntu wakoze inyubako atubahirije uburenganzira yahawe, harimo igihano cyo gucibwa amande, gishobora kujyana no gusabwa gukuraho inyubako yakoze nta burenganzira, cyane cyane iyo inyubako inyuranyije

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n’igishushanyo mbonera. Mu Iteka rya Minisitiri N° 03/cab.m/019 ryo ku wa 15/04/2019 rishyiraho amabwiriza ajyanye n’imitunganyirize y’Imijyi n’imyubakire, umugereka wa 4 uteganya ibihano, igiteganyijwe ni uko uwubatse nta burenganzira acibwa amande, agasabwa guhagarika imirimo, agasaba uburenganzira agasubukura imirimo ari uko amaze kwemererwa. N’ubwo Kayiraba Kamili Florence yari yasabwe gukuraho inyubako yari yakoze atubahirije uburenganzira yari yahawe, byumvikana ko iri teka ryasohotse inyubako zitaravaho. Bityo aho gutegekwa kuzikuraho nk’uko byari byategetswe mu ibaruwa 20/2/2018, ahubwo yasaba uburenganzira agakomeza imirimo ye akurikije ibisabwa n’igishushanyo mbonera n’imyubakire y’ahantu arimo kubaka.

2. Gusuzuma niba mu ibaruwa No. Ref.5285/07.01.17/17 yo kuwa 05/04/2017 hari igihe ntarengwa Kayiraba Kamili Frorence yari yahawe kugirango abe arangije ibyo bari bamubwiye gukosora mu mushinga we? [10] Kayiraba Kamili Frorence avuga ko igisubizo akaba ari uko nk’uko bigaragara muri iyo baruwa nta gihe ntarengwa yari yahawe cyo kurangiza ibyo yari yasabwe gukosora, hakiyongeraho nuko yagize ikibazo cyo kwishyura umwenda yari yahawe na Banki, bityo iyi ikaba ari impamvu itunguranye yatumye aba ahagaritse gukosora uwo mushinga kugirango abanze yishyure Banki kuko yari igiye kumutereza cyamunara iyo mitungo ye; Ibi rero bikaba bivuguruza ibyo Umuyobozi w’Umujyi yanditse mu ibaruwa isubiza ku itakamba, aho avuga ko impamvu akwiriye gusenyerwa ari uko atigeze agira Ubushake bwo gukosora ibyo yasabwe, ngo nyamara yarahawe igihe gihagije; Bityo iki cyemezo cyo gusenya izo nyubako kikaba cyari gikwiriye kuvanwaho kuko nta mpamvu n’imwe igaragaza amakosa ya Kayiraba Kamili Frorence cyashingiweho gifatwa. [11] Me Safari Vianney Uhagarariye Umujyi wa Kigali avuga ko Madam Kayiraba yahawe icyangombwa Ref NO:00173/10/04/2012 cyo guhindura inyubako zisanzwe mu kibanza; icyo cyangombwa cyaje guta agaciro inyubako zitararangira asaba kongererwa igihe maze ahabwa imyaka itatu yo kurangiza inyubako mu ruhushya Ref. KCPS-CP- KIC/NOOO1436/20/05/2015 agendeye kubishushanyo byemejwe mbere ariko Kayiraba yahinduye ingano y'ikibanza aho yacyaguye kiba kinini. Madam Kayiraba yubatse anyuranyije nibyo yemerewewe ndetse yubaka nandi mazu mashya shya ntaruhushya ayubaka aho ikibanza cyaguriwe.

Uko Urukiko rubibona [12] Urukiko rurasanga iyi ngingo y’ubujurire yasubijwe hasuzumwa ingingo ya mbere, kuko icyo Kayiraba Kamili Florence yari agamije ni uko inyubako ze adategekwa kuzisenya, ahubwo yasabwa guhuza n’igishushanyo mbonera, kandi ibyo nibyo byemejwe ku ngingo ya mbere y’ubujurire, bityo ntabwo ari ngombwa gusuzuma niba hari igihe ntarengwa yarengeje, cyane cyane ko uhagarariye Umujyi wa Kigali agaragaza ko ikibazo ari uko yarenze imbago z’ikibanza yari yaherewe uburenganzira bwo kucyubakamo agafata mu kindi kibanza.

3. Gusuzuma niba hari indishyi zagombaga gutangwa muri uru rubanza.

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[13] Kayiraba Kamili Frorence avuga ko igisubizo kikaba ari uko nta ndishyi Akarere ka Kicukiro gakwiriye guhabwa muri uru rubanza kuko ariko karenganyije Kayiraba Kamili Frorence kamutegeka gukuraho izo nyubako kandi iryo kosa yaramaze kurihanirwa; Ahubwo akaba asaba Urukiko Rukuru kumugenera indishyi yari yasabye ku rwego rwa mbere zingana na 200,000Frw n’igihembo cy’Avocat kingana na 1000,000Frw, ndetse na 50,000Frw yatanzeho ingwate arega, hiyongeyeho igihembo cy’avocat ku rwego rw’ubujurire kimwe n’ingwate y’amagarama ya 40,000 Frw yatanze ajurira. [14] Me Safari Vianney Uhagarariye UmuKayiraaba yaubatse anyuranyije n\amategeko agenga imyibakire bituma afatitwa ibihano akaba arinawe wazanye umujyi wa Kigali murubanza akaba agomba kubitangira indishyi.

Uko Urukiko rubibona [15] Urukiko rurasanga nta ndishyi Kamili Florence yategekwa gutanga kubera ko ibyo Umujyi wa Kigali wamusabaga byo gusenya bitagihuje n’amategeko. Gusuzuma niba ababuranyi bakwiye guhabwa indishyi basaba. [16] Me Safari Vianney Uhagarariye Umujyi wa Kigali arasaba indishyi zo gushorwa mumanza, amafaranga y'ikurikiranarubanza n'igihembo cy'Avoka ku rwego rw'ubujurire angana na 2,000,000 frw. [17] Kayiraba Kamili Frorence avuga ko adakwiye kuyatanga ahubwo Umujyi wa Kigali niwo ukwiye kumuha igihembo cya Avoka kingana na 2,000,000 frw n’ indishyi z’ akababaro zingana na 5,000,000 frw kubera umushinga we wadindiye kandi ari amafaranga y’inguzanyo ya Banki. [18] Urukiko rurasanga amafaranga y'ikurikiranarubanza n'igihembo cy'Avoka ku rwego rw'ubujurire angana na 2,000,000 frw Umujyi wa Kigali usaba ntayo wahabwa kubera ko ubujurire bwa Kayiraba Kamili Florence bufite ishingiro. N’amafaranga y’igihembo cya Avoka kingana na 2,000,000 frw n’indishyi z’akababaro zingana na 5,000,000 frw kubera umushinga we wadindiye kandi ari amafaranga y’inguzanyo ya Banki, ntayo yahabwa kuko urubanza rushingiye ku kuba ariwe utarubahirije ibyo yari yumvikanye n’Akarere ka Kicukiro (Umujyi wa Kigali), bityo ntiyahabwa indishyi kandi ariwe wakoze amakosa.

III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO [19] Rwemeje ko ubujurire bwa Kamili Florence bufite ishingiro. [20] Rwemeje ko ubujurire bwuririye ku bundi bw’Umujyi wa Kigali nta shingiro bufite. [21] Rutegetse ko imikirize y’urubanza rwajuririwe ihindutse kuri byose. [22] Rutegetse ko icyemezo gikubiye mu ibaruwa N0.0418/07.0103.01/18 yo kuwa 20/02/2018 cyafashwe n’Umuyobozi w’Akarere ka Kicukiro gitegeka isenywa ry’inyubako ziri mu kibanza

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gifite UPI:1/03/04/03/1117 cya Kayiraba Kamili Frorence yubatse atabiherewe uruhushya gikuweho. [23] Rwemeje ko amafaranga 700.000 y’igihembo cya Avoka n’ikurikiranarubanza, Kayiraba Kamili Florence yari yategetswe guha Akarere ka Kicukiro (Umujyi wa Kigali) avanyweho. [24] Rutegetse ko amafaranga yatanzweho ingwate y’amagarama ahwanye n’ibyakozwe mu rubanza.