LETSHEGO RWANDA Ltd v. DUSABIMANA N’ UNDI

LETSHEGO RWANDA Ltd v. DUSABIMANA N’ UNDI

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2022-02-16 - Case/document no.: RCOMA 00527/2022/HCC - Collection: Commercial High Court

Text

Page 1

LETSHEGO RWANDA Ltd v. DUSABIMANA N’ UNDI [Rwanda Urukiko Rukuru rw’ Ubucuruzi – RCOMA 00527/2022/HCC (Nkurunziza, P.J.,) 16 Gashyantare 2022] Amategeko agenga imiburanishirize y’ imanza z’ ubucuruzi – Itambama – Gutambamira ihinduzamutungo ry umutungo bitimukanwa – Nubwo ingingo y itegeko itanga uburenganzira bwo gusaba itambama, urisaba agomba kugira ibyo agaragaza kugirango ryemerwe. Icya mbere nuko agomba kugaragaza ko hari umwenda aregera aberewemo na nyir’umutungo utambamirwa. Bitewe nuko urubanza rw‘uberewemo umwenda rutaraba ndakuka cyangwa se ngo abe afite indi nyandikompesha yashingirwaho umwenda wishyuzwa ku neza cyangwa ku gahato, niho ahera asaba gutambamira ihinduzamutungo ry’ibintu bitimukanwa by’umubereyemo umwenda, kugirango ibyo bintu bizifashishwe mu kwishyura – Itegeko N° 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, ingingo ya 213 n’ iya 185. Incamake y’ ikibazo: Letshego Rwanda Ltd ivuga ko yahaye uwitwa Dusabimana Emmanuel ideni yagombaga kwishyura mu migabane 24, atanga ingwate, ariko ko yaje kunanirwa kwishyura, bituma umutungo yatanzeho ingwate ugurishwa mu cyamunara, ariko ntiwavamo ubwishyu bwayo bwose. Letshego Rwanda Ltd yatanze itanze ikirego mu Rukiko rw’Ubucuruzi, yongera itanga ikirego cyihutirwa isaba Urukiko gutegeka itambamira ry’ihinduranya ry’imitungo itimukanwa

ya Dusabimana mu gihe hagitegerejwe icyemezo ku kirego cy’iremezo. Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi rwaciye urubanza rwemeza ko ikirego cya Letshego Rwanda Ltd kidafite ishingiro, rwemeza ko nta mpamvu zihutirwa zigaragarizwa ibimenyetso zashingirwaho hemezwa itambama ryasabwe na Letshego Rwanda Ltd. Letshego Rwanda Ltd ntiyishimiye imikirize y’urubanza irujuririra mu Rukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi isaba ko hasuzumwa niba hagomba gushyirwa itambamira ry’ihinduranya (Opposition à mutation) ku mitungo ya Dusabimana. LETSHEGO RWANDA Plc isaba Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi gukosora amakosa yakozwe ku rwego rubanza kuko rwasesenguye nabi ingingo zijyanye no gutambamira ihinduzamutungo ry’ibintu bitimukanwa ndetse n’iz’ irebana n’ibirego byihutirwa bituma rugera ku mwanzuro utariwo. Incamake y’ icyemezo: 1.Nubwo ingingo y itegeko itanga uburenganzira bwo gusaba itambama, urisaba agomba kugira ibyo agaragaza kugirango ryemerwe. Icya mbere nuko agomba kugaragaza ko hari umwenda aregera aberewemo na nyir’umutungo utambamirwa. Bitewe nuko urubanza rw‘uberewemo umwenda rutaraba ndakuka cyangwa se ngo abe afite indi nyandikompesha yashingirwaho umwenda wishyuzwa ku neza cyangwa ku gahato, niho ahera asaba gutambamira ihinduzamutungo ry’ibintu bitimukanwa by’umubereyemo umwenda, kugirango ibyo bintu bizifashishwe mu kwishyura.

2. Kuba usaba itamba yaba aberewemo umwenda na na nyir’umutungo utambamirwa, ntibihagije kugirango itamba ryemezwe. Uberewemo umwenda afite n’inshingano zo kugaragaza ko umubereyemo umwenda yarigisa cyangwa ko ashaka kwikuraho umutungo we agamije kutishyura uwo abereyemo umwenda.

Page 2

3.Utambamira akwiye kuba agaragaza impamvu irenze kukuba ayibereyemo umwenda, yatuma yamburwa uburenganzira bwo kugurisha, gutiza, gutangwa cyangwa gutangaho ingwate umutungo we.

Page 3

Ubujurire nta shingiro. Ingwate y’amagarama aherereye ku isanduku ya Leta. Amategeko yashingiweho: Itegeko N° 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, ingingo ya 213 n’ iya 185. Nta manza zifashishijwe.

Urubanza

I. IMITERERE Y’ URUBANZA [1] Letshego Rwanda Ltd yatanze ikirego mu Rukiko rw’Ubucuruzi ivuga ko hakurikijwe amasezerano y’inguzanyo yo ku wa 15/09/2014, Letshego Rwanda Ltd yahaye Dusabimana Emmanuel ideni ringana na 17.000.000 frw, akaba yaragombaga kuyishyura mu migabane 24, akarangiza tariki 15/09/2016, ko hatanzwe n‘ingwate, ariko ko

Page 4

Dusabimana Emmanuel yaje kunanirwa kwishyura, bituma umutungo yatanzeho ingwate ugurishwa mu cyamunara, ariko ntiwavamo ubwishyu bwayo bwose, ko kugira ngo yizere ko izabona ubwishyu bwayo, itanze iki kirego kihutirwa isaba Urukiko gutegeka itambamira ry’ihinduranya ry’imitungo itimukanwa ya Dusabimana Emmanuel mu gihe hagitegerejwe icyemezo ku kirego cy’iremezo ku mwenda uregerwa mu rubanza RCOM 00721/2022/TC. [2] Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi rwaciye urubanza rwemeza ko ikirego cya Letshego Rwanda Ltd kidafite ishingiro, rwemeza ko ari nta mpamvu zihutirwa zigaragarizwa ibimenyetso zashingirwaho hemezwa itambama ryasabwe na Letshego Rwanda Ltd, rutegeka ko Letshego Rwanda Ltd idasubizwa 20.000 frw yatanzeho ingwate y’amagarama irega. [3] Letshego Rwanda Ltd ntiyishimiye imikirize y’urubanza irujuririra mu Rukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi isaba ko hasuzumwa niba hagomba gushyirwa itambamira ry’ihinduranya (Opposition à mutation) ku mitungo ya Dusabimana Emmanuel na Mukangoga Pélagie iri mu bibanza bifite UPI : 1/03/01/02/2085 kiri Kiyanja, Kagasa, Gahanga, Kicukiro na UPI : 1/03/01/02/2961. [4] Iburanisha ry’urubanza mu bujurire ryabereye mu ruhame kuwa 9/9/2022, Letshego Rwanda Ltd iburanirwa na Me Munyangabe Henri Pierre, Dusabimana Emmanuel na Mukangoga Pélagie urubanza ruburanishwa badahari, ariko baratumijwe nk’ababarizwa ahatazwi.

I. Ibibazo biri mu rubanza n’isesengura ryabyo  Kumenya niba hagomba gushyirwaho itambamira ry’ihinduranya (Opposition à mutation) ku mitungo ya Dusabimana Emmanuel na Mukangoga Pélagie iri mu bibanza bifite UPI : 1/03/01/02/2085 kiri Kiyanja, Kagasa, Gahanga, Kicukiro na UPI : 1/03/01/02/2961

Page 5

[5] Me Munyangabe Henri Pierre uburanira LETSHEGO RWANDA Plc isaba Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi gukosora amakosa yakozwe ku rwego rubanza kuko rwasesenguye nabi ingingo zijyanye no gutambamira ihinduzamutungo ry’ibintu bitimukanwa ndetse n’izirebana n’ibirego byihutirwa bituma rugera ku mwanzuro utariwo. [6] Akomeza avuga ko mu ngingo Urukiko rubanza rwirengagije nkana ndetse ntirwigera runayikomozaho na gato, harimo iya 74, 2° y’Itegeko N° 27/2021 ryo ku wa 10/06/2021 rigenga ubutaka ivuga ko ‘’Umuntu ushaka kwandikisha itambamira ry’ihererekanya ry’ubutaka ashyikiriza ubusabe mu nyandiko umubitsi w’inyandikompamo z’ubutaka iyo hari icyemezo cy’urukiko gitegeka gutambamira ubutaka’’. Iyi ngingo ikaba igaragaza ko kugira ngo hashyirweho itambamira ku mitungo itimukanwa hagomba urubanza byanze bikunze. Anavuga ko indi ngingo rwirengagije ari iya 213 CPCCSA ivuga ko ‘’Uberewemo umwenda wese cyangwa umuntu wese ubifitemo inyungu, ashobora gusaba Umubitsi w’Inyandikompamo z’ubutaka kubuza umubereyemo umwenda gukora ihinduzamutungo ry’ibintu bye bitimukanwa. Icyakora iyo ataregeye umwenda we mu Rukiko mu gihe kitarenze ukwezi kumwe (1) abisabye, ikibazo cye kigamije gutambamira ihinduzamutungo kiburiramo’’. [7] Akomeza avuga ko ingingo zombi zavuzwe zuzuzanya kandi zigaragaza ko ibyavuzwe mu gika cya 6 cy’urubanza rujuririrwa ko nta kimenyetso LETSHEGO RWANDA Plc yatanze

kigaragaza ko abaregwa bashaka kugurisha imitungo bigomba guteshwa agaciro, kuko ntaho Banki yigeze ivuga ko bashaka kugurisha imitungo yabo. Anavuga ko igisabwa ari ukugaragaza niba hari ikirego cy’iremezo kiregera umwenda usigaye kwishyurwa, kandi icyo kirego kirahari kuko gifite RCOM 00721/2022/TC. [8] Avuga ko ibyavuzwe n‘Urukiko rubanza ko nta bwihutirwe Banki yagaragaje, ko ari ukwirengagiza nkana ibisobanuro rwahawe kuko gutambamira ihererekanya ry’uwo mutungo ubwabyo byonyine bisaba ubwihutirwe kugirango mu gihe LETSHEGO RWANDA Plc yaramuka

Page 6

itsinze urubanza rw’umwenda yaregeye itazabura aho ikura ubwishyu bwayo. Asoza avuga ko mu gihe hagitegerejwe icyemezo cy’urukiko ku rubanza rw’iremezo, Urukiko rwategeka ko habaho itambamira ry’ihinduranya (Opposition à mutation) ry’imitungo itimukanwa ya Dusabimana Emmanuel na Mukangoga Pélagie iri mu bibanza bifite UPI : 1/03/01/02/2085 kiri Kiyanja, Kagasa, Gahanga, Kicukiro na UPI : 1/03/01/02/2961 kiri Nyagafunzo, Kagasa, Gahanga, Kicukiro, Umujyi wa Kigali kugeza urubanza RCOM 00721/2022/TC ruciwe burundu.

UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [9] Ingingo ya 185 y’Itegeko N° 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi igira iti: “Iyo hari ikirego cy’iremezo, ariko hagomba kugira icyemezwa by’agateganyo mu buryo bwihuta ku rubanza rwaregewe urukiko rutaraburanishwa, ikirego cyihutirwa gishyikirizwa umucamanza ushinzwe kurangiza impaka zihutirwa w`aho zigombagukemurirwa hakurikijwe uburyo busanzwe bw’ihamagara. Ikirego cyihutirwa gitangwa mu buryo bumwe n'ubw'ikirego gisanzwe“. [10] Ingingo ya 213 y’iryo tegeko ikavuga ko: “ Uberewemo umwenda wese cyangwa umuntu wese ubifitemo inyungu, ashobora gusaba Umubitsi w’inyandikompamo z’ubutaka, ushinzwe ubutaka ku Murenge cyangwa ku Karere w’aho ikitimukanwa kiri kubuza umubereyemo umwenda gukora ihinduzamutungo ry’ibintu bye bitimukanwa. Icyakora iyo ataregeye umwenda we mu Rukiko mu gihe kitarenze ukwezi kumwe (1) abisabye, ikibazo cye kigamije gutambamira ihinduzamutungo kiburiramo“. [11] Ingingo ya 74 y’Itegeko N° 27/2021 ryo ku wa 10/06/2021 rigenga ubutaka igira iti: “Umuntu ushaka kwandikisha itambamira ry’ihererekanya ry’ubutaka ashyikiriza ubusabe, mu nyandiko, umubitsi w’inyandikompamo z’ubutaka iyo: 1º ubutaka butambamirwa

Page 7

ari bwo burebwa n’ikibazo; 2º hari icyemezo cy’urukiko gitegeka gutambamira ubutaka. Umubitsi w’impapurompamo akuraho itambamira ry’ihererekanya ry’ubutaka iyo hari kimwe muri ibi bikurikira: 1º icyemezo cy’urukiko gitegeka ivanwaho ry’itambamira kuri ubwo butaka; 2º ubusabe bw’uwandikishije itambamira kuri ubwo butaka. Icyakora, uretse itambamira rikozwe n’urukiko, umubitsi w’impapurompamo amaze kumva impande zombi, itambamira ryatanzwe iyo bigaragaye ko ridafite ishingiro, arikuraho“. [12] Mu gika cya 6 cy’urubanza rujuririrwa, Urukiko rwasanze nta kimenyetso na kimwe Letshego Rwanda Ltd igaragaza muri urwo rubanza cy‘uko Dusabimana Emmanuel ashaka kugurisha imitungo itambamirwa mu gihe cya vuba, kandi urukiko rutamukekera ko ashaka kuyigurisa ntacyo rushingiyeho, uburiganya (mauvaise foi) kuri iyo mitungo bwagombye kugaragazwa. [13] Ingingo ya 213 y’Itegeko N° 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 yavuzwe hejuru, iha uburenganzira uberewemo umwenda bwo gusaba ko ihinduzamutungo ry’ibintu bitimukanwa by’umubereyemo umwenda ritambamirwa. Iyi ngingo ikaba igamije kurengera uburewemo umwenda utishingiwe, kugirango umutungo w‘umubereyemo umwenda uzakoreshwe igihe cyo kwishyurwa kigeze. [14] Nubwo iyi ngingo itanga ubwo burenganzira bwo gusaba itambama, urisaba agomba kugira ibyo agaragaza kugirango ryemerwe. Icya mbere nuko agomba kugaragaza ko hari umwenda aregera aberewemo na

nyir’umutungo utambamirwa. Bitewe nuko urubanza rw‘uberewemo umwenda rutaraba ndakuka cyangwa se ngo abe afite indi nyandikompesha yashingirwaho umwenda wishyuzwa ku neza cyangwa ku gahato, niho ahera asaba gutambamira ihinduzamutungo ry’ibintu bitimukanwa by’umubereyemo umwenda, kugirango ibyo bintu bizifashishwe mu kwishyura. [15] Kuba usaba itamba yaba aberewemo umwenda na na nyir’umutungo utambamirwa, ntibihagije kugirango itamba ryemezwe. Uberewemo

Page 8

umwenda afite n’inshingano zo kugaragaza ko umubereyemo umwenda yarigisa cyangwa ko ashaka kwikuraho umutungo we agamije kutishyura uwo abereyemo umwenda. Ku bireba n’uru rubanza, Urukiko rwaciye urubanza rujuririrwa rwabigarutseho mu gika cya 6 cyarwo, rusanga nta kimenyetso na kimwe Letshego Rwanda Ltd igaragaza cy‘uko Dusabimana Emmanuel ashaka kugurisha imitungo itambamirwa mu gihe cya vuba. No mu kujurira, Letshego Rwanda Ltd yari ikwiye kuba igaragaza impamvu irenze kukuba Dusabimana Emmanuel ayibereyemo umwenda, yatuma yamburwa uburenganzira bwo kugurisha, gutiza, gutangwa cyangwa gutangaho ingwate umutungo we. Kuba Letshego Rwanda Ltd itabasha kubigaragaza, uru Rukiko rusanga hatafatwa icyemezo cyo gutambamira umutungo wa Dusabimana Emmanuel nkuko byemejwe n’Urukiko rwaciye urubanza rujuririrwa. [16] Kubivugwa na Me Munyengabe ko igisabwa ari ukugaragaza niba hari ikirego cy’iremezo kiregera umwenda usigaye kwishyurwa, Urukiko rusanga kuba hari ikirego cy’iremezo, byemewe ko hanatangwa ikirego kihutirwa nkuko biteganywa n’ingingo ya 185 y’Itegeko N° 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 iteganya ko ikirego cyihutirwa gitangwa iyo hari ikirego cy’iremezo, ariko hagomba kugira icyemezwa by’agateganyo mu buryo bwihuta ku rubanza rwaregewe urukiko rutaraburanishwa. Kuba Letshego Rwanda Ltd yaratanze ikirego kihutirwa, si ikibazo. Icyo yananiwe, ni ukugaragaza ko nyir’umutungo ashaka

kuwurigisa cyangwa kuwivanaho agamije kutishyura Letshego Rwanda Ltd. [17] Urukiko ruhereye ku bisobanuro bitanzwe mu bika bibanziriza iki, rusanga ubujurire rwashyikirijwe na Letshego Rwanda Ltd nta shingiro bufite kuko itabashije kugaragaza ko Dusabimana Emmanuel ashaka kurigisa cyangwa kwivanaho umutungo ubaruye kuri UPI : 1/03/01/02/2085 na UPI : 1/03/01/02/2961 agamije kutishyura Letshego Rwanda Ltd. III.ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO

Page 9

[18] Urukiko rwemeye kwakira ubujurire rwashyikirijwe na Letshego Rwanda Ltd rugisuzumye rusanga nta shingiro gifite. [19] Rwemeje ko hagumaho imikirize y’urubanza ku kirego cyihutirwa RCOM 00841/2022/TC rwaciwe n’urukiko rw’ubucuruzi ku itariki 29/07/2022. [20] Rwemeje ko ingwate y’amagarama yatanzwe na Letshego Rwanda Ltd ijurira ihwanye n’ibyakozwe mu rubanza, iherereye ku isanduku ya Leta.