KANYWABAHIZI v. MICROFINANCE INKINGI

KANYWABAHIZI v. MICROFINANCE INKINGI

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2014-12-05 - Case/document no.: RCOMAA 0019/12/CS - Collection: Supreme Court

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KANYWABAHIZI v. MICROFINANCE INKINGI [Rwanda URUKIKO RW’IKIRENGA – RCOMAA 0019/12/CS (Mutashya, P.J., Mukanyundo na Munyangeri, J.) 5 Ukuboza 2014] Amategeko agenga amasezerano – Amasezerano y’inguzanyo – Iyakirwa ry’ikirego gisaba kwishyura umwenda iyo impande zombi zumvikanye ko uwahawe umwenda natishyura ingwate ye izagurishwa bitanyuze mu rukiko – Nta muburanyi wakwitaza ko ikirego cya mugenzi we kitakwakirwa ashingira ko bari baragiranye amasezerano yo kugurisha ingwate nta rubanza ngo bihabwe ishingiro mu gihe uwahawe umwenda atishyuye mu gihe bumvikanye, agasaba n’igihe cy’inyongera akagihabwa byumvikanisha ko amasezerano y’ibanze yavuguruwe. Amategeko agenga amasezerano – Kubara inyungu – Amasezerano y’inguzanyo yavuguruwe akongera igihe cyo kwishyura, urimo umwenda ntiyavuga ko atari gukomeza kubarirwa inyungu mu gihe ariwe wasabye kongererwa igihe cyo kwishyura – Itegeko no 45/2011 ryo kuwa 25/11/2011 rigenga amasezrano, ingingo ya 64. Incamake y’ikibazo: Kuwa 05/03/2009, Microfinance Inkingi Ltd yahaye Kanywabahizi inguzanyo ingana na 14.390.000 frw yagombaga kwishyurwa mu gihe cy’amezi 6. Kanywabihizi avuga ko yishyuye inguzanyo ndetse akanarenza ariko Microfinance Inkingi ikavuga ko atishyuye nk’uko byari byumvikanyweho mu masezerano. Byatumye Kanywabahizi arega Microfinance Inkingi mu Rukiko rw’Ubucuruzi rwa Nyarugenge asaba gusubizwa ibyangombwa by’inzu ye yari

yaratanzeho ingwate no kumusubiza amafaranga yarenze kuyo yagombaga kwishyura Microfinsnce Inkingi Ltd nayo yareze Kanywabahizi mu Rukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi isaba kwishyurwa umwenda remezo n’inyungu zawo. Izi manza zahurijwe hamwe mu Rukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi kuko zari zisobereranye maze rwemeza ko ikirego cya Kanywabahizi gifite ishingiro kuri bimwe kuko Microfinance Inkingi Ltd yakomeje kubara inyungu kandi yaragombaga guhita igurisha ingwate yahawe nyuma yuko Kanywabahizi atari yishyuye mu gihe bumvikanyweho. Rwemeje kandi ko ikirego cya Microfinance Inkingi Ltd gifite ishingiro kuri bimwe kuko Kanywabahizi atishyuye mu bihe byumvikanyweho ndetse ko n’inyungu zagombaga gukomeza kubarwa ari nabyo byatumye umwenda wiyongera. Kanywabahizi yajuririye Urukiko rw’Ikirenga avuga ko ikirego cya Microfinance Inkingi Ltd kitagombaga kwakirwa kuko mu gihe yabonaga itishyuwe yari ifite uburenganzira bwo guteza cyamunara ingwate yahawe, ikaba itarabikoze ngo ibangamirwe aho gukomeza kubara inyungu. Kuri iyi ngingo Microfinance Inkingi ivuga ko kugurisha ingwate bitanyuze mu nkiko bitambura ububasha inkiko bwo kuregerwa cyane ko Kanywabahizi yatanze ikirego avuga ko yishyuye menshi naho Microfinance Inkingi Ltd ikavuga ko atishyuye uko bikwiye; byumvikakana ko hatarimo ubwumvikane Microfinance Inkingi Ltd nayo yajuririye ivuga ko urukiko rwabariye inyungu z’ubukererwe rufatiye ku gihe kidakwiye no kuba rwaranze gutanga amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza. Kanywabahizi we avuga ko kuba inyungu zarabariwe ku mezi atandatu bikwiye kuko Microfinance Inkingi Ltd iterekana umwenda remezo usigaye. Yavuze kandi ko kuba

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Microfinance Inkingi Ltd yakomeza kubara inyungu byaba ari akarengane kuko Microfince Inkingi Ltd yagombye kuba yaragurishije ingwate yahawe; bityo ikaba itasaba inyungu hejuru y’amakosa yayo. Yakomeje avuga ko yahombejwe na Microfinance Inkingi Ltd ko ahubwo ariyo igomba kumuha indishyi zingana na 5.000.000 frw y’igihembo cy’abavoka 2 bamuburaniye mu Rukiko rw’ikirenga. Incamake y’icyemezo: 1. Imiburanire ya Kanywabahizi avuga ko ikirego cya Microfinance Inkingi Ltd kitagombaga kwakirwa nta singiro ifite kuko nyuma y’itariki yagombaga kwishyurirwaho (05/09/2009) atayubahirije ndetse akaba ari nawe wisabiye ko amasezerano avugururawa akongerwa igihe cyo kwishyura akagihabwa kugeza kuwa 31/03/2011 akaba yari agikomeza gusaba kwihanganirwa. Ibi byerekana ko amasezerano y’ibanze atari akiri uko yakabaye akaba ahubwo yaravuguruwe ku bwumvikane bw’abayagiranye hakurikijwe imyitwarire yabaranze mu mikoranire yabo.

2. Mu gihe amasezerano yavuguruwe bisabwe na Kanywabahizi nta cyari kubuza inyungu gukomeza kubarwa. Nta yindi nzira Microfinance Inkingi Ltd yagombaga kunyuramo itari ukwiyambaza inkiko kugira ngo yishyurwe umwenda remezo n’inyungu zawo.

3. Imiburanire ya Kanywabahizi avuga ko yaragije kwishyura ahubwo agomba gusubizwa ayo yarengejeho ntiyahabwa ishingiro kuko bitumvikana ukuntu yishyuye umwenda wose akanawurenza ntagire inyemeza bwishyu ahabwa cyangwa se ngo mu mabaruwa yose yagiye yandikirwa ngo asubize ko yarangije kwishyura agasaba gusubizwa ayo yarengejeho. Bityo umwenda ugomba guherwaho habarwa inyungu zisanzwe n’iz’ubukerwe akaba ari ugaragara kuri historique bancaire ungana na 6.880.521 frw.

4. Kuba inyungu zarumvikanyweho n’impande zombi, nta cyabuza gukomeza kuzibara nyuma y’irangira ry’igihe cyo kwishyura kuko Kanywabahizi atagaragaza impamvu atishyuriye ku gihe cyumvikanyweho wareka kubarirwa inyungu mu gihe impande zombi zumvikanye ku mwenda watanzwe. Icyakora Microfinance Inkingi Ltd ntiyababwa 18.526.923 frw abariwe ku kigero cya 30% ajyanye no kwishyuza umwenda kuko itayahabwa ninarangiza inasabe amafaranga y’ikurikirarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka. Bityo Kanywabahizi akaba agomba kwishyura Microfinance Inkingi Ltd 6.880.521 frw y’umwenda remezo, 32.687.200 frw y’inyungu zisanzwe na 22.188.690 frw y’inyungu z’ubukererwe, yose hamwe akaba angana na 61.756.411 frw. Ubujurire bufite ishingiro kuri bimwe. Ubujurire bwa Kanywabahizi nta shingiro bufite. Amagarama y’urubanza aherereye kuri Kanywabahizi. Amategeko yashingiweho: Itegeko no 45/2011 ryo kuwa 25/11/2011 rigenga amasezrano, ingingo ya 64. Imanza zifashishijwe: RCOM 0019/09/CS rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 28/11/2011 hagati ya Rwangampuhwe na Banki ya Kigali.

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Urubanza I. IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA [1] Uru rubanza rukomoka ku nguzanyo MICROFINANCE Inkingi Ltd yahaye Kanywabahizi Charles ku wa 05/03/2009 ingana na 14.390.000 Frw yagombaga kwishyurwa mu gihe cy’amezi 6, Kanywabahizi Charles avuga ko yagombaga kujya yishyura inyungu buri kwezi zingana na 2.973.933 Frw, we avuga ko yishyuye nk’uko amasezerano yabiteganyaga ko ndetse yishyuye akarenza ayo yagombaga kwishyura naho MICROFINANCE Inkingi Ltd yo ikavuga ko amafaranga atishyuye uko byari byumvikanyweho mu masezerano. [2] Kanywabahizi Charles yareze MICROFINANCE Inkingi Ltd mu Rukiko rw’ubucuruzi rwa Nyarugenge kuri nº RC0M 427/11/TC/NYGE asaba gusubizwa ibyangombwa by’inzu ye yari yatanzeho ingwate no kumusubiza amafaranga yarenze kuyo yagombaga kwishyura. Microfinance nayo yareze Kanywabahizi Charles mu Rukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi isaba kwishyurwa umwenda remezo n’inyungu zawo urubanza rwandikwa kuri nº RCOM 0192/11/HCC. [3] Izi manza zombi zahurijwe hamwe mu Rukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi kubera ko zari zisobekeranye ziburanishirizwa hamwe. Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rwaciye urubanza rwemeza ko ikirego cya Kanywabahizi Charles gifite ishingiro kuri bimwe, ko ikirego cya MICROFINANCE Inkingi Ltd gifite ishingiro kuri bimwe, rutegeka Kanywabahizi Charles kwishyura MICROFINANCE Inkingi Ltd 6.680.521 Frw y’umwenda remezo, inyungu zisanzwe zingana na 1.603.325 Frw, inyungu z’ubukererwe

zingana na 3.206.650 Frw. [4] Urukiko mu gufata icyemezo rwashingiye ku mpamvu z’uko rwasanze ku bijyanye n’umwenda, hari amafaranga Kanywabahizi atarishyura akaba kandi yarishyuye mu bihe binyuranyije n’ibyo bari barumvikanyeho kuko bari barumvikanye ko azishyura buri kwezi 2.398.333 Frw mu gihe cy’amezi atandatu kuva ku itariki ya 06/04/2009 kugeza ku ya 06/09/2009, kubera kandi ko bari barumvikanye ko inyungu zizakomeza kubarwa, akaba aribyo byatumye umwenda ukomeza kwiyongera. [5] Ku bijyanye no kuba MICROFINANCE Inkingi Ltd yarakomeje kubara inyungu kandi yaragombaga guhita igurisha mu cyamunara ingwate yatanzwe, Urukiko rwasanze MICROFINANCE Inkingi Ltd itaragombaga gutegereza amezi arenze atandatu (6) nyuma yo kubona ko Kanywabahizi Charles atishyura kugira ngo iregere Urukiko, uku gutinda bikaba aribyo byatumye inyungu ziyongera ku buryo bukabije. [6] Rwasanze kandi kuba MICROFINANCE Inkingi Ltd yarareze ku wa 24/08/2011 kandi umwenda waragombaga kuba warishyuwe ku wa 06/09/2009 ari amakosa kubera ko yagombaga kuba yarafatiriye ingwate yahawe, bityo inyungu zisanzwe zikaba zigomba kubarirwa kuri 4% ku kwezi mu gihe cy’amezi 6 n’inyungu z’ubukererwe zikabarirwa kuri 8% mu gihe cy’amezi 6 kubera ko aricyo gihegiciye mu kuri (raisonable) MICROFINANCE Inkingi Ltd yagombye kuba yararegeye Urukiko. [7] Ku kijyanye no kuba ingwate itarandikishijwe nk’uko amategeko abiteganya, Urukiko rwasanze ubwabyo bitaba impamvu yo gutuma idafatirwa ngo igurishwe kubera ko Itegeko

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nº10/2009 ryo ku wa 07/05/2009 riteganya uburyo ingwate igomba kwandikishwa, ridateganya ko ingwate itanditswe idashobora kugurishwa ko ahubwo icyo riteganya iyo ingwate itanditswe, uyihawe adashobora kuruta abandi (créancier privilégié) bashobora kuyihabwaho ingwate, ko haramutse habayeho gukurikiranya abahawe ingwate, we aza nyuma y’abandi bandikishije iyo ngwate, iri tegeko kandi ntiribuza uwahawe ingwate itanditswe kuba yaregera Urukiko yishyuza umwenda yahawe . [8] Urukiko rwasanze ku birebana no gusubizwa ibyangombwa by’inzu nk’uko Kanywabahizi abisaba nta shingiro bifite kubera ko byagaragaye ko atararangiza kwishyura umwenda wose abereyemo MICROFINANCE Inkingi Ltd. [9] Kanywabahizi Charles ntiyishimiye icyo cyemezo, maze akijuririra mu Rukiko rw’Ikirenga avuga ko ikirego cya MICROFINANCE Inkingi Ltd kitagombaga kwakirwa hakurikijwe amasezerano yari yaragiranye nayo no kuba umucamanza yaremeje ko atanga inyungu z’ubukererwe kandi nta mwenda remezo wigeze ugaragazwa. [10] MICROFINANCE Inkingi Ltd nayo yajuriye urubanza ivuga ko Urukiko rwabariye inyungu z’ubukererwe rufatiye ku gihe kidakwiye no kuba Urukiko rwaranze gutanga amafaranga y‘ikurikiranarubanza, ubujurire bwose bwahurijwe hamwe mu rubanza nº RCOMA 0019/12/CS iburanisha rishyirwa kuwa 11/11/2014. [11] Kuri iyo tariki, Kanywabahizi Charles yaritabye aburanirwa na Me Ngezehayo Emmanuel na Me Mbonyimpaye Elias

naho MICROFINANCE Inkingi Ltd iburanirwa na Me Muvunyi Jean Pascal. II. IBIBAZO BIGIZE URUBANZA N’ISESENGURA RYABYO ► Kumenya niba MICROFINANCE Inkingi Ltd yarashoboraga kuregera inkiko ikibazo gituruka ku masezerano y’inguzanyo mu gihe nta mbogamizi yahuye nayo mu kugurisha ingwate. [12] Me Ngezahayo Emmanuel avuga ko Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rutari kwakira ikirego cya MICROFINANCE Inkingi Ltd hakurikijwe ibiteganywa n’ingingo ya 4 y’amasezerano impande zombi zagiranye, ko mu gihe yabonaga itishyuwe yari ifite uburenganzira bwo guhita iteza mu cyamunara ingwate yahawe, ikaba rero itarigeze ibikora ngo ibangamirwe aho gukomeza kubara inyungu, ko rero ikirego cyayo kitari gikwiye kwakirwa. [13] Me Mbonyimpaye Elie nawe uburanira Kanywabahizi Charles avuga ko amasezerano y’inguzanyo asobanutse neza, MICROFINANCE Inkingi Ltd ikaba itarigeze itangira imihango yo guteza icyamunara ingwate yahawe noneho ngo ikomwe mu nkokora na Kanywabahizi Charles ngo abe aribyo byatumye iregera Urukiko. Avuga ko amasezerano impande zombi zagiranye aba ari itegeko hagati yabo, ko kandi kuvuga ko umwenda wari ukigibwaho impaka, atari impamvu yari gutuma MICROFINANCE Inkingi Ltd itubahiriza amasezerano ko nibura yagombaga gutangira yahura n’ikibazo akaba aribwo irega. [14] Me Muvunyi Jean Pascal uburanira MICROFINANCE Inkingi Ltd avuga ko kugurisha bitanyuze mu nkiko nk’uko byari biteganyijwe mu masezerano impande zombi zagiranye, ari

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imwe mu nzira ishobora gukoreshwa kugira ngo yishyurwe ariko ko itambura ububasha inkiko nk’uko ababuranira Kanywabahizi Charles babivuga. Avuga ko Kanywabahizi Charles yatanze ikirego avuga ko yishyuye menshi, na MICROFINANCE Inkingi Ltd ikavuga ko atishyuye uko bikwiye bikaba bigaragara ko hatarimo ubwumvikane ariyo mpamvu MICROFINANCE Inkingi Ltd yitabaje Inkiko. [15] Akomeza avuga ko kugeza muri 2011 Kanywabahizi Charles yasabye kongererwa igihe cyo kwishyura hashize amezi 6 ahita arega, bivuze ko kugeza ubwo yaregaga yari agisaba igihe cyo kwishyura, kuba rero yaragisabye akacyongerwa si ikosa rya MICROFINANCE Inkingi Ltd, aho kwishyura akaba yaragurishije ingwate yatanze MICROFINANCE Inkingi Ltd yabimenya, bakagirana andi masezerano mashya.

UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [16] Urukiko rurasanga mu nyandiko zigize dosiye harimo amasezerano y’inguzanyo Kanywabahizi Charles yagiranye na MICROFINANCE Inkingi Ltd ku wa 05/03/2009 y’inguzanyo ingana na 14.390.000 Frw, muri ayo masezerano Kanywabahizi Charles akaba yaremeye kuzishyura uwo mwenda mu gihe cy’amezi 6, bivuze ko yagombaga kurangiza kwishyura iyo nguzanyo 05/09/2009 akishyura buri kwezi 2.398.333 Frw, inyungu zibariwe ku kigero cya 4% ku kwezi, bumvikana ko kandi mu gihe azaba akererewe kwishyura ayo mafaranga, azatanga inyungu zibariwe ku kigero cya 8% ku kwezi. [17] Urukiko rurasanga muri ayo masezerano mu ngingo yayo ya 4 hateganyijwe ko mu gihe Kanywabahizi Charles azaba atishyuye ingwate y’inzu atanze ifite agaciro ka 63.000.000 Frw izafatirwa ikagurishwa bitanyujijwe mu nzira y’inkiko. [18] Urukiko rurasanga Kanywabahizi Charles yarandikiwe ibaruwa na MICROFINANCE Inkingi Ltd yibutswa ko agomba kubahiriza amasezerano bagiranye, ibaruwa akaba yarayakiriye ku wa 06/06/2009. [19] Urukiko rurasanga ku wa 27/08/2009 Kanywabahizi Charles yarandikiye MICROFINANCE Inkingi Ltd ayimenyesha ibibazo yagize anayisaba kongererwa igihe cyo kwishyura. [20] Urukiko rurasanga ku wa 09/11/2010 MICROFINANCE Inkingi Ltd yarongeye kumwandikira imwibutsa ko atishyuye umwenda yahawe inamumenyesha ingano yawo kuri iyo tariki. [21] Urukiko rurasanga ku wa 31/03/2011 Kanywabahizi Charles

nawe yarongeye kwandikira MICROFINANCE Inkingi Ltd ayisaba kumwihanganira igahagarika gukomeza kubara inyungu kubera ko yagize ibibazo. [22] Urukiko rurasanga ingingo ya 4 y’amasezerano y’inguzanyo yo ku wa 05/03/2009 Kanywabahizi Charles aheraho avuga ko ikirego cya MICROFINANCE Inkingi Ltd kitagombaga kwakirwa, iyi miburanire nta shingiro ifite kubera ko nawe ubwe azi neza ko itariki ya 05/09/2009 yagombaga kuba yarangirijeho kwishyura atayubahirije ndetse akaba ari nawe wisabiye ko amasezerano avugururwa akongerwa igihe cyo kwishyura akagihabwa, kugeza ku

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itariki ya 31/03/2011 akaba yari agikomeza gusaba kwihanganirwa byerekana ko amasezerano y’ibanze atari akiri uko yakabaye akaba ahubwo yari yaravuguruwe ku bwumvikane bw’abayagiranye hakurikijwe imyitwarire yabaranze mu mikoranire yabo. [23] Urukiko rurasanga rero mu gihe amasezerano impande zombi zagiranye yari yaravuguruwe bisabwe na Kanywabahizi Charles, ntacyari kubuza inyungu gukomeza kubarwa, kandi kugirango MICROFINANCE Inkingi Ltd ishobore kwishyurwa umwenda remezo n’inyungu zawo, ntayindi nzira yagombaga kunyuramo itari ukwiyambaza inkiko kugirango umwenda usigaye, inyungu zisanzwe n’iz’ubukererwe byemezwe n’Urukiko hashakishwe uburyo bwo kwishyura. [24] Urukiko rurasanga rero ingingo ya 4 y’amasezerano y’inguzanyo yaragombaga gukurikizwa uko iteye mu gihe nta n’umwe mu bayagiranye wasabye ko hagira ingingo zimwe na zimwe mu zigize amasezerano zihindurwa nk’uko byagenze, bityo kuba Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rwarakiriye ikirego cya MICROFINANCE Inkingi Ltd rukaba nta kosa rwakoze. ►Kumenya ingano y’umwenda n’inyungu Kanywabahizi Charles agomba kwishyura MICROFINANCE Inkingi Ltd hakurikijwe amasezerano impande zombi zagiranye. [25] Me Ngezahayo uburanira Kanywabahizi Charles avuga ko umucamanza yemeje ko agomba kwishyura inyungu z’ubukererwe ahereye ku mwenda remezo ungana na 6.680.521Frw kandi mu gutanga ikirego, uyu mwenda utarigeze ugaragarizwa uburyo wabonetse, ko

ariya mafaranga ari ayo MICROFINANCE Inkingi Ltd yitekerereje ntahantu ashingiye, ko Kanywabahizi Charles yishyuye 18.889.000 Frw ariko MICROFINANCE Inkingi Ltd ikaba imwishyuza amafaranga idashobora kwerekana yaturutse. [26] Akomeza avuga ko mu rukiko berekanye fiche igaragaza uburyo amafaranga yagiye yishyurwa, ariko Urukiko ntirwabiha agaciro, ko rero ukurikije amasezerano, yagombaga kwishyura 17.843.600 Frw, akaba yarabariwe inyungu mbere y’uko igihe yahawe cyo kwishyura kirangira, bikaba binagaragara ko ayo yishyuye yose yayishyuye nta nyungu, akaba ataragombaga kwishyura inyungu mu gihe cy’amezi atandatu uretse mu gihe arengeje icyo gihe yahawe. [27] Asoza avuga ko MICROFINANCE Inkingi Ltd nayo ubwayo yemera ko yishyuwe 18.889.000 Frw ku buryo biboneka ko Kanywabahizi yarengeje ku mafaranga yagombaga kwishyura, ko kandi ufashe 2.973.943 Frw mu mezi atandatu usanga ari 17.843.600 Frw akaba rero yararengejeho agera kuri 1.045.400 Frw. [28] Me Muvunyi Pascal uburanira MICROFINANCE Inkingi Ltd avuga ko ibyo ababuranira Kanywabahizi Charles bavuga, nta shingiro bifite kuko amafaranga MICROFINANCE Inkingi Ltd yishyuza afitiwe ibimenyetso, ko mu nyandiko zigize urubanza harimo fiche igaragaza umwenda yishyuzwa, hakaba kandi hanarimo uburyo umwenda wabazwe harebwe ayishyuwe n’ayo atishyuye, ko kandi imbonerahamwe ibigaragaza yatanzwe mu nkiko zose urubanza rwaburanishirijwemo, ko ikirego gitangwa yari amaze kwishyura 7.509.479 Frw, asigaye akaba ariyo agomba kubarirwa inyungu zisanzwe kimwe n’iz’ubukererwe. [29] Akomeza avuga ko kuvuga ko inyungu zagombaga kwishyurwa ari uko habayeho ubukererwe sibyo, kubera ko amafranga Kanywabahizi Charles yishyuye mbere, habanje

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gukurwamo inyungu hakurikijwe ingingo ya 153 y’Igitabo cya gatatu cy’urwunge rw’amategeko mbonezamubano, ko rero no ku gice cyari gisigaye hagombaga kubanza kuvanwamo inyungu z’ubukererwe n’inyungu zisanzwe, MICROFINANCE Inkingi Ltd yemera ko kuri Tranche ya mbere yibeshye ku nyungu z’ubukererwe zingana na 66.000 Frw. [30] Asoza avuga ko ku bijyanye n’inyungu hari Itegeko nº04/2008 ryo ku wa 26/08/2008 rigena imitunganyirize y’ibigo by’imari iciriritse rikaba ariryo rikurikizwa mu gushyiraho ikigero cy‘inyungu, kikaba kandi cyarashyizweho ku bwumvikane bwa Kanywabahizi Charles na MICROFINANCE Inkingi Ltd, kuba rero yaracyemeye akaba agomba kwishyura hakurikijwe icyo kigero, kubera ko yashoboraga no kujya ahandi iyo abona arimo guhendwa.

UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [31] Urukiko rurasanga nk’uko Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rwabyemeje, bigaragara koko ko Kanywabahizi Charles ku mwenda yagombaga kwishyura MICROFINANCE Inkingi Ltd, yarishyuye hagasigara 6.880.521 Frw nk’uko bigaragara ku nyandiko yo ku wa 05/10/2014 iri muri dosiye (historique de compte bancaire) MICROFINANCE Inkingi Ltd yashyikirije Urukiko Kanywabahizi Charles akaba atarabashije kuvuguruza ibarwa ry’umwenda. [32] Urukiko rurasanga ibyo avuga ko yishyuye 18.889.000 Frw kandi yaragombaga kwishyura agera kuri 17.843.600 Frw, nta bimenyetso abitangira uretse kubivuga gusa bikaba bitumvikana ukuntu yishyuye umwenda wose akanawurenza ntagire inyemezabwishyu ahabwa cyangwa se ngo mu mabaruwa yose yagiye yandikirwa ngo asubize avuga ko yarangije kwishyura ahubwo agomba gusubizwa ayo yarengejeho1, iyi miburanire ikaba nta shingiro ifite hakurikijwe ibiteganywa n’ingingo ya 3 y’itegeko nº 15/2004 ryo ku wa 12/06/2004 ryerekeye ibimenyetso mu manza n’itangwa ryabyo2 [33] Urukiko rurasanga nk’uko ibarwa ry’umwenda Kanywabahizi Charles abereyemo MICROFINANCE Inkingi Ltd (historique bancaire) ribigaragaza, ku wa 05/10/2014 uwo mwenda wanganaga na 6.880.521 Frw, akaba ariyo agomba guherwaho habarwa inyungu zisanzwe n’inyungu z’ubukererwe. ►Kumenya niba MICROFINANCE Inkingi Ltd na nyuma y’amezi atandatu umwenda wagombaga kuba warangijwe kwishyurwa yaragombaga gukomeza

kubara inyungu. [34] Me Muvunyi Pascal uburanira MICROFINANCE Inkingi Ltd avuga ko Urukiko rwabaze inyungu rufatiye ku mezi atandatu ngo kubera ko aricyo gihe yagombye kuba yaratangiye ikirego rwirengagije ko igihe cyumvikanyweho mu masezerano cyongerewe, ko rero Urukiko rw’Ikirenga rukwiye kubara inyungu zisanzwe n‘iz’ubukererwe kugeza igihe urubanza 1- Reba ibaruwa yanditse ku wa 27/08/2009 asaba kongererwa igihe cyo kwishyura kingana n’amezi abiri kubera ibibazo yahuye nabyo. - Reba ibaruwa yo ku wa 09/11/2010 Microfinance Inkingi yamwandikiye imumenyesha ko atubahirije amasezerano inamumenyesha uko umwenda uhagaze( umwenda remezo kongeraho inyungu z’ubukererwe n’izisanzwe) - Reba ibaruwa yo ku wa 31/03/2011 Kanywabahizi Charles yandikiye Microfinance Inkingi ayisaba kumwihanganira no kuba ihagaritse kubara inyungu. Reba ibaruwa yo ku wa 21/07/2011 Microfinance yamwandikiye imwihanangiriza inamumenyesha aho umwenda ugeze. 2 Buri muburanyi agomba kugaragaza ukuri kw’ibyo aburana.

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rusomewe kuko amafaranga akiyafite kandi yagombye kuba arimo kunguka kuko ariko kazi MICROFINANCE Inkingi Ltd ikora. [35] Asoza avuga ko indi mpamvu yatumye MICROFINANCE Inkingi Ltd ijurira, ari uko Urukiko rwanze gutanga amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza. [36] Me Ngezahayo uburanira Kanywabahizi Charles, avuga ko kuba umucamanza yarabariye ku mezi atandatu, bikwiye kubera ko MICROFINANCE Inkingi Ltd iterekana umwenda remezo usigaye, ko rero Urukiko rwazaha agaciro imibare ibaze neza rukirengagiza ibivugwa na MICROFINANCE Inkingi Ltd. Avuga ko kuba bakomeza kubara inyungu, asanga ari akarengane kubera ko MICROFINANCE Inkingi Ltd yagombye kuba yaragurishije ingwate yahawe, ikaba itagomba gusaba inyungu hejuru y’amakosa yayo. [37] Akomeza avuga ko Kanywabahizi Charles yahombejwe na MICROFINANCE Inkingi Ltd kuko inzu ye yari ifite agaciro ka 60.000.000 Frw ku ideni rya 14.000.000 Frw kandi naryo ryamaze kwishyurwa, kubera iyo mpamvu MICROFINANCE Inkingi Ltd ikaba igomba guha Kanywabahizi Charles indishyi zingana na 5.000.000 Frw y’igihembo cy’Abavoka 2 bamuburaniye kuri uru rwego.

UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [38] Urukiko rurasanga, mu masezerano Banki yagiranye na Kanywabahizi Charles yari yarahawe ibihe byo kwishyura ariko ntiyabyubahiriza, bikaba byumvikana ko Banki yari ifite impamvu yumvikana yo gukomeza kubara inyungu mu gihe Kanywabahizi Charles ari we wakomeje kugenda asaba kongererwa igihe cyo kwishyura, gukomeza kubara inyungu zisanzwe n’iz’ubukererwe bikaba byari biteganyijwe mu masezerano y’inguzanyo mu ngingo yayo ya 23 yasinyiye ko yemera. [39] Urukiko rurasanga kandi ku bijyanye no gukomeza kubara inyungu nyuma y’uko igihe cyo kwishyura cyarangiye, Kanywabahizi Charles atagaragaza impamvu umwenda yahawe ntawishyure ku gihe cyumvikanyweho wareka kubarirwa inyungu mu gihe atarawishyura kandi izo nyungu zarumvikanyweho n’impande zombi. Byaba ari ukwirengagiza ibiteganywa n’ingingo ya 64 y’Igitabo cya gatatu cy’Urwunge rw’amategeko mbonezamubano, iteganya ko amasezerano abera itegeko abayagiranye, iki gitekerezo kikaba gihuye n’ikiri mu rubanza nº RCOM 0019/09/CS rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 28/11/2011 haburana Rwangampuhwe na Banki ya Kigali. [40] Urukiko rurasanga ariko ku bijyanye na 18.526.923 Frw abariwe ku kigero cya 30% by’amafaranga yose Kanywabahizi Charles yishyuzwa ajyanye n’imirimo yakozwe mu kwishyuza umwenda abereyemo MICROFINANCE Inkingi Ltd, adakwiye kuyacibwa kubera ko n’ubwo biteganyijwe mu masezerano y’inguzanyo4,

MICROFINANCE Inkingi Ltd iterekana ibimenyetso by’ukuntu yakoreshejwe, ikaba rero idashobora guhabwa amafaranga isaba ngo inahindukire kandi isabe amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cy’avoka. 3 Iyi ngingo iteganya ko mu gihe habayeho ubukererwe mu kwishyura Kanywabahizi Charles yiyemeje kwishyura inyungu z’ubukererwe zihwanye na 8% buri kwezi kandi agakomeza kwishyura n’inyungu zisanzwe. 4 Ingingo ya 3 y’amasezerano y’inguzanyo iteganya ko mu gihe habayeho kwishyuzwa Kanywabahizi Charles yiyemeje kwishyura amafaranga yose yatanzwe mu bikorwa byakozwe mu kumwishyuza.

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[41] Urukiko rurasanga hakurikijwe imbonerahamwe igaragaza uko umwenda uhagaze, Kanywabahizi Charles agomba kwishyura MICROFINANCE Inkingi Ltd 61.756.411 Frw, ni ukuvuga 6.880.521 Frw y’umwenda remezo, 32.687.200Frw y’inyungu zisanzwe na 22.188.690 Frw y’inyungu z’ubukererwe nk’uko bigaragara ku mbonerahamwe y’umwenda yashyikirijwe Urukiko Kanywabahizi Charles akaba atarabashije kuvuguruza ibarwa ryawo, akaba rero agomba kwishyura umwenda wose ungana na 61.756.411Frw. [42] Ku bijyanye n’amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cy’avoka, Urukiko rurasanga kuba Kanywabahizi Charles atarubahirije amasezerano yagiranye na MICROFINANCE Inkingi Ltd aribyo byakuruye imanza, ibi bikaba byaratumye MICROFINANCE Inkingi Ltd ishyiraho uyiburanira bikayitera igihombo, Kanywabahizi Charles akaba agomba kwishyura 1.500.000 Frw y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cy’avoka kuva mu Rukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi kugera mu Rukiko rw’Ikirenga, amafaranga akaba agenwe mu bushishozi bw’Urukiko kuko ayo asaba ari ikirenga. III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO [43] Rwemeje kwakira ubujurire bwa MICROFINANCE Inkingi Ltd ko kandi bufite ishingiro kuri bimwe; [44] Rwemeje kwakira ubujurire bwa Kanywabahizi Charles ko kandi nta shingiro bufite; [45] Rutegetse Kanywabahizi Charles kwishyura MICROFINANCE Inkingi amafaranga 61.756.411 Frw, ni ukuvuga umwenda remezo 6.880.521 Frw, inyungu zisanzwe 32.687.200 Frw,inyungu z’ubukererwe 22.188.690 Frw; [46] Rutegetse Kanywabahizi Charles kwishyura amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cy’avoka angana na 1.500.000 Frw muri uru rwego no mu rwego rubanza. [47] Rutegetse Kanywabahizi Charles kwishyura amagarama y’urubanza.