UBUSHINJACYAHA v. MACUMI

UBUSHINJACYAHA v. MACUMI

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2022-05-27 - Case/document no.: RPAA 00348/2020/CA - Collection: Court of Appeal

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UBUSHINJACYAHA v. MACUMI [Rwanda URUKIKO RW’UBUJURIRE – RPAA 00348/2020/CA (Mukandamage, P.J.) 27 Gicurasi 2022] Amategeko nshinjabyaha – Igabanyagihano – Kubera ko uregwa yemeye icyaha kuva yaburana ku rwego rwa mbere, akwiye guhanishwa igihano gito giteganywa. Incamake y’ikibazo: Uru rubanza rwatangiriye Mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Huye, Ubushinjacyaha bukurikiranye Macumi ku cyaha cyo kubana n’umwana nk’umugabo n’umugore n’icyo gusambanya umwana, buvuga ko yabanye na M. F. w’imyaka 16 y’amavuko batarasezeranye, nuko mu rugo rwabo ku wa 28/05/2018 harara umwana w’umukobwa witwa M. I. R. bigeze mu gitondo, Macumi aherekeza umugore we (M. F.) agiye gushaka akazi, ageze mu nzira aragaruka, asambanya uwo mwana witwa M. I. R, biza kumenyekana ari uko uwo mwana yagiye mu nzira arira, ahuye n’abantu ababwira ko ari Macumi wamusambanyije. Uregwa yaburanye ahakana icyaha aregwa, avuga ko abana aregwa gusambanya bose bari bafite imyaka y’ubukure. Urwo Rukikon rwaciye urubanza rwemeza ko uregwa ahamwa n’icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana n’icyo kubana n’umwana nk’umugabo n’umugore, rumuhanisha igifungo cya burundu cy’umwihariko. Uregwa yajuririye Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Nyanza asaba kugabanyirizwa igihano, agahabwa igihano gishobora kurangira agataha akajya gufasha M. F., kuko kuba yaramuteye inda nacyo ari ikindi kibazo kimugoye cyo kurera umwana wenyine kandi nta wundi wo kumufasha

uhari. Urwo Rukiko narwo rwaciye urubanza rwemeza ko imikirize y’urubanza rwajuririwe ihindutse gusa ku birebana n’igihano kubera ko itegeko rishya riteganya ibihano byoroheje ku byaha bimuhama, rumuhanisha igifungo cy’imyaka 25. Uregwa yarongeye ajuririra Urukiko rw’Ubujurire avuga ko akwiye kugirwa umwere kubera ko nta nyandiko y’ivuka (acte de naissance) y’abana aregwa ko yasambanyije Ubushinjacyaha bwigeze butanga, nyamara ariyo igaragaza irangamimerere y’umuntu. Ubushinjacyaha bwo bwaburanye buvuga ko ko inyandiko y’ivuka yatanzwe n’Ushinzwe irangamimerere ko M. I. R. yavutse ku wa 01/01/2001, bikaba bigaragara ko yasambanyijwe ataruzuza imyaka y’ubukure, Ku byerekeye M. F., Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga ko nyina w’umwana yabwiye Ubushinjacyaha ko yavutse mu mwaka wa 2001, ariko ko atamwandikishije mu Murenge, ko bigaragara ko yasambanyijwe afite imyaka 17 y’amavuko. Incamake y’icyemezo: 1. kubera ko uregwa yemeye icyaha kuva yaburana ku rwego rwa mbere, akwiye guhanishwa igihano gito giteganywa. Ubujurire bufite ishingiro kuri bimwe; Urubanza rwajuririwe rurahindutse. Amategeko yakoreshejwe:

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Itegeko Nº 69/2019 ryo ku wa 08/11/2019, Ingingo ya 4 ihindura ingingo ya 133 y’Itegeko Nº 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange. Itegeko Nº 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/8/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange, ingingo ya Ingingo ya 1, agace ka 8º, iya 49 n’iya 58. Nta manza zifashishijwe. Urubanza [1] Mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Huye, Ubushinjacyaha bwareze Macumi Jacques icyaha cyo kubana n’umwana nk’umugabo n’umugore n’icyo gusambanya umwana, buvuga ko ku itariki ya 28/05/2018, mu rugo rwe aho yabanaga na M. F. w’imyaka 16 y’amavuko batarasezeranye, haraye umwana w’umukobwa witwa M. I. R. bita M., bigeze mu gitondo cyo ku wa 29/05/2018 saa 05h00, Macumi Jacques aherekeza uwo mugore we M. F. agiye gushaka akazi, ageze mu nzira aragaruka, asambanya uwo mwana M. I. R., biza kumenyekana ari uko uwo mwana yagiye mu nzira arira, ahuye n’abantu ababwira ko ari M.Jacques wamusambanyije. [2] Macumi Jacques yaburanye ahakana icyaha aregwa, avuga ko ahura na M.F. bari bamaze igihe bakundana ariko yarabyariye iwabo, ko kuvuga ko yamufashe ku ngufu atari byo, kuko imyaka y’ubukure ayifite kuko azi ko yavutse mu mwaka wa 1997, ko M. R. we bakundanye mbere ya M. F. kandi nawe yari yujuje imyaka y’ubukure. [3] Mu rubanza RP 00175/2018/TGI/HYE rwaciwe ku wa 14/06/2018, Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Huye rwasanze hari ibimenyetso bifatika byerekana ko M.

Jacques yasambanyije I. M. R. birimo kuba nawe abyiyemerera, umwana nawe umushinja ko yamusambanyije, akanavuga ko mbere y’uko ahura n’umugore wa Macumi Jacques akamutwara iwe agiye kumurangira akazi nta handi yari asanzwe aziranye na Macumi Jacques, ubuhamya bwa Mukankusi Marie wemeza ko yahuye na M. R. abona ameze nk’uwarize, yamubaza icyo yabaye akamubwira ko Macumi Jacques yamusambanyije, raporo ya Muganga igaragaza ko mu gitsina cy’uwo mwana hatukura, byumvikana ko byaturutse kuri uko gusambanywa, n’icyemezo cy’amavuko cya Iradukunda Mukansamira Régine kigaragaza ko yavutse ku itariki ya 01/01/2001, bivuze ko ku wa 28/05/2018 igihe Macumi Jacques yamusambanyaga yari atarageza ku myaka y’ubukure. [4] Ku bijyanye n’icyaha cyo kubana n’umwana nk’umugabo n’umugore, Urukiko rwasanze M. F. wavutse ku wa 1/1/2002 nk’uko bigaragazwa n’irangamuntu ye, avuga ko yaje gusura Macumi Jacques, kuva ubwo bahita babana aba umugore we, ko ibivugwa na Macumi Jacques ko babanye bambyumvikanyeho kandi ko yari yujuje imyaka y’ubukure nta shingiro bifite, kuko nta kimenyetso abitangira, rwemeza ko Macumi Jacques ahamwa n’icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana n’icyo kubana n’umwana nk’umugabo n’umugore, rumuhanisha igifungo cya burundu cy’umwihariko. [5] Macumi Jacques yajuririye Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Nyanza, avuga ko yari yumvikanye na M. F. babana nk’umugabo n’umugore ndetse n’ubu afunze akaba akiri mu rugo iwe, akaba atwite inda yamusigiye, asaba kugabanyirizwa igihano, agahabwa igihano gishobora

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kurangira agataha akajya kumufasha, kuko kuba yaramuteye inda nacyo ari ikindi kibazo kimugoye cyo kurera umwana wenyine kandi nta wundi wo kumufasha uhari. [6] Mu rubanza RPA 00448/2018/HC/NYZ rwaciwe ku wa 28/06/2019, Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Nyanza, rwasanze ubujurire bwa Macumi Jacques nta shingiro bufite, rwemeza ko imikirize y’urubanza rwajuririwe ihindutse gusa ku birebana n’igihano kubera ko itegeko rishya riteganya ibihano byoroheje ku byaha bimuhama, rumuhanisha igifungo cy’imyaka 25. [7] Macumi Jacques yajuriye mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire, avuga ko Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Nyanza rutaramugabanyirije igihano kandi yaraburanye yemera icyaha. [8] Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga ko kuba Macumi Jacques asanzwe afite ingeso yo gusambanya abana bato no kuba yarabanye na M.F. kandi ari umwana, asanga ari impamvu zatuma atagabanyirizwa igihano, agasaba ko hagumaho imikirize y’urubanza rwajuririwe. [9] Urubanza rwaburanishijwe mu ruhame ku itariki ya 04/04/2022, M. Jacques yunganiwe na Me Cyiza Clément, naho Ubushinjacyaha buhagarariwe na Nkusi Faustin, Umushinjacyaha ku rwego rw’Igihugu, hafatwa icyemezo cy’uko risubikwa, ryimurirwa ku wa 25/04/2022 kugira ngo Ubushinjacyaha buzane inyandiko z’irangamimerere (acte de naissance) z’abana basambanyijwe, iburanishwa ryongera kwimurirwa ku ya 16/05/2022, rirangiye ababuranyi bamenyeshwa ko urubanza ruzasomwa ku itariki ya

27/05/2022, akaba ari nawo munsi rusomwe. II. IBIBAZO BIRI MU RUBANZA N’ISESENGURWA RYABYO: a. Kumenya niba Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Nyanza rwaragombaga guhamya Macumi Jacques ibyaha byo gusambanya abana cyangwa se niba bari bujuje imyaka y’ubukure. [10] Macumi Jacques avuga ko M. F. babanye babyumvikanyeho, ko atari umwana, kuko yamubwiye ko afite imyaka makumyabiri (20) y’ amavuko. [11] Avuga ko ku birebana na M. R. ari we babanje kumenyana akaba ari we wamuhuje na Mukeshimana Felicite, akaba yaraje mu rugo rwabo ari we aje akurikiye kandi na we yari yujuje imyaka cumi n’umunani y’amavuko (18). [12] Me Cyiza Clément, wunganira Macumi Jacques, avuga ko akwiye kugirwa umwere, kubera ko nta nyandiko y’ivuka (acte de naissance) y’abana aregwa ko yasambanyije Ubushinjacyaha bwigeze butanga, nyamara ariyo igaragaza irangamimerere y’umuntu. [13] Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga ko inyandiko y’ivuka yatanzwe n’Ushinzwe irangamimerere mu Murenge wa Rusenge igaragaza ko M. R. yavutse ku wa 01/01/2001, ko kandi uwo mukobwa yabwiye Ubushinjacyaha ko anitwa M. I. R., kuko se ari yo mazina yandikishije agiye gutangira kwiga, ariko ko mu byangombwa bye akoresha izina rya M. R.. Avuga ko n’ubwo nyina umubyara yari yavuze yavutse mu mwaka wa 2003, naho uwo mwana we akavuga ko yavutse ku itariki ya 15/07/2001, inyandiko y’ukuri ari iy’ivuka (acte de naissance) igaragaza ko yavutse ku wa 01/01/2001, bikaba bigaragara ko yasambanyijwe ataruzuza imyaka y’ubukure.

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[14] Ku byerekeye M. F., Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga ko nyina MUKAREMERA yabwiye Ubushinjacyaha ko yavutse mu mwaka wa 2001, ariko ko atamwandikishije mu Murenge, ko bigaragara ko yasambanyijwe na M. J.afite imyaka 17 y’amavuko.

UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [15] Ingingo ya 1, agace ka 8º, y’Itegeko Nº 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange isobanura ko “Umwana ari umuntu utarageza ku myaka cumi n’umunani (18) y’amavuko”. [16] Ku byerekeye amazina y’umwana M. R., Urukiko rurasanga mu manza zabanje yaragiye avangwa, hamwe akitwa M. R., ahandi akitwa M. R. cyangwa I. M. R., nyamara mu rubanza nº RP 00175/2018/TGI/HYE rwaciwe N’urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Huye ku wa 14/06/2018, mu gika cya 3, urupapuro rwa 2, Ubushinjacyaha bwari bwasobanuye ko yitwa M. R. wiyise M. I. R. ibi bikaba ari byo bihura n’ibisobanuro uwo mwana yabwiye Ubushinjacyaha ku wa 09/05/2022 aho yavuze ko yitwa M. R. akoresha mu byangombwa bye, ariko ko na M. I. R. ari izina rye yanditsweho ubwo se yamwandikishaga ku ishuri. [17] Urukiko rurasanga rero amazina y’umwana wasambanyijwe akwiye gukosorwa mu manza zabanje, maze hakagumaho gusa M. R. wiyise M. I. R.. [18] Urukiko rurasanga na none, nk’uko bigaragazwa n’inyandiko y’ivuka yatanzwe n’Ushinzwe irangamimerere mu Murenge wa Rusenge, M. R. yaravutse ku wa 01/01/2001, bityo igihe yasambanywaga na Macumi Jacques ku wa 29/05/2018, yari akiri umwana, kuko atari yujuje imyaka 18 y’amavuko, bityo kuba Macumi Jacques yarahamijwe icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana M. R. wiyise M. I. R. bifite ishingiro. [19] Ku byerekeye M. F. wabanye na Macumi Jacques, Urukiko rurasanga

Ubushinjacyaha butarabashije kugaragaza inyandiko y’ivuka rye (acte de naissance) nk’uko bwari bwabitegetswe n’uru Rukiko, bityo Macumi Jacques agomba kugirwa umwere ku cyaha yahamijwe n’inkiko zabanje cyo gusambanya umwana M. F. b. Ku byerekeye igabanyagihano Macumi Jacques asaba [20] Macumi Jacques avuga ko Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Nyanza rwahaye uburemere budakwiye icyaha yakoze, ntirwamugabanyiriza igihano kandi yaraburanye yemera icyaha, agasaba ko cyagabanywa. [21] Me Cyiza Clément, wunganira Macumi Jacques, avuga ko Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Nyanza rwirengagije ingingo ya 77, agace ka 4º, y’Itegeko nº 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange iteganya ko “Umucamanza ashobora kugabanya ibihano iyo icyaha cyakozwe nta ngaruka zikomeye cyateje. [22] Akomeza avuga ko urwo Rukiko rwemeje ko Macumi Jacques adashobora kugabanyirizwa igihano rwirengagije amahame agomba kuyobora umucamanza mu gihe atanga igihano, agasaba ko hashingirwa ku ngingo ya 78, agace ka 2°, y’Itegeko Ngenga n° 01/2012/OL ryo ku wa 02/05/2012 rishyiraho igitabo cy’amategeko ahana ryakurikizwaga igihe icyaha

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cyakorwaga, iteganya ko “Iyo hari impamvu zoroshya uburemere bw’icyaha, igihano cy’igifungo kuva ku myaka icumi (10) kugeza ku myaka makumyabiri n’itanu (25) gishobora kugabanywa kugeza ku gifungo cy’imyaka (5)”, maze Macumi Jacques akagabanyirizwa igihano yahawe, kikava ku myaka 25 kigashyirwa ku myaka 5, kuko icyaha yakoze nta ngaruka zikomeye cyateje. [23] Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga ko nk’uko byasobanuwe mu gika cya 11 cy’urubanza rujuririwa, kuba MACUMI Jacques asanzwe afite ingeso yo gusambanya abana bato, ko rero nta mahame Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Nyanza rwirengagije ajyanye no gutanga ibihano. [24] Avuga ko ibivugwa n’uwunganira Macumi Jacques ko icyaha yakoze nta ngaruka cyateje nta shingiro byahabwa, kuko ari ukwirengagiza ko Mukeshimana Félicité abana na Macumi Jacques yari umwana, akaba atari afite ubushobozi buhagije bwo kumenya niba kubana n’umugabo bikwiye, ko kuba yaramugize umugore akamutera n’inda, bigaragaza ko yamuvukije uburenganzira nk’umwana.

UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA Ku byerekeye itegeko rigomba gukurikizwa [25] Mu manza zitandukanye zaciwe n’uru Rukiko ku kibazo cyo kumenya itegeko rigomba gukurikizwa hagati y’Itegeko Ngenga n° 01/2010/OL ryo ku wa 02/06/2012 rishyiraho igitabo cy’amategeko ahana ryakurikizwaga icyaha gikorwa, n’Itegeko nº 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange ryatangajwe nyuma y’uko icyaha gikorwa, ariko urubanza rutaracibwa burundu, rwemeje ko itegeko rishya ari ryo rigomba gukurikizwa ku cyaha cyo gusambanya umwana, kubera ko ari ryo riteganya ibihano byoroheje. Ku byerekeye igabanyagihano [26] Ingingo ya 4, y’Itegeko nº 69/2019 ryo ku wa 08/11/2019 ihindura ingingo ya 133 y’Itegeko nº 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange iteganya ibikurikira: “Umuntu wese ukorera ku mwana kimwe mu bikorwa bishingiye ku gitsina bikurikira, aba akoze icyaha: 1º gushyira igitsina mu gitsina, mu kibuno cyangwa mu kanwa k’umwana; 2º gushyira urugingo urwo arirwo rwose rw’umubiri w’umuntu mu gitsina, cyangwa mu kibuno cy’umwana; 3º gukora ikindi gikorwa cyose ku mubiri w’umwana hagamijwe ishimishamubiri; Iyo abihamijwe n’urukiko, ahanishwa igifungo kitari munsi y’imyaka makumyabiri (20) ariko kitarenze imyaka makumyabiri n’itanu (25)” (…). Iyo umuntu mukuru asambanyije umwana uri munsi y’imyaka cumi n’ine (14), igihano kiba igifungo cya burundu kidashobora kugabanywa kubera impamvu nyoroshyacyaha”. [27] Ku bijyanye n’ibyo umucamanza ashingiraho mu gutanga ibihano, ingingo ya 49 y’Itegeko nº 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/8/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange iteganya ko “Umucamanza atanga igihano akurikije uburemere bw'icyaha, ingaruka icyaha cyateye,

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impamvu zatumye uregwa agikora, uko uwagikoze yari asanzwe yitwara, imibereho ye bwite n’uburyo icyaha cyakozwemo’’. [28] Naho ku byerekeye impamvu nyoroshyacyaha, ingingo ya 58 y’iryo Tegeko iteganya ibikurikira: “Umucamanza ubwe niwe ugena niba impamvu nyoroshyacyaha zemezwa n’umucamanza zahabwa agaciro. Kwemeza impamvu nyoroshyacyaha bigomba gusobanurwa mu cyemezo cy’Urukiko”. [29] Izi ngingo zifatiwe hamwe zumvikanisha ko Umucamanza ari we usuzuma niba impamvu nyoroshyacyaha zakwemerwa, ariko kandi agomba no gutanga igihano akurikije uburemere bw'icyaha n’ingaruka icyaha cyateye. [30] Nk’uko bigaragara mu manza zabanje, ku rwego rwa mbere Macumi Jacques yaburanye yemera ibyaha aregwa asaba kugabanyirizwa ibihano, Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Huye, rumuhamya icyaha cyo kubana n’umwana M. F. nk’umugabo n’umugore n’icyo gusambanya umwana M. R. wiyise M. I.R., ahanishwa igifungo cya burundu cy’umwihariko, hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 190 na 191 y’Itegeko Ngenga N° 01/2010/OL ryo ku wa 02/06/2012 rishyiraho igitabo cy’amategeko ahana ryakurikizwaga ibyaha bikorwa. [31] Mu Rukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Nyanza, hasuzumwe ikibazo cyo kumenya niba icyo gihano Macumi Jacques yahawe cyagabanywa, urwo Rukiko rusanga adakwiriye kugabanyirizwa igihano, kubera ko afite ingeso mbi yo gusambanya abana, bigaragara ko ahora ashuka abana bato akabagira abagore, nk’uko byemezwa n’umubyeyi we Rukeratabaro

Claude, aho avuga ko yabananiye ahora azana abagore akabirukana, ko kandi atari itegeko ko Umucamanza agabanya igihano mu gihe ukurikiranyweho icyaha acyemera, ahubwo ko itegeko ryamuhaye uburenganzira bwo kuba yagabanya ibihano cyangwa ntabikore bitewe n’ibindi abona bijyanye n’uko icyaha cyakozwe nk’uko byateganyagwa mu ngingo ya 77 y’Itegeko Ngenga n° 01/2012/OL ryo ku wa 02/05/2012 rishyiraho igitabo cy’amategeko ahana yakoreshwaga ubwo icyaha cyakorwaga, maze rwemeza ko imikirize y’urubanza rwajuririwe ihindutse gusa ku birebana igihano, ku bw’itegeko rishya ryakigabanyije, rumuhanisha igifungo cy’imyaka 25. [32] Nk’uko byasobanuwe haruguru, Macumi Jacques yari akurikiranyweho n’Ubushinjacyaha ibyaha bibiri, ariko kimwe yakigizweho umwere, ahamwa gusa n’icyo gusambanya umwana M. R. wiyise M. I. R. [33] Urukiko rurasanga ibyo Macumi Jacques asaba ko yagabanyirizwa igihano kugeza ku myaka 5, kubera ko yemeye icyaha, urukiko rurasanga mu by’ukuri ntacyo anenga ibisobanuro byatanzwe n’Urukiko rwabanje ku mpamvu yatumye atagabanyirizwa igihano yahawe. [34] Urukiko rurasanga Macumi Jacques yarahanishijwe igifungo cy’imyaka 25, icyo gihano akaba ari cyo kinini giteganywa n’ingingo ya 4, y’Itegeko nº 69/2019 ryo ku wa 08/11/2019 ihindura ingingo ya 133 y’Itegeko nº 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 ryavuzwe haruguru ku cyaha cyo gusambanya umwana ufite hejuru y’imyaka 14 y’amavuko, ariko kubera ko yemeye icyaha kuva yaburana ku rwego rwa mbere, akwiye guhanishwa igihano gito giteganywa n’iyo ngingo cy’imyaka 20.

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[35] Urukiko rurasanga ibyo uwunganira Macumi Jacques asaba ko igihano yahawe cyagabanywa kugeza ku myaka 5 hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 77 y’Itegeko Ngenga n° 01/2012/OL ryo ku wa 02/05/2012 rishyiraho igitabo cy’amategeko ahana yakoreshwaga ubwo icyaha cyakorwaga, nta shingiro byahabwa, kuko, nk’uko byasobanuwe haruguru, Itegeko nº 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/8/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange niryo rigomba gukurikizwa muri uru rubanza, kuko nirwo riteganya ibihano bito. Byongeye kandi nta mpamvu ihari agaragaza yatuma Macumi Jacques ahabwa igihano kiri munsi y’igiteganywa n’itegeko, kuko nubwo yemeye icyaha, yasambanyije umwana M. R. wiyise M.I. R. amufatiranye yaraye iwe kandi afite n’undi mugore babanaga batarashyingiranywe. III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO [36] Rwemeje ko ubujurire bwa Macumi Jacques bufite ishingiro kuri bimwe; [37] Rwemeje ko urubanza Nº RPA 00448/2018/HC/NYZ rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Nyanza ku wa 28/06/2019 ruhindutse; [38] Rwemeje ko Macumi Jacques adahamwa n’icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana MUKESHIMANA Félicité; [39] Rwemeje ko Macumi Jacques ahamwa n’icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana M. R. wiyise M. I.R. ufite imyaka 17 y’amavuko; [40] Rutegetse ko Macumi Jacques ahanishijwe igifungo cy’imyaka makumyabiri (20); [41] Ruvuze ko amagarama y’urubanza aherera ku Isanduku ya Leta, kuko Macumi Jacques afunze, akaba asonewe kuyatanga.