MADAMU N’UNDI v NZABONIMPA N’ABANDI

MADAMU N’UNDI v NZABONIMPA N’ABANDI

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2024-09-27 - Case/document no.: RS/INJUST/RC 00010/2023/SC - Collection: Supreme Court

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MADAMU N’UNDI v NZABONIMPA N’ABANDI [Rwanda URUKIKO RW’IKIRENGA - RS/INJUST/RC 00010/2023/SC (Cyanzayire, P.J, Muhumuza, Kalihangabo, J.) 27 Nzeri 2024] Imanza z’imbonezamubano – Uburenganzira ku mutungo uzungurwa –Izungura rishingiye ku muco – Umuco wo gusumbanya abana – Umuco wo gusumbanya abana b’abahungu n’ab’abakobwa ubangamiye ihame ry’uko abantu bareshya imbere y’amategeko kandi barengerwa kimwe nayo. Imanza z’imbonezamubano – Uburenganzira ku mutungo uzungurwa – Umuco ukurikizwa iyo nta tegeko rihari bityo umugore afite uburenganzira ku mutungo w’ababyeyi be cyangwa uwo bashakanye kuva hajyaho Itegeko Nshinga rya 1962 ryashimangiraga uburenganzira bw’abaturage nta vangura. Incamake y’ikibazo: Uru rubanza rwatangiriye mur Rukiko Rwisumbuyeye rwa Rubavu, Madamu na Zaninka1 barega abisengeneza babo aribo Nzabonimpa, Sebikari, Twagirumukiza na Nyirazirakamwa bakomoka kuri musaza wabo witwa Baganizi. Babaregaga isambu y’umuryango yasizwe na se witwa Ruhabura, bakaba barayibarujeho mu buriganya ariko abaregwa bo bakavuga ko atari iy’umuryango kuko iri mu munani Ruhabura yahaye umuhungu we Baganizi. Urukiko rwemeje ko ikirego nta shingiro gifite kuko isambu iburanwa yari iya Baganizi. Abarega bajuririye icyo cyemezo mu Rukiko Rukuru bavuga ko Urukiko rwabanje rwashingiye ku mvugo zivuguruzanya zitanavugisha ukuri bituma rufata icyemezo kitaricyo. Urukiko Rukuru rwakiriye ubwo

bujurire maze rwemeza ko ubujurire bwabo nta shingiro bufite. Abarega biyambaje inzira y’akarengane maze urwo rubanza ruhabwa Urukiko rw’Ikirenga rwongera kuruburanisha hasuzumwa ikibazo cyo kumenya ny'ir’umutungo uburanwa hagati y’Abazungura ba Baganizi n’abazungura ba Ruhabura. Abareega bavuga ko umutungo uburanwa wasizwe na Ruhabura ubwo yapfaga mu 1976, agasiga adatanze iminani, hanyuma bakomeza kuwukoreramo bose nk’umuryango ariko nyuma mu buryo bw’uburiganya, abazungura ba Baganizi baza kuwibaruzaho. Bakomeza bavuga ko inkiko zabanje zirengagije amahame mpuzamahanga u Rwanda rwashyizeho umukono yemerera abana b’abakobwa kuzungura ku buryo bungana n’ubwa basaza babo ndetse no kuba zarashingiye ku mvugo z’abatangabuhamya zitavugisha ukuri bityo bagasaba ko uwo mutungo wabarurwa kuri Succession Ruhabura ukazungurwa n’abana be bose. Abaregwa basobanura ko mbere y’uko Ruhabura apfa yari yarahaye abahungu be batatu iminani kuko abakobwa batagenerwaga iminani, ahasigaye haje kugurishwa nyuma n’abazungura be. Bakomeza bavuga ko umutungo uburanwa wari uwa Baganizi kuva mu 1976 nkuko byemezwa n’abatangabuhamya. Incamake y’icyemezo: 1. Umuco ukurikizwa iyo nta tegeko rihari bityo umugore afite uburenganzira ku mutungo w’ababyeyi be cyangwa uwo bashakanye kuva hajyaho Itegeko Nshinga rya 1962 ryashimangiraga uburenganzira bw’abaturage nta vangura.

1 Zaninka Espérance yapfuye ku wa 04/09/2022. Urubanza rwe rurakomezwa n’umwana we Uwineza Diane wemeye kurukomeza.

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2. Umuco wo gusumbanya abana b’abahungu n’ab’abakobwa ubangamiye ihame ry’uko abantu bareshya imbere y’amategeko kandi barengerwa kimwe nayo. Ikirego cyatanzwe gifite ishingiro; Umutungo uburanwa ugomba kwandikwe kuri succession Ruhabura Jean Amategeko yashingiweho: Itegeko N⁰ 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, ingingo ya 111 Amategeko yifashishijwe atagikoreshwa: Itegeko Nshinga rya Repubulika y’u Rwanda ryo mu 1962, ingingo ya 3; Itegeko N° 22/99 ryo ku wa 12/11/1999 ryuzuza igitabo cya mbere cy'urwunge rw'amategeko mbonezamubano kandi rishyiraho igice cya gatanu cyerekeye imicungire y'umutungo w'abashyingiranywe, impano n'izungura, ingingo ya 50. Imanza zifashishijwe: RCAA0006/15/CS, Nsanzabera Vincent na Bariganza Evangile n’undi rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 10/02/2017; RS/REV/INJUST/CIV0015/14/CS, Ntahonkiriye Félicien n’abanidi na Icyitegetse Léa n’undi rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 31/07/2015. Urubanza I. IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA [1] Madamu Bernadette na Zaninka Espérance bareze mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Rubavu abisengeneza babo Nzabonimpa Déogratias, Sebikari Oscar, Twagirumukiza Jean na Nyirazirakamwa Solange bakomoka kuri musaza we Baganizi François, babarega ko mu buryo bw’uburiganya, bafashe isambu yari yarasizwe na se Ruhabura Jean, bayibaruza kuri Succession Baganizi

François, ihabwa UPI: 3/03/11/03/637, birengagije ko uwo mutungo wari uw’umuryango wa Ruhabura Jean utigeze ugabanywa hagati y’abazungura be. Basabye Urukiko ko iyo sambu yakwandukurwa kuri Succession Baganizi François, ikandikwa kuri Succession Ruhabura Jean, ihagarariwe na Madamu Bernadette. [2] Abaregwa bireguye bavuga ko isambu iburanwa atari iy’umuryango wa Ruhabura Jean, kuko nyuma y’aho Madamu Bernadette na Zaninka Espérance bamariye gushyingirwa, Ruhabura Jean yahaye iminani abahungu be batatu (3), ari nabwo Baganizi François yahawe isambu iburanwa, akomeza kuyitunga kuva mu 1976 kugeza apfuye mu 1994. [3] Mu rubanza No RC 00167/2020/TGI/RBV rwaciwe ku wa 19/11/2021, Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Rubavu rwanzuye ko ikirego cya Madamu Bernadette na Zaninka Espérance nta shingiro gifite, rwemeza ko ubutaka bufite UPI: 3/03/11/03/637 bwabaruwe kuri Succession Baganizi François, bwari ubutaka bwa Baganizi François ku giti cye bugomba kuguma ku bo bwabaruweho.

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[4] Urukiko rwafashe uwo mwanuro rushingiye ku mpamvu zikurikira: i. Imvugo z’abatangabuhamya, iperereza ryakozwe n’Urukiko ndetse n’inyandiko mvugo z’inama y’umuryango wa Ruhabura Jean, harimo iyo ku wa 22/09/2018, iyo ku wa 16/08/2020 ndetse n’iyo ku wa 18/10/2020, byerekana ko Ruhabura Jean yatanze imigabane itatu (3) ihwanye n’abahungu be 3 aribo Rugabagaba Joachim, Kanyamugara Phocas na Baganizi François; ii. Madamu Bernadette na Zaninka Espérance badasobanura uburenganzira bari bafite ku isambu iburanwa mbere y’uko Baganizi François apfa mu 1994; iii.

Baganizi François yari atunze isambu iburanwa kuva mu 1976 kandi icyo gihe cyose hakaba nta makimbirane ashingiye kuri iyo sambu abavandimwe be bigeze bagaragaza; iv. Nta burenganzira Madamu Bernadette na Zaninka Espérance bafite ku isambu iburanwa, kuko batangiye kuyikoresha nyuma y’aho Baganizi François apfiriye kugira ngo bashobore gutunga bamwe mu bana ba Nyakwigendera barerwaga na Nyirasenge Madamu Bernadette; v. Kuba Madamu Bernadette na Zaninka Espérance bemera ko Rugabagaba Joachim yagurishije igice cy’isambu ya Ruhabura Jean, ariko ntibemere ko icyo gice yagurishije cyari umutungo we bwite yigengagaho yahawe na Se, ndetse ntibanagaragaze niba hari impaka zabaye mu muryango igihe yagurishaga igice cy’umutungo bita uw’umuryango cyangwa ngo bagaragaze ibimenyetso bamuhereyeho uburenganzira bwo kugurisha umutungo w’umuryango utagabanyije, cyangwa se ngo bagaragaze ko bagabanye amafaranga yakiriye, bigaragaza ko Rugabagaba Joachim, Kanyamugara Phocas na Baganizi François bari baragabanye isambu ya Se, buri wese azi umugabane we, kandi ko n’abarega bari babizi, cyane ko nta n’umwe wabiregeye; vi. Kuba ubutaka buburanwa bwarabaruwe kuri succession Baganizi François kandi ibyo bigakorwa abazungura be badahari, hakiyongeraho no kuba Madamu Bernadette na Zaninka Espérance aribo bazanye icyangombwa cya burundu cy’ubwo butaka bakanagishyikiriza abazungura ba Baganizi François,

bigaragaza ko igihe ubutaka bwabarurwaga bemeraga ko ari ubwa Baganizi François, kuko iyo babibona ukundi, bari kububaruza ku bazungura ba Ruhabura Jean nk’uko babikoze ku itongo rye; vii. Isambu iburanwa ari umugabane wa Baganizi François kuko nyuma y’urupfu rwa Ruhabura Jean, abahungu be batatu (3) bagabanye isambu se yari amaze gusiga, buri wese amenya umugabane we, kandi ko muri icyo gihe hazunguraga abahungu gusa ari nayo mpamvu abakobwa ba Ruhabura Jean batabibonagamo ikibazo. [5] Madamu Bernadette na Zaninka Espérance bajuririrye Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Musanze bavuga ko Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Rubavu rwashingiye ku mvugo zivuguruzanya kandi zitavugisha ukuri, ndetse runitiranya ibintu uko bitagenze, bityo ko bashingiye ku kuba Ruhabura Jean yarapfuye ntawe ahaye umunani, ari yo mpamvu basaba ko izungura ryafunguka. Yongeraho ko mu gihe Urukiko rwabanje rwari gusanga igikorwa cyakorewe ku isambu iburanwa bihura n’izungura, rwari kwemeza ko rikorerwa ku bana b’abakobwa ndetse n’abahungu nta vangura ribaye nk’uko byemejwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga mu rubanza No RS/REV/INJUST/CIV/0015/14/CS.

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[6] Abaregwa bireguye bavuga ko Ruhabura Jean yapfuye yaramaze guha abahungu be iminani, ndetse ko ari nabwo buryo Baganizi François yabonyemo isambu iburanwa. Kuri uru rwego rw’ubujurire, buri ruhande rwasabye amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza ndetse n’ay’igihembo cya Avoka. [7] Mu rubanza No RCA 00071/2021/HC/MUS rwaciwe ku wa 12/10/2022, Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Musanze rwanzuye ko ubujurire bwa Madamu Bernadette na Zaninka Espérance nta shingiro bufite, rwemeza ko imikirize y’urubanza No RC 00167/2020/TGI/RBV rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Rubavu ku wa 19/11/2021 igumyeho. [8] Urukiko rwashingiye ku mpamvu zikurikira: i. Kuba Nsengiyumva Déo yari umukuru w’Umudugudu, akanayobora Urukiko igihe rwajyaga mu iperereza ubwabyo bidatesha agaciro ubuhamya yatanze kuko bitagize impamvu yashingirwaho havugwa ko ubuhamya yatanze butavuga ukuri kandi Madamu Bernadette na Zaninka Espérance ntibagaragaje ko yaba yaratanze ubuhamya ahagarikiwe n’abazungura ba Baganizi François; ii. Kuba Nyirahabinka Thérèse yarageze mu Rwanda mu 1980, atari impamvu yashingirwaho ubuhamya bwe buteshwa agaciro kuko ubuhamya yatanze buhera ku munsi yahagereye; iii. Hashingiwe ku zindi mvugo z’abatangabuhamya ndetse no ku nyandiko mvugo y’inama y’umuryango wa Ruhabura Jean yo ku wa 18/10/2019, aho Madamu Bernadette na Zaninka Espérance bemeraga ko mbere ya 1994 nta kirego batanze kigamije

kugaruza isambu iburanwa ubu, byumvikanisha ko nta burenganzira bari bafite kuri iyo sambu; iv. Kuba umuvandimwe wa Baganizi François witwa Rugabagaba Joachim wapfuye mu 2010 atarigeze atanga ikibazo kijyanye n’iyo sambu, bishimangira ko na we ubwe yari azi ko ari iya Baganizi François; v. Kuba hari ubutaka bwabaruwe kuri Succession Ruhabura Jean, ubundi bukabarurwa kuri Succession Baganizi François, ibyo bigakorwa Madamu Bernadette na Zaninka Espérance bahari, bishimangira ko ubwo butaka bwari butunzwe n’abantu batandukanye; vi. Kuba abagize umuryango wa Ruhabura Jean baragurishije ubutaka bwari bubaruye kuri Succession Ruhabura Jean bishimangira ko bemeraga ibyari byakozwe mu gihe cyo kwandikisha ubutaka; vii. Rutashingira ku rubanza No RS/REV/INJUST/CIV/0015/14/CS ndetse n’amahame mpuzamahanga yemerera abana b’abakobwa kuzungurana na basaza babo, kuko ibivugwamo byubahirizwa izungura rigifungurwa cyangwa ritaratangira, bityo ko bitagira ingaruka ku bikorwa byakozwe mu myaka irenga 30; viii. Kuba nta kimenyetso rwagaragarijwe rwashingiraho rwemeza ko ubutaka bufite UPI: 3/03/11/03/637 bwagombaga kubarurwa kuri Succession Ruhabura Jean, byumvikana ko hagomba kugumaho icyemezo cyafashwe n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Rubavu kuko ubutaka buburanwa bwari ubwa Baganizi François kuva mu 1976.

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[9] Ku wa 07/11/2022, Madamu Bernadette ndetse n’umuzungura wa Zaninka Espérance witwa Uwineza Diane, bandikiye Perezida w’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire basaba ko urubanza No RCA 00071/2021/HC/MUS rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Musanze ku wa 12/10/2022, rusubirwamo ku mpamvu z'akarengane. Perezida w'Urukiko rw'Ubujurire amaze kubisuzuma, yandikiye Perezida w’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga asaba ko urwo rubanza rusubirwamo, maze mu cyemezo No 170/CJ/2023 cyo ku wa 14/11/2023, yemeza ko rwoherezwa mu Bwanditsi bw’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga kugira ngo ruzongere ruburanishwe. [10] Urubanza rwahamagajwe ku wa 10/04/2024, ariko uwo munsi ntirwaburanishwa kuko wahuriranye n’ikiruhuko cy’umunsi mukuru wa Aid el fitr, rwimurirwa ku wa 13/05/2024. Uwo munsi rwaburanishijwe mu ruhame, Madamu Bernadette n’umuzungura wa Zaninka Espérance wakomeje urubanza ari we Uwineza Diane bahagarariwe na Me Kayitare Dieudonné, naho Nzabonimpa Déogratias, Twagirumukiza Jeanna Nyirazirakamwa Solange bahagarariwe na Me Vita Bizimungu Guidon, ariko Sebikari Oscar we yunganiwe. [11] Mbere yo gutangira iburanisha, ababuranyi bamenyeshejwe ko muri dosiye hagaragaramo inyandiko yo ku wa 14/03/2024, y’abana ba Zaninka Espérance bitwa Uzamukunda Christine na Murekatete Jeanne bandikiye imbere ya Noteri wigenga witwa Bugirimfura Gilbert, bavuga ko badashaka gukomeza kuburana urubanza No RS/INJUST/RC 00010/2023/SC umubyeyi wabo

yari yararezemo abazungura ba Baganizi François, kuko mbere y’urupfu rwe yababujije kuzarukomeza. Ababuranyi bamenyeshejwe ko uwitwa Uwineza Diane we yemera kurukomeza, babajijwe niba bose bemera ko abazungura ba Zaninka Espérance ari abo batatu gusa, bavuga ko babyemeranyaho. [12] Urukiko rwakomeje iburanisha, ababuranyi bajya impaka ku bibazo bikurikira: a. Kumenya ny'ir’umutungo uburanwa hagati y’Abazungura ba Baganizi François n’Abazungura ba Ruhabura Jean. b. Kumenya niba hari indishyi zatangwa muri uru rubanza. II. IBIBAZO BIGIZE URUBANZA N’ISESENGURA RYABYO II.1. Kumenya ny'ir’umutungo uburanwa hagati y’Abazungura ba Baganizi François n’Abazungura ba Ruhabura Jean [13] Me Kayitare Dieudonné uhagarariye Madamu Bernadette na Uwineza Diane avuga ko ubutaka buburanwa bwabaruwe mu buryo budakurikije amategeko kuri Succession Baganizi François, buhabwa UPI: 3/03/11/03/637; bakaba basaba ko uwo mutungo wamwandukurwaho, maze ukandikwa kuri Succession Ruhabura Jean kugira ngo uzungurwe n’abamukomokaho bose. Asobanura ko kugeza ubu uwo mutungo utakibaruye kuri UPI: 3/03/11/03/637 kuko abazungura ba Baganizi François bamaze kugabana ubwo butaka, bunahabwa ibindi byangombwa bishya. [14] Avuga ko n’ubwo umutungo uburanwa wigaruriwe na Baganizi François wari bucura mu bana b’iwabo, wari uwa Ruhabura Jean n’umugore we Nkundizanye Véronique kuko bapfuye mu 1976 ntawe bawuhaye, ibyo bikaba byumvikana ko wasigaye usangiwe n’abazungura bose, cyane ko bakomeje kuwukoreramo nk’umuryango. Avuga ko nyuma ya 1994, abo ahagarariye bakomeje gukorera muri iyo sambu ariko ko nyuma batunguwe no kubona Nzabonimpa Déogratias, Sebikari

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Oscar na Twagirumukiza Jean2 babakura muri uwo mutungo, bakanawubaruza kuri succession Baganizi François, nyamara birengagije ko ari uw’umuryango. [15] Akomeza avuga ko kugira ngo ikibazo gikemuke, habayeho inama z’umuryango eshatu ariko ntizakemura ikibazo biba ngombwa ko Madamu Bernadette na Zaninka Espérance bagana inkiko basaba ko zemeza ko uwo mutungo wagarurwa kuri Succession Ruhabura Jean. [16] Avuga kandi ko inkiko zabanje zirengagije amahame mpuzamahanga u Rwanda rwashyizeho umukono yemerera abana b’abakobwa kuzungura ku buryo bungana n’ubwa basaza babo ndetse n’umurongo watanzwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga mu rubanza No RS/REV/INJUST/CIV 0015/14/CS3, hakiyongeraho no kuba zarashingiye ku mvugo z’abatangabuhamya zitavugisha ukuri kandi zivuguruzanya, haba mu nama z’umuryango ndetse no mu nzego z’ubuyobozi. [17] Me Kayitare Dieudonné asoza avuga ko Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Musanze rwafashe icyemezo kibarenganya kuko rwemeje ko isambu iburanwa Baganizi François yayihaweho umunani, kandi nyamara kuba Mukarugwiza Agnès na Mvuyekure Thomas barikuye mu rubanza kandi nabo bari abazungura bakomoka kuri Nyirahabinka Marie ari uko abazungura ba Baganizi François babahaye umurima wari guhabwa nyina, byerekana ko ikiburanwa ari umutungo usangiwe, akaba ari yo mpamvu basaba ko Urukiko rw’Ikirenga rwakwemeza ko uwo mutungo ugarurwa muri Succession Ruhabura Jean. [18] Me Vita

Bizimungu Guidon uhagarariye Nzabonimpa Déogratias, Twagirumukiza Jean na Nyirazirakamwa Solange, akanunganira Sebikari Oscar, bavuga ko abarega ari bo bandikishije umutungo uburanwa kuri Succesion Baganizi François ugahabwa UPI: 3/03/11/03/637 ndetse itongo rigizwe n’ingarigari baribaruza kuri Succession Ruhabura Jean, rihabwa UPI: 3/03/11/03/1616. Bavuga ko ibyo babikoze bazi neza ubutaka bwa Ruhabura Jean n’ubwa Baganizi François, kandi ko abahungu ba Ruhabura Jean bazunguye ubwo butaka nk’uko umuco wabiteganyaga icyo gihe, imigabane yabo bayibamo, bayikoreramo kugeza mu 1994 ubwo Baganizi François yapfaga. [19] Basobanura ko mbere yuko Ruhabura Jean apfa, yahaye iminani abahungu be batatu ari bo Kanyamugara Phocas, Rugabagaba Joachim (Frere) na Baganizi François, ko uruhare rwa Kanyamugara Phocas rwahawe abana be kuko we yari yarapfuye, ko buri wese yari afite imbago z’aho agarukira nk’uko Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Rubavu rwabibonye igihe rukora iperereza. Bongeraho ko umutungo wa Ruhabura Jean atawutanzeho umunani wose, kuko hasigaye ingarigari yaje no kubarurwa kuri Succession Ruhabura Jean, nyuma hagurishwa n’abazungura be. [20] Bavuga ko ibimenyetso bigaragaza ko isambu iburanwa ari iya Baganizi François harimo kuba:

2 Abahungu ba Baganizi François, bakaba n’abuzukuru ba RuhaburaJean. 3 Urubanza No RS/REV/INJUST/CIV 0015/14/CS rwaciwe rushingiye ku rubanza rwaciwe n’Umwami MUTARA RUDAHIGWA ku wa 02/02/1957, ubwo haburanwaga izungura ry’Umutware RWUBUSISI. Urwo rubanza rwavuze ko ihame ry’uko abana b’abahungu n’abakobwa banganya uburenganzira ryashyizwe mu bikorwa kuva kera. Mu icibwa ry’urwo rubanza kandi, Urukiko rwashingiye ku mahame Mpuzamahanga u Rwanda rwashyizeho umukono ashimangira ko uburenganzira bw’umwana w’umukobwa ku bijyanye n’izungura.

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i. Abatangabuhamya babajijwe harimo n’abatanzwe n’abarega ubwabo, baravuze ko bari abaturanyi ba Baganizi François kandi ko umutungo uburanwa wari uwe, kuko ariho yatuye kuva kera; ii. Hari bamwe mu batangabuhamya bakoreraga mu isambu iburanwa, bashyizwemo n’umwe mu bana ba Baganizi François; iii. Hari umuvandimwe wa Baganizi François wagurishije isambu ye kandi bashiki be ntibabigireho ikibazo kandi nyamara bari bahari; iv. Rugabagaba Joachim atarigeze agaragaza ko isambu iburanwa atari umutungo bwite wa Baganizi François. [21] Bakomeza bavuga ko ingingo ya 10 y’Itegeko No 43/2013 ryo ku wa 16/06/2013 rigenga ubutaka mu Rwanda iteganya ko ubutaka bw’umuntu ku giti cye bugizwe n’ubutaka atunze ku buryo bw’umuco cyangwa ubw’amategeko yanditse; kandi ko kuva mu 1976 Baganizi François yari atunze iyo sambu ntawe bayisangiye ndetse n’ibyavaga muri iyo sambu ntawe babisangiraga kugeza aho yiciwe muri Genocide yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994. Bavuga ko batiyumvisha impamvu Madamu Bernadette na Zaninka Espérance, barindiriye imyaka 48 kugira ngo bavuge ko iyo sambu itunzwe na Baganizi François, nabo bayifiteho uburenganzira. [22] Bavuga ko imanza abarega basaba ko zagenderwaho basanga zidahuje kamere n’ikiburanwa, kuko mu rubanza No RS/REV/INJUST/CIV/0015/14/CS, icyasuzumwaga ari umugabo n’umugore bapfuye mu 2004 nta mwana basize, naho urwaciwe n’Umwami w’u Rwanda Mutara III Rudahigwa

rwerekeye izungura ry’Umutware Rwubusisi, rukaba rwaravuze ko ibikozwe ari umwihariko w’Umutware Rwubusisi, ko indi migenzereze myiza yo mu muco w’Igihugu werekeye iraga n’izungura idahindutse. Abaregwa bavuga ko umuco wari uriho wateganyaga ko iminani ihabwa abana b’abahungu naho abakobwa bakagenerwa inzu y’uburushyi igihe babaga bananiwe n’urushako. [23] Mu iburanisha ryo ku wa 15/05/2024, ababuranyi babajijwe gusobanura abazungura ba Ruhabura Jean abo ari bo, abariho n’abatakiriho, abasize abazungura n’abatarabasize; gusobanura umutungo wa Ruhabura Jean wose n’aho uherereye ubu, ndetse no kugaragaza abawufite uburyo bawubonyemo. Banasabwe kugaragaza uwabaruje umutungo uburanwa uwo ari we. [24] Mu bisobanuro batanze, bose bagaragaje ko Ruhabura Jean yabyaye abana icyenda ariko hakaba hasigaye umwe gusa kuko abandi bose bapfuye, ko uriho ari (1) Madamu Bernadette wabyaye abana batanu bakiriho; abapfuye baka ari (2) Zaninka Espérance wasize abana batatu; (3) Rugabagaba Joachim wari umufurere utarashatse; (4) Kanyamugara Phocas wapfuye assize abana batatu ariko bakaba barapfuye, umwe muri bo akaba ari we wasize umwana witwa Bruno uba mu Budage; (5) Sebuhoro wapfuye atarashaka, (6) Ndengejeho nawe wapfuye atarashaka; (7) Nyirampirima Agnès udafite umukomokaho; (8) Nyirahabinka Marie wasize abana batanu bariho bose na (9) Baganizi François wasize abana barindwi ariko hakaba hariho bane, ari nabo bari muri uru rubanza. [25] Ku bijyanye n’umutungo wa Ruhabura Jean, bavuga ko ugizwe n’ubutaka bufite UPI: 3/03/11/03/637 bufite ubuso bwa M2 31.353 n’ubufite UPI: 3/03/11/03/1616 bufite ubuso bwa m2 713, akaba ari aho Ruhabura Jean yatujwe na Leta ahungutse, akaba ari naho yakomeje gutura. Me Kayitare Dieudonné avuga ko ari bwo butaka bwonyine bwa Ruhabura Jean, naho Me Vita

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Bizimungu Guidon na Sebikari Oscar bakavuga ko ubwo bufite UPI: 3/03/11/03/637 ari igice cyari cyarahawe Baganizi François, hakiyongeraho icyari cyarahawe Kanyamugara Phocas cyagurishijwe n’umwana we kikagurwa n’uwitwa Kajabo, n’icyari cyarahawe Rugabagaba Joachim nawe waje kukigurisha muri 1980 n’uwitwa Gashugi. Me Kayitare Dieudonné avuga ko ibyo bice bitirira Ruhabura Jean atari ibye, kuko ari ubutaka bwari ubw’abavandimwe be ari bo Rwandenzi na Milimo, ko aho bavuga hagurishijwe na Kanyamugara Phocas bitashoboka kuko yaguye muri Congo, kandi ko ubwo butaka bwagurishijwe n’uwitwa Ntawugayurwe, umukwe wa Milimo, abugurisha uwitwa Twagira, kandi na Sebikari yashyize umukono kuri ayo masezerano. [26] Ku bijyanye n’aho ubwo butaka buherereye n’uko ababufite babubonye, Me Kayitare Dieudonné avuga ko ubufite UPI: 3/03/11/03/1616 bwagurishijwe n’umuryango wose babyumvikanyeho naho ubufite UPI: 3/03/11/03/637 bwigaruriwe n’abazungura ba Baganizi François bakaba baranamaze kubwigabagabanya. Avuga ko nta munani Ruhabura Jean yigeze atanga kandi ko n’abavuga ko Baganizi François yahawe umunani batagaragaza igihe watangiwe. Agaragaza ko nyuma ya Jenoside yakorewe abatutsi Madamu Bernadette na Zaninka Espérance bakomeje gukorera muri ubwo butaka kugeza ubwo abaregwa babubakuyemo. Avuga ko hari abana ba Nyirahabinka Marie bitwa Mukarugwiza Agnes na Mvukiyehe Thomas bahawe buri wese

umurima, ibi bikaba bigaragaza ko ubutaka buburanwa ari ubwa Ruhabura Jean. Me Vita Bizimungu Guidon avuga ko ahaburanwa ari aho Baganizi François yahawe mu buryo bw’izungura kandi n’abandi bahungu ba Ruhabura Jean babonye uruhare rwabo, naho Sebikari Oscar avuga ko ubwo butaka ari ubwa se Baganizi François kandi yanabutunze na Ruhabura Jean akiriho, avuga ko n’ubufite UPI: 3/03/11/03/1616 bwari bufatanye n’ububuranwa, ariko ba nyirasenge babwomoyeho bakabubaruza kuri succession Ruhabura Jean, bakabihorera ngo bidatera amahane, abajijwe impamvu Ruhabura Jean yahaye umwana we umwe gusa n’aho we yaba yarasigaranye, avuga ko abandi bahungu be bari barapfuye badasize abana. [27] Ku bijyanye n’uwandikishije ubutaka, Me Kayitare Dieudonné avuga ko bwandikishijwe na Nsengiyumva Déo wari n’umuyobozi w’umudugudu wivugiye ko yabwanditse kuri succession Baganizi François kuko ari bo babuhingagamo, ko Madamu Bernadette we yabonye ibya ngombwa bisohotse gusa. Sebikari Oscar we avuga ko kubera ko bo bari bakiri abana abandi bari ku mashuri, ubutaka bwose bwabarujwe na Madamu Bernadette, ariko kuko yari ashaje bikorwa n’umukobwa we Mukaroni Alphonsine, ko ku cya ngombwa kimwe hariho umukono we naho ku kindi hakabaho igikumwe. [28] Mu rwego rwo gusobanukirwa neza n’ikiburanwa, Urukiko rwasanze mbere yo gufata icyemezo ari ngombwa ko rwigerera aho ikiburanwa kiri ndetse rukibariza

abatangabuhamya, maze ku wa 18/06/2024, Urukiko rujya aho ikiburanwa kiri mu Karere ka Rubavu, Umurenge wa Rubavu, Akagari ka Byahi, Umudugudu wa Ngungo, habazwa abatangabuhamya batandukanye hanatambagirwa isambu iburanwa. [29] Abatangabuhamya babajijwe bagaragaje ibi bikurikira: - Abemeza ko ahaburanwa ari aho Baganizi François yahaweho umunani ni Twagirayezu Dominique uvuga ko Ruhabura Jean yasize agabanyije imitungo abahungu be batatu kandi ko cyera nta munani wahabwaga abana b’abakobwa, na Nyirahabineza Thérèse uvuga ko uwo azi ari Baganizi François kuko Ruhabura Jean yari yarapfuye cyera. Undi ni Nsengiyumva Déo wemeza ko isambu ari iya Baganizi François kuko ntawundi azi, ko bajya kwandika isambu ku bazungura ba Baganizi François byatewe n’uko mu 2011

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Nyirahabimana Costasie yababwiye ko Sebikari Oscar ari we wamutije aho yahingaga, bahita bafata icyemezo cyo kubwandika kuri Se Baganizi, anongeraho ko Madamu Bernadette yamenye ko isambu yabaruwe kuri Baganizi François na Nyirahabimana Costasie kandi ntacyo yabivuzeho. Hari kandi na Mvukiyehe Thomas uvuga ko yakuze azi ko isambu iburanwa ari iya Baganizi François François. Aba bose kandi uretse Twagirayezu Dominique uvuga ko azi ko Ruhabura Jean yagabanyije abahungu be imitungo, na Nsengiyumva Déo uvuga ko yaje kuba mu mudugudu muri 2002 akaba atazi Ruhabura Jean, abandi babiri bavuga ko batazi iby’igabana ry’isambu ya Ruhabura Jean. - Abemeza ko isambu ari iya Ruhabura Jean kandi atigeze atanga iminani ni Mbarushimana Augustin uvuga ko aho Ruhabura Jean arwariye indwara yo mu muhogo yaje kumuhitana, isambu ye yose yasigaye icunzwe na Baganizi François kuko umuhungu umwe yari yaraguye muri Congo undi ari umufurere. Avuga ko ahubwo hari umuhungu wa Kanyamugara Phocas witwa Alexis wigeze gusaba Baganizi François ko nawe yabona uruhare ku mitungo yasizwe na Sekuru ariko ntiyarubona, ko kandi nyuma ya jenoside yakorewe abatutsi isambu yasigaye icungwa na Madamu Bernadette kuko abandi bari barishwe muri jenoside yakorewe abatutsi, akaba yaravanywemo ari uko atsinzwe mu rubanza. - Hari Nizeyimana Elias uvuga ko nta na rimwe yigeze yumva ko iyo sambu Ruhabura Jean yayigabanyije abana

be, ko ahubwo azi iby’umuhungu wa Kanyamugara Phocas witwa Alexis wakundaga guteza ikibazo, ajya gutema ibitoki muri iyo sambu, bigatuma agirana amakimbirane na Baganizi François. Avuga ko uyu Baganizi François ari we watemaga ibitoki byari muri iyo sambu. Undi ni Nyirahabimana Costasie uvuga ko we atazi Ruhabura Jean ariko yahinze iyo sambu imyaka 15 kandi amafaranga yayahaga Madamu Bernadette cyangwa abisengeneza be Nzabonimpa cyangwa Sebikari. Avuga ko yumvaga bavuga ko ari isambu ya Ruhabura Jean kandi na Madamu Bernadette yahingagamo kugeza igihe abisengeneza be bamukuriyemo. - Abandi bemeza ko isambu ari iya Ruhabura Jean ni Ngirirabatanyurwa Damien wunganiwe n’umugore we Fayida Petronille bavuga ko isambu iburanwa yose ari iya Ruhabura Jean, bakaba batazi iby’igabanywa ryayo kuko Ruhabura Jean yamaze igihe kinini arwaye indwara yo mu muhogo. Bavuga ko abakobwa be bari barashatse naho abahungu umwe yaguye muri Congo undi aba umufurere, Baganizi François akaba ari we wasigaranye na se mu isambu akaba ari ho abantu bahera bavuga ko isambu ari iye.

UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [30] Muri uru rubanza, abarega basaba ko umutungo wari ubaruye kuri UPI:3/03/11/03/6374 wavanwa kuri succession Baganizi François ukabarurwa kuri succession Ruhabura Jean, mu gihe abaregwa bo bavuga ko Ruhabura Jean yari yaragabanyije umutungo we abahungu be batatu, kuko abakobwa batagenerwaga iminani mu gihe byakorwaga, umutungo ubaruye kuri UPI:3/03/11/03/637 ukaba wari warahawe Baganizi François. Mu gusubiza ikibazo kiri mu rubanza, ni ngombwa ko habanza gusobanuka niba Madamu Bernadette na Zaninka Espérance hari uburenganzira bafite ku mutungo wa se Ruhabura Jean, hakanasobanuka niba Ruhabura Jean

4 Ubu abazungura ba Baganizi barawugabanye buri wese yandikwaho uwo yahawe muri iryo gabana.

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yarahaye umutungo uburanwa Baganizi François cyangwa niba warigaruriwe n’umuryango we, ukaba ugomba kugarurwa mu mutungo wa Ruhabura Jean. a. Ibijyanye n’uburenganzira bwa Madamu Bernadette na Zaninka Espérance ku mutungo wasizwe na Ruhabura Jean [31] Ingingo ya 3 y’Itegeko Nshinga rya Repubulika y’u Rwanda ryo mu 1962 ryakurikizwaga igihe Ruhabura Jean yapfaga mu mwaka wa 1976 iteganya ko: “Leta y’u Rwanda irangamiye uburenganzira bw’abaturage bose batavangura amoko, inkomoko, ibitsina cyangwa amadini.” U Rwanda kandi rwashyize umukono ku masezerano mpuzamahanga atandukanye abuza ivangura iryo ari ryo ryose harimo n’irishingiye ku gitsina5. [32] Ibijyanye n’uburenganzira bw’abagore kandi byafashweho umurongo no mu manza zitandukanye zagaragaje ko hashingiwe ku ngingo y’Itegeko Nshinga ryavuzwe haruguru, abagore nabo bari bafite uburenganzira ku mitungo y’ababyeyi babo cyangwa abo bashakanye mu buryo bwemewe n’amategeko harimo urubanza RCAA0006/15/CS6 rwemeje ko Itegeko Nshinga rya 1962 ryavuzwe haruguru ryemeraga ko abantu bose bangana imbere y’amategeko hatitawe (…) ku gitsina (…), rwemeza ko kuvuga ko U.B7 nta burenganzira yari afite bwo kuzungura umubyeyi we ngo kuko ari umukobwa nta shingiro bifite, rwemeza rutyo ko umukobwa afite uburenganzira ku mutungo wasizwe n’ababyeyi be. [33] Mu rubanza RS/REV/INJUST/CIV0015/14/CS8 rwasuzumye icyo inkiko zo mu bindi bihugu zivuga ku

ihame ryo kureshya imbere y’amategeko k’umugabo n’umugore, rusanga Urukiko rushinzwe kurinda Itegeko Nshinga muri Afurika y’Epfo rwaravuze ko “guheza abagore ku izungura ari ivangura rishimangira imyumvire ishaje ibangamiye igice cy’abantu cyakandamijwe, ryimakaza imico y’igisekuru n’ikandamiza ry’abagabo byose binyuranije n’uburenganzira ku buringanire buteganywa n’Itegeko Nshinga”. Rwanasanze kandi Urukiko rw’Ikirenga rw’Ubuhinde rwo ruvuga ko “ivangura rishingiye ku gitsina rihonyanga uburenganzira bwo kureshya imbere y’amategeko no kurengerwa kimwe nayo”. Urukiko rushingiye kuri izi manza zo mu bindi bihugu ndetse no ku ngingo ya 98, igika cya 2 y’Itegeko Nshinga rya Repubulika y’u Rwanda ryo ku wa 10/06/1991 yavugaga ko “umuco w’Igihugu ukurikizwa gusa iyo utasimbujwe itegeko kandi ntube unyuranije n’Itegeko Nshinga, amategeko, amabwiriza…” rwanzuye ko guheza (…) ku mutungo (…) bishimangira umuco wo gusumbanya abana b’abahungu n’ab’abakobwa (“privilège de masculinité”) kandi byimakaza guha amahirwe umuhungu gusa, naho umukobwa agahora afashwe nk’umwana uvugirwa na Se, umugabo yashatse cyangwa umukuru w’umuryango. Iyi myumvireikaba ibangamiye uburinganire ndets e

5 Muri ayo masezerano twavuga Itangazo Mpuzamahanga ku burengazira bwa Muntu ryo ku wa 10/121945 (ingingo ya 2 n’iya 7), ingingo ya 26 y’Amasezerano Mpuzamahanga yo ku wa 16 Ukuboza 1966 yerekeye Uburenganzira mu by’Imbonezamubano na Politiki, nk’uko yemejwe n’Itegeko-teka No 08/75 ryo ku wa 12/02/1975, ingingo ya 18.3 n’iya 21.2 z’Amasezerano Nyafurika yerekeye Uburenganzira bw’Ikiremwamuntu n’ubw’abaturage yo kuwa 27 Kamena 1981, nk’uko yemejwe n’itegeko No 10/1983 ryo kuwa 17/5/1983, n’ingingo ya 1 y’Amasezerano Mpuzamahanga yerekeye guca burundu ivangura iryo ari ryo ryose rikorerwa abagore yo ku ya mbere Gicurasi 1980 yemejwe n’Iteka rya Perezida N° 431/16 ryo ku wa 10/11/1981 6 Urubanza No RCAA0006/15/CS rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 10/02/2017 Nsanzabera Vincent yaburanaga na Bariganza Evangile n’undi 7 Yari umuburanyi muri urwo rubanza. 8 Urubanza RS/REV/INJUST/CIV0015/14/CS, Ntahonkiriye Félicien na bagenzi be aburana na Icyitegetse Léa n’undi rwaciwe ku wa 31/07/2015

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n’agaciro ka muntu kagomba guhabwa igitsina gore, ko kandi umuco ubangamiye ihame ry’Igihugu ry’uko abaturage bareshya imbere y’amategeko kandi barengerwa kimwe nayo nta gaciro wari ufite. [34] Muri uru rubanza, Urukiko rurasanga ibyo abaregwa bavuga ko mu gihe umubyeyi wabo yahabwaga umutungo abakobwa batari bafite uburenganzira kubera umuco nta shingiro byahabwa kuko nk’uko byasobanuwe haruguru, umuco ukurikizwa gusa iyo nta tegeko rihari, kandi mu gihe Ruhabura Jean yapfaga hariho Itegeko Nshinga rya 1962 ryashimangiraga uburenganzira bw’abaturage nta vangura. [35] Uretse n’ibyo kandi, na mbere y’iryo Tegeko Nshinga ni nawo murongo watanzwe n’Umwami w’u Rwanda Rudahigwa mu rubanza rwo ku wa 02/02/1956 ubwo yagabanyaga abakomoka ku mutware Rwubusisi umutungo we, akawugabanya ku buryo bungana abana b’abahungu n’ab’abakobwa. N’ubwo abaregwa bavuga ko uru rubanza rutashingirwaho ngo kuko Umwami yavuze ko bireba izungura rya Rwubusisi gusa, ibyo bavuga ntibyahabwa ishingiro, kuko atari byo Umwami yavuze. Ahubwo yahisemo kureshyeshya abahungu n’abakobwa muri aya magambo: “Dushingiye ku buryo busanzwe bwa kintu bugomba kutuyobora mu igorora n’itunganya ry’umuco w’igihugu twerekera mu nzira y’ubutabera no gushyira mu gaciro: Twemeje gushyira ku rugero rumwe abahungu n’abakobwa ba Rwubusisi mu by’iminani tudahinduye imigirire yindi myiza yo mu muco w’igihugu werekeye iraga

n’izungura”. Ikigaragara ni uko icyo Umwami yahinduye cyonyine muri uru rubanza mu rwego rwo kugorora umuco ari ibijyanye no kutaringaniza abana b’abahungu n’abakobwa mu bijyanye n’iraga n’izungura, ari yo mpamvu yavuze ko iyindi migirire idahindutse. [36] Hashingiwe ku bimaze gusobanurwa, uru Rukiko rurasanga umugore yaremerewe uburenganzira ku mutungo w’ababyeyi be cyangwa uwo bashakanye kuva cyera nk’uko bigaragazwa n’amategeko, amasezerano mpuzamahanga n’imanza byagaragajwe haruguru byakurikizwaga igihe Ruhabura Jean yariho n’igihe yapfiriye. Rurasanga Madamu Bernadette na Zaninka Espérance nabo bafite uburenganzira ku mutungo w’umubyeyi wabo Ruhabura Jean ku rwego rumwe n’urwa basaza babo, bakaba batagomba kuwuhezwaho. b. Kumenya niba Ruhabura Jean yarahaye umutungo uburanwa Baganizi François cyangwa niba warigaruriwe n’umuryango we [37] Abarega bavuga ko abazungura ba Baganizi François biyandikishijeho ubutaka buburanwa kandi ari ubwa Ruhabura Jean bose bafiteho uburenganzira, bakaba basaba ko bwagaruzwa bukandikwa kuri succession Ruhabura Jean kugira ngo bashobore kubugiraho uruhare nabo. Ababuranyi bose bemeranya kuri ibi bikurikira: - Ruhabura Jean yabyaye abana icyenda, ariko kugeza ubu bose barapfuye hakaba hasigaye umwe witwa Madamu Bernadette. Abana Ruhabura Jean yabyaye bapfuye ariko basize ababakomokaho ni Zaninka Espérance wasize abana batatu, Kanyamugara

Phocas we ufite umwuzukuru umwe uba mu Budage, Nyirahabinka Marie wasize abana batanu bariho bose na Baganizi François wasize abana bane. Abana ba Ruhabura Jean batasize ababakomokaho ni Rugabagaba Joachim wari umufurere, Sebuhoro, Ndengejeho na Nyirampirima Agnès. - Baganizi François ni we wari umuhererezi iwabo, akaba ari nawe wasigaranye n’ababyeyi be, akanasigara mu isambu aho ababyeyi bombi bapfiriye.

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- Ubutaka bufite UPI 3/03/11/03/1616 bwabarujwe kuri succession Ruhabura Jean, buza kugurishwa abazungura bose babyumvikanyeho kandi bagabana ibivuyemo. Ubwo butaka kandi ni aho Ruhabura Jean yatujwe na Leta ahungutse, bukaba budakomoka ku irage ry’ababyeyi be. [38] Ibyo batemeranyaho ni ibi bikurikira: - Abarega bavuga ko Ruhabura Jean nta munani yigeze atanga mu gihe abaregwa bavuga ko yahaye iminani abahungu be batatu ari bo Rugabagaba Joachim, Kanyamugara Phocas na Baganizi François, n’ubwo hari aho bagera bakavuga ko bahabonye mu buryo bw’izungura. - Abarega bavuga ko ibyo abaregwa bemeza ko hari umunani wahawe Rugabagaba Joachim na Kanyamugara Phocas atari ukuri, ahubwo ari imigabane y’abavandimwe ba Ruhabura Jean ari bo Milimo na Rwandenzi, mu gihe abaregwa bo bemeza ko hari aha Ruhabura Jean, akaba yarahahayeho abo bahungu be iminani, ariko bakaza kuyigurisha.  Ruhabura Jean yaba yaratanze iminani? [39] Mu miburanire y’abaregwa ntibagaragaza neza uburyo Baganizi François yahawemo umutungo uburanwa kuko mu myanzuro yabo bavuga ko yahahaweho umunani, ariko mu iburanisha rimwe bakavuga ko yahahawe nk’impano na se Ruhabura Jean, ubundi bakavuga ko ari mu buryo bw’izungura. [40] Urukiko rurasanga abatangabuhamya batandukanye babajijwe nta wemeza mu buryo budashidikanywaho ko Ruhabura Jean yatanze iminani. Abatangabuhamya babajijwe kandi bazi neza Ruhabura Jean kuko yapfuye

ari bakuru bazi ubwenge ari bo Mbarushimana Augustin (wavutse 1952), Nizeyimana Elias (wavutse 1967) na Ngirirabatanyurwa Damien (Wavutse mu 1955) bemeza neza ko batazi iby’itangwa ry’iminani kuko Ruhabura Jean yapfuye amaze iminsi arwaye indwara mu muhogo itaratumaga ashobora kuvuga ngo atange iminani. Bavuga ahubwo ko n’ikimenyimenyi hari umwana wa Kanyamugara Phocas witwa Alexis wakomeje gusaba guhabwa uruhare rwa se ku mutungo wa Ruhabura Jean. Aba batangabuhamya kandi bavuga ko Baganizi François ari we wari muto iwabo akaba yarabanaga mu mitungo n’ababyeyi be, ko aho Ruhabura Jean apfiriye ari we wayisigayemo, ariko n’abandi bagakomeza kuyisaruramo. [41] Iby’uko isambu yakomeje kuguma mu muryango wa Ruhabura Jean kandi bishimangirwa n’abatangabuhamya Nyirahabimana Costasie (wavutse 1963) wari warakodesheje iyo sambu ndetse na Fayida Petronille. Bavuga ko na nyuma ya jenoside yakorewe abatutsi muri 1994 yahitanye benshi mu muryango wa Ruhabura Jean harimo na Baganizi, isambu yakomeje gukorerwamo na Madamu Bernadette waje kuyikurwamo n’abaregwa. [42] Ibi byose biragaragaza ko isambu ya Ruhabura Jean yakomeje kuguma mu maboko y’umuryango kuko abo mu muryango we bari bahari bakomeje kuyikoreramo, batemamo ibitoki ndetse bakanayikodesha, aho Baganizi François apfiriye. [43] Ikindi kandi urebeye ku gishushanyo mbonera9 cy’isambu iburanwa hamwe n’iyindi yose yahoze ari iya Ruhabura Jean, usanga igizwe n’igice kiburanwa kiri mu kibaya n’ikindi kiri mu

9 Igishushanyo mbonera cyatanzwe n’umukozi wo mu biro bishinzwe ubutaka.

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makoro cyakaswemo ibibanza, igice kiri i musozi giteyeho ishyamba abarega bavuga ko ari ho hari itongo rya Ruhabura Jean, n’aho abaregwa bavuga ko hahawe Furere Rugabagaba Joachim akahagurisha, hakaba n’ikindi gice abaregwa bavuga ko cyahawe Kanyamugara Phocas. Igice cy’ishyamba n’ibibanza bibiri biri mu makoro byanditswe kuri Succession Baganizi François naho igice kiri mu kibaya kiburanwa n’ibindi bine biri mu makoro byanditse ku baregwa, kandi byose biruta kure cyane icyo abaregwa bavuga ko cyahawe Furere Rugabagaba Joachim, mu gihe ahitirirwa Kanyamugara Phocas naho hatangana n’ahanditse kuri Succession Baganizi François hose. [44] Iyo usesenguye neza ibyo abatangabuhamya bavuga ndetse n’ababuranyi ubwabo usanga koko Rugabagaba Joachim hari aho yagurishije, naho ahitirirwa Kanyamugara Phocas bigaragara ko haba harabohojwe igihe Ruhabura Jean yahungiraga muri Congo hakaba hatarigeze hagaruzwa. Usanga kandi aho hantu hatarigeze hahabwa Kanyamugara Phocas kuko we yaguye muri Congo, ndetse n’abana be bakaba bararerwaga na sekuru Ruhabura Jean, ndetse aho apfiriye, baje gusaba uruhare rwabo ku munani we. Biragaragara ko iyo ise aza kuba yarahawe umunani, ntibari kugaruka kuwusaba. [45] Ibi biragaragaza ko nta minani Ruhabura Jean yigeze atanga, ahubwo aho apfiriye, umuryango wakomeje gukorera mu isambu yose kugeza igihe abazungura ba Baganizi François biyandikishijeho umutungo

wose wari usigaye. Biragaragara kandi ko nta zungura ryigeze rishyirwa mu bikorwa kuko umuryango wose wakomeje gukorera mu isambu kugeza igihe imanza zitangiriye, Madamu Bernadette na Zaninka Espérance bakirukanwa mu mitungo. [46] Urukiko rurasanga ibyo abaregwa bavuga ko Ruhabura Jean yatanze iminani bitahabwa ishingiro kuko nk’uko bimaze gusobanurwa, umuryango wakomeje gukorera mu mutungo wose ndetse n’abatangabuhamya bavuga ko iminani yatanzwe usanga bashingira gusa ku kuba bazi ko Baganizi François ari we wari mu isambu iburanwa, kandi ibyo atari byo byemeza ko yari yarahahaweho umunani. Uwitwa Twagirayezu Dominique (wavutse 1963) ni we wenyine uvuga ko Ruhabura Jean yahaye abahungu be batatu iminani, aho abaregwa bari akaba ari ahahawe se Baganizi François, ko abakobwa nta munani bahabwaga. Ubu buhamya bwe ntibwashingirwaho hemezwa ko Ruhabura Jean yatanze iminani kuko mu kubazwa igihe iyo minani yatangiwe atashoboye kubigaragaza. N’ikimenyimenyi, avuga ko uwitwa Kanyamugara Phocas yahawe umunani yaragarutse mu Rwanda ngo kuko yajyaga aza, kandi nyamara yarahunganye na se Ruhabura Jean utarigeze agaruka mbere yo gutaha burundu, ndeste n’amasambu ye yari yarabohojwe igihe bahungaga. Ubuhamya bwa Nyirahabineza Thérèse, Nsengiyumva Deo na Mvukiyehe Thomas nabwo ntibwashingirwaho kuko byagaragaye ko batazi Ruhabura Jean wapfuye bataragera aho yari atuye. Bavuga gusa ko bazi ko

ahaburanwa ari aha Baganizi, ariko batazi uburyo habaye ahe, ko ibyo kuba yarahahaweho umunani akaba ari byo bumvise gusa. [47] Urukiko rurasanga kandi no kuvuga ko Madamu Bernadette yigeze kuburana avuga ko iyo sambu atari iye atari ukuri, kuko mu rubanza ruvugwa ntaho bigaragara, kandi n’ubundi ntiyari iye kuko yari iy’umuryango. Rurasanga kandi Madamu Bernadette atari we wabaruje isambu ndetse n’umukobwa we Mukaroni Alphonsine nta ruhare yabigizemo nk’uko bivugwa n’abaregwa, kuko ibi bivuguruzwa n’umutagabuhamya bitangiye ari we Nsengiyumva Déo uvuga ko amakuru y’ubutaka buburanwa yayahawe na Nyirahabimana Costasie wabukodeshaga gusa. Urukiko rurasanga ahubwo Baganizi François nk’umwana muto iwabo, ari we wakomeje kubana n’ababyeyi mu butaka bwose bwari ubwa Ruhabura Jean akanabusigaramo aho Ruhabura Jean

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apfiriye, akaba ari cyo gituma abatangabuhamya bamwe bavuga ko ari ubwe, kuko ari we bazi wabubayemo gusa kugeza igihe nawe apfiriye. Rurasanga Madamu Bernadette ari we wasigaye ubucunze kugeza igihe abana ba Baganizi François bakuriye bakabwibaruzaho bakanabumwirukanamo, we na Zaninka Espérance. [48] Hakurikijwe ibimaze gusobanurwa, Urukiko rurasanga Ruhabura Jean atarigeze atanga iminani. Rurasanga ahubwo umutungo uburanwa warakomeje gucungwa n’abagize umuryango bari bakiriho. Kumenya niba umutungo wa Ruhabura Jean warigaruriwe na succession Baganizi François [49] Urukiko rurasanga nk’uko byasobanuwe haruguru, nta minani yigeze itangwa, ahubwo Baganizi François yarabanye n’ababyeyi be muri uwo mutungo, akawusigaramo igihe ababyeyi be bapfiriye. Rurasanga rero warakomeje kuba uw’abazungura bose ba Ruhabura Jean, bityo kuba Succession Baganizi François yarawiyandikishijeho ikaba yaravukije abandi bakomoka kuri Ruhabura Jean uburenganzira bwabo ku mutungo ukomoka ku mubyeyi bahuriyeho nk’uko bwateganywaga n’ingingo ya 50 y’Itegeko N° 22/99 ryo ku wa 12/11/1999 ryuzuza igitabo cya mbere cy'urwunge rw'amategeko mbonezamubano kandi rishyiraho igice cya gatanu cyerekeye imicungire y'umutungo w'abashyingiranywe, impano n'izungura ryakurikizwaga igihe abazungura ba Baganizi François biyandishishagaho umutungo uburanwa, yateganyaga ko abana amategeko mbonezamubano yemera ko ari aba

nyakwigendera bazungura ku buryo bungana nta vangura hagati y'umwana w'umuhungu n'uw'umukobwa. Rurasanga rero abazungura ba Baganizi François barigaruriye isambu y’umuryango mu buryo bunyuranyije n’amategeko, ikaba igomba gusubizwa mu mutungo rusange wa Ruhabura Jean. [50] Urukiko rurasanga isambu iburanwa, ari nayo igomba kugarurwa mu mutungo rusange wa Ruhabura Jean, yari yanditswe kuri UPI 3/03/11/03/637, yarakaswemo ibibanza bitandukanye abazungura ba Baganizi François bigabanyije, bavuga ko bazungura umutungo w’umubyeyi wabo, ikaba yaravuyemo ibibanza bikurikira: UPI zanditswe kuri Nzabonimpa Deogratias n’umugore we: UPI: 3/03/11/03/3520; UPI: 3/03/11/03/3509; UPI: 3/03/11/03/3500; UPI: 3/03/11/03/3499; UPI: 3/03/11/03/3512; UPI: 3/03/11/03/3510; UPI zanditswe kuri Sebikari Oscar n’umugore we: UPI: 3/03/11/03/3522; UPI: 3/03/11/03/3502; UPI: 3/03/11/03/3506; UPI: 3/03/11/03/3507; UPI: 3/03/11/03/3498; UPI: 3/03/11/03/3508; UPI zanditswe kuri Twagirayezu Jean n’umugore we: UPI: 3/03/11/03/3523; UPI: 3/03/11/03/3513; UPI: 3/03/11/03/3505; UPI: 3/03/11/03/3501; UPI: 3/03/11/03/3516; UPI zanditswe kuri Nyirazirakamwa Solange: UPI: 3/03/11/03/3521; UPI: 3/03/11/03/3503; UPI: 3/03/11/03/3511; UPI: 3/03/11/03/3513; UPI: 3/03/11/03/3504. [51] Hashingiwe ku bisobanuro byose byatanzwe, Urukiko rurasanga umutungo uburanwa umaze kuvugwa mu gika kibanza, ari uw’abazungura ba Ruhabura Jean, ukaba ugomba kuzungurwa n’ababifitiye uburenganzira bose, nta vangura ribayeho. II.2. Kumenya niba hari indishyi zatangwa muri uru rubanza

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[52] Madamu Bernadette na Uwineza Diane basaba Urukiko ko rwategeka abaregwa kubasubiza 2.000.000 Frw bakoresheje bishyura Avoka wababuraniye. [53] Nzabonimpa Déogratias, Sebikari Oscar na Twagirumukiza Jean bavuga ko indishyi zasabwe n’abarega nta shingiro zahabwa kuko aribo bishoye mu manza kandi bazi neza ko ibyo baburana atari umutungo wabo. Bavuga ahubwo ko aribo bakwiye kuzigenerwa, maze Urukiko rugategeka abarega gutanga 5.000.000 Frw akubiyemo 4.000.000 Frw y’indishyi z’akababaro zo kubashora mu manza z’urudaca kuva mu 2018 kugeza uyu munsi na 1.000.000 Frw y’igihembo cya Avoka.

UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [54] Ingingo ya 111 y’Itegeko N⁰ 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi iteganya ko ikirego cy’amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza ari ikirego gishamikira ku kirego cy’iremezo kigamije kwishyuza ibyakoreshejwe mu rubanza. [55] Urukiko rurasanga indishyi z’akababaro zo gushorwa mu manza z’urudaca n’igihembo cya Avoka abaregwa basaba batazihabwa kuko batsinzwe urubanza. Rurasanga ahubwo abarega ari bo bakwiye kugenerwa amafaranga bishyuye Avoka kuri uru rwego, ariko kuko ayo basaba ari menshi kandi bakaba batayatangira ibimenyetso, bakaba bagenewe mu bushishozi bw’Urukiko 500.000 Frw. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO [56] Rwemeje ko ikirego cyatanzwe na Madamu Bernadette na Zaninka Espérance waje gusimburwa n’umwana we Uwineza Diane, gisaba gusubirishamo ku mpamvu z’akarengane urubanza No RCA 00071/2021/HC/MUS rwaciwe ku wa 12/10/2022 n’Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Musanze, gifite ishingiro; [57] Rwemeje ko umutungo wari ufite UPI: 3/03/11/03/637 ubu wagabanyijwemo ibibanza bikurikira wandikwa kuri succession Ruhabura Jean: UPI: 3/03/11/03/3520; UPI: 3/03/11/03/3509; UPI: 3/03/11/03/3500; UPI:3/03/11/03/3499; UPI: 3/03/11/03/3512; UPI: 3/03/11/03/3510; UPI zanditswe kuri Sebikari Oscar n’umugore we: UPI: 3/03/11/03/3522; UPI: 3/03/11/03/3502; UPI: 3/03/11/03/3506; UPI: 3/03/11/03/3507; UPI:

3/03/11/03/3498; UPI: 3/03/11/03/3508; UPI zanditswe kuri Twagirayezu Jean n’umugore we: UPI: 3/03/11/03/3523; UPI: 3/03/11/03/3513; UPI: 3/03/11/03/3505; UPI: 3/03/11/03/3501; UPI: 3/03/11/03/3516; UPI zanditswe kuri Nyirazirakamwa Solange: UPI: 3/03/11/03/3521; UPI: 3/03/11/03/3503; UPI: 3/03/11/03/3511; UPI: 3/03/11/03/3513; UPI: 3/03/11/03/3504 ; [58] Rutegetse Nzabonimpa Déogratias, Sebikari Oscar, Twagirumukiza Jean na Nyirazirakamwa Solange guha Madamu Bernadette na Uwineza Diane amafaranga bishyuye Avoka angana na 500.000 Frw.