MASASU v. RUTAYISIRE N’ ABANDI

# MASASU v. RUTAYISIRE N’ ABANDI

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2022-05-27 - Case/document no.: RCOMAA 00017/2022/CA, - Collection: Court of Appeal

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MASASU v. RUTAYISIRE N’ ABANDI [Rwanda URUKIKO RW UBUJURIRE – RCOMAA 00017/2022/CA, (Kamere, P.J.,) 27 Gicurasi 2022] Amasezerano – Amasezerano y’ ubwumvikane – Ubwumvikane hagati y’ ababuranyi mu Rukiko – Impaka ziri gahati y’ ababuranyi zisozwa mu bwumvikane iyo bumvikanye mbere y’ inteko ibaburanisha, bakemera ko ikibazo bari bafitanye cyakemutse hagati yabo, urukiko narwo rwemeza ko urubanza rwari hagati yabo rusoje – Itegeko Nº 45/2011 ryo ku wa 25/11/2011 rigenga amasezerano, ingingo ya 64. Incamake y’ ikibazo: Uwitwa Rutayisire Bernard yatanze ingwate y umutungo afatanije numufasha we Mukamusa Vestine muri BANK OF KIGALI (BK) kugira ngo ahabwe inguzanyo ya 6.467.700 Frw. Expertise yakoreshejwe na banki yagaragazaga ko uwo mutungo ufite agaciro ka 17.617.500Frw, ariko kuko batabashije kwishyura neza, BK Plc yandikira Umwanditsi Mukuru muri RDB imusaba gushyiraho uwo kugurisha ingwate kugira ngo hishyurwe umwenda wari usigaye. RDB yatanze icyemezo cya PERMIT TO SALE THE MORTGAGED PROPERTY yari ifite agaciro ka 17.617.500 Frw ubwo yandikishwaga, anashyiraho ushinzwe kugurisha ingwate witwa Me Uwanyiligira Delphine. Me Uwanyiligira Delphine yakoresheje igenagaciro (expertise) ry’umutungo watanzweho ingwate, iryo genagaciro ryagaragaje ko uwo mutungo ufite agaciro ka 5.160.000 Frw, muri cyamunara umutungo ugurishwa 5.210.000Frw. Rutayisire Bernard na Mukamusa Vestine ntibishimiye igenagaciro ryakozwe n’uwashinzwe kugurisha ingwate n’igiciro ingwate yagurishijweho kuko babonaga ko umutungo wabo wapfobejwe. Abahawe inguzanyo bareze uwagurishije ingwate mu Rukiko rw’Ubucuruzi, basaba ko cyamunara yateshwa agaciro. Kubera ko abarega batumvikanaga kuri Expertise yakoreshejwe na Me Uwanyiligira Delphine mu rwego rwo gukemura impaka Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi rwasabye ko Urwego rw’Abagenagaciro k’imitungo itimukanwa rwashyiraho abandi bagenagacaciro hakazakorwa igereranywa ry’ayo magenagaciro yakozwe kuri uwo mutungo. Umugenagaciro washyizweho n’Urwego rw’Abagenagaciro ku mitungo itimukanwa mu Rwanda yagaragaje ko umutungo wa Rutayisire Bernard na Mukamusa Vestine mu gihe urubanza rwaburanishwaga wari ufite gaciro ka 20.699.450 Frw, agaciro kadatandukanye cyane niyindi Expertise yagaragazaga agaciro ka 17.617.500Frw ubwo Rutayisire Bernard na Mukamusa Vestine bahabwaga inguzanyo ya BK Ltd. Abarega banavuze ko mu mihango yo guteza cyamunara hari ibitarubahirijwe birimo kutamenyeshwa igenagaciro n’amabwiriza y’igurisha ku gihe cyateganyijwe, kutamanika amatangazo no kutubahiriza ibihe byateganyijwe byatumye ingwate igurishwa ku giciro kigayitse kingana na 5.210.000Frw.

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Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi nyuma y’isesengura rwakijije urubanza rwemeza ko cyamunara yabaye ku mutungo utimukanwa wanditswe kuri Rutayisire Bernard na Mukamusa Vestine iteshejwe agaciro. Uwanyiligira Delphine ntiyishimiye iyo mikirize maze ajurira mu Rukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi, arusaba kongera gusuzuma niba koko atarubahirije ibiteganywa mu mabwiriza y’Umwanditsi Mukuru ku birebana no kumenyesha amabwiriza y’igurisha no ku kumanika amatangazo ya cyamunara ku murenge no ku ngwate, no gusuma niba yaragurishije ingwate ku giciro gito cyane, ugereranyije n’igenagaciro ryakozwe. Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rwakijije urubanza maze rwemeza ko ubujurire bwatanzwe na Uwanyiligira Delphine nta shingiro bufite, bityo ko imikirize y urubanza rwaciwe n urukiko rw ubucuruzi idahindutse. Masasu Mugemangango waguze isambu mu cyamunara yavuze ko yamenye ko cyamunara yateshejwe agaciro, yatanze ikirego atambamira urubanza rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi avuga ko ikirego cyo gutesha agaciro cyamunara cyatanzwe na Rutayisire Bernard na Mukamusa Vestine kitagombaga kwakirwa, yongera atanga ikirego cyihutirwa asaba ko urubanza rwaciwe n urukiko rukuru rw ubucuruzi rutarangizwa kandi urubanza remezo rutaracibwa. Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rwasanze nta mpamvu zikwiye kandi zihagije zatuma hategekwa ko Urubanza rutarangizwa. Masasu Mugengangabo ntiyishimiye icyo cyemezo akijurira mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire avuga ko Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rwamurenganyije kuko rwanze guhagarika irangizarubanza. Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rwasanze nta makosa yakozwe mu icibwa ry’urubanza RCOM 00009/2020/HCC, kandi Urukiko rwasanze urubanza RCOMA 00081/2019/HCC rwararangijwe ibintu byarasubiye uko byari bimenze mbere y’uko cyamunara iba. Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rwemeje ko nta gihindutse. Mu rubanza rw’iremezo Rutayisire Bernard na Mukamusa Vestine batanze inzitizi yo kutakira ugutambama kwa Masasu Mugemangango bavuga nta bubasha bwo gutambama afite kuko adafite icyangombwa cy umutungo yari yaraguze kuberako cyamunara yateshejwe agaciro. Masasu Mugengangabo avuga ko inzitizi nta shingiro zifite, kuko uwo mutungo yawuguze mu cyamunara bityo ko afite ububasha bwo kuwutambamira kuko urukiko rwemeje ko cyamunara iteshwa agaciro. Urukiko Rukuru rw Ubucuruzi rwemeje ko ikirego cyatanzwe na Masasu cyo gutambamira urubanza nta shingiro gifite. Masasu Mugengangabo yajuriye mu Rukiko rw Ubujurire avuga ko anenga Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rwaratesheje agaciro cyamunara kandi yarakozwe mu buryo bukurikije amategeko, rutamugeneye indishyi z’akababaro n’inyungu zikomoka ku mafaranga yatanze agura umutungo mu cyamunara atashubijwe, rutamugeneye inyungu z’ibikorwa yashyize mu mutungoyaguze. Ku munsi w iburanisha, imbere y’Inteko iburanisha, ababuranyi biyemeje kurangiza ikibazo bari bafitanye mu bwumvikane, urubanza bari bafitanye muri Rukiko rw Ubujurire.

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Incamake y icyemezo: Impaka ziri gahati y’ababuranyi zisozwa mu bwumvikane iyo bumvikanye mbere y’ inteko ibaburanisha, bakemera ko ikibazo bari bafitanye cyakemutse hagati yabo, urukiko narwo rwemeza ko urubanza rwari hagati yabo rusoje. Impaka zari hagati y’ ababuranyi zisojwe mu bwumvikane. Amagarama y’ urubanza ahwanye nibyarukozwemo. Amategeko yashingiweho: Itegeko Nº 45/2011 ryo ku wa 25/11/2011 rigenga amasezerano, ingingo ya 64. Imanza zifashishijwe. Urubanza I.IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA [1] Ku wa 05/06/2018, uwashinzwe kugurisha ingwate (Receiver), Me Uwanyiligira Delphine, yakoze Cyamunara y’umutungo w’isambu ya Rutayisire Bernard afatanyije na Mukamusa Vestine (bashakanye) ibaruye kuri UPI: 5/07/10/01/2746 ifite ibipimo by’Ubuso bwa 11.745 sqm, iriho ibihingwa by’imbuto (Avocat, urutoki n’ibiti by’amaronji n’ibindi...), yubatsweho n’amazu yo guturamo n’ay’ubworozi bw’inzuki. Iyo sambu ikaba iherereye mu ntara y’Iburasirazuba, mu karere ka Bugesera, umurenge wa Nyamata, akagari ka Kinazi, umudugudu wa Cyeru. Rutayisire Bernard yayitanzeho ingwate muri BANK OF KIGALI (BK) kugira ngo ahabwe inguzanyo ya 6.467.700 Frw. Expertise yo ku wa 17/05/2013 yakoreshejwe na BANK OF KIGALI (BK) Plc ijya gutanga inguzanyo yagaragazaga ko uwo mutungo ufite agaciro ka 17.617.500Frw; [2] Rutayisire Bernard na Mukamusa Vestine ntibashoboye kwishyura neza inguzanyo maze BK Plc, yandikira Umwanditsi Mukuru muri RDB imusaba gushyiraho uwo kugurisha ingwate kugira ngo hishyurwe umwenda wari usigaye. Ku wa 30/04/2018, RDB yatanze Icyemezo “PERMIT TO SALE THE MORTGAGED PROPERTY n°018 – 026987” yari ifite agaciro ka 17.617.500 Frw ubwo yandikishwaga, anashyiraho ushinzwe kugurisha ingwate witwa Me Uwanyiligira Delphine. Me Uwanyiligira Delphine yakoresheje igenagaciro (expertise) ry’umutungo watanzweho ingwate, iryo genagaciro ryagaragaje ko uwo mutungo ufite agaciro ka 5.160.000 Frw, muri cyamunara umutungo ugurishwa 5.210.000 Frw. Rutayisire Bernard na Mukamusa Vestine ntibishimiye igenagaciro ryakozwe n’uwashinzwe kugurisha ingwate n’igiciro ingwate yagurishijweho kuko babonaga ko umutungo wabo wapfobejwe; [3] Rutayisire Bernard na Mukamusa Vestine bareze uwagurishije ingwate Me Uwanyiligira Delphine mu Rukiko rw’Ubucuruzi, ikirego cyanditswe kuri RCOM 00647/2018/TC, basaba ko cyamunara yateshwa agaciro. Kubera ko abarega batumvikanaga kuri Expertise yakoreshejwe na Me Uwanyiligira Delphine mu rwego rwo gukemura impaka Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi rwasabye

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ko Urwego rw’Abagenagaciro k’imitungo itimukanwa rwashyiraho abandi bagenagacaciro hakazakorwa igereranywa ry’ayo magenagaciro yakozwe kuri uwo mutungo; [4] Umugenagaciro washyizweho n’Urwego rw’Abagenagaciro ku mitungo itimukanwa mu Rwanda yagaragaje ko umutungo wa Rutayisire Bernard na Mukamusa Vestine mu gihe urubanza rwaburanishwaga wari ufite gaciro ka 20.699.450 Frw, agaciro kadatandukanye cyane na Expertise yo ku wa 17/5/2013 yagaragazaga agaciro ka 17.617.500Frw ubwo Rutayisire Bernard na Mukamusa Vestine bahabwaga inguzanyo ya BK Ltd. Abarega banavuze ko mu mihango yo guteza cyamunara, hari ibitarubahirijwe birimo kutamenyeshwa igenagaciro n’amabwiriza y’igurisha ku gihe cyateganyijwe; kutamanika amatangazo no kutubahiriza ibihe byateganyijwe byatumye ingwate igurishwa ku giciro kigayitse (5.210.000 Frw) kandi batishimiye; [5] Uwashinzwe kugurisha ingwate ari we Me Uwanyiligira Delphine yavuze ko ku wa 30/04/2018 Umwanditsi Mukuru yamuhaye inshingano mu cyemezo n°018-026986 cyo kugurisha mu cyamunara umutungo wa Rutayisire Bernard na Mukamusa Vestine batanzeho ingwate muri BK Ltd ko uwo munsi kandi yatanze n'icyemezo "PERMIT TO SALE" gifite n°018026987, byose bimenyeshwa Rutayisire Bernard. Mu nshingano yahawe hakaba harimo gukora amabwiriza azagenga cyamunara, muri yo harimo amatangazo ya radio, umurenge n'imvaho, ndetse n'igenagaciro, ko ibyo byose byamaze kwemezwa n'Umwanditsi Mukuru atanga “Approval of Selling Terms", amabwiriza agenga igurisha amenyeshwa Rutayisire Bernard ku wa 29/05/2018. Cyamunara ya mbere yari iteganyijwe ku wa 29/05/2018 uwo munsi ntabwo umukiliya yabonetse cyamunara irasubikwa yimurirwa ku wa 05/06/2018 uwo munsi umukiliya araboneka ingwate iragurishwa. Me Uwanyiligira Delphine avuga ko ibyo yagombaga gukora byose yabikoze akaba nta mpamvu yo kuregwa mu Rukiko; [6] Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi rwasesenguye ibibazo birebana no kumenya niba impamvu Rutayisire Bernard na Mukamusa Vestine bashingiraho ikirego cyabo gisaba gutesha agaciro cyamunara zahabwa ishingiro maze hagasuzumwa kandi hakagaragazwa amakosa aregwa Me Uwanyirigira Delphine yakoze mu itegurwa n’ikorwa rya cyamunara isabirwa guteshwa agaciro, rwanasesenguye ikirego cy’indishyi, ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka byasabwe n’abarega. [7] Ku wa 31/12/2018 Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi nyuma y’isesengura rwakijije urubanza rwemeza ko cyamunara yabaye ku wa 05/06/2018 ikorewe ku mutungo utimukanwa wanditswe kuri Rutayisire Bernard na Mukamusa Vestine, uri mu Kibanza n° UPI 5/07/10/01/2746 giherereye mu mudugudu wa Cyeru, akagari ka Kanazi, umurenge wa Nyamata, akarere ka Bugesera, intara y’Iburasirazuba iteshejwe agaciro, rutegeka ko Uwanyiligira Delphine agomba guha Rutayisire Bernard na Mukamusa Vestine amafaranga ibihumbi magana atandatu (600.000 Frw) ahwanye n’ikurikiranarubanza, igihembo cya Avoka n’indishyi zo gushorwa mu manza atayatanga ku neza, urubanza rumaze kuba ndakuka akishyuzwa ku ngufu za Leta. [8] Uwanyiligira Delphine ntiyishimiye iyo mikirize, ajuririra Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi ikirego cyanditswe kuri RCOMA 00081/2019/HCC, arusaba kongera gusuzuma niba koko atarubahirije ibiteganywa mu ngingo ya 8 n’iya 10 y’Amabwiriza y’Umwanditsi Mukuru ku birebana no kumenyesha amabwiriza y’igurisha no ku kumanika amatangazo ya cyamunara ku murenge no ku ngwate, no gusuma niba yaragurishije ingwate ku giciro gito cyane, ugereranyije

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n’igenagaciro ryakozwe bitegetswe n’Urukiko, niba Rutayisire Bernard yarubahirije ibiteganwa n’ingingo ya 36 y'Itegeko ryerekeye igenagaciro ry'umutungo utimukanwa no gusuzuma niba indishyi zaciwe Uwanyiligira Delphine zifite ishingiro. [9] Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rwasesenguye ibibazo bijyanye no kumenya niba Me Uwanyiligira Delphine yarubahirije ibyo Amabwiriza y’Umwanditsi Mukuru ateganya, ku birebana no kumenyesha Amabwiriza y’igurisha nyir’umutungo ugiye gutezwa cyamunara, kumenya niba Uwanyiligira Delphine yarubahirije ibyo amabwiriza y’Umwanditsi Mukuru ateganya ku birebana no kumanika amatangazo ya cyamunara ku murenge no ku ngwate, niba Uwanyiligira Delphine yaragurishije ingwate ku giciro gito cyane, ugereranyije n’igenagaciro ryakozwe bitegetswe n’Urukiko, niba Rutayisire Bernard yarubahirije ibiteganwa n’ingingo ya 36 y'Itegeko ryerekeye igenagaciro ry'umutungo utimukanwa, no gusuzuma ibirebana n’indishyi zasabwe. [10] Ku wa 08/05/2019, Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rwakijije urubanza rwemeza ko ubujurire bwatanzwe na Uwanyiligira Delphine nta shingiro bufite, ko imikirize y’urubanza rwajuririwe RCOM 00647/2018/TC, uko rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi, ku wa 31/12/2018, idahindutse. Rwakijije runategeka ko Uwanyiligira Delphine agomba guha Rutayisire Bernard na Mukamusa Vestine, bose icyarimwe muri ubu bujurire, 500.000 Frw y’igihembo cya Avoka na 100.000 Frw y’ikurikiranarubanza; [11] Masasu Mugemangango waguze isambu mu cyamunara cyo ku wa 05/06/2018 yavuze ko yamenye ko cyamunara yateshejwe agaciro abibwiye n’uwari uje kumumenyesha ko Rutayisire Bernard ashaka gusubirana umutungo we. Masasu Mugemangango kuko atigeze amenyeshwa iby’izo manza. Ku wa 27/02/2020 yatanze ikirego atambamira urubanza RCOMA 00081/2019/HCC rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi ku wa 08/05/2019, ikirego cyanditswe kuri RCOMA 00191/2020/HCC avuga ko ikirego cyo gutesha agaciro cyamunara cyatanzwe na Rutayisire Bernard na Mukamusa Vestine kitagombaga kwakirwa; [12] Mu gihe Masasu Mugengangabo yatangaga ikirego gitambamira urubanza RCOMA 00081/2019/HCC, yanatanze ikirego cyihutirwa gishamikiye kuri RCOMA 00191/2020/HCC, gihabwa RCOM 00009/2020/HCC asaba ko urubanza RCOMA 00081/2019/HCC rutarangizwa urubanza remezo rutaracibwa. Ku wa 20/05/2020, Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rwasanze nta mpamvu zikwiye kandi zihagije zatuma hategekwa ko Urubanza RCOMA 00081/2019/HCC rwaciwe ku wa 08/05/2019 rutarangizwa mbere y’uko urubanza RCOMA 00191/2020/HCC. [13] Masasu Mugengangabo ntiyishimiye icyo cyemezo akijurira mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire, ubujurire bwanditswe kuri RCOMA 00004/2020/CA, avuga ko Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rwamurenganyije kuko rwanze guhagarika irangizarubanza, ko mu gihe rwaba rurangijwe byabangamira inyungu ze bikamutera n’igihombo. Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rwasanze nta makosa yakozwe mu icibwa ry’urubanza RCOM 00009/2020/HCC, kandi Urukiko rwasanze urubanza RCOMA 00081/2019/HCC rwararangijwe ibintu byarasubiye uko byari bimenze mbere y’uko cyamunara iba. Ku wa 04/09/2020, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rwemeje ko nta gihindutse ku rubanza RCOM 00009/2020/HCC rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi ku wa 20/05/2020. [14] Mu rubanza rw’iremezo Rutayisire Bernard na Mukamusa Vestine batanze inzitizi yo kutakira ugutambama kwa Masasu Mugemangango.

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[15] Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rwasuzumye ibibazo bijyanye no kumenya niba ikirego cya Masasu Mugengangabo cyo gutambamira urubanza RCOMA 00081/2019/HCC kidakwiye kwakirwa; ibijyanye no kumenya niba ikirego cyo gutesha agaciro cyamunara cyatanzwe na Rutayisire Bernard na Mukamusa Vestine, mu rubanza RCOM 00647/2018/TC kitaragombaga kwakirwa, kumenya niba Urukiko rwatesha agaciro imikirize y’urubanza RCOMA 00081/2019/HCC kuko rubangamiye inyungu za Masasu Mugengangabo utarigeze aruburana no kumenya niba Masasu Mugengangabo, Rutayisire Bernard, Mukamusa Vestine na BK Plc bakwiye guhabwa indishyi basabye. [16] Ku bijyanye no kumenya niba ikirego cya Masasu Mugengangabo cyo gutambamira urubanza RCOMA 00081/2019/HCC kidakwiye kwakirwa, Rutayisire Bernard na Me Ngezahayo Emmanuel umwunganira akanahagararira Mukamusa Vestine, bagaragaje mu nzitizi ko ikirego cya Masasu Mugengangabo kidakwiye kwakirwa kuko adafite ububasha bwo gutambamira urubanza RCOMA 00081/2019/HCC, kuko adafite icyangombwa cyemeza nyir’umutungo UPI: 5/07/10/01/2746, ko ahubwo icyo cyangombwa gifitwe na Mukamusa Vestine na Rutayisire Bernard bashubijwe ububasha bwabo kuri uwo mutungo guhera ku wa 26/05/2020. [17] Rutayisire Bernard na Me Ngezahayo Emmanuel umwunganira akanahagararira Mukamusa Vestine, bagaragaje ko ikirego cya Masasu Mugengangabo kitari gikwiye kwakirwa kuko urubanza RCOMA 00081/2019/HCC yatambamiye, rutafashwemo icyemezo mu mizi, ko mu gika cya 38 mu mikirize y’urwo rubanza, Urukiko rwemeje ko ubujurire nta shingiro bufite, rwemeza ko nta gihindutse mu mikirize y’urubanza RCOM 00647/2018/TC, ko Masasu Mugengangabo yagombaga gutambamira urubanza RCOM 00647/2018/TC, hashingiwe ku biteganywa n’ingingo ya 161 igika cya 3 cy’Itegeko N°22/2018 cyo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza mbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi. [18] Masasu Mugengangabo wunganiwe na Me Zitoni Pierre Claver afatanyije na Me Nkurunziza Jean Damascène, bagaragaje ko inzitizi zatanzwe na Rutayisire Bernard na Mukamusa Vestine, nta shingiro zifite, kuko uwo mutungo ufite UPI: 5/07/10/01/2746 uburanwa, Masasu Mugengangabo yawuguze mu cyamunara bityo ko afite ububasha bwo gutambamira urubanza RCOMA 00081/2019/HCC, aho rwemeje ko cyamunara iteshwa agaciro. [19] Masasu Mugengangabo n’abamwunganira, bagaragaje kandi ko urubanza RCOMA 00081/2019/HCC rwaburanishijwe mu mizi, bityo ko ari rwo rwagombaga gutambamirwa. [20] Me Mutuyimana Clémentine uhagarariye Uwanyirigira Delphine, yagaragaje ko inzitizi zatanzwe na Rutayisire Bernard na Mukamusa Vestine, nta shingiro zifite, ko Masasu Mugengangabo afite ububasha bwo gutambamira urubanza RCOMA 00081/2019/HCC kuko ari we waguze mu cyamunara umutungo UPI 5/07/10/01/2746; ko kandi urubanza RCOMA 00081/2019/HCC rwaburanishijwe mu mizi, akaba ari rwo rwagombaga gutambamirwa; [21] Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rwasanze Masasu Mugengangabo ari we waguze muri cyamunara yo ku wa 05/06/2018 umutungo wanditse kuri UPI: 5/07/10/01/2746, bikaba binagaragara ko atabaye umuburanyi mu rubanza RCOMA 00081/2019/HCC yatambamiye, muri urwo rubanza, hakaba haremejwe ko cyamunara yo ku wa 05/06/2018, ikomeza guteshwa agaciro nk’uko byari byaremejwe mu rubanza RCOM 00647/2018/TC rwari rwajuririwe;

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[22] Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rushingiye ku ngingo ya 162 igika cya 1 y’Itegeko No 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018, ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, nk’uko ryahinduwe kugeza ubu, ku bijyanye n’abemerewe gutambamira urubanza, iteganya ko umuntu utareze cyangwa ngo aregwe mu rubanza ariko arufitemo inyungu, ashobora gutambamira urwo rubanza rumurenganya ashaka ko rusubirwamo iyo, ari we cyangwa ari n’abo ahagarariye nta warutumiwemo, rwasanze Masasu Mugengangabo yari afite ububasha bwo gutambamira urubanza RCOMA 00081/2019/HCC, kuko atarubayemo umuburanyi, kandi akaba afite n’inyungu yo kurutambamira kuko ari we waguze mu cyamunara umutungo wanditse kuri UPI: 5/07/10/01/2746, akaba ashaka ko rusubirwamo kuko cyamunara yateshejwe agaciro; naho iby’uko MASASU Mugengangabo adafite ububasha bwo gutambamira urubanza RCOMA 00081/2019/HCC kuko adafite icyangombwa cyemeza nyir’umutungo UPI: 5/07/10/01/2746, bikaba nta shingiro bifite kuko kugira ububasha bwo gutambamira urubanza RCOMA 00081/2019/HCC, bidashingira ku kuba Masasu Mugengangabo afite cyangwa adafite icyangombwa cy’umutungo UPI: 5/07/10/01/2746. [23] Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rushingiye kandi ku ngingo ya 161 igika cya 3 y’Itegeko No22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018, iteganya ko hatambamirwa urubanza rwafashwemo icyemezo mu mizi kandi rutagishoboye kujuririrwa; ko hashingiwe ku biteganywa n’iyo ngingo, Urukiko rusanga iby’uko Masasu Mugengangabo yagombaga gutambamira urubanza RCOM 00647/2018/TC nta shingiro bifite kuko urubanza RCOMA 00081/2019/HCC rwaburanishijwe mu mizi, hashingiwe ku mpamvu z’ubujurire zinyuranye zagaragajwe na Me Uwanyirigira Delphine wari wajuriye; Urukiko rukaba nyuma yo kuzisuzuma, rwaremeje ko ubujurire bwe nta shingiro bufite. Urukiko nyuma y’isesengura rwakoze rwasanze inzitizi zatanzwe na Rutayisire Bernard na Mukamusa Vestine nta shingiro zifite, ko ikirego cyatanzwe na Masasu Mugengangabo gikwiye kwakirwa. [24] Ku bijyanye no kumenya niba ikirego cyo gutesha agaciro cyamunara cyatanzwe na Rutayisire Bernard na Mukamusa Vestine, mu rubanza RCOM 00647/2018/TC, kitaragombaga kwakirwa, Masasu Mugengangabo n’abamwunganira, bagaragaje ko ikirego cyo gutesha agaciro cyamunara cyatanzwe na Rutayisire Bernard na Mukamusa Vestine, mu rubanza RCOM 00647/2018/TC, kitagombaga kwakirwa, kuko cyamunara yabaye ku wa 05/06/2018, batanga ikirego ku wa 24/06/2018, bikaba bigaragara ko bagitanze hashize iminsi 19 cyamunara ibaye, aho kuba iminsi 15 nk’uko biteganywa n’ingingo ya 260 y’Itegeko No 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018, ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, nk’uko ryahinduwe kugeza ubu; bityo ko urubanza RCOM 00647/2018/TC n’urubanza RCOMA 00081/2019/HCC rwatambamiwe zateshwa agaciro. [25] Rutayisire Bernard na Me Ngezahayo Emmanuel umwunganira akanahagararira Mukamusa Vestine, bagaragaje ko iminsi 15 yo gutanga ikirego cyo gutesha agaciro cyamunara yubahirijwe, ko iminsi ivugwa iteganywa n’Itegeko ari iminsi y’akazi. [26] Me Mutuyimana Clémentine uhagarariye Me Uwanyirigira Delphine, yagaragaje ko Urukiko rwazabisuzuma, rukareba niba iminsi 15 yarubahirijwe, mu gutanga ikirego cyo gutesha agaciro cyamunara yabaye ku wa 05/06/2018.

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[27] Me Biseruka Frank uhagarariye BK Plc mu izina ry’umuyobozi wayo, yagaragaje ko iby’uko iminsi 15 yo gutanga ikirego cyo gutesha agaciro cyamunara itubahirijwe, bitareba BK Plc. [28] Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rushingiye ku ngingo ya 260, 274, 275 na 276 z’Itegeko No 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryavuzwe haruguru, rwasanze igihe cy’iminsi itarenze 15 giteganywa mu ngingo ya 260 igika cya 4, kigomba kubarwa mu buryo buteganywa n’izo ngingo. Iminsi itarenze 15 yo gutanga ikirego cyo gutesha agaciro cyamunara, ikaba igomba kubarwa uhereye umunsi cyamunara yabereyeho, iminsi y’ikiruhuko yemewe n’iminsi y’impera y’icyumweru, ikaba itagomba kubarwamo, Urukiko rukaba rwarasanze ikirego cyo gutesha agaciro cyamunara yo ku wa 05/06/2018 cyatanzwe na Rutayisire Bernard na Mukamusa Vestine, mu rubanza RCOM 00647/2018/TC, cyaragombaga kwakirwa kuko cyamunara yabaye ku wa 05/06/2018, ikirego gitangwa ku wa 24/06/2018, bikaba bigaragara ko iminsi itarenze 15 yo gutanga ikirego uhereye umunsi cyamunara yabereyeho, yubahirijwe kuko umunsi wa nyuma wo gutanga ikirego wari ku wa 25/06/2018; [29] Mu kugaragaza ko ikirego cyo gutesha agaciro cyamunara cyatanzwe na Rutayisire Bernard na Mukamusa Vestine, mu rubanza RCOM 00647/2018/TC, kitagombaga kwakirwa, ko bagitanze hashize iminsi 19 cyamunara ibaye; Urukiko rwasanze Masasu Mugengangabo n’abunganizi be, bashingiye ku rubanza RCOMAA 00067/2019/CA rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 31/01/2020, aho mu gika cya 27 mu mikirize y’urwo rubanza RCOMAA 00067/2019/CA, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rwaragaragaje ko umuntu utishimiye ibyavuye muri cyamunara, agomba kwandikira Umwanditsi Mukuru, mu minsi 10 cyamunara ibaye; bityo hashingiwe ku murongo watanzwe muri urwo rubanza, hagashingirwa no ku bisobanuro byatanzwe, Urukiko rwasanze Rutayisire Bernard na Mukamusa Vestine barubahirije icyo gihe cy’iminsi 10 kuko bigaragara ko bandikiye Umwanditsi Mukuru ku wa 18/06/2018, bamusaba gutesha agaciro cyamunara yo ku wa 05/06/2018. [30] Urukiko rwanasanze nyuma yo kwandikira Umwanditsi Mukuru ku wa 18/06/2018 bamusaba gutesha agaciro cyamunara yo ku wa 05/06/2018, bigaragara ko Rutayisire Bernard na Mukamusa Vestine batanze ikirego mu Rukiko rw’Ubucuruzi ku wa 24/06/2018 basaba Urukiko gutesha agaciro iyo cyamunara, bikaba bigaragara ko bubahirije igihe kitarenze iminsi 5 y’akazi, bagombaga gutangamo ikirego mu Rukiko, mu gihe batishimiye igisubizo cy’Umwanditsi Mukuru cyagombaga gutangwa mu gihe kitarenze iminsi 3 y’akazi cyangwa ntabasubize muri icyo gihe; bityo Urukiko rusanga hashingiwe ku murongo watanzwe mu rubanza RCOMAA 00067/2019/CA, ku bijyanye n’icyakorwa mu gihe umuntu atishimiye ibyavuye muri cyamunara, bigaragara ko ikirego cyatanzwe na Rutayisire Bernard na Mukamusa Vestine, mu rubanza RCOM 00647/2018/TC, cyagombaga kwakirwa kuko cyamunara yabaye ku wa 05/06/2018, ikirego gitangwa ku wa 24/06/2018, bikaba bigaragara ko iminsi itarenze 15 yo gutanga ikirego uhereye umunsi cyamunara yabereyeho, yubahirijwe kuko umunsi wa nyuma wo gutanga ikirego wari ku wa 25/06/2018; [31] Ku bijyanye no kumenya niba Urukiko rwatesha agaciro imikirize y’urubanza RCOMA 00081/2019/HCC kuko rubangamiye inyungu za Masasu Mugengangabo utarigeze aruburana, Masasu Mugengangabo, n’abamwunganira, bagaragaje ko Urukiko rwatesha agaciro imikirize y’urubanza RCOMA 00081/2019/HCC kuko rubangamiye inyungu za Masasu Mugengangabo

## Page 9

utarigeze aruburana, ko iyo aruburana yari kugaragaza ko cyamunara yabaye mu buryo bukurikije amategeko, ko itagombaga guteshwa agaciro; [32] Rutayisire Bernard na Me Ngezahayo Emmanuel umwunganira akanahagararira Mukamusa Vestine, bagaragaje ko Masasu Mugengangabo atagaragaza icyo anenga imikirize y’urubanza RCOMA 00081/2019/HCC yatambamiye, nk’uko biteganywa n’ingingo ya 161 igika cya 2 cy’Itegeko N°22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza mbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi. [33] Uhagarariye Uwanyirigira Delphine, yagaragaje ko cyamunara yabaye ku wa 05/06/2018 ku mutungo UPI : 5/07/10/01/2746, itagombaga guteshwa agaciro. [34] Uhagarariye BK Plc mu izina ry’umuyobozi wayo, yagaragaje ko kuba Masasu Mugengangabo yatambamira urubanza RCOMA 00081/2019/HCC, ntacyo birebaho BK Plc kuko ntaho yahuriye na cyamunara ndetse nta n’uruhare yagize kugira ngo cyamunara iteshwe agaciro. [35] Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rushingiye ku ngingo ya 161 igika cya 2 y’Itegeko No 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryavuzwe haruguru, rwasanze ibyo gutesha agaciro imikirize y’urubanza RCOMA 00081/2019/HCC nta shingiro bifite kuko Masasu Mugengangabo n’abamwunganira, batashoboye kugaragariza Urukiko ingingo banenga zasuzumwe mu rubanza RCOMA 00081/2019/HCC, uretse kugaragaza gusa ko rubangamiye inyungu za Masasu Mugengangabo utarigeze aruburana. [36] Ku bijyanye no kumenya niba Masasu Mugengangabo, Rutayisire Bernard, Mukamusa Vestine na BK Plc bakwiye guhabwa indishyi basabye, Masasu Mugengangabo, n’abunganizi be, basabye ko BK Plc, Rutayisire Bernard na Mukamusa Vestine bamwishyura indishyi zingana na 25.000.000 Frw n’inyungu zayo za 25% kuko yitabaje ZIGAMA CSS kugira ngo ashobore gukora umushinga mu isambu yaguze muri cyamunara. [37] Rutayisire Bernard na Me Ngezahayo Emmanuel umwunganira akanahagararira Mukamusa Vestine, basabye ko Masasu Mugengangabo yaha Rutayisire Bernard na Mukamusa Vestine indishyi z’ikurikiranarubanza zingana na 1.000.000 Frw n’iz’igihembo cya Avoka zingana na 500.000 Frw. [38] Uhagarariye BK Plc mu izina ry’Umuyobozi wayo, yasabye ko Masasu Mugengangabo yaha BK Plc indishyi z’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka zingana na 2.000.000 Frw. [39] Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rwasanze indishyi zasabwe na Masasu Mugengangabo nta shingiro zifite kuko ikirego cye nta shingiro gifite. Ku ndishyi z’ikurikiranarubanza zasabwe na Rutayisire Bernard, Mukamusa Vestine na BK Plc, Urukiko rwasanze zidakwiye gutangwa kuko zitagaragarijwe ibimenyetso byashingirwaho mu kuzigena; ku gihembo cya Avoka rwasanze bakwiye kugihabwa kuko bari bafite Avoka muri uru rubanza, bityo Masasu Mugengangabo akaba agomba guha Rutayisire Bernard na Mukamusa Vestine, bose hamwe amafaranga 500.000 Frw y’igihembo cya Avoka, akanaha BK Plc amafaranga 500.000 Frw na yo y’igihembo cya Avoka.

## Page 10

[40] Ku wa 01/10/2021, Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rwakikije urubanza rwemeza ko inzitizi zatanzwe na Rutayisire Bernard na Mukamusa Vestine, nta shingiro zifite, ko ikirego cya Masasu Mugengangabo cyo gutambamira urubanza RCOMA 00081/2019/HCC, nta shingiro gifite. Rutegeka Masasu Mugengangabo kwishyura Rutayisire Bernard na Mukamusa Vestine, bose hamwe indishyi z’igihembo cya avoka, zingana na 500.000 Frw. Rutegeka Masasu Mugengangabo kwishyura BK Plc indishyi z’igihembo cya Avoka, zingana na 500.000 Frw.

[41] Icyo cyemezo cy’Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi nticyanyuze Masasu Mugengangabo, ku wa 05/10/2021 akijuririra mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire, urubanza rwandikwa kuri RCOMA 00017/2022/CA.

[42] Masasu Mugengangabo anenga ko Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rwaratesheje agaciro cyamunara kandi yarakozwe mu buryo bukurikije amategeko, rutamugeneye indishyi z’akababaro n’inyungu zikomoka ku mafaranga yatanze agura umutungo mu cyamunara atashubijwe, rutamugeneye inyungu z’ibikorwa yashyize mu mutungo ufite UPI: 5/07/10/01/276 yaguze zingana n’amafaranga 5.210.000 Frw n’inyungu zayo zibariwe kuri 18% mu gihe cy’imyaka ine (4ans), ko rwamutegetse kwishyura Rutayisire Bernard na Mukamusa Vestine indishyi z’igihembo cy’Avoka kandi ntacyo yabangirije ndetse atari na we wabashoye mu manza zabanje, ko rutategetse Rutayisire Bernard guha Masasu Mugengangabo indishyi z’akababaro kubera igihombo bamuteje, ko rutasobanuye impamvu cyamunara igomba guseswa, asaba Urukiko gusuzuma niba BK Plc igomba gutumizwa ku rwego rw’Ubujurire nk’igobokeshwa kugira ngo isubirane ingwate yayo kandi itegekwe kumusubiza amafaranga ye hiyongereyeho inyungu ndetse n’indishyi z’akababaro n’izindi indishyi;

[43] Iburanisha ry’urubanza ryashyizwe ku wa 09/05/2022, ryimurwa ku wa 23/05/2022 kugira ngo ababuranyi, bafate umwanya wo kujya gutangiza inzira y’ubwumvikane bamaze kubishishikarizwa n’Urukiko. [44] Ku wa 23/05/2022 Urukiko ruhamagaye urubanza, rusanga Masasu Mugengangabo yunganiwe na Me Nkurunziza Jean Damascène, Rutayisire Bernard yunganiwe na Me Ngezahayo Emmanuel agahagararira Mukamusa Vestine, Uwanyiligira Delphine yunganiwe na Me MutuyimanA Clémentine, naho BANK OF KIGALI ihagarariwe na Me Biseruka Frank. [45] Kuri uwo munsi, imbere y’Inteko iburanisha, ababuranyi biyemeje kurangiza ikibazo bari bafitanye mu bwumvikane, ko Rutayisire yishyura Masasu 5.210.000 Frw kuri compte no 23800 muri Zigama CSS, bitarenze ku wa 24/05/2022, bagashyira bordereau mu System IECMS, na Masasu akabyemeza, noneho ku wa 27/05/2022 guhera saa tanu z’amanywa (11h00), Urukiko rugasoma icyemezo gisoza uru rubanza. [46] Urukiko rukaba rugomba gusuzuma agaciro k’ubwo bwumvikane mu gukemura ikibazo bari bafitanye.

## Page 11

I. IKIBAZO KIGIZE URU RUBANZA N’ISESENGURA RYACYO

 Kumenya agaciro k’ubwumvikane bwabaye mu gukemura impaka hagati y’ababuranyi

[47] Ingingo ya 9, igika cya gatatu, y’Itegeko nº 22/2018 yo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, iteganya ibikurikira: "Umucamanza ashobora gushishikariza ababuranyi gukoresha ubwunzi iyo abona ko ari bwo buryo buboneye mu kurangiza impaka. Ashobora kubunga ubwe cyangwa akabohereza mu bwunzi, agasubika urubanza mu gihe ubwunzi burimo gukorwa".

[48] Ingingo ya 64-y’Itegeko nº 45/2011 ryo ku wa 25/11/2011 rigenga amasezerano, iteganya ibikurikira: “Amasezerano akozwe ku buryo bukurikije amategeko aba itegeko ku bayagiranye”. [49] Nk’uko byasobanuwe haruguru, mu iburanisha rya mbere Urukiko rwashishikarije ababuranyi gukemura impaka bafitanye mu bwumvikane kuko ari yo nzira rwasanze yabanogera kuruta iyo gukomeza kuburana, ababuranyi bose bakira neza icyo gitekerezo kandi barabyemera, Urukiko narwao rusubika urubanza kugira ngo babone igihe gihagije cyo kumvikakana, nk’uko biteganywa n’ingingo ya 9, igika cya 3, y’Itegeko nº 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 yibukijwe haruguru;

[50] Mu kugerageza kumvikanisha ababuranyi byabaye ku wa 13/05/2022, mu rwego rwo kurangiza ikibazo cyari hagati y’ababuranyi cyane cyane cyerekeranye n’ingano y’amafaranga agera kuri 5.210.000Frw Masasu Mugengangabo yishyuye mu cyamunara yateshejwe agaciro nta n’igaruriro ryayo, n’ibyo yangirijwe yaregeye mu rubanza yatambamiye,ndetse n’ugomba kuyamusubiza hagati ya Rutayisire Bernard & Mukamusa Vestine na BANK OF KIGALI Plc yakiriye amafaranga, bari bumvikanye ko ari Rutayisire Bernard & Mukamusa Vestine bamusubiza gusa 5.210.000Frw, bituma bagaruka imbere y’Urukiko ngo rubakiranure kuri icyo kibazo cy’ibyangirijwe.

[51] Imbere y’inteko iburanisha Masasu Mugengangabo na Rutayisire Bernard & Mukamusa Vestine bemeranyijwe ko bishyurana gusa 5.210.000 Frw yishyuwe mu cyamurana n’abandi baburanyi barabyemera, bityo bakaba barangije mu bwumvikane urubanza bari bafitanye muri uru Rukiko nyuma y’ubwishyu.

[52] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire, rumaze kubona ko ku wa 24/05/2022 ko Rutayisire yishyura Masasu 5.210.000 Frw kuri compte no 23800 muri Zigama CSS, avuye kuri compte ye 0014722, transfert ref: Mz-OP-mba-0887-72 743 rurasanga ikibazo ababuranyi bari bafitanye

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cyarakemutse urubanza RCOMAA 00017/2022/CA baburanaga mu bujurire rwari mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire hagati ya Masasu Mugengangabo, Rutayisire Bernard, Mukamusa Vestine, Uwanyiligira Delphineyunganiwe na Me Mutuyimana Clémentine, na BANK OF KIGALI rukaba rusoje, nk’uko biteganywa n’ingingo ya 64 y’Itegeko Nº 45/2011 ryo ku wa 25/11/2011 rigenga amasezerano yibukijwe haruguru. III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO [53] Rwemeje ko ubwishyu bwa 5.210.000 Frw Rutayisire Bernard na Mukamusa Vestine bahaye Masasu Mugengangabo ku wa 24/05/2022, hashyirwa mu bikorwa ibyari byumvikanyweho n’ababuranyi bose imbere y’Urukiko mu iburanisha ryo ku wa 23/05/2022, busoje burundu hagati y’ababuranyi bose impaka zagibwaga mu rubanza RCOMAA 00017/2022/CA. [54] Ruvuze ko amagarama y’uru rubanza yatanzwe na Masasu Mugengangabo ahwanye n’ibyarukozwemo.