NDATIMANA v. UBUSHINJACYAHA

# NDATIMANA v. UBUSHINJACYAHA

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2025-11-14 - Case/document no.: RPAA 00558/2022/CA - Collection: Court of Appeal

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NDATIMANA v. UBUSHINJACYAHA [Rwanda URUKIKO RW’UBUJURIRE – RPAA 00558/2022/CA (Kanyange, P.J.,) 14 Ugushyingo 2025] Amategeko agenga imiburanishirize y’imanza nshinjabyaha – Icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana w’imyaka 17 – Iyakirwa y’ubujurire – Ibihe ntarengwa byo kujurira – Ingingo iyo ariyo yose itanzwe nyuma y’ibihe ntarengwa byo kujurira biteganywa n’itegeko, uretse iyuzuza cyangwa isobanura iyatanzwe mu bihe byemewe byo kujurira, ntigomba kwakirwa. Incamake y’ikibazo: Uwifashije Lidivine yatanze ikirego mu Bugenzacyaha arega Ndatimana Eugène avuga ko yasambanyije umwana we w’umukobwa wari ufite imyaka 17 y’amavuko witwa U.F, maze atangira gukurikiranwa. Nyuma y’iperereza, Ubushinjacyaha bwareze Ndatimana Eugène mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Gasabo icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana, bushingiye ku kuba yaracyemeye, ku mvugo za U.F. no kuri raporo ya muganga, bityo bumusabira igifungo cy’imyaka makumyabiri (20). Ndatimana Eugène yaburanye ahakana icyaha, avuga ko yagihimbiwe kugirango afungwe, kugirango se wa U.F abashe kwigarurira imitungo y’iwabo, avuga ko kwemera icyaha mu Bugenzacyaha bikaba byaratewe n’inkoni yakubitswe. Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Gasabo nyuma y’isesengura rwasanze hari ibimenyetso bitandukanye bihamya ko Ndatimana Eugène yakoze icyaha akurikiranweho; bityo rumuhanisha igifungo cy’imyaka makumyabiri (20). Ndatimana Eugène yajuriye mu Rukiko Rukuru, avuga ko Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwamuhamije icyaha rwirengagije ko yacyemejwe ku gahato, kandi ko rwashingiye kuri raporo ya muganga itagaragaza ko umwana yasambanyijwe. Ubushinjacyaha bwasubije buvuga ko izo mpamvu z’ubujurire bw’uregwa nta shingiro zifite, kuko atagaragaje ibimenyetso by’uko yakubiswe, kandi ko ukwemera icyaha kwe gushimangirwa n’ibindi bimenyetso bigizwe n’imvugo z’umwana wahohotewe na raporo ya muganga. Urukiko Rukuru rwaciye urubanza maze rusanga ibyo Ndatimana Eugène aburanisha ko yemeye icyaha kubera gukubitwa, n’iby’uko afitanye amakimbirane n’abamurega nta shingiro bifite kuko nta kimenyetso yabitangiye, bityo rwemeza ko urubanza rwajuririwe rudahindutse, maze hagumaho igifungo cy’imyaka makumyabiri (20) yahanishijwe. Ndatimana Eugène yarongeye ajurira mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire, avuga ko atishimiye imikirize y’urubanza, nyuma yaho atanga imyanzuro y’inyongera avuga ko impamvu ze z’ubujurire zigamije gusaba kugabanyirizwa igihano, kubera ko yemera icyaha. Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha yatanze inzitizi yo kutakira ubujurire bwa Ndatimana Eugène kuko yatanze impamvu z’ubujurire akererewe.

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Ndatimana Eugène n’umwunganira bavuga ko ubujurire bwe bukwiye kwakirwa bugasuzumwa kuko icyamukereje gutanga impamvu z’ubujurire ari uko yari atarabona kopi y’urubanza ngo abashe kumenya icyo anenga urubanza ajuririra, kubera ko yayisabye mu Igororero abarizwamo agatinda kuyihabwa. Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga ko ubujurire bwa Ndatimana Eugène, budakwiriye kwakirwa kuko yatanze impamvu z’ubujurire akerewe, kandi ko ibyo avuga ko yakerejwe n’uko yari atarabona kopi bitahabwa ishingiro kuko kuba yarashoboye kujurira ku gihe, yari no gusobora kubahiriza igihe cyo gutanga impamvu z’ubujurire nk’uko n’abandi bagororwa babikora. Incamake y’icyemezo: Ingingo iyo ariyo yose itanzwe nyuma y’ibihe ntarengwa byo kujurira biteganywa n’itegeko, uretse iyuzuza cyangwa isobanura iyatanzwe mu bihe byemewe byo kujurira, ntigomba kwakirwa. Impamvu z’ubujurire ntizakiriwe kuko zatanzwe ibihe by’ubujurire byararangiye. Nta mategeko yashingiweho. Imanza zifashishijwe: Urubanza RCOMAA 00071/2017/SC rwa Mbuto Aimable na BRD Ltd, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 26/10/2018; Urubanza RPAA 00168/2024/CA rw’ Ubushinjacyaha na Tegibanze Vincent, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 28/05/2025. Urubanza I. IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA [1] Uwifashije Lidivine yatanze ikirego mu Bugenzacyaha arega Ndatimana Eugène ko yasambanyije umwana we w’umukobwa wari ufite imyaka 17 y’amavuko witwa U.F1, ko uwo mwana yamubwiye ko ku wa 12/05/2019 yahuye na Ndatimana Eugène amubwira ngo aze ajye kumwereka aho aba arabyemera, ahageze bajya mu nzu amusaba ko baryamana aranga, ahita akinga urugi akoresha ingufu amuciraho imyenda yari yambaye aramusambanya, atatse abura umutabara, asohotse kwa Ndatimana Eugène atabaza inzego zibishinzwe, atangira gukurikiranwa. [2] Nyuma y’iperereza, Ubushinjacyaha bwareze Ndatimana Eugène mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Gasabo icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana, bushingiye ku kuba yaracyemeye, ku mvugo za U.F. no kuri raporo ya muganga, bumusabira igifungo cy’imyaka makumyabiri (20). [3] Ndatimana Eugène yaburanye ahakana icyaha, avuga ko yagihimbiwe kugirango afungwe, se wa U.F. abashe kwigarurira imitungo y’iwabo, naho kwemera icyaha mu Bugenzacyaha bikaba byaratewe n’inkoni yakubitswe.

1 Yahawe iri zina kuko ari umwana

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[4] Urukiko rwaciye urubanza RP 00803/2019/TGI/GSBO ku wa 28/11/2019, rusanga hari ibimenyetso bihamya ko Ndatimana Eugène yakoze icyaha akurikiranweho, bigizwe no kuba yaremeye icyaha mu Bugenzacyaha, imvugo za U.F. wasobanuye ibyo yakorewe, na raporo ya muganga igaragaza ko yasambanyijwe; naho iby’uko yahimbiwe icyaha, kuba yaremejwe icyaha n’inkoni no kuba U.F. amubeshyera kuko yanze ko amugira umugore, nta shingiro bifite kuko nta kimenyetso abigaragariza, rumuhanisha igifungo cy’imyaka makumyabiri (20). [5] Ndatimana Eugène yajuriye mu Rukiko Rukuru, avuga ko Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwamuhamije icyaha rwirengagije ko yacyemejwe ku gahato, kandi ko rwashingiye kuri raporo ya muganga itagaragaza ko umwana yasambanyijwe. [6] Ubushinjacyaha bwasubije ko izo mpamvu nta shingiro zifite, kuko Ndatimana Eugène atagaragaje ibimenyetso by’uko yakubiswe, kandi ko ukwemera icyaha kwe gushimangirwa n’ibindi bimenyetso bigizwe n’imvugo z’umwana wahohotewe na raporo ya muganga. [7] Urukiko rwaciye urubanza RPA 00013/2020/HC/KIG ku wa 23/09/2022, rusanga ibyo Ndatimana Eugène aburanisha ko yemeye icyaha kubera gukubitwa, n’iby’uko afitanye amakimbirane n’abamurega nta shingiro bifite kuko nta kimenyetso yabitangiye, ko no kuvuga ko raporo ya muganga itagaragaje ko ariwe wasambanyije uwo mwana nta shingiro bifite, kuko muganga yagaragaje ko yasambanyijwe binahuzwa n’uko mu Bugenzacyaha yemeye icyaha. Rwemeje rero ko urubanza rwajuririwe rudahindutse, ko hagumyeho igifungo cy’imyaka makumyabiri (20) yahanishijwe. [8] Ndatimana Eugène yarongeye ajurira mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire, urubanza rwandikwa kuri RPAA 00558/2022/CA, iburanisha ribera mu ruhame ku wa 04/11/2025, Ndatimana Eugène yunganiwe na Me Twagirayezu Kanuma Christophe, Ubushinjacyaha buhagarariwe na Uwanziga Lydia, Umushinjacyaha ku rwego rw’Igihugu. [9] Mu ibaruwa y’ubujurire Ndatimana Eugène yanditse ku wa 10/10/2022, avuga ko atishimiye imikirize y’urubanza, ko ibisobanuro birambuye by’ubujurire azabitanga amaze kubona kopi y’urubanza. Naho mu mwanzuro w’inyongera yatanze ku wa 05/08/2024 n’uwatanzwe n’umwunganira ku wa 25/09/2025, bavuga ko impamvu ze z’ubujurire zigamije gusaba kugabanyirizwa igihano, kubera ko yemera icyaha. [10] Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha yatanze inzitizi yo kutakira ubujurire bwa Ndatimana Eugène kuko atubahirije ibyo amategeko ateganya, kubera ko atagaragaje icyo anenga urubanza ajuririra mu gihe cy’iminsi 30 nk’uko biteganyijwa n’ingingo ya 1812 n’iya 183 3 z’Itegeko N° 027/2019 ryo ku wa 19/09/2019 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’inshinjabyaha.

2 Kujurira bikorwa mu gihe kitarenga iminsi mirongo itatu (30) uhereye ku itariki urubanza rwaciriweho ku muburanyi wari uhari cyangwa ahagarariwe igihe urubanza rwacibwaga.

3 Ubujurire bukorwa mu buryo bw’umwanzuro utanga ikirego, ugaragaza ibi bikurikira: 5°urutonde rw’inenge z’urubanza zisabirwa gukosorwa n’ibindi bibazo bigomba gusuzumwa; 6°ibisobanuro kuri buri nenge cyangwa kuri buri kibazo bigaragaza amakosa yakozwe n’uburyo agomba gukosorwa;

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[11] Ndatimana Eugène n’umwunganira bavuga ko ubujurire bwe bukwiye kwakirwa bugasuzumwa kuko icyamukereje gutanga impamvu z’ubujurire ari uko yari atarabona kopi y’urubanza ngo abashe kumenya icyo anenga urubanza ajuririra. [12] Ikibazo kigomba kubanza gusuzumwa ni icyo kumenya niba impamvu z’ubujurire Ndatimana Eugène yatanze mu myanzuro y’inyongera zakwakirwa zigasuzumwa. II. ISESENGURA RY’IKIBAZO KIRI MU RUBANZA Kumenya niba impamvu z’ubujurire zatanzwe na Ndatimana Eugène mu myanzuro y’inyongera zakwakirwa zigasuzumwa [13] Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga ko ubujurire bwa Ndatimana Eugène, budakwiriye kwakirwa kuko yatanze impamvu z’ubujurire akerewe, kubera ko ubujurire bukorwa mu gihe cy’iminsi 30 muri icyo gihe akaba ari naho impamvu z’ubujurire zitangwa4, kopi y’urubanza yaba itaraboneka iyo minsi ikabarwa uhereye igihe kopi yashyiriwe muri dosiye,5 ariko ko urubanza rujuririrwa rwaciwe ku wa 23/09/2022, kopi ishyirwa muri dosiye ku wa 28/09/2022, Ndatimana Eugène ajurira ku wa 10/10/2022 avuga ko impamvu z’ubujurire azazitanga amaze kubona kopi y’urubanza, azitanga ku wa 05/08/2024, ko rero yatanze impamvu z’ubujurire akerewe. Naho ibyo avuga ko yakerejwe n’uko yari atarabona kopi, bitahabwa ishingiro kuko kuba yarashoboye kujurira ku gihe, yari no gusobora kubahiriza igihe cyo gutanga impamvu z’ubujurire nk’uko n’abandi bagororwa babikora. [14] Ndatimana Eugène n’umwunganira bavuga ko impamvu z’ubujurire yatanze mu mwanzuro w’inyongera zikwiye kwakirwa zigasuzumwa kuko kuzitanga akerewe byatewe n’uko yatinze kubona kopi y’urubanza ngo ashobore kumenya icyo anenga urubanza ajuririra, kubera ko yayisabye mu Igororero abarizwamo agatinda kuyihabwa, avuga ariko ko mu kuyisaba atanditse, ko ahubwo bakora urutonde rw’abafite ibibazo akaba arirwo bagenderaho babasubiza. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [15] Impaka kuri iki kibazo zishingiye ku kumenya niba impamvu z’ubujurire zatanzwe na Ndatimana Eugène mu mwanzuro w’inyongera zakwakirwa zigasuzumwa. [16] Ikibazo kirebana n’impamvu z’ubujurire zitanzwe nyuma y’ibihe byemewe byo kujurira cyatanzweho umurongo n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga mu rubanza RCOMAA 00071/2017/SC rwaciwe ku wa 26/10/2018 haburana Mbuto Aimable na BRD Ltd, uwo murongo ukaba uvuga ko ingingo iyo ariyo yose itanzwe nyuma y’ibihe ntarengwa byo kujurira, uretse iyuzuza cyangwa isobanura iyatanzwe mu bihe byemewe byo kujurira, itagomba kwakirwa. Uyu murongo wanakurikijwe mu zindi manza uru Rukiko rwaciye, uruheruka gucibwa akaba ari urubanza RPAA 00168/2024/CA,

4 Abishingira ku ngingo ya n’ingingo ya 181 n’iya 183 z'Itegeko N°027/2019 ryo ku wa 19/09/2019 z'Itegeko N° 027/2019 ryo ku wa 19/09/2019 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’inshinjabyaha.

5 Abishingira ku murongo watanzwe mu rubanza RPAA 00524/2022/CA rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 26/01/2024 haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Harerimana Emmanuel.

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rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 28/05/2025, haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Tegibanze Vincent. [17] Nk’uko dosiye ibigaragaza, urubanza RPA 00013/2020/HC/KIG Ndatimana Eugène yajuririye rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru ku wa 23/09/2022, kopi yarwo ishyirwa muri dosiye (IECMS) ku wa 28/09/2022, Ndatimana Eugène yandika ibaruwa y’ubujurire ku wa 10/10/2022 avuga ko atishimiye imikirize y’urwo rubanza, ko impamvu z’ubujurire azazitanga amaze kubona kopi yarwo, atanga umwanzuro w’inyongera ku wa 05/08/2024 avuga ko yemera icyaha, asaba kugabanyirizwa igihano, umwunganira nawe ashyira muri dosiye umwanzuro w’inyongera ku wa 25/09/2025, asobanura iyo mpamvu yatanze y’ubujurire. [18] Hashingiwe ku bimaze kugaragazwa no ku murongo watanzwe mu rubanza RCOMAA 00071/2017/SC rwavuzwe haruguru, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga Ndatimana Eugène atarubahirije inshingano ze nk’ujurira, kuko n’ubwo yatanze ibaruwa y’ubujurire mu gihe giteganywa n’amategeko, atagaragaje muri icyo gihe icyo anenga urubanza yajuririye ngo agaragaze ukwibeshya kwakozwe n’Urukiko Rukuru gushingiye ku mategeko cyangwa ku byabaye, ahubwo impamvu z’ubujurire akaba yarazitanze ku wa 05/08/2024 iminsi 30 iteganyijwe n’Itegeko yararenze, kuko hari hashize imyaka hafi ibiri, ibazwe uhereye ku wa 28/09/2022 igihe kopi y’urubanza yagereye muri dosiye. [19] Ku bivugwa na Ndatimana Eugène ko gutanga impamvu z’ubujurire akerewe byatewe n’uko yatinze kubona kopi y’urubanza, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga nta shingiro bifite, kuko atagaragaza ko hari cyo yaba yarakoze agaragaza imbogamizi avuga ko yahuye nayo, haba mu kwandikira ubuyobozi bw’aho agororerwa cyangwa Urukiko muri icyo gihe cyose yamaze ataratanga impamvu z’ubujurire, cyane cyane ko ubwo yandikaga ajurira ku wa 10/10/2022 kopi y’urubanza yari iri muri dosiye. [20] Urukiko rurasanga rero, nta mpamvu y’ubujurire Ndatimana Eugène yatanze mu gihe giteganywa n’amategeko kuko nk’uko byagaragajwe izo yatanze mu mwanzuro w’inyongera ndetse n’izatanzwe n’umwunganira zatanzwe impitagihe, bityo imikirize y’urubanza ajuririra ikaba igomba kugumaho. III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO [21] Rwemeje ko impamvu z’ubujurire bwa Ndatimana Eugène zitakiriwe kuko zatanzwe ibihe by’ubujurire byararangiye; [22] Rwemeje ko hagumyeho imikirize y’urubanza RPA 00013/2020/HC/KIG rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru, ku wa 23/09/2022; [23] Rutegetse ko igifungo cy’imyaka makumyabiri (20) Ndatimana Eugène yahanishijwe ku rwego rwa mbere ku cyaha cyo gusambanya umwana, kigumyeho.