NKUSI KABARE v. COOPERATIVE INKOMEZAMIRYANGO

NKUSI KABARE v. COOPERATIVE INKOMEZAMIRYANGO

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2015-02-13 - Case/document no.: R.COMA 0083/15/HCC - Collection: Commercial High Court

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NKUSI KABARE v. COOPERATIVE INKOMEZAMIRYANGO [Rwanda URUKIKO RUKURU RW’UBUCURUZI – R.COMA 0083/15/HCC (Nsengiyumva, P.J) 13Gashyantare 2015] Amategeko agenga ibiburanishirize y’imanza z’ubucuruzi – Guca urubanza ku cyasabwe cyose – Iyo bigaragara mu nyandiko mvugo ko hari icyasabwe nyamara urukiko ntirugifateho icyemezo bigaragarza ko ruba rutaraciye urubanza ku cyasabwe cyose – Itegeko N° 21/2012 ryo kuwa 14/06/2012 ryerekeye ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, ingingo za 4. Indishyi – Indishyi z’akababaro – Kwishyura umwenda – Indishyi zituruka ku ihungabana ntizishobora gutangwa, keretse gusa iyo kwica amasezerano byateye ubusembwa ku mubiri cyangwa amasezerano uko ateye cyangwa uburyo yishwe ari byo byateye iryo hungabana, ntizatangwa rero igihe atagaragaza kokutayishyura byateye ubusembwa ku mubiri – Itegeko N° 45/2011 ryo kuwa 25/11/2011 rigenga amasezerano, ingingo ya 134 Indishyi – Amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cy’Avoka – Agomba kwishyura igihembo cy’Avoka n’amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza kuko ibyo yasabye nta shingiro bifite kandi bikaba byarateye urundi ruhande kwiyambaza Avoka – Itegeko ryo ku wa 30/07/1888 rigenga amasezerano cyangwa imirimo nshinganwa, ingingo ya 258. Amategeko agenga imiburanishirize y’imanza z’ubucuruzi – Igihano gighatira kwishyura – Ategetswe kwishyura 30 000Frw buri

kwezi igihe yaba tishyuye nyuma yumunsi ukurikira uwo urubanza rwaba rutagishoboye kujuririrwa – Itegeko N° 21/2012 ryo kuwa 14/06/2012 ryerekeye ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, ingingo ya 212. Incamake y’ikibazo: COOPERATIVE INKOMEZAMIRYANGO yareze Nkusi Kabare Alphonse mu Rukiko rw’Ubucuruzi isaba kwishyurwa umwenda remezo, inyungu zawo n’indishyi zinyuranye, Urwo Rukiko rwamutegetse kuyishyura Frw 2.725.300 y’umwenda remezo, Frw 600.000 y’inyungu no kuyisubiza Frw 50.000 yatanzeho ingwate irega. Nkusi Kabare Alphonse yajuriye mu Rukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi avuga ko Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi ntacyo rwavuze ku gihe cy’amezi 2 yarusabye kugira ngo yishyure kandi kutishyura yabitewe n’uko yagize igihombo. Yarubwiye ariko ko afite imitungo kandi n’abavandimwe bazamufasha kwishyura. COOPERATIVE INKOMEZAMIRYANGO ivuga ko igihe cy’amezi 2 asaba ari impamvu zo gutinza urubanza. Yongeyeho kandi ko nta bushake afite bwo kwishyura kuko atabikoze mu gihe cyose uru rubanza rumaze rutegereje kuburanishwa mu bujurire. Yasabye indishyi z’akababaro n’ikurikiranarubanza itahawe mu rwego rwa mbere, kwishyurwa indishyi z’akababaro, ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cy’Avoka mu bujurire n’igihano gihatira kurangiza urubanza. Nkusi Kabare Alphonse yasubije ko nta ndishyi z’akababaro COOPERATIVE INKOMEZAMIRYANGO ikwiriye kwishyura kuko urukiko rutazitanze kuko zitasobanuwe. Yanavuze ko indishyi z’akababaro zisabwa mu bujurire n’iz’ikurikiranarubanza zidakwiriye gutangwa kuko hatagararagazwa ishingiro ryazo n’uko zabazwe naho igihembo cy’Avoka kikaba kirenze igiteganywa n’icyo abavoka bagenerwa n’amabwiriza abagenga. Yongeyeho ko

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igihano gihatira kurangiza urubanza kidakwiriye kuko NKUSI KABARE Alphonse yasabye igihe cyo kwishyura. Incamake y’icyemezo:1. Kuba yarasabye mu kongererwa igihe cyo kwishyura mu nyandiko mvugo y’iburanisha ariko mu guca urubanza ntirubisuzume nk’uko bigaragara muri kopi y’urubanza bigaragaza ko Urukiko rutaciye urubanza ku cyasabwe cyose.

2. Nta ndishyi zituruka ku ihungabana zishobora gutangwa, keretse gusa iyo kwica amasezerano byateye ubusembwa ku mubiri cyangwa amasezerano uko ateye cyangwa uburyo yishwe ari byo byateye iryo hungabana. Ntizatangwa rero kuko uzisaba atagaragaza ko kutayishyura byayiteye ubusembwa ku mubiri.

3. Agomba kwishyura amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cy’Avoka kuko amezi 2 yo kwishyura yasabye mu bujurire bwe atemewe kandi ubwo bujurire bukaba bwaratumye urundi ruhande rwiyambaza Avoka uhembwa.

4. Ategetswe kwishyura 30 000 Frw ku kwezi y’igihano cy’ubukererwe mu gihe yaba akerewe kwishyura akabarwa uhereye ku munsi ukurikira uwo urubanza ruzaba rwabaye itegeko kandi akaba agenwe mu bushishozi bw’Urukiko kuko ayo asaba buri munsi ari umurengra. Ubujurire nta shingiro bufite. Ubujurire bwuririye ku bundi bufite ishingiro kuri bimwe. Ntihatangwa igihe y’amezi 2 ngo abone kwishyura. Nta ndishyi z’akababaro zigomba gutangwa ariko hagomba kwishyurwa amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cy’avoka. Atefetswe kwishyura amafaranga 30 000Frw ku kwezi y’igihano cy’ubukererwe. Ategetswe kwishyura amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cy’Avoka. Urubanza rujuririrwa ntiruhindutse. Amategeko yashingiweho: Itegeko N° 21/2012 ryo kuwa 14/06/2012 ryerekeye ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, ingingo za 4, 7, 167 na 212. Itegeko N° 45/2011 ryo kuwa 25/11/2011 rigenga amasezerano, ingingo ya 134 Itegeko N° 15/2004 ryo kuwa 12/06/2004 ryerekeye ibimenyetso mu manza n’itangwa ryabyo, ingingo ya 3. Itegeko ryo ku wa 30/07/1888 rigenga amasezerano cyangwa imirimo nshinganwa, ingingo ya 258. Nta manza zifashishijwe Urubanza I. IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA

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[1] NKUSI KABARE Alphonse yajuririye urubanza R.Com 0396/14/TC/Mus rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi rwa Musanze COOPERATIVE INKOMEZAMIRYANGO imuregamo umwenda remezo, inyungu zawo n’indishyi zinyuranye, rumutegeka kuyishyura Frw 2.725.300 y’umwenda remezo, Frw 600.000 y’inyungu no kuyisubiza Frw 50.000 yatanzeho ingwate irega. Kuwa 25/02/2015 haba mu ruhame iburanisha, NKUSI KABARE Alphonse ahagarariwe na Maître MUTUGA Masumbuko, COOPERATIVE INKOMEZAMIRYANGO ihagarariwe na Maître NKUBA Milton. [2] Maître MUTUGA Masumbuko avuga ko NKUSI KABARE Alphonse yajuriye kuko urukiko ntacyo rwavuze ku gihe cy’amezi 2 yarusabye kugira ngo yishyure kandi kutishyura yabitewe n’uko yagize igihombo ariko afite imitungo kandi n’abavandimwe bazamufasha kwishyura. Maître NKUBA Milton avuga ko kutagira icyo urukiko ruvuga ku gihe cy’amezi 2 NKUSI KABARE Alphonse yari yasabye atari impamvu y’ubujurire ahubwo ari impamvu yo gutinza urubanza kubera ko atubahirije ibyo yiyemeje mu masezerano kandi nta bushake afite bwo kwishyura kuko atishyuye mu gihe cyaciye hagati y’isomwa ry’urubanza ajuririra n’igihe cyo kuburana mu bujurire n’igihe asaba urukiko kirimo. Maître NKUBA Milton avuga ko COOPERATIVE INKOMEZAMIRYANGO isaba indishyi z’akababaro n’ikurikiranarubanza itahawe mu rwego rwa mbere no kwishyurwa indishyi z’akababaro, ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya avoka mu bujurire n’igihano gihatira kurangiza

urubanza. Maître MUTUGA Masumbuko avuga ko nta ndishyi z’akababaro COOPERATIVE INKOMEZAMIRYANGO ikwiriye kwishyura kuko urukiko rutazitanze kuko zitasobanuwe, ko yavuze ko iretse gusaba igihembo cya avoka kuko yiburaniye, ko mu bujurire indishyi z’akababaro n’iz’ikurikiranarubanza zidakwiriye kuko hatagararagazwa ishingiro ryazo n’uko zabazwe, ko igihembo cya avoka kirenze igiteganywa n’icyo abavoka bagenerwa n’amabwiriza abagenga, ko igihano gihatira kurangiza urubanza kidakwiriye kuko NKUSI KABARE Alphonse yasabye igihe cyo kwishyura. [3] Ibibazo urukiko rugomba gusuzuma muri uru rubanza ni ibi bikurikira : - niba urukiko rutarasuzumye gusaba guhabwa igihe cy’amezi 2 cyo kwishyura ; - niba NKUSI KABARE Alphonse yahabwa igihe cy’amezi 2 cyo kwishyura ; - niba indishyi z’akababaro, ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya avoka zikwiriye ; - niba igihano gihatira kurangiza urubanza gikwiriye. II. ISESENGURA RY’IBIBAZO BISUZUMWA MU RUBANZA 1. Ku byerekeye kudasuzuma gusaba igihe cy’amezi 2 cyo kwishyura no guhabwa igihe cy’amezi 2 cyo kwishyura [4] Ingingo ya 7 y’Itegeko n° 21/2012 ryo kuwa 14/06/2012 ryerekeye ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi nk’uko ryahinduwe kandi ryujujwe kugeza ubu iteganya ko umucamanza aca urubanza ku cyasabwe cyose kandi kuri icyo cyonyine, iya 4 iteganya ko ikiburanwa kigenwa n’ibisabwa na buri muburanyi bigaragazwa n’inyandiko itangiza ikirego n’imyanzuro yo kwiregura. Ingingo ya 3

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y’Itegeko n° 15/2004 ryo kuwa 12/06/2004 ryerekeye ibimenyetso mu manza n’itangwa ryabyo iteganya ko buri muburanyi agomba kugaragaza ukuri kw’ibyo avuga. [5] Maître MUTUGA Masumbuko avuga ko NKUSI KABARE Alphonse yajuriye kuko urukiko ntacyo rwavuze ku gihe cy’amezi 2 yarusabye kugira ngo yishyura kandi kutishyura yabitewe n’uko yagize igihombo ariko akaba azishyura igice cya mbere mu mezi abiri, mu yandi mezi abiri yishyure igice gisigaye kubera ko afite imitungo kandi n’abavandimwe bazamufasha kwishyura. [6] Maître NKUBA Milton avuga ko kutagira icyo urukiko ruvuga ku gihe cy’amezi 2 NKUSI KABARE Alphonse yari yasabye atari impamvu y’ubujurire ahubwo ari impamvu yo gutinza urubanza kubera ko atubahirije ibyo yiyemeje mu masezerano ndetse n’igihe yatanze cyo kwishyura mu ibaruwa yo kuwa 06/07/2014 ntiyacyubahiriza kandi nta bushake afite bwo kwishyura kuko mu gihe cyaciye hagati y’isomwa ry’urubanza ajuririra n’igihe cyo kuburana mu bujurire atashyuye kandi igihe asaba urukiko kikaba kirimo. [7] Urukiko rusanga mu nyandikomvugo y’iburanisha ryo kuwa 16/12/2014 mu rwego rwa mbere NKUSI KABARE Alphonse yarasabye ko yahabwa igihe cy’amezi 2 ngo arebe ko yakwishyura ariko mu guca urubanza urukiko ntirwagisuzuma nk’uko kopi y’urubanza ibigaragaza, bityo urukiko rukaba rutaraciye urubanza ku cyasabwe cyose. [8] Urukiko rusanga ariko NKUSI KABARE Alphonse atahabwa igihe cy’amezi 2 kugira ngo atangire kwishyura kuko atagaragaza uko imitungo ye n’abavandimwe bazamufasha kwishyura.

2. Ku byerekeye kwishyura indishyi z’akababaro [9] Ingingo ya 143 y’Itegeko n° 45/2011 ryo kuwa 25/11/2011 rigenga amasezerano iteganya ko nta ndishyi zituruka ku ihungabana zishobora gutangwa, keretse gusa iyo kwica amasezerano byateye ubusembwa ku mubiri cyangwa amasezerano uko ateye cyangwa uburyo yishwe ari byo byateye iryo hungabana. Ingingo ya 167 y’Itegeko n° 21/2012 ryo kuwa 14/06/2012 iteganya ko uregwa mu rukiko rujuririrwa ashobora na we kujurira yuririye ku bujurire bw’urega. [10] Maître NKUBA Milton avuga ko COOPERATIVE INKOMEZAMIRYANGO itanga ubujurire bwuririye ku bundi isaba ko NKUSI KABARE Alphonse ategekwa kuyishyura indishyi z’akababaro itahawe mu rwego rwa mbere zingana na Frw 500.000, ikanasaba izindi ndishyi z’akababaro ku rwego rw’ubujurire zingana na Frw 1.000.000 kubera ko kutayishyura byatumye ijya mu manza zitari ngombwa. [11] Maître MUTUGA Masumbuko avuga ko nta ndishyi z’akababaro COOPERATIVE INKOMEZAMIRYANGO ikwiriye kwishyura kuko urukiko rutazitanze kuko zitasobanuwe, ko no mu bujurire indishyi z’akababaro zidakwiriye kuko hatagararagazwa ishingiro ryazo n’uko zabazwe. [12] Urukiko rusanga nta ndishyi z’akababaro COOPERATIVE INKOMEZAMIRYANGO ikwiriye kwishyurwa na NKUSI KABARE Alphonse kubera ko itagaragaza ko kutayishyura byayiteye ubusembwa ku mubiri.

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3. Ku byerekeye kwishyura indishyi z’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya avoka [13] Ingingo ya 258 y’igitabo cya mbere cy’urwunge rw’amategeko y’imbonezamubano ibyerekeye imirimo nshinganwa cyangwa amasezerano iteganya ko igikorwa cyose cy’umuntu cyangirije undi gitegeka nyirugukora ikosa rigikomokaho kuriha ibyangiritse. Ingingo ya 167 y’Itegeko n° 21/2012 ryo kuwa 14/06/2012 iteganya ko uregwa mu rukiko rujuririrwa ashobora na we kujurira yuririye ku bujurire bw’urega. [14] Maître NKUBA Milton avuga ko COOPERATIVE INKOMEZAMIRYANGO itanga ubujurire bwuririye ku bundi isaba ko NKUSI KABARE Alphonse ategekwa kuyishyura indishyi z’ikurikiranarubanza itahawe mu rwego rwa mbere zingana na Frw 500.000 n’iz’ikiranarubanza mu bujurire zingana na Frw 500.000 kuko akomeje kuyishora mu manza bituma isesagura bitari ngombwa n’igihembo cya avoka mu bujurire kingana na Frw 1.000.000. [15] Maître MUTUGA Masumbuko avuga ko nta gihembo cya avoka COOPERATIVE INKOMEZAMIRYANGO ikwiriye kwishyura kuko mu rwego rwa mbere yavuze ko iretse gusaba igihembo cya avoka kuko yiburaniye, ko mu bujurire indishyi z’ikurikiranarubanza zidakwiriye kuko hatagararagazwa ishingiro ryazo n’uko zabazwe kandi yaje kuburana umunsi umwe n’inyandiko iyihamagara kuza kuburana yarayishyikirijwe na NKUSI KABARE Alphonse, ko igihembo cya avoka kirenze igiteganywa n’icyo abavoka bagenerwa n’amabwiriza abagenga. [16] Urukiko

rusanga nta gihembo cya avoka COOPERATIVE INKOMEZAMIRYANGO ikwiriye mu rwego rwa mbere kubera ko uyihagarariye yavuze ko itakigikurikiranye kuko itakoresheje avoka (kopi y’urubanza agace ka 15). [17] Urukiko rusanga mu bujurire NKUSI KABARE Alphonse agomba kwishyura COOPERATIVE INKOMEZAMIRYANGO indishyi z’ ikurikiranarubanza zingana na Frw 100.000 n’igihembo cya avoka mu bujurire kingana na Frw 500.000 kuko rwasanze atahabwa igihe cy’amezi 2 ngo atangire kuyishyura kandi kujurira kwe kwatumye yiyambaza avoka kandi imirimo ye irahemberwa ariko akaba agenwe mu bushishozi bwarwo kuko ayatswe ari menshi.

4. Ku byerekeye guhabwa igihano gihatira kwishyura [18] Ingingo ya 212 y’Itegeko n° 21/2012 ryo kuwa 14/06/2012 iteganya ko umucamanza abisabwe n’umwe mu baburanyi mu gihe cy’iburanisha ashobora guteganya igihano cyo gutanga amafaranga y’ubukererwe abazwe buri munsi, buri cyumweru, buri kwezi cyangwa buri mwaka k’uwo baburana mu gihe azaba atubahirije imikirize y’urubanza rw’iremezo, ko ayo mafaranga atangira kubarwa uhereye ku munsi ukirikira uwo urubanza ruba rutagishoboye kongera kujuririrwa. [19] Maître NKUBA Milton avuga ko COOPERATIVE INKOMEZAMIRYANGO itanga ubujurire bwuririye ku bundi isaba NKUSI KABARE Alphonse ategekwa kuyishyura Frw 30.000 kuri buri munsi w’ubukererwe kugeza umunsi azaba arangije kwishyura amafaranga yose yategetswe n’urukiko.

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[20] Maître MUTUGA Masumbuko avuga ko igihano gihatira kurangiza urubanza kidakwiriye kuko NKUSI KABARE Alphonse yasabye igihe cyo kwishyura. [21] Urukiko rusanga NKUSI KABARE Alphonse agomba kwishyura COOPERATIVE INKOMEZAMIRYANGO Frw 30.000 ku kwezi y’igihano cy’ubukererwe mu gihe azaba atubahirije imikirize y’uru rubanza, agatangira kubarwa uhereye ku munsi ukirikira uwo urubanza ruzaba rutagishoboye kongera kujuririrwa, ariko akaba agenwe mu bushishozi bwarwo kuko Frw 30.000 ku munsi yatswe ari menshi. III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO [22] RWEMEYE kwakira ubujurire bwatanzwe na NKUSI KABARE Alphonse ariko rwemeje ko nta shingiro bufite. [23] RWEMEYE kwakira ubujurire bwuririye ku bundi bwatanzwe na COOPERATIVE INKOMEZAMIRYANGO kandi rwemeje ko bufite ishingiro kuri bimwe. [24] RWEMEJE ko NKUSI KABARE Alphonse adahabwa igihe cy’amezi 2 kugira ngo atangire kwishyura. [25] RWEMEJE ko nta ndishyi z’akababaro COOPERATIVE INKOMEZAMIRYANGO ikwiriye kwishyurwa na NKUSI KABARE Alphonse, ko nta gihembo cya avoka COOPERATIVE INKOMEZAMIRYANGO ikwiriye mu rwego rwa mbere, ko ariko mu bujurire NKUSI KABARE Alphonse agomba kuyishyura indishyi z’ikurikiranarubanza zingana na Frw 100.000 n’igihembo cya avoka kingana na Frw 500.000. [26] RWEMEJE ko NKUSI KABARE Alphonse agomba kwishyura COOPERATIVE INKOMEZAMIRYANGO Frw 30.000 ku kwezi y’igihano cy’ubukererwe mu gihe azaba atubahirije imikirize y’uru

rubanza, agatangira kubarwa uhereye ku munsi ukirikira uwo urubanza ruzaba rutagishoboye kongera kujuririrwa. [27] RWEMEJE ko imikirize y’urubanza R.Com 0396/14/TC/Mus idahindutse uretse ibyiyongereyeho mu bujurire bigizwe n’indishyi z’ikurikiranarubanza, igihembo cya avoka n’igihano cy’ubukererwe. [28] RUTEGETSE ko mu bujurire NKUSI KABARE Alphonse yishyura COOPERATIVE INKOMEZAMIRYANGO indishyi z’ikurikiranarubanza zingana na Frw 100.000 n’igihembo cya avoka kingana na Frw 500.000, yose hamwe akaba Frw 600.000. [29] RUTEGETSE NKUSI KABARE Alphonse kwishyura COOPERATIVE INKOMEZAMIRYANGO Frw 30.000 ku kwezi y’igihano cy’ubukererwe mu gihe azaba atubahirije imikirize y’uru rubanza, agatangira kubarwa uhereye ku munsi ukirikira uwo urubanza ruzaba rutagishoboye kongera kujuririrwa. [30] RUTEGETSE ko imikirize y’urubanza R.Com 0396/14/TC/Mus idahindutse uretse ibyiyongereyeho mu bujurire bigizwe n’indishyi z’ikurikiranarubanza, igihembo cya avoka n’igihano cy’ubukererwe.

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[31] RUTEGETSE ko Frw 75.000 y’ingwate y’amagarama y’urubanza ya NKUSI KABARE Alphonse yatanze ajurira aherera ku Isanduku ya Leta.