UBUSHINJACYAHA v MUNYAKAYANZA

UBUSHINJACYAHA v MUNYAKAYANZA

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2025-05-29 - Case/document no.: RPAA/GEN 00001/2022/CA - Collection: Court of Appeal

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UBUSHINJACYAHA v MUNYAKAYANZA [Rwanda URUKIKO RW’UBUJURIRE - RPAA/GEN 00001/2022/CA (Umugwaneza, P.J) 29 Gicurasi 2025] Amategeko agenga ibimenyetso – Ubuhamya – Imvugo y’umutangabuhamya ifite ireme, igaragaza ko avuga ibintu azi neza uko byagenze, adategwa kandi afitiye ubumenyi bw’ibyabaye, ntiteshwa agaciro n’uko ari ubuhamya bw’umuntu umwe butunganiwe n’ibindi bimenyetso cyangwa n’uko yagiye yivuguruza ku tuntu duto tudafite aho duhuriye n’ireme ry’ibyo atangira ubuhamya cyangwa se no kuba yaba afitanye amakimbirane n’uwo ashinja. Incamake y’ikibazo: Uru rubanza rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rw’Ubujurire haburanishwa ubujurire bw’urubanza RPA/GEN 00125/2019/HC/HCCIC rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwihariye ruburanisha ibyaha Mpuzamahanga n’ibyambuka imbibi1. Ubushinjacyaha bukaba bwarakurikiranye Munyakayanza ku cyaha cya jenoside, bumurega ko mu gihe cya jenoside yakorewe abatutsi mu mwaka wa 1994 yishe abatutsi bari bahungiye kwa Mudiriga. Inkiko zabanje zikaba zaramuhaje icyo cyaha. Ubwo urubanza rwageraga mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire, Munyakayanza agaragaza ko yahamijwe icyaha cya jenoside hashingiwe ku buhamya bw’umuntu umwe rukumbi ari nawe watanze ikirego, nabwo bwuzuyemo kwivuguruza ndetse banafitanye amakimbirane, basaba ko ubwo buhamya bwateshwa agaciro akagirwa umwere. Anasaba kandi ko mu rwego rwo gutanga ubutabera bunoze, Urukiko rwahamagaza bamwe mu bari inyangamugayo za

Gacaca n’umwe mu bacitse ku icumu witwa Mukandekezi kugira ngo bagaragaze niba koko yaba yaragize uruhare muri jenoside yakorewe abatutsi. Mu bibazo byasuzumwe harimo ibijyanye no kumenya niba ubuhamya bw’uwo Mukamana butaragombaga gushingirwaho kubera ko ari ubuhamya bw’umuntu umwe rukumbi akaba ari nawe watanze ikirego mu Bugenzacyaha, kuba yararanzwe no kwivuguruza ku buryo ubuhamya bwe butagombaga gushingirwaho no kumenya niba hari amakimbirane Mukamana (umutangabuhamya) afitanye na Munyakayanza(uregwa) ku buryo ubuhamya bwe butari gushingirwaho. Incamake y’icyemezo: 1. Imvugo y’umutangabuhamya ifite ireme, igaragaza ko avuga ibintu azi neza uko byagenze, adategwa kandi afitiye ubumenyi bw’ibyabaye, ntiteshwa agaciro n’uko ari ubuhamya bw’umuntu umwe butunganiwe n’ibindi bimenyetso cyangwa n’uko yagiye yivuguruza ku tuntu duto tudafite aho duhuriye n’ireme ry’ibyo atangira ubuhamya cyangwa se no kuba yaba afitanye amakimbirane n’uwo ashinja.

2. Urukiko ntirutegetswe byanze bikunze gukora iperereza cyangwa se kubaza abatangabuhamya buri gihe cyose uko umuburanyi abisabye mu gihe rwumvwa rwanyuzwe n’ibimenyetso rwashyikirijwe kandi n’ababuranyi bahawe umwanya uhagije wo kubyisobanuraho. Bityo guhamagaza bamwe mu bagize inyangamugayo za Gacaca n’umwe mu bacitse ku icumu witwa

1 Muri uru rubanza, mu rwego rwo guhina amagambo, harakoreshwa Urukiko Rukuru mu kuvuga Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwihariye ruburanisha ibyaha Mpuzamahanga n’ibyaha byambuka imbibe.

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kugira ngo bagaragaze niba koko Munyakayanza yaba yaragize uruhare muri jenoside yakorewe abatutsi mu mwaka wa 1994 nta shingiro bifite. Ubujurire nta shingiro bufite. Amategeko yashingiweho: Itegeko N° 062/2024 ryo ku wa 20/06/2024 rigenga ibimenyetso, Ingingo ya 4 n’iya 53. Itegeko Nº 027/2019 ryo ku wa 19/09/2019 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’inshinjabyaha, Ingingo ya 48. Imanza zifashishijwe: Ubushinjacyaha vs Nzajyibwami, alias Kadogo RPA 0101/09/CS rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 09/03/2012. Ubushinjacyaha vs Sgt Biziyaremye & Cpl Ngabonziza, RPAA 0117/07/CS rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 17/07/2010. Ubushinjacyaha vs Sendegeya n’abandi, RPA 00045/2020/CA, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 28/01/2025. Ubushinjacyaha vs Abayisenga n’abandi, RPA 00016/2020/CA, rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rw’Ubujurire ku wa 22/03/2024. Ubushinjacyaha vs Birindabagabo Jean Paul, RPA/GEN 00004/2020/CA rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 08/04/2022.

Urubanza I. IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA [1] MUNYAKAYANZA Jean de Dieu akurikiranyweho icyaha cya jenoside, Ubushinjacyaha bwamureze mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Gicumbi, buvuga ko mu gihe cya jenoside yakorewe abatutsi mu mwaka wa 1994 yishe abatutsi bari bahungiye kwa MUDIRIGA, mu Mudugudu wa Marembo, Akagari ka Migendezo, Umurenge wa Cyinzuzi, Akarere ka Rulindo, Intara y’Amajyaruguru, barimo Silas n’umugore we MUKAMUSONI, n’umwana wabo MUKAGATARE ndetse na MUKANKURANGA na BEATHA. [2] MUNYAKAYANZA Jean de Dieu yaburanye ahakana icyaha, avuga ko nta ruhare yagize muri jenoside yakorewe abatutsi. Mu rubanza N° RP/GEN 00008/2018/TGI/GIC rwaciwe ku wa 05/12/2018, Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Gicumbi, rushingiye ku mvugo z’abatangabuhamya, barimo MUKAMANA Agathe, DUFATANYENAYO Théogène, MBONYINSHUTI Gervais, NGOMAYUBU Xavier na HARAGIRIMANA Sylvestre bose bashinja MUNYAKAYANZA Jean de Dieu ko mu gihe cya jenoside yakorewe abatutsi muri 1994 yishe abatutsi bari bihishe kwa MUDIRIGA, rwamuhamije icyaha cya jenoside, ahanishwa igifungo cya burundu. [3] MUNYAKAYANZA Jean de Dieu yajuririye urwo rubanza mu Rukiko Rukuru, avuga ko atigeze agira uruhare muri jenoside yakorewe abatutsi mu mwaka wa 1994, ko n’ikimenyimenyi

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abantu aregwa kuba yarishe hari abandi bantu bafungiwe kuba barabishe, aribo NGOMAYUBU na GATERA. Yakomeje anenga imvugo z’abatangabuhamya zashingiweho mu kumuhamya icyaha, avuga ko zitagombaga gushingirwaho kuko nka MUKAMANA Agathe bafitanye amakimbirane aturuka ku masezerano bagiranye yo kumuragiza inka, ikindi kandi mu buhamya bwe akaba yararanzwe no kwivuguruza. NGOMAYUBU washyinguye kuri abo abantu biciwe kwa

MUDIRIGA akaba yaravuze ko bishwe n’abasirikare ko atigeze ahabona MUNYAKAYANZA Jean de Dieu. Naho abandi batangabuhamya bakaba bavuga ibyo babwiwe na MUKAMANA Agathe. Asoza asaba kurenganurwa. [4] Ubushinjacyaha bwavuze ko ubujurire bwa MUNYAKAYANZA Jean de Dieu nta shingiro bufite kuko uruhare rwe muri jenoside yakorewe abatutsi mu mwaka wa 1994 rwagaragajwe na MUKAMANA Agathe mu kwezi kwa 04/2018 wasobanuye uburyo yishe abantu, ko ibyo avuga ko bafitanye amakimbirafane na MUKAMANA ashingiye ku nka yamuragije nta shingiro byahabwa kuko inka MUNYAKAYANZA Jean de Dieu yaragiye ari iya nyirasenge wa MUKAMANA. Ubushinjacyaha bwavuze kandi ko ibyo MUNYAKAYANZA Jean de Dieu avuga ko abantu aregwa kwica birezwe na NGOMAYUBU atari ukuri kuko icyo NGOMAYUBU yavuze ari uko ari mu bantu babashyinguye. [5] Mu rubanza N° RPA GEN 00125/2019/HC/HCCIC rwaciwe ku wa 06/04/2022, Urukiko Rukuru, rwasanze ubuhamya bwa NGOMAYUBU Xavier butashingirwaho kuko bugaragaza ko atazi uburyo abo bantu bishwe n’ababishe, rusanga ariko imvugo za MUKAMANA Agathe mu Bugenzacyaha ndetse n’ubuhamya bwe mu Rukiko aho yavuze ko MUNYAKAYANZA Jean de Dieu yishe abatutsi muri jenoside abitegetswe n’abasirikare, bukwiye gufatwaho ukuri. Ku bijyanye no kuvuga ko MUKAMANA Agathe amubeshyera bitewe n’ikibazo cy’inka umuryango wa MUKAMANA waragije MUNYAKAYANZA, Urukiko rwasanze nta shingiro byahabwa kuko atagaragaza

uburyo ibyo bibazo ari byo ntandaro yo kugerekwaho icyaha cya jenoside. Ku bijyanye no kuvuga ko MUKAMANA Agathe yivuguruza, Urukiko rwasanze nabyo nta shingiro bifite. Maze rwemeza ko ubujurire bwa MUNYAKAYANZA Jean de Dieu nta shingiro bufite, rusanga ariko kuba yarashowe muri iki cyaha n’abasirikare byamubera impamvu nyoroshyacyaha yatuma ibihano yahanishijwe bigabanywa, ahanishwa igifungo cy’imyaka makumyabiri n’itanu (25). [6] MUNYAKAYANZA Jean de Dieu yajuririye Urukiko rw’Ubujurire, urubanza ruhabwa N° RPAA/GEN 00001/2022/CA, iburanisha ryarwo rishyirwa ku wa 14/04/2025, kuri uwo munsi ntirwaburanishwa kubera ko Ubushinjacyaha bwari bwandikiye Urukiko burumenyesha ko budashobora kuboneka kuko bufite izindi manza, iburanisha ryimurirwa ku wa 14/05/2025, uwo munsi ruburanishwa mu ruhame MUNYAKAYANZA Jean de Dieu yunganiwe na Me HARERIMANA Hilaire, Ubushinjacyaha buhagarariwe na MUKUNZI Faustin, Umushinjacyaha ku rwego rw’Igihugu. [7] MUNYAKAYANZA Jean de Dieu n’umwunganira banenga ko yahamijwe icyaha cya jenoside hashingiwe ku buhamya bw’umuntu umwe rukumbi ari nawe watanze ikirego, uwo akaba ari MUKAMANA Agathe nabwo bwuzuyemo kwivuguruza ndetse banafitanye amakimbirane, basaba ko ubwo buhamya bwateshwa agaciro MUNYAKAYANZA Jean de Dieu akagirwa umwere.

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[8] Ubushinjacyaha buvuga ko ubuhamya bwatanzwe na MUKAMANA Agathe bukwiye guhamana agaciro kabwo kuko ibyo ashinja MUNYAKAYANZA Jean de Dieu atari ibyo ahimba ahubwo ari ibyo yiboneye n’amaso ye bikaba bitateshwa agaciro n’uko ari ubuhamya bw’umuntu umwe kuko nta Tegeko ribibuza. Ko n’ibyo yivuguruzaho ari utuntu duto tudashobora gutesha agaciro ireme ry’ubuhamya kuko bishobora guterwa n’impamvu zitandukanye nko kuba yakwibagirwa bitewe n’igihe gishize jenoside ibaye n’ibindi. Ku bijyanye n’amakimbirane MUNYAYANZA Jean de Dieu avuga afitanye na MUKAMANA Agathe, Ubushinjacyaha buvuga ko nta kimenyetso ayagaragariza, bityo ko ubujurire bwe nta shingiro bufite. [9] Hakurikijwe imiburanire y’impande zombi, muri uru rubanza harasuzumwa ikibazo cyo kumenya niba ubuhamya bwa MUKAMANA Agathe butaragombaga gushingirwaho muguhamya MUNYAKAYAKANZA Jean de Dieu icyaha cya jenoside kubera impamvu zikurikira: a. kubera ko ari ubuhaya bw’umuntu umwe rukumbi ari nawe watanze ikirego mu Bugenzacyaha; b. kubera ko yivuguruza; c. kubera ko afitanye amakimbirane na MUNYAKAYANZA Jean de Dieu. II. ISESENGURA RY’IBIBAZO BIGIZE URUBANZA a. Ibijyanye no kumenya niba ubuhamya bwa MUKAMANA Agathe butaragombaga gushingirwaho kubera ko ari ubuhamya bw’umuntu umwe rukumbi akaba ari nawe watanze ikirego mu Bugenzacyaha [10] MUNYAKAYANZA Jean de Dieu n’umwunganira bavuga ko, yahamijwe icyaha cya jenoside

hashingiwe ku buhamya bw’umuntu umwe rukumbi ariwe MUKAMANA Agathe, uyu akaba ari nawe watanze ikirego mu Bugenzacyaha, ko hashingiwe ku ihame ry’uko ubuhamya bw’umutangabuhamya umwe budakwiye gushingirwaho “Unus Testis, Nullus Testis”, (One witness is no witness”, ubwo buhamya butagombaga gushingirwaho mu gihe nta kindi kimenyetso kibushyigikiye, basaba ko bwateshwa agaciro MUNYAKAYANZA Jean de Dieu akagirwa umwere. [11] Ubushinjacyaha buvuga ko, nta cyabuza ko ubuhamya bw’umuntu umwe buhabwa agaciro bukaba bwashingirwaho mu gufata icyemezo bitabaye ngombwa ko bwunganirwa n’ibindi bimenyetso kuko nk’uko biteganywa mu ngingo ya 53 y’Itegeko N° 062/2024 ryo ku wa 20/06/2024 rigenga ibimenyetso yahinduye ingingo ya 65 y’Itegeko N° 15/2004 ryo ku wa 12/6/2004 ryerekeye ibimenyetso mu manza n’itangwa ryabyo, mu gusesengura no guha agaciro ikimenyetso cy’ubuhamya mu magambo hatitabwa ku mubare w’abatangabuhamya, ahubwo hitabwa ku bumenyi bwabo bw’ibyabaye no k’ubudakemwa bw’ubuhamya batanga. Ko rero ihame ryo mu mategeko MUNYAKAYANZA Jean de Dieu n’umwunganira bavuga ry’uko ubuhamya bw’umuntu umwe budakwiye gushingirwaho, ridashobora gusimbura Itegeko. [12] Ubushinjacyaha bukomeza buvuga ko hazashingirwa no ku rubanza N° RPA 0101/09/CS rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 01/06/2012, Ubushinjacyaha buburana na NZAJYIBYAMI Emmanuel, aho Urukiko rw’Ikirenga rwasobanuye ingingo ya 65 y’Itegeko N° 15/2004 ryo ku

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12/06/2004 ryerekeye ibimenyetso mu manza n’itangwa ryabyo, rwemeza ko nta cyabuza ko ubuhamya bw’umuntu umwe bushingirwaho mu gufata icyemezo.

UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [13] Impaka kuri iyi ngingo, zishingiye ku kumenya agaciro k’ikimenyetso gishingiye ku buhamya bw’umuntu umwe, ari nawe watanze ikirego. [14] Ingingo ya 53 y’Itegeko N° 062/2024 ryo ku wa 20/06/2024 rigenga ibimenyetso, yahinduye ingingo ya 65 y’Itegeko N° 15/2004 ryo ku wa 12/06/2004 ryerekeye ibimenyetso mu manza n’itangwa ryabyo, ivuga ko: “Urwego rufite ububasha rusuzuma ukwemerwa cyangwa ukutemerwa n’agaciro by’ikimenyetso gishingiye ku buhamya. Ntirwita ku mubare w’abatangabuhamya, ahubwo rwita cyane ku bumenyi bw’ibyabaye no ku budakemwa bw’ubuhamya batanga”. [15] Ingingo ya 48 y’Itegeko Nº 027/2019 ryo ku wa 19/09/2019 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’inshinjabyaha nk’uko ryavuguruwe kugeza ubu, iteganya ko “umuntu wese wagize uruhare mu ikorwa ry’icyaha cyangwa uwakorewe icyaha ashobora kumvwa nk’umutangabuhamya”. [16] Izi ngingo zisomewe hamwe, zumvikanisha ko urwego rubifitiye ububasha (n’Urukiko rurimo), arirwo rusuzuma mu bushishozi bwarwo agaciro gakwiye guhabwa ikimenyetso gishingiye ku buhamya, rutitaye ko ari ubw’umuntu umwe, ahubwo rwitaye ku bumenyi bafite ku byabaye no ku budakemwa bw’ibyo bavuga, kabone n’iyo bwaba ari ubw’uwakorewe icyaha cyangwa umwe mu bagize uruhare mu ikorwa ryacyo. Mu yandi magambo, kuba ubuhamya bwaba bwaratanzwe n’umuntu umwe cyangwa bukaba bwaratanzwe n’uwakorewe icyaha cyangwa se uwatanze ikirego, ibyo

ubwabyo ntibyaba impamvu ituma budashingirwaho, ahubwo busuzumanwa ubushishozi, byagaragara ko bufite ireme, ko ubutanga azi ukuri ku byabaye, ko ntacyo yihimbira, bugashingirwaho mugafata icyemezo. [17] Ibimaze kuvugwa mu gika kibanziriza iki, bisa n’ibyemejwe n’uru Rukiko mu rubanza N° RPA 00016/2020/CA, rwaciwe ku wa 22/03/2024, Ubushinjacyaha buburana na ABAYISENGA Vénant na bagenzi be, rwemeje ko “Imvugo cyangwa ubuhamya by’umuntu wese (ufite ubushobozi) bishobora kumvwa kandi bigashingirwaho mu rubanza hatitawe ko ari imvugo y’umuntu umwe kabone n’iyo yaba yarabaye umuburanyi muri urwo rubanza. Apfa gusa kuba afite amakuru ahagije ku birebana n’ingingo igibwaho impaka2. [18] Nk’uko imikirize y’urubanza rujuririrwa ibigaragaza, cyane cyane mu gika cya 20, Urukiko Rukuru rwahamije MUNYAKAYANZA Jean de Dieu icyaha cya jenoside rushingiye ku buhamya bwa MUKAMANA Agathe, uyu akaba ari nawe watanze ikirego nk’uko bigaragara muri dosiye y’uru rubanza3. [19] Dosiye y’uru rubanza igaragaza inyandikomvugo ya MUKAMANA Agathe atanga ikirego mu Bugenzacyaha ku wa 12/04/2018, aho avuga ko mu gihe cya jenoside yakorewe abatutsi mu

2 Reba igika cya 151 cy’urwo rubanza 3 Reba inyandikomvugo ya MUKAMANA Agathe atanga ikirego mu Bugenzacyaha ku wa 12/04/2018.

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mwaka wa 1994 bari kwa sekuru haje abasirikare batanu (5) babajyana ku irembo, MUNYAKAYANZA Jean de Dieu aba arahageze, abo basirikare bamuha isuka bamutegeka kubica, arabyemera yica abantu batanu (5) barimo Silas n’umugore we witwaga MUKAMUSONI n’umwana wabo witwaga MUKAGATARE yica na MUKANKURANGA na Béatha. Igaragaza kandi ko no mu Rukiko Rukuru, mu iburanisha ryo ku wa 02/03/2022, MUKAMANA Agathe yabajijwe nk’umutangabuhamya, avuga ko ubwo bari bahungiye kwa MUDIRIGA, MUNYAKAYANZA Jean de Dieu yahageze yigendera kuko ari ku nzira, abasirikare bamuha isuka ngo yice abantu, yica abantu batanu (5). [20] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rushingiye ku ngingo ya 53 y’Itegeko N° 062/2024 ryo ku wa 20/06/2024 rigenga ibimenyetso, ingingo ya 48 y’Itegeko Nº 027/2019 ryo ku wa 19/09/2019 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’inshinjabyaha ndetse n’umurongo watanzwe mu rubanza N° RPA 00016/2020/CA byose byibukijwe haruguru (mu gika cya 14, 15 n’icya 17 by’uru rubanza), rurasanga imvugo za MUKAMANA Agathe yavugiye mu Bugenzacyaha ku wa 12/04/2018 n’izo yavugiye mu Rukiko ku wa 02/03/2022 zimaze kugaragazwa mu gika kibanziriza iki, zigaragaza neza ko avuga ibintu azi neza uko byagenze, adategwa kandi ntacyo yihimbira, bityo zikaba zitari kubuzwa gushingirwaho n’uko ari imvugo z’umuntu umwe ari nawe urega cyangwa n’uko zitunganiwe n’ibindi bimenyetso, mu gihe bigaragarira Urukiko ko ibyo avuga bufite

ireme, ko azi ukuri ku byabaye ko ntacyo yihimbira. Bityo ubujurire bwa MUNYAKAYANZA Jean de Dieu kuri iyi ngingo bukaba nta shingiro bufite. b. Ibijyanye no kumenya niba MUKAMANA Agathe yararanzwe no kwivuguruza ku buryo ubuhamya bwe butagombaga gushingirwaho [21] MUNYAKAYANZA Jean de Dieu n’umwunganira bavuga ko, mu icibwa ry’urubanza rujuririrwa, Urukiko Rukuru rwashingiye ku mvugo za MUKAMANA Agathe zuzuyemo kwivuguruza ku buryo zitagombaga gushingirwaho. Basobanura ko MUKAMANA Agathe yivuguruje kuri ibi bikurikira:  ku bijyanye n’umubare w’abasirikare baje mu gitero cyishe abatutsi biciwe kwa MUDIRIGA, aho mu ibazwa rye mu Bugenzacyaha yavuze ko haje igitero cy’interahamwe gishorewe n’abasirikare batanu (5), MUNYAKAYANZA Jean de Dieu ahanyuze abo basirikare bamuha isuka ngo yice abantu bari aho, yica abantu batanu (5), naho mu Rukiko Rukuru avuga ko igitero cy’interahamwe cyaje gishorewe n’abasirikare babiri (2) baha MUNYAKANZA isuka yica abantu batatu (3);  ku bijyanye n’aho yahungiye mu gihe cya jenoside yakorewe abatutsi mu mwaka wa 1994 kuko mu mabazwa ye ari muri dosiye bigagara ko yavuze ko bahungiye kwa MUDIRIGA, naho mu nyandiko yo ku wa 31/03/2019 avuga ko bahungiye kwa NGENDAHIMANA Silas;  ku bijyanye n’inka MUNYAKAYANZA Jean de Dieu yari yararagijwe na GAKARAGO, aho mu Bugenzacyaha MUKAMANA Agathe yavuze ko iyo nka yari iya nyirasenge, ageze mu Rukiko Rukuru avuga ko yari iyabo. [22] MUNYAKAYANZA Jean de Dieu n’umwunganira bavuga ko, uretse no kuba MUKAMANA Agathe yivuguruza mu mvugo ze, hari n’ibindi byashoboraga gutuma ubuhamya

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bwe dudafatwa nk’ukuri ku buryo butagombaga gushingirwaho, birimo kuba mu nyandiko yo ku wa 31/03/2019, MUKAMANA Agathe agaragaza ko igihe ubwicanyi bwaberaga kwa MUDIRIGA yari ku irembo; bikaba bitumvikana uburyo yamenye ibyabereye mu rugo ngo amenye umuntu wishe abahiciwe kandi ari ku irembo. Kuba mu buhamya bwa NGOMAYUBU imbere y’Urukiko Rukuru, yaragaragaje ko ubwicanyi bwakorewe kwa MUDIRIGA bwabaye ninjoro ndetse ko atigeze ahasanga MUNYAKAYANZA Jean de Dieu, naho MUKAMANA Agathe we akavuga ko MUNYAKAYANZA Jean de Dieu yanyuze kwa MUDIRIGA agiye ku isoko; aha hakaba hakwibazwa niba isoko rirema ninjoro. [23] MUNYAKAYANZA Jean de Dieu n’umwunganira bavuga ko, kubera izo mpamvu zose bamaze kugaragaza haruguru, ubuhamya bwa MUKAMANA Agathe butagombaga gushingirwaho mu guhamya MUNYAKAYANZA Jean de Dieu icyaha cya jenoside, basaba ko bwateshwa agaciro, akagirwa umwere, cyangwa se mu rwego rwo gutanga ubutabera bunoze, Urukiko rugahamagaza bamwe mu bari inyangamugayo za Gacaca aribo NANGWAHAFI Laurent na NIYITEGEKA Dionysion n’umwe mu bacitse ku icumu witwa MUKANDEKEZI Donatha kugira ngo bagaragaze niba koko MUNYAKAYANZA Jean de Dieu yaba yaragize uruhare muri jenoside yakorewe abatutsi, cyane cyane ko no mu Rukiko Rukuru bari babisabye, ariko ntirwabiha agaciro. [24] Ubushinjacyaha buvuga ko mu Bugenzacyaha, MUKAMANA Agathe yagaragaje ko mu gitero cyaje kwa MUDIRIGA ubwo

MUNYAKAYANZA Jean de Dieu yicaga umuryango wa Silas harimo abasirikare batanu (5), imbere y’Urukiko Rukuru ku wa 02/03/2022, ku rupapuro rwa 6 rw’inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha yongera kuvuga ko abasirikare bahaye isuka MUNYAKAYANZA maze ayicisha abantu batanu (5). Ku rupapuro rwa 5 avuga ko ari kumwe na nyina umubyara n’abandi bari bahungiye kwa sewabo wa se haje igitero cy’abasirikare babiri (2) maze cyica abantu bane (4), ku rupapuro rwa 7 avuga ko mu gitero cya mbere aribwo yakubiswe ubuhiri ariko ntiyamenya uwabumukubise. Ko rero ibivugwa na MUKAMANA Agathe byumvikanisha ko haje ibitero birenze kimwe kandi n’umubare w’abasirikare ukaba utaragumye kuri babiri (2), ariyo mpamvu aho yavuze ko abasirikare bari batanu (5) byafatwaho ukuri. [25] Ubushinjacyaha bukomeza buvuga ko kuba MUKAMANA Agathe yakwivuguruza ku mubare w’abasirikare baje mu gitero, bisa no kuba yakwivuguruza ku matariki ibikorwa avuga byabereyeho, ibyo bikaba bitatesha agaciro ireme ry’ubuhamya bw’ibyabaye kuko bishobora guterwa n’impamvu zitandukanye, nko kuba yakwibagirwa bitewe n’igihe gishize jenoside ibaye kandi bikamara igihe kirekire abahigwaga bicwa. Ko ibyo byabayeho no mu manza zaberaga mu Rukiko Mpuzamahanga Mpanabyaha rwashyiriweho u Rwanda rwa ICTR, nko mu rubanza rwa SEROMBA Athanase, bityo ko n’iyo MUKAMANA Agathe yaba yivuguruza ku bijyanye n’umubare w’abasirikare bari bayoboye igitero, bitatesha agaciro ireme ry’ubuhamya bwe. [26] Ku bijyanye n’aho MUKAMANA Agathe yihishe mu gihe cya jenoside yakorewe abatutsi mu mwaka wa 1994, Ubushinjacyaha buvuga ko atigeze avuga ko bihishe kwa NGENDAHIMANA Silas cyangwa kwa MUDIRIGA ahubwo yavuze ko bihishe kwa sekuru, ko izina rya

MUDIRIGA ryavuzwe na NGOMAYUBU. Naho ku bijyanye n’inka MUNYAKAYANZA Jean de Dieu yari aragiye, Ubushinjacyaha buvuga ko kuba MUKAMANA Agathe yaravuze ko iyo nka yari iyabo nta kibazo kibirimo kuko ari iya nyirasenge kandi nyirasenge akaba ari uwo mu muryango we.

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[27] Ku bijyanye no kuvuga ko MUKAMANA Agathe atari kumenya ibirimo kubera murugo kwa MUDIRIGA ngo amenye uwishe abantu bahiciwe kuko avuga ko byabaye ari ku irembo, Ubushinjacyaha buvuga ko kuba yari ku irembo bitamubuza kubona ibibera mu rugo ku buryo byaba impamvu ituma ubuhamya bwe buteshwa agaciro. Ku bijyanye no kuvuga ko NGOMAYUBU avuga ko abantu biciwe kwa MUDIRIGA bishwe ninjoro, naho MUKAMANA Agathe akavuga ko MUNYAKAYANZA Jean de Dieu yabishe agiye ku isoko kandi isoko rirema kumanywa, Ubushinjacyaha buvuga ko abantu biciwe kwa MUDIRIGA bishwe kumanywa, ko icyabaye ninjoro ari igihe bakubise MUKAMANA Agathe ubuhiri. [28] Ku bijyanye no kuvuga ko inyangamugayo za gacaca zahamagazwa zigatanga ubuhamya, Ubushinjacyaha buvuga ko ibyo nta shingiro bifite kuko ibikorwa MUNYAKAYANZA Jean de Dieu akurikiranyweho byagaragaye ikusanyamakuru ryararangiye na Gacaca yarashoje imirimo yayo, ari mugihe cyo kwibuka MUKAMANA Agathe amubonye yibuka ko yagize uruhare mu iyicwa ry’abatutsi biciwe kwa MUDIRIGA, kandi ko kuba umuntu yaba yarakoze jenocide ikusanyamakuru ntirigire icyo rimuvugaho, bitabuza ko igihe icyo aricyo cyose yakurikiranwa.

UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [29] Ku bijyanye n’ufite inshingano zo kugaragaza ibimenyetso by’ibyo aburana, ingingo ya 4, agace ka (1) y’Itegeko N° 062/2024 ryo ku wa 20/06/2024 rigenga ibimenyetso, ivuga ko: “Urega cyangwa utanze ikibazo agaragaza ikimenyetso cy’ibyo aregera cyangwa asaba. Uwiregura agaragaza ikimenyetso gishyigikira ukwiregura kwe. …”. [30] Naho ikibazo kijyanye no kwivuguruza kw’abatangabuhamya cyafashweho umurongo n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ndetse n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire mu manza zitandukanye, zemeza ko: “ukwivuguruza kutafatirwa gusa ku magambo umutangabuhamya akoresha cyangwa kudahuza neza imvugo mu gusobanura imigendekere y’ibyo atangira ubuhamya, ko icya ngombwa ari uko ireme ry’ibyo avuga (substance) ridahinduka4”. [31] Ku bijyanye n’umubare w’abasirikare baje mu gitero cy’ishe abatutsi bari bihishe kwa MUDIRIGA, dosiye y’uru rubanza igaragaza ko MUKAMANA Agathe atanga ikirego mu Bugenzacyaha ku wa 12/04/2018, yasobanuye ko mu gihe cya jenoside yakorewe abatutsi mu mwaka wa 1994, bari kwa sekuru haje abasirikare batanu (5) babajyana ku irembo, MUNYAKAYANZA Jean de Dieu aba arahageze, abo basirikare bamuha isuka bamutegeka kubica, arabyemera yica abantu batanu (5) barimo Silas n’umugore we witwaga MUKAMUSONI n’umwana wabo witwaga MUKAGATARE ndetse na MUKANKURANGA na Béatha. [32] MUKAMANA Agathe abazwa mu Rukiko Rukuru, mu iburanisha ryo ku wa 02/03/2022, yasobanuye ko bahungiye kwa sewabo wa se witwaga MUDIRIGA bakundaga kwita Rwego, haza igitero cy’interahamwe zishorewe n’abasirikare babiri (2), babajyana mu kiraro cy’inka, nyuma babasaba amafaranga ngo babarekure, nyina ahagurutse ngo ajye kuyazana bamukubita umuhoro

4 Reba urubanza N° RPAA 0117/07/CS rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 17/07/2010 haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Sgt BIZIYAREMYE na Cpl NGABONZIZA (igika cya 14), urubanza N° RPA/GEN 00004/2020/CA rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 08/04/2022 haburana Ubushinjacyaha na BIRINDABAGABO Jean Paul (igika cya 141), urubanza N° RPA 00045/2020/CA, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 28/01/2025, Ubushinjacyaha buburana na SENDEGEYA Alexis na bagenzi be (igika cya 84) n’izindi.

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ku itako, batangira gutemagura n’abandi bantu, icyo gitero cyica abantu bane (4), nyuma haje MUNYAKAYANZA Jean de Dieu abasirikare bamuha isuka ngo yice abantu, yica abantu batanu (5). [33] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga imvugo za MUKAMANA Agathe yaba iyo mu Bugenzacyaha, yaba iyo yavugiye mu Rukiko Rukuru nk’uko zimaze kugaragazwa mu bika bibanziriza iki, icyo zihurizaho kidahinduka, ari uko mu gihe cya jenoside yakorewe abatutsi mu mwaka wa 1994, bahungiye kwa sekuru witwaga MUDIRIGA bakundaga kwita Rwego, haza abasirikare, nyuma haza na MUNYAKAYANZA Jean de Dieu abasirikare bamuha isuka ngo yice abantu bari aho, yica abantu batanu (5) barimo Silas n’umugore we witwaga MUKAMUSONI n’umwana wabo witwaga MUKAGATARE ndetse na MUKANKURANGA na Béatha. [34] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rushingiye ku murongo watanzwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ndetse n’uru Rukiko mu manza zibukijwe haruguru (mu gika cya 30 cy’uru rubanza), rurasanga kuba MUKAMANA Agathe adahuza neza imvugo ku bijyanye n’umubare w’abasirikare baje mugitero cyahitanye abantu biciwe kwa MUDIRIGA, hamwe akavuga ko bari batanu (5) ubundi akavuga ko bari babiri (2) nk’uko bimaze kugaragazwa mu bika bibanziriza iki, ibyo bitaba impamvu yatuma ubuhamya bwe buteshwa agaciro kuko ireme ry’ibyo avuga (substance) by’uko MUNYAKAYANZA Jean de Dieu yageze aho bari bishe kwa MUDIRIGA agahabwa isuka n’abasirikare ngo yice abantu batanu (5) nawe

akemera akabica, ryo ridahinduka. [35] Ku bijyanye n’aho MUKAMANA Agathe yahungiye, dosiye igaragaza ko ari imbere y’Ubugenzacyaha ku wa 12/04/2018, yasobanuye ko mu gihe cya jenoside yakorewe abatutsi mu mwaka wa 1994 bahungiye kwa sekuru, abazwa mu Rukiko Rukuru mu iburanisha ryo ku wa 02/03/2022 avuga ko bahungiye kwa sewabo wa se witwaga MUDIRIGA bakundaga kwita Rwego. Inyandiko yo ku wa 31/03/2019 yiswe “gusubiza ubusabe bwa MUNYAKAYANZA Jean de Dieu ku rubanza afitanye na MUKAMANA rwabaye ku wa 10/04/2018”, igaragaza ko MUKAMANA Agathe atanga amakuru y’uburyo MUNYAKAYANZA Jean de Dieu yishe abatutsi biciwe kwa MUDIRIGA, yavuze ko mu gihe cya jenoside yakorewe abatutsi mu mwaka wa 1994 bahungiye kwa MUDIRIGA. [36] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga, imiburanire ya MUNYAKAYANZA Jean de Dieu n’umwunganira y’uko MUKAMANA Agathe yivuguruza ku bijyanye n’aho yahungiye mu gihe cya jenoside yakorewe abatutsi mu mwaka wa 1994, ko hari aho avuga ko yahungiye kwa MUDIRIGA naho mu nyandiko yo ku wa 31/03/2019 akavuga ko yahungiye kwa NGENDAHIMANA Silas; nta shingiro ifite kuko nk’uko byagaragajwe mu gika kibanziriza iki, haba mu mabazwa ye, haba mu nyandiko yo ku wa 31/03/2019, ntaho MUKAMANA Agathe yigeze avuga ko bahungiye kwa NGENDAHIMANA Silas, ahubwo hose yavuze ko bahungiye kwa sekuru witwaga MUDIRIGA bakundaga kwita Rwego. [37] Ku bijyanye n’inka MUNYAKAYANZA Jean de Dieu yaragijwe na GAKARAGO, Dosiye y’uru rubanza igaragaza ko aho MUKAMANA Agathe yayivuzeho ari mu Rukiko Rukuru mu iburanisha ryo ku wa 02/03/2022. Muri iryo buranisha yavuze ko inka MUNYAKAYANZA yaragijwe na GAKARAGO ari iyabo, anavuga ko yaje gupfa ariko ipfa yarasubiye kwa GAKARAGO.

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[38] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga kuri iyi ngingo, nta kwivuguruza kwabayeho nk’uko MUNYAKAYANZA Jean de Dieu n’umwunganira bashaka kubyumvikanisha kuko nk’uko bimaze kuvugwa mu gika kibanziriza iki, aho bigaragara ko MUKAMANA Agathe yavuzeho kuri iyo nka ari mu Rukiko Rukuru gusa, aho yavuze ko inka yari iyabo, GAKARAGO ayiragiza MUNYAKAYANZA Jean de Dieu. [39] Ku bijyanye no kuvuga ko ubwicanyi bwabereye kwa MUDIRIGA bwabaye MUKAMANA Agathe ari ku irembo, bityo ko atari kumenya ibirimo kubera murugo ngo amenye abakoze ubwo bwicanyi, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga, nta shingiro byahabwa kuko kuba umuntu yaba ari ku irembo ry’urugo, bitamubuza kumenya ibirimo kubera muri urwo rugo. [40] Ku bijyanye no kuvuga ko NGOMAYUBU agaragaza ko ubwicanyi bwabereye kwa MUDIRIGA bwabaye ninjoro, naho MUKAMANA Agathe akavuga ko MUNYAKAYANZA Jean de Dieu yanyuze kwa MUDIRIGA agiye ku isoko yica abantu bari bahari, nyamara isoko ritarema ninjoro, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga nk’uko dosiye ibigaragaza, koko NGOMAYUBU abazwa mu Rukiko Rukuru ku wa 02/03/2022 yaravuze ko Béatha, MUKAMUSONI, MUKANKURANGA na MUKAGATARE biciwe kwa MUDIRIGA ari ninjoro, bukeye barabahamagara ngo bajye kubashyingura ariko we ajya gushyingura abiciwe kwa RUFUKU. Yabajijwe icyamubwiye ko abantu biciwe kwa MUDIRIGA bishwe ninjoro mu gihe atagiye kubashyingura, avuga ko yabimenye mugitondo abantu barimo

kubivuga. [41] Inyandiko yo ku wa 31/03/2019 yiswe “gusubiza ubusabe bwa MUNYAKAYANZA Jean de Dieu ku rubanza afitanye na MUKAMANA rwabaye ku wa 10/04/2018”, igaragaza ko ubwo MUKAMANA Agathe yatangaga amakuru y’uburyo mu gihe cya jenoside yakorewe abatutsi mu mwaka wa 1994, MUNYAKAYANZA Jean de Dieu yishe abatutsi biciwe kwa MUDIRIGA, yavuze ko ubwo bari bahungiye kwa MUDIRIGA, MUNYAKAYANZA Jean de Dieu yahanyuze agana ku isoko, abasirikare bamuhereza isuka ngo yice abatutsi. [42] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rusesenguye imvugo ya MUKAMANA Agathe yo mu nyandiko yo ku wa 31/03/2019, rurasanga kuvuga ko MUNYAKAYANZA Jean de Dieu yanyuze kwa MUDIRIGA agana ku isoko, bitavuze ko yari aremye isoko, ahubwo icyo ishaka kumvikanisha ni uko yaganaga mu cyerekezo cy’aho isoko riherereye. Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rukaba rusanga kuba abatutsi biciwe kwa MUDIRIGA baba barishwe mu ijoro, ibyo bidakuraho ko bishwe na MUNYAKAYANZA Jean de Dieu nk’uko abishinjwa na MUKAMANA Agathe kuko ibyo we n’umwunganira bavuga ko atari kurema isoko ninjoro, nta shingiro byahabwa kuko nk’uko bimaze kuvugwa haruguru, kuba yaranyuze kwa MUDIRIGA agana ku isoko, bidasobanuye ko yari aremye isoko. Byongeye kandi ikiburanwa muri uru rubanza si ukumenya niba MUNYAKAYANZA Jean de Dieu yararemye isoko mu ijoro, ahubwo ikiburanwa ni ukumenya niba ariwe wishe abatutsi biciwe kwa MUDIRIGA barimo Silas n’umugore we

witwaga MUKAMUSONI n’umwana wabo witwaga MUKAGATARE ndetse na MUKANKURANGA na Béatha. [43] Ku bijyanye no gusaba ko hahamagazwa bamwe mu bagize inyangamugayo za Gacaca aribo NANGWAHAFI Laurent na NIYITEGEKA Dionysion n’umwe mu bacitse ku icumu witwa MUKANDEKEZI Donatha kugira ngo bagaragaze niba koko MUNYAKAYANZA Jean de Dieu yaba yaragize uruhare muri jenoside yakorewe abatutsi mu mwaka wa 1994, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga nta shingiro bifite kuko nk’uko byemejwe mu rubanza N° RPA 0101/09/CS rwaciwe

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n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 09/03/2012, Urukiko rudategetswe byanze bikunze gukora iperereza cyangwa se kubaza abatangabuhamya buri gihe cyose uko umuburanyi abisabye mu gihe rwumvwa rwanyuzwe n’ibimenyetso rwashyikirijwe kandi n’ababuranyi bahawe umwanya uhagije wo kubyisobanuraho5. [44] Hashingiwe ku bisobanuro byose bimaze gutangwa ku bijyanye no kuba ubuhamya bwa MUKAMANA Agathe butaragombaga gushingirwaho kuko yaranzwe no kwivuguruza, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga iyi ngingo nta shingiro ifite. c. Ibijyanye no kumenya niba hari amakimbirane MUKAMANA Agathe afitanye na MUNYAKAYANZA Jean de Dieu ku buryo ubuhamya bwe butari gushingirwaho [45] MUNYAKAYANZA Jean de Dieu n’umwunganira, bavuga ko mu gika cya 21 cy’urubanza rujuririrwa Urukiko rwanze guha agaciro amakimbirane MUNYAKAYANZA Jean de Dieu yari asanzwe afitanye na MUKAMANA Agathe ashingiye ku nka, ruvuga ko MUNYAKAYANZA Jean de Dieu yari ayiragiriye nyirasenge wa MUKAMANA Agathe, rwirengagije imvugo ya MUKAMANA Agathe yivugiye imbere y’Urukiko mu iburanisha ryo ku wa 2/3/2022 aho yemeye ko n’ubwo iyo nka MUNYAKAYANZA Jean de Dieu yayiragijwe n’uwitwa GAKARAGO akaba umugabo wa nyirasenge wa MUKAMANA Agathe, yongeyeho ko iyo nka yari iyabo, byumvikanisha ko n’ubwo Urukiko rwanze kubiha agaciro ariko iyo nka yakuruye amakimbirane kuko MUKAMANA Agathe yemeye ko yari iyabo, ibyo bigahuzwa no kuba MUKAMANA Agathe yarabwiye

Urukiko ko yagarutse mu rugo mu mwaka wa 2015 ariko agatanga amakuru (ikirego) mu mwaka wa 2018 nyuma y’uko inka MUNYAKAYANZA Jean de Dieu yari abaragiriye yari imaze gupfa. [46] MUNYAKAYANZA Jean de Dieu n’umwunganira bakomeza bavuga ko Urukiko Rukuru rutari rukwiye kwirengagiza ayo makimbirane ashingiye ku nka mugihe abaturanyi babajijwe barimo inyangamugayo za gacaca arizo NANGWAHAFI Laurent na NIYITEGEKA Dionysion n’uwacitse ku icumu witwa MUKANDEKEZI Donatha bahuriza ku kuba nta ruhare MUNYAKAYANZA yagize mu rupfu rw’abo ashinjwa kwica kandi bose bagahuriza ku makimbirane yabaye hagati ya MUKAMANA na MUNYAKAYANZA ashingiye ku kuba MUNYAKAYANZA Jean de Dieu yarabaragiriye inka ikaza gupfa azwi n’abantu bose ku buryo babona ashobora kuba ari nayo ntandaro (umuzi) yo kugerekwaho icyaha nyuma y’iki gihe cyose, ko mugihe Urukiko rwabona ari ngombwa rwabahamagaza bakabazwa ukuri kukajya ahagaragara. [47] MUNYAKAYANZA Jean de Dieu avuga ko, GAKARAGO yamuragije inka, ayiragira azi ko ari iya GAKARAGO, bagirana amasezerano, GAKARAGO akajya amuha amafaranga igihumbi (1000 Frw) buri kwezi, nyuma MUNYAKAYANZA aza kubona undi muntu uragira ya nka, GAKARAGO arabyanga avuga ko igomba gukomeza kuragirwa na MUNYAKAYANZA anavuga ko inka atari iye ari iya ba MUKAMANA Agathe, inyana iyo nka yari yarabyaye

MUNYAKAYANZA ajya kuyiragiza kwa HAKIZA, iyo yasigaranye ibyaye MUNYAKAYANZA yumva ko inyana yavutse ari ye, abwiye GAKARAGO ko agiye kumuha inka ye kuko zari zimaze kuba eshatu (3), amubwira kuyiha ba MUKAMANA Agathe kuko ari

5 Reba igika cya 9 cy’urubanza N° RPA 0101/09/CS rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 09/03/2012, haburana Ubushinjacyaha na NZAJYIBWAMI Emmanuel alias Kadogo.

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iyabo, amaze kuyibaha, nabo bamusaba kuyibaragirira, arabyemera ariko bakumva ko n’inka zose yazibaha, ari naho havuye amakimbirane yatumye MUKAMANA Agathe amubeshyera. [48] Ubushinjacyaha buvuga ko umugore wa GAKARAGO afitanye isano ya hafi na MUKAMANA Agathe kuko ari nyirasenge, ariko ko gukomeza kuburanisha ko hari amakimbirane ashingiye ku nka, byambuwe agaciro mu nkiko ebyiri MUNYAKAYANZA Jean de Dieu yaburaniyemo bwa mbere. Ko Kugeza no kuri uru rwego, muri dosiye harimo amasezerano yabaye hagati ya GAKARAGO aragiza inka MUNYAKAYANZA Jean de Dieu, ariko ko ibijyanye n’ikimenyetso cy’amakimbirane nta kigaragara muri dosiye na cyane ko MUKAMANA Agathe abazwa imbere y’Urukiko Rukuru yavuze ko inka MUNYAKAYANZA Jean de Dieu yari aragiriye GAKARAGO yaje gupfira kwa GAKARAGO, ko MUNYAKAYANZA atari akiyiragiye. [49] Ubushinjacyaha bukomeza buvuga ko, ibyo kuba MUKAMANA Agathe yaratanze ubuhamya muri 2018 kandi yaragarutse mu Rwanda muri 2015, yasobanuye icyagiye kibimutera, aho yasobanuye ko jenoside ihagaritswe atigeze asubira ku ivuko kuko yabanje guhungana n’abahungaga ajya muri Congo aho agarukiye mu Rwanda arererwa mu kigo cy’imfubyi kugeza 2015 ubwo yasubiraga ku ivuko, nibwo yatangiye kujya mu biganiro byo kwibuka abatutsi bazize jenoside, yaje kuhabona MUNYAKAYANZA, bibanza kumugora gufata icyemezo cyo kumushinja cyane cyane ko yari aziko uwakoze icyaha acyirega, kugeza

ubwo atinyukiye kubibaza uwayoboraga ibiganiro bimenyekana bityo, ikindi kandi icyaha cya jenoside kikaba ari icyaha kidasaza gishobora gukurikiranwa igihe cyose kimenyekaniye. [50] Iby’uko hari inyangamugayo za Gacaca ndetse n’uwacitse ku icumu bavuga ko nta ruhare MUNYAKAYANZA Jean de Dieu yagize muri jenoside yakorewe abatutsi mu Rwanda mu mwaka wa 1994, Ubushinjacyaha buvuga ko nta shingiro byahabwa kuko batagaragaza ko bamenye imyitwarire ye kuva jenoside itangiye kugeza ihagaritswe. Busaba kwemeza ko ubujurire bwa MUNYAKAYANZA Jean de Dieu nta shingiro bufite, ko urubanza rwajuririwe rugumanye agaciro karwo kose.

UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [51] Ingingo ya 4, agace ka (1) y’Itegeko N° 062/2024 ryo ku wa 20/06/2024 rigenga ibimenyetso, ivuga ko: “Urega cyangwa utanze ikibazo agaragaza ikimenyetso cy’ibyo aregera cyangwa asaba. Uwiregura agaragaza ikimenyetso gishyigikira ukwiregura kwe.”. [52] Imikirize y’urubanza rujuririrwa, mu gika cya 21, igaragaza ko ku kibazo cy’amakimbirane akomoka ku nka GAKARAGO yaragije MUNYAKAYANZA Jean de Dieu, Urukiko Rukuru rwasanze, nta shingiro cyahabwa kuko MUNYAKAYANZA Jean de Dieu atagaragaza uburyo kutumvikana ku nka yari aragijwe n’umuryango wa nyirasenge wa MUKAMANA Agathe ari byo ntandaro yo kubeshyerwa icyaha cya jenoside, cyane cyane ko Urukiko rw’Ikirenga rwemeje ko “…nubwo abantu babajijwe baba bafite icyo bapfa n’abaregwa ibyo bitafatwa nk’umuziro kuri bo utuma batabazwa, icy’ingenzi akaba ari uko imvugo yabo itapfa kwemerwa cyangwa ngo ihakanwe itabanje gusuzumwa n’urukiko6”.

6 Urubanza RPAA 0117/07/CS rwaciwe ku wa 17/09/2010, Ubushinjacyaha burega Cpl. Ngabonziza Faustin na Sgt. Bizimungu Jean Baptiste, urupapuro rwa 58-59, ibika bya 7-8.

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[53] Muri dosiye hagaragara inyandiko yo ku 14/12/2009 igaragaza ko GAKARAGO aragije MUNYAKAYANZA Jean de Dieu inka, ko iyo izabyara bwa mbere izaba iya GAKARAGO, yabyara bwa kabiri ikaba iya MUNYAKAYANZA. Bigaraga kandi ko mu iburanisha ryo ku wa 02/03/2022 MUKAMANA Agathe yabajijwe ku bijyanye n’iyo nka, avuga ko yari iyabo GAKARAGO ayiragiza MUNYAKAYANZA Jean de Dieu, nyumaza iza gupfa ariko yarasubiye kwa GAKARAGO. [54] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rusanga ibivugwa na MUNYAKAYANZA Jean de Dieu ko inka yaragijwe na GAKARAGO yari iya ba MUKAMANA Agathe, aribyo kuko na MUKAMANA Agathe yabyemeye mu iburanisha ryo ku wa 02/03/2022. Rurasanga ariko nta kigaragaza ko iyo nka yakuruye amakimbirane hagati ya MUNYAKAYANZA Jean de Dieu na MUKAMANA Agathe, kuko uretse kuba MUNYAKAYANZA Jean de Dieu n’umwunganira babivuga mu magambo gusa, batagaragaza ibimenyetso bibyemeza. [55] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga kandi n’iyo ayo makimbirane yaba yarabayeho, ibyo bitaba impamvu yatuma ibyo MUKAMANA Agathe ashinja MUNYAKAYANZA Jean de Dieu biteshwa agaciro, kuko nk’uko n’Urukiko Rukuru rwabibonye, hashingiwe ku murongo watanzwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga mu rubanza N° RPAA 0117/07/CS rwaciwe ku wa 17/09/2010, haburana Ubushinjacyaha, Sgt BIZIYAREMYE n’undi7, kuba umutangabuhamya wabajijwe yaba afite icyo apfa n’uregwa, ibyo bitafatwa nk’umuziro kuri we utuma atabazwa, icy’ingenzi akaba ari uko imvugo ye

itapfa kwemerwa cyangwa ngo ihakanwe itabanje gusuzumwa n’Urukiko. [56] Hashingiwe ku bisobanuro byose byatanzwe muri uru rubanza, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga imvugo ya MUKAMANA Agathe ifite ireme, igaragaza ko avuga ibintu azi neza uko byagenze, adategwa kandi ntacyo yihimbira, ikaba itateshwa agaciro n’uko ari ubuhamya bw’umuntu umwe butunganiwe n’ibindi bimenyetso cyangwa n’uko yagiye yivuguruza ku tuntu duto tudafite aho duhuriye n’ireme ry’ibyo atangira ubuhamya cyangwa se no kuba yaba afitanye amakimbirane n’uwo ashinja, cyane cyane ko n’ayo makimbirane nta kigaraga ko yabayeho. III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO [57] Rwemeje ko ubujurire bwatanzwe na MUNYAKAYANZA Jean de Dieu nta shingiro bufite; [58] Rwemeje ko urubanza N° RPA/GEN 00125/2019/HC/HCCIC rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwihariye ruburanisha ibyaha Mpuzamahanga n’ibyambuka imbibi, ku wa 06/04/2022, rudahindutse; [59] Rwemeje ko igihano cy’igifungo cy’imyaka makumyabiri n’itanu (25) MUNYAKAYANZA Jean de Dieu yahanishijwe muri urwo rubanza kubera guhamwa n’icyaha cya jenocide, kigumyeho.

7 Reba igika cya 8 cy’urubanza N° RPAA 0117/07/CS rwaciwe ku wa 17 NZERI 2010, haburana Ubushinjacyaha, Sgt BIZIYAREMYE n’undi. (Muri urwo rubanza Urukiko rwemeje ko: “N’ubwo abatangabuhamya babajijwe baba bafite icyo bapfa n’abaregwa, ibyo ntibyafatwa nk’umuziro kuribo utuma batabazwa, icy’ingenzi akaba ari uko imvugo yabo itapfa kwemerwa cyangwa ngo ihakanwe itabanje gusuzumwa n’Urukiko”.

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[60] Rutegetse ko MUNYAKAYANZA Jean de Dieu asonewe gutanga amagarama y’urubanza kuko aburana afunze.