UWAMWEZI v UWAMAHORO

# UWAMWEZI v UWAMAHORO

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2024-09-27 - Case/document no.: RCAA 00020/2022/CA - Collection: Court of Appeal

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UWAMWEZI v UWAMAHORO [Rwanda URUKIKO RW’UBUJURIRE - RCAA 00020/2022/CA (Rukundakuvuga, P.J.) 27 Nzeri 2024] Amategeko agenga imanza z’imbonezamubano – Amasezerano – Amasezerano y’ubwumvikane yo kurangiza impaka akozwe mu buryo bukurikije amategeko hagati y’ababuranyi abahindukira itegeko kandi akanarangiza ikibazo bari bafitanye. Incamake y’ikibazo: Uru rubanza rwatangiriye mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge Uwamahoro arega Uwamwezi ko yamwirukanye mu nzu bahawe na FARG agasaba ko yayigiraho uburenganzira bose kuko bayihawe bose. Uwamwezi yavugaga ko iyo nzu yayihawe wenyine kubera uburwayi yari afite. Muri uru rubanza, urukiko rwagobokesheje Sesonga, musaza wabo kuko byashobokaga ko na we yaba afite uburenganzira kuri iyo nzu. Urukiko rwemeje ko ikirego nta shingiro gifite ko umutungo uburanwa ari uwa Uwamwezi. Uwamahoro yajuririye icyo cyemezo mu Rukiko Rukuru avuga ko urukiko rwabanje rutitaye ku bimenyetso yatanze no ku nkomoko y’uwo mutungo. Urukiko rwemeje ko umutungo uburanwa Uwamahoro awufiteho uburenganzira bungana na 50% ariko uregwa ntiyanyurwa ajuririra icyo cyemezo mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire avuga ko Urukiko Rukuru rwirengagije ko ariwe wasabye iyo nzu akanayihabwa n’ubuyobozi. Urukiko rwasabye ababuranyi gukemura ikibazo mu buryo bw’ubwumvikane hakoreshejwe ubuhuza, maze ababuranyi nabo bemeranya ko urubanza bari bafitanye rurangiye mu buryo bw’ubuhuza, bashyikiriza urukiko inyandiko y’ubwumvikane. Urukiko rwasuzumye ikibazo cyo kumenya ingaruka z’amasezerano y’ubwimvikane yabaye hagati ya Uwamwezi na Uwamahoro ku rubanza RCAA 00020/2022/CA rwari mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire. Ababuranyi bombi, bemeranyije kandi bashyira umukono ku masezerano y’ubwumvikane yo kurangiza impaka mu buryo bw’ubuhuza aho Uwamwezi yemeye guha Uwamahoro 50% y’agaciro k’inzu, ni ukuvuga 1.229.107 Frws, aza no kuyamwishyura nkuko babyumvikanye. Incamake y’icyemezo: Amasezerano y’ubwumvikane yo kurangiza impaka akozwe mu buryo bukurikije amategeko hagati y’ababuranyi abahindukira itegeko kandi akanarangiza ikibazo bari bafitanye. Amasezerano y’ubwumvikane asoje urubanza RCAA 00020/2022/CA. Amategeko yashingiweho: Itegeko Nº 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, ingingo ya 9; Itegeko Nº 45/2011 ryo ku wa 25/11/2011 rigenga amasezerano, ingingo ya 64. Nta manza zifashishijwe. I. IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA

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[1] Uwamahoro Chantal avuga ko we na Uwamwezi Marie Claire nk’abavandimwe bahawe inzu kubera ko ntaho kuba bari bafite kuko bari imfubyi zarokotse Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu mwaka 1994, nk’uko bigaragazwa n’urutonde rwakozwe n’Akarere ka Nyarugenge ku wa 16/10/2012, ayibamo igihe gito, nyuma ngo Uwamwezi Marie Claire akaza kuyimusangamo, akamubuza amahoro kugeza ubwo ayimwirukanyemo avuga ko ari iye wenyine. [2] Ku wa 31/01/2019, Uwamahoro Chantal yareze Uwamwezi Marie Claire mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge, asaba ko rutegeka ko yagira uruhare ku nzu iherereye mu Mudugudu wa Kiberinka, Akagari ka Rugarama, Umurenge wa Nyamirambo, Akarere ka Nyarugenge, Umujyi wa Kigali, ngo kuko bayihawe bombi nk’abana b’imfubyi barokotse Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu mwaka wa 1994. Muri urwo rubanza hagobokeshejwemo ku gahato uwitwa SESONGA Vénuste bavukana kuko na we ayifiteho uruhare. Asoza asaba indishyi mbonezamubano n’indishyi z’akababaro kubera kuvutswa uburenganzira ku nzu iburanwa. [3] Uwamwezi Marie Claire yireguye avuga ko inzu iburanwa ari we wayihawe wenyine kubera uburwayi bukomeye yari afite yatewe na jenoside mu mwaka wa 1994, akaba yarayihawe nk’ ubufasha yari yasabye, iyo nzu ikaba iri mu Mudugudu wa Kiberinka, Akagari ka Rugarama, Umurenge wa Nyamirambo, Akarere ka Nyarugenge, Umujyi wa Kigali, maze ku wa 12/09/2013 akagirana na Leta y’u Rwanda ihagarariwe na NKURUNZIZA Alexis Umunyamabanga Nshingwabikorwa w’Umurenge wa Nyamirambo, amasezerano yo kumwegurira inzu ibaruye kuri UPI:1/01/08/04/2637, iherereye mu Mudugudu wa Kiberinka, Akagari ka Rugarama, Umurenge wa Nyamirambo, Akarere ka Nyarugenge, Umujyi wa Kigali. [4] Anavuga kandi ko ku wa 11/11/2013 yahawe n’Umunyamabanga Nshingwabikorwa w’Umurenge wa Nyamirambo icyemezo cy’umutungo kigenewe ibiro by’ubutaka, ashingiye ku cyemezo cy’Umuyobozi w’Akagari ka Rugarama cyo ku wa 19/11/2013, ku wa 28/11/2013 Umuyobozi w’Akagali yandika ikindi cyemezo kigaragaza ko Uwamwezi Marie Claire yahawe inzu na FARG. Ko kuva ku wa 31/12/2014 yatangiye kwishyura imisoro y’ikibanza n’inzu yubatsemo kugeza mu mwaka wa 2018. Naho ko ku birebana n’indishyi mbonezamubano n’iz’akababaro Uwamahoro Chantal asaba, ntazo akwiriye kuko nta ruhare afite ku nzu iburanwa kandi ko ntacyo yamuhutajeho. [5] SESONGA Venuste aburana avuga ko inzu iburanwa yasabwe Uwamwezi Marie Claire atayihawe wenyine, ko ahubwo yakoze uburiganya bwo kuyiyandikishaho wenyine agamije kuyihuguza Uwamahoro Chantal kandi barayihawe bombi. Kandi ko we nta ruhare ayifiteho n’ubwo bavukana. Asoza asaba indishyi zo gushorwa mu manza. [6] Mu rubanza RC 00281/2019/TGI/NYGE rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye ku wa 04/05/2020, rwemeje ko: a. Ikirego cyatanzwe na Uwamahoro Chantal nta shingiro gifite. b. Umutungo ubaruye kuri UPI:1/01/08/04/2637 uri ku cyangombwa cy’amasezerano y’ubukode burambye kigaragaza ko uwanditseho ari Uwamwezi Marie Claire ijana ku ijana (100%), bikemezwa n’amasezerano yagiranye n’Akarere ka Nyarugenge ku wa 12/9/2013 yo kwegurirwa inzu, ko kigomba kugumana agaciro.

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c. Umutungo ugizwe n’inzu iburanwa ari iya Uwamwezi Marie Chantal kuko yayeguriwe n’Ubuyobozi bw’Akarere ka Nyarugenge, bityo Uwamahoro Chantal nta burenganzira ayifiteho. d. Uwamwezi Marie Claire atsinze naho Uwamahoro Chantal atsinzwe. e. Nta ndishyi mbonezamusaruro n’indishyi z’akababaro Uwamahoro Chantal akwiye guhabwa kuko Uwamwezi Marie Claire akoresha umutungo nk’uko yawuhawe na Leta. f.

Nta ndishyi Sesonga Venuste akwiye guhabwa n’abavandimwe be Uwamahoro Chantal n’Uwamwezi Marie Claire kuko atari bo bamugobokesheje mu rubanza. g.

Amafaranga ibihumbi makumyabiri (20.000 Frw) y’amagarama y’urubanza ahwanye n’imirimo yakozwe mu rubanza aherera mu isanduku ya Leta kuko Uwamahoro Chantal yatanze icyemezo cyo mu cyiciro cya mbere cy’ubudehe. [7] Uwamahoro Chantal ntiyishimiye iyo mikirize y’urubanza, ayijuririra mu Rukiko Rukuru, yinubira ko ibimenyetso yatanze bitahawe agaciro, no kuba Urukiko rutaritaye ku nkomoko y’umutungo uburanwa. Asoza asaba indishyi mbonezamusaruro n’iz’akababaro. [8] Ku wa 31/05/2022, Urukiko Rukuru rwakijije urubanza nº RCA 00279/2020/HC/KIG maze rwemeza ko: a. Ubujurire bwatanzwe na Uwamahoro Chantal bufite ishingiro. b. UWAMAHARO Chantal afite uruhare ku umutungo ufite UPI 1/01/08/04/2637 rungana na 50% na MUKAMWEZI Marie Claire awufiteho 50%. c. Icyangombwa cy’umutungo uvuzwe haruguru giteshwa agaciro, Ikigo cy’igihugu gishinzwe imicungire y’ubutaka kigakora ikindi cyangombwa aho uwo mutungo uburanwa Uwamahoro Chantal awufuteho 50% na MUKAMWEZI Marie Claire awufiteho 50%. d. MUKAMWEZI Marie Claire asubiza Uwamahoro Chantal ½ cy’ubukode bw’umutungo uvuzwe haruguru yinjije guhera 2013 angana na 2.700.000 Frw). e. MUKAMWEZI Marie Claire asubiza Uwamahoro Chantal amagarama yishyuye atanga ikirego ku rwego rwa mbere no kuri urwo rwego rw’ubujurire. [9] Ku wa 27/06/2022 Uwamwezi Marie Claire yajuririye urubanza Nº RCA 00279/2020/HC/KIG rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru ku wa 31/05/2022, ubujurire bwe bwandikwa kuri No RCAA 00020/2022/CA, anenga ko Urukiko Rukuru rwirengagije ibimenyetso bigaragaza ko ari we wenyine wasabye agahabwa inzu, maze rwemeza ko Uwamahoro Chantal ayifiteho uburenganzira kandi atarigeze ayisaba ngo anayihabwe, anenga kandi kuba Urukiko rwarirengagije agaciro k’inzu FARG yatanze n’agaciro inzu iburanwa igezeho, asaba n’indishyi z’akababaro. [10] Iburanisha ry’urubanza ryatangiye ku wa 05/02/2024, rigenda risubikwa ku mpamvu zo gushakisha ko ababuranyi bakumvikana ku kibazo bafitanye babishishikarijwe n’Urukiko, bigera rushyizwe ku wa 17/04/2024 guhera ku isaha ya saa tatu (09h00) ngo ruburanishwe.

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[11] Ku wa 18/04/2024 14:47 Uwamwezi Marie Claire yatanze ikirego cyo kwihana Umucamanza KAMERE Emmanuel, ikirego cyandikwa kuri RC 00002/2024/CA. Urubanza ku bwihane RC 00002/2024/CA rwaburanishijwe mu nama y'Abacamanza ku wa 06/06/2024, rusomwa ku wa 24/06/2024 saa cyenda (15h00); rwemeza ko icyo kirego cy'ubwihane nta shingiro gifite, ariko rutegeka ko urubanza RCAA 00020/2022/CA ruzakomeza kuburanishwa n'indi nteko, itariki y’iburanisha ryarwo, ikazamenyeshwa ababuranyi nyuma. [12] Mu nyungu z’ubutabera, Perezida w’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire yafashe icyemezo cyo kugerageza kubumvikanisha mu buhuza (mediation) maze umuhango wo kubumvikanisha utangira kuwa 09/09/2024 saa ine z’amanywa, urangira kuwa 19/09/2024; Uwamwezi Marie Claire na Uwamahoro Chantal bemeranya ko urubanza RCAA 00020/2022/CA bari bafitanye mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire rurangiye mu bwumvikane nk’uko bigaragara mu bika bikurikira. II. IKIBAZO KIGIZE URUBANZA N’ISESENGURA RYACYO Kumenya ingaruka z’amasezerano y’ubwimvikane yabaye hagati ya Uwamwezi Marie Claire na Uwamahoro Chantal ku rubanza No RCAA 00020/2022/CA rwari mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire [13] Ingingo ya 9, igika cya gatatu, y’Itegeko Nº 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, iteganya ibikurikira: "Umucamanza ashobora gushishikariza ababuranyi gukoresha ubwunzi iyo abona ko ari bwo buryo buboneye mu kurangiza impaka. Ashobora kubunga ubwe cyangwa akabohereza mu bwunzi, agasubika urubanza mu gihe ubwunzi burimo gukorwa". [14] Ingingo ya 64 y’Itegeko Nº 45/2011 ryo ku wa 25/11/2011 rigenga amasezerano, iteganya ibikurikira: “Amasezerano akozwe ku buryo bukurikije amategeko aba itegeko ku bayagiranye”. [15] Nk’uko bigaragaragara mu nyandiko y’ubwumvikane yo kuwa 19/09/2024 impande zombi hamwe n’umuhuza muri uwo muhango zashyizeho umukono, nayo iri muri dosiye, impande zombi zemeranyijwe ibi bikurikira: a. Uwamwezi Marie Claire yemeye guha Uwamahoro Chantal 50% y’agaciro k’inzu bari basangiye ihwanye n’amafaranga miliyoni imwe n’ibihumbi magana abiri na makumyabiri n’icyenda n’amafaranga ijana n’arindwi (1.229.107 Frws). b. Uwamwezi Marie Claire yemeye ko aya mafaranga azayishyura bitarenze itariki 11/10/2024 saa ine za mu gitondo. Aya mafaranga akazayamuhera imbere y’Umwanditsi w’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire, bigakorerwa inyandiko ko yishyuwe. Byarenga icyo gihe atishyuye aya mafaranga, amasezerano y’ubwumvikane akazaba ataye agaciro, ikibazo cyabo kigakomereza mu rubanza. [16] Ku wa 24/09/2024 mu masaha ya saa tanu z’amanywa Uwamwezi Marie Claire ari imbere y’Umwanditsi w’Urukiko yishyuye Uwamahoro Chantal miliyoni imwe n’ibihumbi Magana abiri na makumyabiri n’icyenda n’amafaranga ijana na rindwi (1.229.107Frw) nk’uko babyumvikanye mu masezerano y’ubwumvikane bagiranye kuwa 19/09/2024, maze bikorerwa n’inyandikomvugo y’ubwishyu yashyizwe no muri dosiye.

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[17] Kubera izo mpamvu, uru Rukiko rusanga amasezerano y’ubwumvikane yashyizweho umukono n’impande zombi ku wa 19/09/2024 n’ iyi nyandiko y’ubwishyu yakozwe kuwa 24/09/2024, bikemuye ikibazo ababuranyi bari bafitanye, kandi bikaba bisoje urubanza No RCAA00020/2022/CA rwari mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire hagati ya Uwamwezi Marie Claire na Uwamahoro Chantal. III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO [18] Rwemeje ko aya masezerano y’ubwumvikane yabaye kuwa 19/09/2024 n’iyi nyandiko y’ubwishyu yakozwe kuwa 24/09/2024, bikemuye ikibazo cyari hagati ya Uwamwezi Marie Claire na Uwamahoro Chantal; bityo bikaba binasoje urubanza No RCAA 00020/2022/CA rwari mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire. [19] Ruvuze ko amagarama aherera ku Isanduku ya Leta.