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South Africa Ruling

Consumer Goods and Services Ombud

Defective Wheelchair (201505-0125) [2015] ZACGSO 7 (17 September 2015)

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Professional case brief

Research organized from the available case record

Source document

01

Holding and result

The Ombud found that, due to conflicting factual allegations and the absence of a conclusive expert finding, it was not possible to determine whether the wheelchair was inherently defective or damaged by misuse or accident. Furthermore, the materiality of the defects could not be established on the available evidence, and thus the right to a refund under section 56(2) of the Consumer Protection Act could not be confirmed. The Ombud recommended that the complainant either allow the supplier a final opportunity to repair the wheelchair or refer the matter to the National Consumer Regulator for possible escalation to the Tribunal.

Court disposition

No definitive finding on liability or entitlement to a refund; recommendations for further action provided.

Orders

  • The complainant may allow the supplier one last opportunity to repair the wheelchair, as originally offered.
  • Alternatively, the complainant may refer the complaint to the National Consumer Commission for further investigation and possible Tribunal ruling.

02

Material facts

Parties

Complainant

Applicant

Supplier

Respondent

03

Procedural history

  1. Posture

    Consumer Complaint / Assessment

04

Questions and positions

Legal issues

Party arguments

Applicant
The complainant asserts that the wheelchair broke down three times in four months due to bad design, poor attention to detail, and substandard workmanship, and seeks a refund from the supplier.
Respondent
The supplier contends that the complainant required a wheelchair for outdoor use but opted for a custom-built model not intended for rural excursions. The supplier maintains that any defects arose after the sale due to inappropriate use or accident damage, supported by employee statements.

05

Court’s reasoning

  1. 01

    Consumer Protection Act, section 56(2)

    A consumer is entitled to a refund if goods are found to be materially defective under section 56(2) of the Consumer Protection Act.

  2. 02

    Hyundai Automotive SA (Pty) Ltd v t/a Kia Motors Roodepoort (NCT/4734/2012/60(3)&101(1)) [2014] ZANCT 8

    Where there is a dispute of fact and no firm expert finding, the Ombud cannot make a definitive determination on the cause of the defect.

  3. 03

    Defective Wheelchair (201443261013) [2014] ZACGSO 9

    Materiality of a defect is required to trigger the right to a refund under consumer protection law.

06

Ratio, limits and disposition

Ratio decidendi

The Ombud found that, due to conflicting factual allegations and the absence of a conclusive expert finding, it was not possible to determine whether the wheelchair was inherently defective or damaged by misuse or accident. Furthermore, the materiality of the defects could not be established on the available evidence, and thus the right to a refund under section 56(2) of the Consumer Protection Act could not be confirmed. The Ombud recommended that the complainant either allow the supplier a final opportunity to repair the wheelchair or refer the matter to the National Consumer Regulator for possible escalation to the Tribunal.

Obiter and limits

  • The Ombud noted that facilitating a final repair attempt may resolve the dispute without further escalation.
  • Referral to the National Consumer Commission is available to the complainant under section 71 of the Consumer Protection Act.

Court disposition

No definitive finding on liability or entitlement to a refund; recommendations for further action provided.

  • The complainant may allow the supplier one last opportunity to repair the wheelchair, as originally offered.
  • Alternatively, the complainant may refer the complaint to the National Consumer Commission for further investigation and possible Tribunal ruling.

Source and reliance status

Consumer Goods and Services Ombud

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Judgment text

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Source document

Consumer Goods and Services Ombud

Ruling

[2015] ZACGSO 7

Our ref: 201505-0125

ASSESSMENT:

Summary of complaint

The complainant bought a wheel chair that broke down three times in four months due to “bad design, attention to detail and substandard workmanship”. The manufacturer (Supplier) refused to refund the complainant.

Summary supplier’s response

The supplier indicated that the complainant had required a wheelchair suitable for outdoor use. As his medical aid refused to pay for the 4x4 model recommended by the supplier, he decided instead to order a custom-built Gazelle 250, which is not intended for rural excursions into the bush. The supplier maintains that any defects that there may be came into existence after the sale took place. In particular, it asserts that the shearing of the steel came about by inappropriate use by the consumer or accident damage. The supplier’s response was accompanied by the statements of three of its employees who more or less supported its allegations.

Investigation

Arrangements were made to have the wheelchair examined by an independent expert. His report (attached as Annexure “A”), which pointed to various problems with the wheelchair, was submitted to the supplier for comment. It responded (attached as Annexure “B”), disputing or explaining virtually all of the findings of the report.

Conclusion

Owing to the dispute of fact as to the cause of the damage/ defect by the parties and the lack of a firm finding in this regard by the expert, we are unable on the papers before us to determine where the fault lies; whether the wheelchair was inherently defective or abused/ involved in a collision.

We are in any event not in a position to decide whether the defects in question are sufficiently material in nature to give rise to the right to a refund in terms of section 56(2) of the Consumer Protection Act (our case: (201443261013) [2014] ZACGSO 9 on

http://www.saflii.org/cgi-bin/disp.pl?file=za/cases/ZACGSO/2014/9.html&query=material%20defect and the tribunal case of Hyundai Automotive SA (Pty) Ltd v t/a Kia Motors Roodepoort (NCT/4734/2012/60(3)&101(1)) [2014] ZANCT 8 at http://www.saflii.org/za/cases/ZANCT/2014/8.htmln.

Recommendation

In view of our difficulty in arriving at a definitive finding, we suggest that if the complainant wishes to take the matter further, he approaches the National Consumer Regulator with a view ultimately to getting the matter to the Tribunal for a ruling. As an alternative, it is suggested that he gives the supplier one last opportunity to repair the wheelchair, as it originally offered. We can assist with facilitating the process if this route is chosen.

Kindly advise should you want the supplier to attend to the repairs alternatively you may now take such other steps as you wish or refer the complaint to the National Consumer Commission in accordance with section 71:

71. (1) Any person may file a complaint concerning a matter contemplated in section

69 (1)(c)(ii) or (2)(b) with the Commission in the prescribed manner and form, alleging that a person has acted in a manner inconsistent with this Act.

The Commission may be contacted at:

Tel: 012 940 4500

Email: complaints@thencc.org.za

Yours faithfully

Neville Melville

Ombudsman

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Authorities

Authorities used by the court

Cases, legislation, regulations, and constitutional provisions identified in the available record.

Defective Wheelchair (201443261013) [2014] ZACGSO 9

Case cited

Hyundai Automotive SA (Pty) Ltd v t/a Kia Motors Roodepoort (NCT/4734/2012/60(3)&101(1)) [2014] ZANCT 8

Case cited

Consumer Protection Act, section 56(2)

Legislation

Legislation referenced in the available case record.

Consumer Protection Act, section 71

Legislation

Legislation referenced in the available case record.

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