S v Nzilane (273/2017) [2017] ZAGPPHC 871 (16 October 2017)
- Citation
- [2017] ZAGPPHC 871
- Status
- Judgment
- Jurisdiction
- South Africa
- Court
- North Gauteng High Court, Pretoria
- Panel
- N Janse Van Nieuwenhuizen
- Case number
- 273/2017
More details
- Court
- North Gauteng High Court, Pretoria
- Panel
- N Janse Van Nieuwenhuizen
- Case number
- 273/2017
On this page
Professional case brief
Research organized from the available case record
01
Holding and result
The court found that the accused was incorrectly convicted on both the main charge under the Domestic Violence Act and the alternative charge of assault. The law requires that a conviction should be entered on either the main charge or the alternative, but not both. The conviction on the alternative charge was therefore not in accordance with justice and had to be set aside. The review was necessary to correct the procedural error and ensure that justice was served.
Court disposition
The conviction on the alternative charge of assault is reviewed and set aside.
Orders
- The conviction in respect of the alternative charge of assault is reviewed and set aside.
02
Material facts
Parties
The State
ApplicantTshokolo Joseph Nzilane
Respondent03
Procedural history
Posture
Review Application / Special Review Under Section 304(4) of the Criminal Procedure Act
04
Questions and positions
Legal issues
- 01
Whether the accused could lawfully be convicted on both the main charge under the Domestic Violence Act and the alternative charge of assault.
- 02
Whether the conviction on the alternative charge was in accordance with justice.
Party arguments
- Applicant
- The Acting Senior Magistrate submitted that the accused was incorrectly convicted on both the main and alternative charges, and requested a special review to correct the injustice.
- Respondent
- No formal argument was presented by the accused; the review was initiated by the magistrate to address the procedural error.
05
Court’s reasoning
Legal principles
- 01
Section 304(4) of the Criminal Procedure Act, 51 of 1977
An accused cannot be convicted on both a main charge and its alternative; only one conviction is permissible.
- 02
Domestic Violence Act, 116 of 1998
Conviction on an alternative charge where the main charge is proven is not in accordance with justice.
06
Ratio, limits and disposition
Ratio decidendi
The court found that the accused was incorrectly convicted on both the main charge under the Domestic Violence Act and the alternative charge of assault. The law requires that a conviction should be entered on either the main charge or the alternative, but not both. The conviction on the alternative charge was therefore not in accordance with justice and had to be set aside. The review was necessary to correct the procedural error and ensure that justice was served.
Obiter and limits
- The review process under section 304(4) of the Criminal Procedure Act is designed to remedy injustices arising from procedural errors in lower courts.
Court disposition
The conviction on the alternative charge of assault is reviewed and set aside.
- The conviction in respect of the alternative charge of assault is reviewed and set aside.
Source and reliance status
North Gauteng High Court, Pretoria
This page organises the available record for research. Confirm quotations, current status, and subsequent treatment against the official source before relying on the case.
Judgment reading view
Judgment text
The complete available source text.
North Gauteng High Court, Pretoria
Judgment
IN THE HIGH COURT OF SOUTH AFRICA
GAUTENG DIVISION, PRETORIA
Not reportable
Not of interest to other judges
Revised.
16/10/2017
HIGH COURT REF.NO.
273/2017
MAGISTRATE'S SERIAL NO. 04/2017
REVIEW CASE NO.
A843/2017
In the matter between
THE STATE
and
TSHOKOLO
JOSEPH NZILANE
REVIEW
JUDGMENT
JANSE
VAN NIEUWENHUIZEN J
1. This is a special review in terms of section 304(4) of the Criminal Procedure Act, 51 of 1977.
2. The accused in the court a quo was charged with contravening section 17 of the Domestic Violence Act, 116 of 1998 ("the main charge") and in the alternative with assault ("the alternative charge").
3. The matter went on trial and the accused was convicted on both the main charge and the alternative charge.
4. The conviction is legally unsustainable in that the accused should have been convicted on either the main charge or on the alternative
charge.
5. Upon realising that the accused was incorrectly convicted, the Acting Senior Magistrate, Vereeniging Magistrates' court directed a request for a special review to this court.
6. In terms of the provisions of section 304(4) of the Criminal Procedure Act, 51 of 1977, this court may, should it find that an injustice occurred in the court a quo, review and set aside the conviction or sentence.
7. Having had regard to the facts supra, I am of the view that the conviction on the alternative charge is not in accordance with justice and propose the following order:
Order
"The conviction in respect of the alternative charge of assault is reviewed and set aside."
______
N.
JANSE VAN NIEUWENHUIZEN J
JUDGE
OF THE HIGH COURT OF SOUTH AFRICA
GAUTENG DIVISION, PRETORIA
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