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Tanzania Judgment

TZCA

19890529 TZCA Dar es Salaam2 1

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Source document

01

Holding and result

The appellant's story of provocation was found to be false and unsupported by evidence. The prosecution's eyewitnesses were credible, and the appellant killed his wife with malice aforethought. The conviction and sentence were upheld.

Court disposition

appeal dismissed; conviction and sentence of death affirmed

Orders

  • Appeal dismissed
  • Conviction and sentence of death by the High Court affirmed

02

Material facts

Parties

Bosco Mikungile

Appellant Counsel: Mr. Tukunjoba

The Republic

Respondent Counsel: Mr. Toomba

03

Procedural history

  1. Posture

    Criminal Appeal / Appeal From Conviction and Sentence of Death by the High Court of Tanzania at Iringa

04

Questions and positions

Legal issues

Party arguments

Applicant
The appellant claimed he found his wife committing adultery and killed her in a fit of rage, suggesting provocation and contesting the credibility of prosecution witnesses.
Respondent
The respondent argued there was clear, unprovoked evidence of murder with malice aforethought, and the appellant's adultery story was fabricated and unsupported by evidence.

05

Court’s reasoning

  1. 01

    Tanzanian criminal law

    A conviction for murder requires proof of malice aforethought and that the killing was unlawful.

  2. 02

    case law and judicial assessment

    Defence of provocation must be credible and supported by evidence; shifting stories undermine credibility.

06

Ratio, limits and disposition

Ratio decidendi

The appellant's story of provocation was found to be false and unsupported by evidence. The prosecution's eyewitnesses were credible, and the appellant killed his wife with malice aforethought. The conviction and sentence were upheld.

Obiter and limits

  • The appellant's shifting defence undermined his credibility.
  • Failure to call an alleged witness to adultery did not affect the prosecution's case given the strength of the direct evidence.

Court disposition

appeal dismissed; conviction and sentence of death affirmed

  • Appeal dismissed
  • Conviction and sentence of death by the High Court affirmed

Source and reliance status

TZCA · 29 May 1989

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Judgment text

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Source document

TZCA

Judgment· 29 May 1989

19890529 TZCA Dar es Salaam2 1

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AT NIBZYA ~ (CORAM: ......... - . ~KMl!E 8 ,J!A_,• KI3AXGA 2 _J_!\4!._,·AfiD M::.i'.1jI~) i I. CRilVIINAL APP-SAL NO. 9l OF. ~8 l. BOSCO lVIKU:NGI LE ' '.'. · • • ~ • • • • • • • 0 • 0 • ••••••••• ♦♦-•·t·t t t ••. 4....... •. AP?ELL.A i'-f'l' .,.· . I, j THE REPUBLIC • • • • 0 • • • • • • • • • • • • • • .; • • • • • • • • • 0 • • • 0 • • • • ,. . • R];SI'()I't:'J,t;l\ T · (Appeal fr-)r.1 the, conviction of the Hi[;-l~ Court of Tanzania at Iringa)(M.r~~~, J4) dated 7th day of June, J.98~ / in JUDG-EIJfSl'-JT OF :i1Im CJURT J,VIAKAME , J • A. : As it is s2.id 1 Hope sprin_-;s ct.)rniJ.l. in the hunan brc3.st: ,' The appellant 1 BOSCO IE[(':JI:-:GILE ~ w::.s c-:mdcmnod to d.02.th for. i:;i11.n1,=,..-· on perfectly se.tisfoctJry 0vidc.'.1cc -'.?.nd his appeal agaL'lst th,1 decision. of the Hi[:,h Court (~.'..:roso, J.) is in·our v.i.81:, p_:'.'lsn,lu.tfll.Y without merit. his wife beaause ·hG was ap:pnrently in the habit ,Jf assaulting her. When she cot fed up sllc ·,:ont to the vill3 6 e .3ut~10ri ties to co_mplain and when 0fforts to effect a rcconO'iliation failed she got a certificate fro□ tl1c RGconciliation Board ta enable ....... , ~'--- her to seek divorce bef)re a c)urt of law.. The sa:-":.e cl~.,.y she 1 ··. '·· '. , got the certific2.te she r:ot kill..~d ;;y the appellant by being ' struck with a :1oe while at the l'.1uusc of her father~in-law 7 . MAMBO LS O I11ICE,TGI

LE P • 11. 4 O PW-~Ll ~as well as PWo3, GIDUL.A11LLA1'1.Aiil M'.7AGANA, who w2s botl1 the appellant's st.ep-nothGr and Roher::i.a 1 s maternal aunt, tsstif'ie.d. __ • ./2 2 whe-~ the appellant caue n.omci he found Rehema tJ:'lere: He renarked that so Rehema had refused to continue living with him and, without further ado, he stru.ck her vvi th the sharp cdt:;e of a hoe he was carrying~ Rchema died 011 tho spot fl · Aft or that the appellant went to another house vvhere ho assnul ted PW. 5 tTARIA NVI!,A 1 Rehema ts. raother, again with a hoe, after 3_._1:i.101111cinc~ to her t 9i'11ai:-1a leo ni le1' rf ~ In court at his trial tho a~':JJ)Gllant told a tail story about his finding the d0 ceased Rehm::m havinc sexual int0rc.Jurso ;;1i th a cousin of hers, one KASSHJI CHAL.AMILA, a ;·_::ore thirty pa,cos fron the house of . . Rehema' s father-in-law and as 08.rlir as at 7 JI" p .,m, Kassi □ ran away fo and the appellant assaulted tho c1ocoasod with a hoo when ho asked her 'about her vilo act and sho ansvvcrcd hir::1 rudely, just aft or she had roached tho door of the appoll2._nt I s f2thor' s house, . In tho appeal before us tho 2.ppollant's c0unsel, Mr. Tukunjoba, tried to pursue tho same lino of dofcnco, but vvi thout any success. Learned Counsel coL11:ilainod th:Jt Chelamila should havo boon called at tho trial but that did not at e.11 iapross us. As Mr. TooiJ.ba,

learned Principnl Sta to Attorney 9 subi:1i ttod boforo us, tho re v1oro oyo-wi tnosses to the unprovoked fatGl ass2ul t, c:;s w,:;11 as a bac~groimd of a sour relationship which provided 8 :..:::.oti vo for. tho unlawful killing. :T}).o story about Chalanil[: w2.s nocossarily a f2lso ono, as a l ~ o 17hx-oc ___gentlomon c.sse:soJrs and t110 laarnod tri2.l judr::o specifically found~ 1 On the: ovidcnco, tho np:;;icllant did not toll onJ,ono about tho docoasod•s adultory vvi th Chnl2:;,:il2, or indood with 2.nyo110. J)lring \11~ trial' the Defonce :put questions to soDe Prosecution . ,. rlitncssos sugg.osting that Rchona had COLE.ii ttod ndultcry with 0110 rnAULIDI KrVENE. The aµ.swors thus olici tod shovvec"'.. t~1c:.t ~ could not have h2ppcn9d \ becc.u~e it would l1avc boon tE!b.Jo in view of the rolntionship I \ existing I between Kiwcnc 2nd Rcho:.x,.o It is Jnly when tho nppollant I • I roal1zod I this tho.t ho sl1iftod c;rou:ncl and picked on Ko.ssiD as tho i \\ ' ••.• /3 ! / i \ \ .,."· - 3 adulterer, and this~ for tho first time when the appellant was himself testifying in court, ·naturally after the ·Prosecution .h.sd closed their case~ We are very rr:(ich satisfied that tho appellant killed his wife with malice afor9thow~ht and that ho was quite rightly con vi ,ted; We accord.j..ngly disniss tho appe2l,, D'ATED. at MBEY.t1 this 29th cl2y of May, 19.89:,_: i 1' ~i. ,,.,_, -✓ ,, I r' .· ,/ ., L. M~ MAICi~r/IE -. JUST I CE OF LPPEi~L '· R.H. KISLFGli JUSTICE OF f...PPE1\L L. M., rtiFl~LILA ~ .ll Ge JUST I CTi' i ~J OV ,_ ~ P., p,;, ,'-4, ·1 1•·. ·r .W.i" ;/~.,,/- ~'-._ /, ◄ -< "\ . I certify that this is n true :·:copy ~Qr. tho· o.ri·ginal ,f. ·, ~I (J. H. MSOFFE;) SEi'ff OR D~PUTY 11BGISTR1'.R ,._~ \ '< .., ""· I "~-

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