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Tanzania Judgment

TZHC

19770629 TZHC Mwanza

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Professional case brief

Research organized from the available case record

Source document

01

Holding and result

The court found the prosecution witnesses credible and the evidence sufficient to prove that the appellant corruptly received 40 shillings to dishonestly cancel a water bill, thus upholding the conviction and sentence.

Court disposition

appeal dismissed

Orders

  • conviction and sentence affirmed

02

Material facts

Parties

Joseph Marcel

Appellant

The Republic

Respondent

Amounts and remedies

  • Sentence of Imprisonment: years 3
  • Amount of Bribe: shillings 40

03

Procedural history

  1. Posture

    Criminal Appeal / Judgment on Appeal

04

Questions and positions

Legal issues

Party arguments

Applicant
The appellant denied the allegations and challenged the credibility of the prosecution's evidence, raising factual issues regarding the events and the handling of the water bill records.
Respondent
The respondent relied on the testimony of prosecution witnesses, the recovery of marked money from the appellant, and documentary evidence to prove the offence beyond reasonable doubt.

05

Court’s reasoning

  1. 01

    Prevention of Corruption Act No. 16 of 1971

    A conviction for corruption requires proof beyond reasonable doubt that the accused corruptly received gratification as an inducement or reward for performing or abstaining from performing an official act.

06

Ratio, limits and disposition

Ratio decidendi

The court found the prosecution witnesses credible and the evidence sufficient to prove that the appellant corruptly received 40 shillings to dishonestly cancel a water bill, thus upholding the conviction and sentence.

Court disposition

appeal dismissed

  • conviction and sentence affirmed

Source and reliance status

TZHC · 29 June 1977

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Judgment reading view

Judgment text

The complete available source text.

Source document

TZHC

Judgment· 29 June 1977

19770629 TZHC Mwanza

:ILC:.1-~ CC.'lJRT CiUMIN,".L id?i?i:::ii.J.., NO. 62 t)F 1977 (Originc:l Criminol C.::ise Nu. 262 of 1976 of the District Cour:t :·,f Vi1.~s0ma distric;t ut Musomo - 3efc,re S Li.1Zetr,J, 0 Esqo 1 Dis_trict I1ngi:,trati2)., JQSE,?H jl'i;,i~C:f:;L • o •·• o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o a O o o o • APPELLANT vs. THE REPUT:3LIC GOOOdOOOOOOQOOOOOOOOCIOOOCIOeOooooooooo RESPONDENT .. . Corrupt tr,~riso:-.c.tion_c/s.3 <:).) ()f the Prev,mtiqn •.)f,coirupti,m Act Ne• .. 16 of 197L ..JUDGEMENT: KATI TI, J :- JCSEPH L-,RCEL was c,:mvictcr.1 of the offence ,)f corrw)tion c/ s a\'< 1) -.:,f- t.he· Pre-irentinn tlf C\)r-ruption Act No.·· 16 of 1971 i.1Pd sentenced to 3 year:,s j_;·.1i_,;ris1)I,1,~e~t. He is D'..)W ~ppeal:i.nL1 a0aiii.st cunvict.i{:\1 • : 0 and s ~n·l~<..:~~l~. ~ . T. -hav~ 0 )n_e·;, i:;.hroµ,;_-Jh th~ appella~t' s mem-::>r-,:mdDm_ of D.py.::o.l, r:i-J1 the' view th::d: I h.:::ve i_s 1 that_,· n(1 sustainable . ·> points :2.L'e r~·ice::d, ap0rt fr··. •m tuuchirn/ factual areas, th0:t do· nr)t seem to.hnve ~scpped.the attanti0n 0f th~ trial court. The. uvij.;mce );:ielieved, i_s tho.t PW.l Nyahuru Mahamb2., l1r.:t¢! fa~len :in-. o.:,~r,=6rs, in_ the rt1:2c,tin<]. of_ hi.s water ~J4"lls, for the:" month qf Hc,v::.im)x:!r 1 1.97.5_. .· 'i'his ~,,;;-~s accump~hied ;--,y December wnter biil bringi~~.t~e ~np~id ~~uunt t0' sh~. J07/= - shs.

32/=.·foi November, .:-·:·i(1 shs; 75/~ for Dec21,1ber. These.water bills,w~rc~ coming in the. Blc!J'IlL! :::;f F •. Mo }>,::ito_yu the 1,reviQus occupant of th~ houseo. , ' . ~ . . . . PW.1. W(j:~:t' 't,1_ th~.·-- ',v_:ct(i'.1:' ~·lev·e·lopmer:t o·ffice wh·ere, among the people he 't::ilced fo was the ui~';)Cllant. }{G co'mpinined to him that water bill f~-r the m,:;nth ,;f D,~~,~r.,bi~r was t,)o big_, and it is· what happcme<.1 h...;r,_,;:iftcr, tnc~t mu.c~e i t 'p,::issible, for t.his court to he6r this appeal. PW.l Crcc.1ibly t:)ld the cuurt, that the r)[Jpellant <]Ot out of the office, und cnlled him (PW l) out by use of gesture and according 0 to i?\:J.l th,J o.::· .·ellr:mt told_ him us follows:- u;-;.ccus·c:1 t~,ldt:ne, thnt if I consider the bill to be too bis, h.::; w,.'7uid-· c2ncell it. I asked the accused, how he Cccn c.lc it. Accused b.)lc1 me 9 that he has his ways of CO.i.'lC~lJ.ins the bill, if I c,.1uld. give hiin .f::,rty .shillings.. f0r t:·. ~ :_.,ayment of the work of cancelling the water bill. 'rh_ s<:,.,tec1 to pay 40/= to the uccused. It was saturday 2.,1.c': I ;_::r::,mised to 0iv2 uccused shs. 40/= on the following m,.J n J. il.Y o " Fr,Jm hl:!re, PlJ. l reported th.::, matter to the Police, who arranged to trup the ,.,)pellant. This wo.s executed on u Friday, when PWol armed with forty shillings - Nos. AW 651926 - shso 10/=, BX 404877 shs. 10/-

:'.l·1,J CS 449827 went t.) the a1nell,mts office, having left the pulice d(~tecti ves e:utside. According to PWo 1 the i.1ppellant was still .::iliw::, to their i_)revious tnlk and what went on th<~rein can only be o. 1)::;r,~ciotcd in the rGlevunt r)erspecti ve, if we huve it fr-:>m l?i!J l's own moutho 0 He s2.id and I quote:- 11 1 f:.,urnl th,., nccused in th,.::. ·>ffice. i•,ccused asked me, w!:-.;th·-,,:, I went t-:, him f::;r th..: s,1ke ')f the~ previ ::us t:1lk. • 2 I t.,h7 him yes o i,ccused •>:·t out of his cfficeo I t, ·,ok the, CCJ)Y uf th,., water bill for the mc;nth of D,;C(,mb,~r, 1975 0.:1,:l I (}·JV,:: it to th,.:: c,ccusedo • ;,ccused went l:;c:ck: t,.) his c):'::c:'>..r:::e, he, t•)ld ilk tu wait f,.-r u short timeo Wh,::n c:tccu•·,.:c 7 vi:,nt :.tc; his ,,:ff.ice, I peeped t:i his )fficc rmcl I s Z:.hT c~ccus (~d ;·)_pl~ni n~J Lt ~~\;ok ,::lnd he was writing s;..:>rr,c.!thing in th•.: :Jc,,,ko Later accus2cl got out of the office 2nd ti:.i~e the w::iter bill I. (,ClV:2 hirno I ,7.Skcd; the accuse:d, why lk t,;re the bill, ":.ccusecl told me, tl·h"re was nc, nuj:_ ::,:- ho.ve th,c copy of ·c.h,_ water hill, because the wnter Lill was alre2Jy cancclledo hCCUsed askc::!d me t,j giv~ him 40/= which·I hod prcimiied himo I took f·.,ur-ty shillings fLirn my :)nck<=t and I 'Jc.Ve i t tn the i".Ccnc::,:,.•a Accused rec,:,iv;2c: the m;:;ney c1nd ()Ut i t in his shirt

;,uck:,,t .. " It is 2;fb:r t;·iiS th0t the p·:>lice c7,me ino We have i t fr,;rn PW,.2 Detective S,;;t~ Jos·e;Jh Magori 7 a·n,l PltJ 4 No .. B 5624 D/C En,·,s tlic::t 0 the forty shillinc:s. were rec<::Nert.:!d from' th2 a;,pellant on arr.:.csto The s-::im2 ;1,.::es I numbers corr,~s; ,,:,nd ed with these, that had :Jeen recorrled 2,1~ were in fact c• m~)ure;<.l :i,n t,he presc,nce of PWo3 D:iudi Omolo Mb1,,c:it:.:'.o Inv,,,;·::i•::fc,ti:.~ns after this revealed, th:1t th,~ water bill r ,gister showed th::,·c K~;_toyo "s water 1)ill hc1d been paid on 12/12/1975 vid.e Rec2:L~-t fL>.o 011735,,- BUt this receipt was in fact unhidL'l<J:- about. th,.:: fc1ct t),at i t w,is issu;.::c1 upon r;ne Mashauri Mtani mc,,_,ting his water :::,ill l·Jijo 196 F' f•)r shso 35/20 on 3/12/75 7 In fnct Pv'lol's bill w2,s 1:1 ti12 :x;:,ks··. ' 'tre·i,_,ted . . c1s i::aido ~ The• cc 1 nV<.: wus· lx~li2v,x~ ,·\s credible evirlence and h.::nc,: th"' convictj_,n .-~~1,' S(::ntence th::t th-..;: un;;ell2nt stru,gles to have up- set0 Of c>\idc in his d,:;fcnc•.c, the· appellant denied •-~n this a - I cannot sc,y -j-1~.. t the trial·c,mrt rec1ched wron9 conclusionso :I cannot irn;-i,_fin,:.c h,iw ~)Wol, :ew.2, PWa4 and PW.5 could have dreu:m,:I:· about all this,· tinL.;ss they actually took placeo· Still m Jr(:? impossihl<.:: would b.e the f,,ct ·i::hc:.t i'W, 1 would ~vtcn be a'!:,le to 'temper with the books in th.~ rossession of the 20Jellant 'and know hJw to~t~mper with records the way i t w2s t~stifie~o I am satisfied as wns the District Covrt, th2t the a,p~ll2nt did corruptly rcc~ived 40/= to dishon~stlJ caqccll th2 ~at~r hill .. "Th~ case was prov~d beyond reasonc11)L, c1.-:.:·0.Dto The a,;:::iea:t is dismissed~ Deliv,~r:x1 this 29th dcry of June, 1977a

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Authorities

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Prevention of Corruption Act No. 16 of 1971

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