NA TZHC Dar es Salaam6

. ,J cmL CASE NO. 1C1/93 IDDRICK H. NGOWI ••• o • • • • • o . . . . Versus TANZANIA :OORTLAND CEMENT PEI1Ell DANIEL LUSESA • • • • • • ·-· 0 • .,

JUDGMENT llIEMA. J: Tli& lll,tul,tif':f' Rodrick Henney Ngowi hns instituted o. auit o.gl'inst ~ ~ i t l Porl~nd Cecent Compr:'.n~· Ltd one: Peter Doniel LuseBtl, '1st 411d 2nd de!endrults respectively, jcbtly o.nd sevoro.lly cbir.:iug donrogee for m1:Uc~Ql,l9 J)X'osecution :md f:::.lse :irt-Jrisonuiont .. The· pbinti«"f -el:iims ~f"150,000/= OS specinl drunoges ::-.nd T.Shs~ 20,000,000/= os - ~ ~omngea, interests, costs o.nd ony other relief ceemed Op!)l'e~iate to be gTMted. 'lhe pfo.intiff nt the tl"iol 6 0.ve sole testi::ior.y ir:i support of h~ suit, whil0 the second defendc1-:it nnd one Hr. Gerv:-.s Mboni~ ~~t.i.£.ied for t:1t defence. Eot:: :p~tics 1-rere re.,..re~c~tec by counsel; Mr• F. S. Mbuyn r:dvoco.ted for t!1e pl.J..:.~~tiff .:::r:id Dr. lfi:'.::~'l:..nd.:: 3ppeQred _for ~be defendo.r:ts. The plointiff .:m elE;-,t!-ic::u e:-:;;i1,e€:r ucs t;. fornie·• et:;Jl~ of the fi;-st d9£end.m.t hc=.cl~~ the Elec-,_-:2'.'i :ol : e··-.rtme~. t ti1ereto. In tho.t capo.city tho pl::i:r!:L:::' 1::·::::: :-eep:-::---s:.. _l. 1 ::: ·-:nr; ctr'7~. for oecol'M1e!2:l:Mrc tenders for vc::riot:e .c::i.'t\o :;md · 01 :< -·:·:..:::.~. :--"?J: Le.:::-.:; t-.:> t:he first 1 defendont. One cf ':!"e cc:~.::iie:s - . ,-r=-~-' · ·- ·ivE::r. ter.c.,ero v.r::s Kiltils Jntestote-C<;>opo:::,y Ltd, o fc::-.ily cc.,---:-:-.:--:· ·"-uhi:._: thG rlr:.ntiff'"'\'l!!tS:n Directoro It is iri evidence

tb-:,t somctir'i..:. :i.n 199'3 Kilub Intestote Comp~ny Ltd supplied lerge quo.r:tities c: teler.:,0ne cnble_s c ~ o. strunp m::trk of the T::m~on:.o Fasts nr;d ·:;:;J 3cor;:::-u:::icntions. 'Illese telephone cables were l:ter ect~blished tc h~ve been stolen from the Tonzo.nia Posts nnd Telecor.r:u:~ic::ti.:ns e;o·-}own / yord, on· incident· which led to the ::irrest ·011::l ·1,rosecu. .::.on of the Plaintiff.., 0 It came .t() poss thot the pl::.intiff wD:S ::.cquitt.ed d the. tGrnin..,tion of the triol. ':'he pl~::.ntiff opte..:: ·to h=vo hiG r.crvices Hi th the 1st defendont -:::erminnted when ·he l0m"T.t Ah~t di.suplin::-.ry Jlroc~edings - og~nst him wer& 1mderway4 It is on record tho.t ploi.nti!f's all tei-minnl benefits were rul.~ .settied. ·At the tl'ial. tlie foild~i~~ :four iesues wre t.r-nrned tllld a~ed 1;0. n~;· . ~Q~ twi w110~.,~~ioll: -~~~~t-~tf ~- of:h..:i til~intiff4e ........... :fti~; ldb.o¼h~ tho prc,ooeu'tio:i. t,l!IS withou.; ~oi,abl,e i,i . .r . . ... ptobcbl,.~ CelWH~ and mo.lice t - • -·-- ... ':t, ;r .Beliefs.- ..... n-om the evidence on r-,~ord it is ;-;~tin d ~ • 9 ~t ~ . ~ t,£ -tJhe :t,li::dti,tif:f tGri:.;in,,!€-<l iD his o.cquitto.l4 aa 8llO ....: ~ ~nd issue ctl::i s~fely be pint tt. reet l:ere o.nd no'l/i; .With ragclI'd to thE- first, issu~ i* is o.llaged b:Y the ph~tUf ~.:: •· • • •• 0 _,l'z1 para .5 of the pl~t thet follci;Jir~ th-a arrest cm~

dotaet~ tb,e ...:: .:.·.:~·:~·.::;./.".~tiff :wns chDi'ged with the. o:-:£enc~ cf tfte!lling c/s _,., :- 258 Ue' . .. . ""·~ .' . - - - ~-Of th..: Fencl Cc-1E- in :l;2 .:::.st:d.c~ C.:-,-.rrt __ of Ilnl::i. :..t ~ £n : .. -~-. ....--.cri.min~ C!IDe NQ. 42";i/91 » Th~ plcd.nti:::: :1ru:.~~~sled out the ~ .·- ... -~-- -f ru ~ . . · t · -· · ·, ·~" end secon C d ~ f en ...,., a.J +-- .. .:., -- .a..,•. - ;·---- c.... ..a..- ...o . ,._"' -- 1- ..! ""'" -· -., . t-- ()$~ct.£ ion~ llcn, Hilf!. 1 tha .. teetioony on :::·l.?cord bc, 1;h at be -::::::::.:..::i!nl one~ civil. trh\ doea ~-t support t;1e ·cl-,'..l.ir.1. -~ e~ITac~~~'· si.~:::::::.~t;:,-3 'by. !:'r~- ~-:.::i-;un·da .'1\1 / _.gjs<:retion Slld r:;;...~~_bility for : ...e -.lr'"'·;:e~ of tl:c rl~inttrt ,I~ / : entirel..Y with t~t:- I-cl.ice r-:-:,~h r-::C€: p-:. o~:· :i, cc:t:_)ltiin-t :f::-om the ·-•. -·· ~zania Posts .::1;J T.,,:'..aco~ic:.:ticns ~--:--("·-., :ion. It i"' the ~ O . . . t . )iio ~yi,1chlly e;:xec:.::ti;.,d -:.: ·., c.r-~.:~-: oi .~,c ;-b ntiff cfter th& cleienda."1tl! ~ in:.:o!'"'1;ti.:ir. of LE: pr·(;·-,t'-1',c;; at their ; r e ~ of -~one c~bJ.e$ with 'l'P C: 'ro 1':,,.rks, e..-en:n~il~· contirrr.-ed to h~•"'8-_bea · ,.tQ].atl :fror.i its y::rd o.n ti stir,P~ied by the r:,l.'.'..i '1tiff' s cor.:pony• K.iJ.w.::i Intestote: Compru1y t. body cc::-ro~t~. Inv~t~tiqns een-iad out_.iJ:rto the ~ctiviti~s of Kiltll~

:>i~-ist::te Ccrr-~r.y iorgel;: i,y the ....... -· .,_.._ . .. ana defe!ldo.nt, evice!!ce ,re-veol~ ·. t.:-:.0 pl.cir.tiff's ·. . . ,ii,votve!l1ent I .•.. -as e COmpllllY direct.or. ,\t e:nt r.-te tte 1,hi1:-ti:f '1.~s ~ot ~dd',lce~ Qlly. cogent evidence to show th,t t~e c:!cfo~d~~, pros.erute.~ the . _plaj,nti.;ff ... Cn the contr~y there i:3 ~rr:;le te·Jtbcny th:-t 'the : ·- , I •..••t,. --: ~.· •t • .-:~ -~ ........ -· ..., ....... . ... .. ,.. •y, ...,••,· • '·,. defend::mts toge",;hor ,.,;ith offici:::ls. o: Le T::-:::12,,::mi::: Pos-ts & Teieeo- nummic~tio::s Cc,rpor~-:ion -~c.:::tif.ic.<l in ~h·:.:· crir::in~l trfol. In the event isnue ·numbe:r o~~L-· i.s o.r.ewcr0c: in f;hc nGgdive •. On the tl:ir.:: i~~,;.c 1::,,-.:.:. lct::r;:;•:c.: cc,un :::. ~- },- ·,re corectly r~t~'ted i the four cor:b1nr. :l clG~:j~~-;£ t~ es7.:~:;J_::...st ·tl'1 ·; :c~~ cf r~~:--licienS (b) The rr-ozccut:i.011 t-.:iri.:in - :·ed in the :;:.l:.intiff' s f.:,vour, onc1 ":1•; .. !t nee:ds no e1np~:oci3 th::.t (o.) c~1c (t) hriv& bc:~:J ct:~lt with. 'Ihe .,r:.9m:tining po;i.ntc :::or dctc:-:-:;i:rtion ::.::..·c (c) :,:-;~, (cJ). Ero Mbuyt,. l °'"'"'"".ed cou"'"'"'l J.•.,., ,,,-p-o·r._ o·r- .L'-,o \oP~.&..; J...U.:.;;l~ 1,1..... -- -""' £.:1·1·r·t1·1•fi,,, ··~J., :.;:,, c-·--o 1., ... o .J. ~-;,,~.;,.c"S :J.1J ...., the .,._.lt•.•. .:from·its: circ.;c-i:·~:.:--:3, tl:c,'" i.::;.:r.o

·c(:'::.:.,cr.·::,::- .er.:-; ,;00,:1 :'t:::.zc:.- v.>y'.the -'-.fe::Jci,"""t::;;· ~id 'no+ ,,cr,,-1 -," ,1 - r•- .: ~-:-· + _,, ,, ,-~ .,,..L ·•c--0 :.1,11;1 ~J.. .. " . _, '-' ... •-•.tJ-i..t--...i.... •.~--, "·,.,,' ·-..., : .,_, -·__,-;'----· -' ..., __,. ..- , .... '-· ....,,.lj ., . . . . . . . _.. - ~- •. It ,,, ·•· -···y Were not :,i::t:!. v'.J.t,c:c1 1::y ill 1.1L1.. :' ·er E:~::i.t~ ("" -· ::1pror'°-'r ;::.:., T··:.·,e ~g:dnst the :rl.'.lintiff. For ::::.r~ c;ei'c·n '.::-.rb ge::.·c:.::::,•.:;1~ belie::vc.::l .:.:~ "·:ie circu,. 0 lllatnr.cejs thr.it in c:c~.i·,•,;;rfr-::; r~- 'le.:: 1 e:..:::.,::>" to 'I!=' Kilub f lntestnte Co. ·Lt:.'! l:::c: - st ::cJ u:,1.i:;~.. :..2. :,:-norr.,.. '..!·;c to coriitr-~. o.n culr•rits ··.':: h 3 w,. 0 lloc': supi::lied '',\ .' . foe c.::.blen .to th..:i~· r.::·ernisc::: ... Thi'· ·61::•fenc~c.r:ts h-(1 ~~. l~scl c1uty to {,~ct .:mcl' r,epor·::- tl~,~ 1ncic1e:·:t. ~.,.•l-• , ••••· . •' - .•~.t:,:,. ._; • •o• ./4 ·,,-. .... - 'l- . .. : ; . ;.... , ...... ., .... - 4 V Smith (1938) AC 305 per the House of Loras; Edward Celestine & others Vs Deog~tios Paulo (1982) TLl:l 247, Bhoke Chuch~ V Doniel Misenj"(l ( 1983) TLR 329, Ali Mohomed Osm:1n V D.c .Hill 2 TLll 183 ot . 189, Gow.er, ICB 1 Modern Compony L:lw, 4th F,dition ('1979) Ctt p~ges ~ .;.. 213 1 Holsbury-1 s Laws of :England (1988) Vol. 7 ;-;ge 7'30 pnras 1000 • 5,Campbell Vs

Paddjng Oorporotio~ (1911) TI:3 369 and H.L. Bo1t0%1 !Ene;iw,laring) Co. V. T.J .Grahnn & Sens Ltd (1957) IQB 159, (19.55) 3 ALIER 624. ~.e legol principles enunciated rclde to 'IIUUlt c.onsitut98 ret1aoliable a3:10 pPob::ible CC-USO~ ie info=-:::·,tion llnd .ho=est ~lief founded upon reasonable .srounds, a :r:rimn focie oose and cor:pora1:e cri.-nin!ll liol-.ility 1,,;hc:reby the l.:iw puts :-; strict 11mjiw.tion to the• type of pe:;:-sc,;w ,,~c rep'.'esE;:1t the st,te of minC, . of th.a ~ Y : • 'Iha directer on(} ·,r,.~,,_..,g,ire do rE,:.:r'2lsent -t~e direeti.ng mind o.nd will of the ccmr,.:n:y :me th.::.-t foe stotc of dn.-:1 cf di.i-~tore QJld ~.:igers is the state of L',ir,J of the coE:pnny. It is not in dispute. tht:,.t the pl'."'.ir.tiff w~s :-::n:' i.::: n rureot~ of Kilul~ Int~et~.te, the cc:::j:'.:.:;;:· OS t~t:::i.r:h~d -;,: h:-..e sv.::rlied the •.~.~:-.drqp·wireG to thi? first c1efe::c:::ct. J1S. cuch th~ rlc ir;t{ft in .fo.w ..is to be vic:.ir~-0mly. i:nputc<.l on K:.lul:: • btcobte Cor:,p::.J:Jy~$ • ' • • ., t·!·J, ' ·1 I• -.state. ... , .~, .... of ••rninc.1 nnd ' t}Jcr0 .• '). . is no•. (Cl:bt tLc pl.:d::: ' ' ti:f 1•!r.:2. in6trumentol 'i . -:-,i· .. forI creotinr; the hm::_r:.ec:::, - =cl~·.ticchir b-::t·. -es::! ·t:.,E: fir~t defendant • . : , . : .. : .'"" ,:~.~• ~ ~ QDd Kilul.:i ,I:.1-t-t:~$t-:it12 Co. Ltd not-..-it::.:::-:.::.:·.:i::~_:": the

.:.r;~:--r.,.:1t. connict .:~ •• •"-' •' t 'l.'""r . .,/? , _ .;,., ... .,,..,...,..4- ,.,r·t••· Of ~:""',J.'-.:.c . . . ,- l•·'- .,.;. ,-.~~'-'•-' ,_,.._..:J-~c~.~ -~'--' •~•VC-u- •• ,::, .,,.. .r,, U"'' der---r-'---.,,,.,t ,_, '.• (:;_,, .~ ""''='•• ~-1 -'-• ,..._.~.1.-st th__"".~.I." ~,- . · I hole the:'c-::::re o~i t~c h:isis o:· the 1>:··.ct:;oin:-: th:•t .there wns .,indeed'.r€::l.Ssn,::~1le ::md i:i~c.:.:ic:;le- c:1u1e: for :>,e _-)loi::tiff' s i:,roseeut1cm 'ADd:ric injury- to the pl.::i::tif:::_1:1 :::ir:. r/:..:..rc.c-' ~r tv ..Dt:-::-cct O.W~Q of .i.:i r·.i..d1"':':i.,:n :any -ck.:~:.:ig~s ,.i.J.: :::c~Gt'.lr:'f: fo:r-:"'.s; tl::: };:l:dn:iff lt.::id all his te:::-dn,l lberiBfits p::dc1 out uron :1is_ re~uest :o h'.'ivc .11-::; ··erq:lo:t-mi:::nt tcrmin1:1ted-... 'He ·.hes -~rro:thiug to cfairJ from tl-.2 first ·cJcfe!:•:.::mt P,enernlly '.l.11cl;,ot~u1:--: ·otherwise~ -. . .• .. - .,."., ~ .... •;•,--:. J. t .. ··-- ·· Tu \he fin~i c.n~,lysfo the pl:dr:tif: 1 ;::; suit fails one :i.::::; __ ·. ·. ~- ---\,,~...:.i:. ·-~·· \ J3 • =-~ • 1-T. • Jr_e;.: ~ '',,