Vehicle Code — Part 10 | VEH — United States — California law | Esheria

Vehicle Code

Part 10 of 19 · provisions 1,801–2,000

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The definitions in this code apply when construing the code unless the provision or context requires otherwise. “Ability to respond in damages” means financial responsibility. Police officers must report stolen-vehicle and lost-or-stolen plate information to the Department of Justice system, and the reporting agency must notify the reporting party when a vehicle is recovered. A person must not make or file a false or fraudulent vehicle-theft report with any law enforcement agency, if done with intent to deceive. A vehicle’s owner or legal owner may report theft or embezzlement to the California Highway Patrol, and must report recovery after making that notice.

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Provisions of Vehicle Code

Showing 200 of 3,721

  1. 2512.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 2. ADMINISTRATION [1500 - 3093] ( Division 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2.5. Licenses Issued by California Highway Patrol [2500 - 2574] ( Chapter 2.5 added by Stats. 1968, Ch. 1309. ) ## ARTICLE 2. Privately Owned and Operated Ambulances and Armored Cars [2510 - 2512] ( Article 2 added by Stats. 1968, Ch. 1309. )

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    This section requires state agencies to adopt and administer ambulance-related regulations, allows a limited county-based exemption for noncommercial ambulances, sets certificate fees, and requires a CHP handbook.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 2. ADMINISTRATION [1500 - 3093] ( Division 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2.5. Licenses Issued by California Highway Patrol [2500 - 2574] ( Chapter 2.5 added by Stats. 1968, Ch. 1309. ) ## ARTICLE 2. Privately Owned and Operated Ambulances and Armored Cars [2510 - 2512] ( Article 2 added by Stats. 1968, Ch. 1309. ) ## 2512. (a) The commissioner, after consultation with, and pursuant to the recommendations of, the Emergency Medical Service Authority and the department, shall adopt and enforce reasonable regulations as the commissioner determines are necessary for the public health and safety regarding the operation, equipment, and certification of drivers of all ambulances used for emergency services. The regulations shall not conflict with standards established by the Emergency Medical Service Authority pursuant to Section 1797.170 of the Health and Safety Code. The commissioner shall exempt, upon request of the county board of supervisors that an exemption is necessary for public health and safety, noncommercial ambulances operated within the county from the regulations adopted under this section as are specified in the board of supervisors’ request. The Emergency Medical Service Authority shall be notified by the county boards of supervisors of any exemptions. (b) The department, in cooperation with the Department of the California Highway Patrol and the Emergency Medical Service Authority, may adopt and administer regulations relating to the issuance, suspension, or revocation of ambulance driver’s certificates. In addition to the fee authorized in Section 2427, the department shall charge a fee of twenty-five dollars ($25) for the issuance of an original certificate and twelve dollars ($12) for the renewal of that certificate, and, in the administration thereof, to exercise the powers granted to the commissioner by this section. (c) This section shall not preclude the adoption of more restrictive regulations by local authorities, except that inspection of ambulances pursuant to subdivision (b) of Section 2510 shall not be duplicated by local authorities. It is the intent of the Legislature that regulations adopted by the commissioner pursuant to this section shall be the minimum necessary to protect public health and safety, and shall not be so restrictive as to preclude compliance by ambulances operated in sparsely populated areas. This subdivision does not relieve the owner or driver of any ambulance from compliance with Section 21055. (d) The Department of the California Highway Patrol after consultation with the department and the Emergency Medical Service Authority shall prepare, and make available for purchase, an ambulance driver’s handbook. (Amended by Stats. 1996, Ch. 440, Sec. 5. Effective January 1, 1997.)
  2. 2525.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 2. ADMINISTRATION [1500 - 3093] ( Division 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2.5. Licenses Issued by California Highway Patrol [2500 - 2574] ( Chapter 2.5 added by Stats. 1968, Ch. 1309. ) ## ARTICLE 3.5. Inspection and Maintenance Stations [2525 - 2525.12] ( Heading of Article 3.5 amended by Stats. 1975, Ch. 502. )

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    This section defines “fleet owner” and “inspection and maintenance station” for this article.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 2. ADMINISTRATION [1500 - 3093] ( Division 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2.5. Licenses Issued by California Highway Patrol [2500 - 2574] ( Chapter 2.5 added by Stats. 1968, Ch. 1309. ) ## ARTICLE 3.5. Inspection and Maintenance Stations [2525 - 2525.12] ( Heading of Article 3.5 amended by Stats. 1975, Ch. 502. ) ## 2525. For purposes of this article: (a) “Fleet owner” means an owner of a fleet of three or more vehicles that are any one or more of the types specified in Section 34500 who is engaged in the transportation of persons or property and whose vehicles are registered in California. (b) “Inspection and maintenance station” means a facility operated by a fleet owner to inspect and maintain his own vehicles and licensed by the commissioner pursuant to this chapter. (Amended by Stats. 1975, Ch. 502.)
  3. 2525.10.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 2. ADMINISTRATION [1500 - 3093] ( Division 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2.5. Licenses Issued by California Highway Patrol [2500 - 2574] ( Chapter 2.5 added by Stats. 1968, Ch. 1309. ) ## ARTICLE 3.5. Inspection and Maintenance Stations [2525 - 2525.12] ( Heading of Article 3.5 amended by Stats. 1975, Ch. 502. )

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    A person must not knowingly place, or let be placed, an article-authorized sticker on a vehicle that does not meet the code’s equipment requirements.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 2. ADMINISTRATION [1500 - 3093] ( Division 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2.5. Licenses Issued by California Highway Patrol [2500 - 2574] ( Chapter 2.5 added by Stats. 1968, Ch. 1309. ) ## ARTICLE 3.5. Inspection and Maintenance Stations [2525 - 2525.12] ( Heading of Article 3.5 amended by Stats. 1975, Ch. 502. ) ## 2525.10. It is unlawful and constitutes a separate offense for any person to knowingly place or knowingly permit to be placed any sticker authorized by this article on any vehicle which does not comply with all the equipment requirements of this code or regulations adopted thereunder. (Added by Stats. 1970, Ch. 1067.)
  4. 2525.12.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 2. ADMINISTRATION [1500 - 3093] ( Division 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2.5. Licenses Issued by California Highway Patrol [2500 - 2574] ( Chapter 2.5 added by Stats. 1968, Ch. 1309. ) ## ARTICLE 3.5. Inspection and Maintenance Stations [2525 - 2525.12] ( Heading of Article 3.5 amended by Stats. 1975, Ch. 502. )

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    The commissioner may charge a fee for stickers for fleet owner inspection and maintenance stations.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 2. ADMINISTRATION [1500 - 3093] ( Division 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2.5. Licenses Issued by California Highway Patrol [2500 - 2574] ( Chapter 2.5 added by Stats. 1968, Ch. 1309. ) ## ARTICLE 3.5. Inspection and Maintenance Stations [2525 - 2525.12] ( Heading of Article 3.5 amended by Stats. 1975, Ch. 502. ) ## 2525.12. The commissioner may charge a fee for the stickers furnished to fleet owner inspection and maintenance stations. The fee charged shall be established by regulation and shall not produce a total estimated revenue which, together with license fees charged pursuant to Sections 2502 and 2503, is in excess of the estimated total cost to the department of the administration of the statutes relating to fleet owner inspection and maintenance stations. (Amended by Stats. 1975, Ch. 502.)
  5. 2525.2.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 2. ADMINISTRATION [1500 - 3093] ( Division 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2.5. Licenses Issued by California Highway Patrol [2500 - 2574] ( Chapter 2.5 added by Stats. 1968, Ch. 1309. ) ## ARTICLE 3.5. Inspection and Maintenance Stations [2525 - 2525.12] ( Heading of Article 3.5 amended by Stats. 1975, Ch. 502. )

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    The commissioner may adopt regulations needed to administer this article, and licensed fleet owners acting as inspection and maintenance stations must comply with them.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 2. ADMINISTRATION [1500 - 3093] ( Division 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2.5. Licenses Issued by California Highway Patrol [2500 - 2574] ( Chapter 2.5 added by Stats. 1968, Ch. 1309. ) ## ARTICLE 3.5. Inspection and Maintenance Stations [2525 - 2525.12] ( Heading of Article 3.5 amended by Stats. 1975, Ch. 502. ) ## 2525.2. The commissioner may adopt such regulations as are necessary to administer the provisions of this article. A fleet owner licensed by the commissioner as an inspection and maintenance station pursuant to this chapter shall comply with such regulations. (Amended by Stats. 1975, Ch. 502.)
  6. 2525.4.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 2. ADMINISTRATION [1500 - 3093] ( Division 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2.5. Licenses Issued by California Highway Patrol [2500 - 2574] ( Chapter 2.5 added by Stats. 1968, Ch. 1309. ) ## ARTICLE 3.5. Inspection and Maintenance Stations [2525 - 2525.12] ( Heading of Article 3.5 amended by Stats. 1975, Ch. 502. )

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    Fleet owners licensed as inspection and maintenance stations must follow department rules, meet certain federal inspection requirements when doing interstate transportation, enroll certain stations for CHP inspection and pay required fees, and they may not certify vehicle safety systems or pollution-control work except for vehicles in their own fleet.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 2. ADMINISTRATION [1500 - 3093] ( Division 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2.5. Licenses Issued by California Highway Patrol [2500 - 2574] ( Chapter 2.5 added by Stats. 1968, Ch. 1309. ) ## ARTICLE 3.5. Inspection and Maintenance Stations [2525 - 2525.12] ( Heading of Article 3.5 amended by Stats. 1975, Ch. 502. ) ## 2525.4. (a) Fleet owners licensed as inspection and maintenance stations shall do all of the following: (1) Conduct all installations, adjustments, inspections, and maintenance under the supervision of, and subject to the regulations of, the department, and subject to Division 12 (commencing with Section 24000). (2) If engaged in interstate transportation, also conduct inspections and maintenance in accordance with the requirements of the United States Department of Transportation. (3) If operating or maintaining vehicles described in subdivisions (a), (b), (d), (e), (f), or (g), of Section 34500, enroll each licensed inspection and maintenance station for inspection by the Department of the California Highway Patrol pursuant to subdivision (d) of Section 34501.12 and pay the fees required by subdivision (e) of that section. (b) Fleet owners may not certify vehicle safety systems, as described in Section 9888.5 of the Business and Professions Code, or the installation, inspection, repair, or servicing of motor vehicle pollution control devices or systems, except for vehicles in the owner’s fleet. (Amended by Stats. 2023, Ch. 681, Sec. 23. (AB 1263) Effective January 1, 2024.)
  7. 2525.6.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 2. ADMINISTRATION [1500 - 3093] ( Division 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2.5. Licenses Issued by California Highway Patrol [2500 - 2574] ( Chapter 2.5 added by Stats. 1968, Ch. 1309. ) ## ARTICLE 3.5. Inspection and Maintenance Stations [2525 - 2525.12] ( Heading of Article 3.5 amended by Stats. 1975, Ch. 502. )

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    A licensed fleet owner may place an approved compliance sticker on vehicles it inspected or on which it installed or adjusted required equipment, but not on vehicles outside the fleet.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 2. ADMINISTRATION [1500 - 3093] ( Division 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2.5. Licenses Issued by California Highway Patrol [2500 - 2574] ( Chapter 2.5 added by Stats. 1968, Ch. 1309. ) ## ARTICLE 3.5. Inspection and Maintenance Stations [2525 - 2525.12] ( Heading of Article 3.5 amended by Stats. 1975, Ch. 502. ) ## 2525.6. Each fleet owner licensed as an inspection and maintenance station may place upon a vehicle which it has inspected and maintained, or upon which it has installed or adjusted required equipment, a sticker, in a form approved by the commissioner, certifying the compliance of such vehicle with all pertinent requirements imposed upon such vehicle by this code or regulations adopted thereunder and, if applicable, by the United States Department of Transportation. Such stickers shall remain valid for a period of one year and shall not be placed on any vehicle which is not part of the fleet. (Amended by Stats. 1975, Ch. 502.)
  8. 2525.8.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 2. ADMINISTRATION [1500 - 3093] ( Division 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2.5. Licenses Issued by California Highway Patrol [2500 - 2574] ( Chapter 2.5 added by Stats. 1968, Ch. 1309. ) ## ARTICLE 3.5. Inspection and Maintenance Stations [2525 - 2525.12] ( Heading of Article 3.5 amended by Stats. 1975, Ch. 502. )

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    The commissioner must make and enforce regulations for issuing stickers for vehicles owned or operated by a fleet owner that has complied with Section 2525.6.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 2. ADMINISTRATION [1500 - 3093] ( Division 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2.5. Licenses Issued by California Highway Patrol [2500 - 2574] ( Chapter 2.5 added by Stats. 1968, Ch. 1309. ) ## ARTICLE 3.5. Inspection and Maintenance Stations [2525 - 2525.12] ( Heading of Article 3.5 amended by Stats. 1975, Ch. 502. ) ## 2525.8. The commissioner shall make and enforce regulations with respect to the issuance of stickers to be displayed upon vehicles owned or operated by a fleet owner which has complied with Section 2525.6. (Added by Stats. 1970, Ch. 1067.)
  9. 25250.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Flashing and Colored Lights [25250 - 25282] ( Article 7 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    Flashing lights on vehicles are prohibited unless otherwise permitted.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Flashing and Colored Lights [25250 - 25282] ( Article 7 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 25250. Flashing lights are prohibited on vehicles except as otherwise permitted. (Amended by Stats. 1963, Ch. 223.)
  10. 25251.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Flashing and Colored Lights [25250 - 25282] ( Article 7 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    Vehicles may flash lights only in the specific situations listed here, and turn signal lamps must flash as warning lights when a vehicle is disabled on the roadway if the equipment still works.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Flashing and Colored Lights [25250 - 25282] ( Article 7 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 25251. (a) Flashing lights are permitted on vehicles as follows: (1) To indicate an intention to turn or move to the right or left upon a roadway, turn signal lamps and turn signal exterior pilot indicator lamps and side lamps permitted under Section 25106 may be flashed on the side of a vehicle toward which the turn or movement is to be made. (2) When disabled or parked off the roadway but within 10 feet of the roadway, or when approaching, stopped at, or departing from, a railroad grade crossing, turn signal lamps may be flashed as warning lights if the front turn signal lamps at each side are being flashed simultaneously and the rear turn signal lamps at each side are being flashed simultaneously. (3) To warn other motorists of accidents or hazards on a roadway, turn signal lamps may be flashed as warning lights while the vehicle is approaching, overtaking, or passing the accident or hazard on the roadway if the front turn signal lamps at each side are being flashed simultaneously and the rear turn signal lamps at each side are being flashed simultaneously. (4) For use on authorized emergency vehicles. (5) To warn other motorists of a funeral procession, turn signal lamps may be flashed as warning lights on all vehicles actually engaged in a funeral procession, if the front turn signal lamps at each side are being flashed simultaneously and the rear turn signal lamps at each side are being flashed simultaneously. (b) Turn signal lamps shall be flashed as warning lights whenever a vehicle is disabled upon the roadway and the vehicle is equipped with a device to automatically activate the front turn signal lamps at each side to flash simultaneously and the rear turn signal lamps at each side to flash simultaneously, if the device and the turn signal lamps were not rendered inoperative by the event which caused the vehicle to be disabled. (c) Side lamps permitted under Section 25106 and used in conjunction with turn signal lamps may be flashed with the turn signal lamps as part of the warning light system, as provided in paragraphs (2) and (3) of subdivision (a). (d) Required or permitted lamps on a trailer or semitrailer may flash when the trailer or semitrailer has broken away from the towing vehicle and the connection between the vehicles is broken. (e) Hazard warning lights, as permitted by paragraphs (2) and (3) of subdivision (a) may be flashed in a repeating series of short and long flashes when the driver is in need of help. (Amended by Stats. 1997, Ch. 945, Sec. 23. Effective January 1, 1998.)
  11. 25251.1.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Flashing and Colored Lights [25250 - 25282] ( Article 7 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    An implement of husbandry that displays a slow-moving vehicle emblem and is operated at 25 mph or less may be equipped with double-faced amber turn signals and flash them as warning lights.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Flashing and Colored Lights [25250 - 25282] ( Article 7 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 25251.1. Any implement of husbandry displaying a slow moving vehicle emblem, as defined in Section 24615, and being operated at a speed of 25 miles per hour or less, may be equipped with double-faced amber turn signals which may be flashed simultaneously as warning lights. (Added by Stats. 1978, Ch. 252.)
  12. 25251.2.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Flashing and Colored Lights [25250 - 25282] ( Article 7 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    A motorcycle may be equipped with a headlamp system that modulates the upper beam at 200 to 280 flashes per minute, but not during darkness.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Flashing and Colored Lights [25250 - 25282] ( Article 7 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 25251.2. Any motorcycle may be equipped with a means of modulating the upper beam of the headlamp between a high and a lower brightness at a rate of 200 to 280 flashes per minute. Such headlamps shall not be so modulated during darkness. (Added by Stats. 1980, Ch. 35, Sec. 1. Effective March 7, 1980.)
  13. 25251.3.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Flashing and Colored Lights [25250 - 25282] ( Article 7 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    No civil liability attaches for permitted use or nonuse of turn signal lamps, except where liability would still apply for other required devices.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Flashing and Colored Lights [25250 - 25282] ( Article 7 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 25251.3. No civil liability shall attach to any person for the use or nonuse of turn signal lamps in the manner permitted by paragraph (3) or (5) of subdivision (a) of Section 25251, except for such civil liability as would attach for the use or nonuse of any other device required by this article or Article 8 (commencing with Section 25300). (Amended by Stats. 1983, Ch. 410, Sec. 2.)
  14. 25251.4.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Flashing and Colored Lights [25250 - 25282] ( Article 7 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    A motor vehicle may be equipped with a theft alarm system that flashes permitted or required lights and operates under the referenced article.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Flashing and Colored Lights [25250 - 25282] ( Article 7 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 25251.4. Any motor vehicle may also be equipped with a theft alarm system which flashes any of the lights required or permitted on the motor vehicle and which operates as specified in Article 13 (commencing with Section 28085) of Chapter 5 of this division. (Added by Stats. 1977, Ch. 993.)
  15. 25251.5.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Flashing and Colored Lights [25250 - 25282] ( Article 7 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    Motor vehicles may be equipped with certain amber rear lighting systems, subject to limits on mounting, flash frequency, and light output.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Flashing and Colored Lights [25250 - 25282] ( Article 7 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 25251.5. (a) Any motor vehicle may also be equipped with a system in which an amber light is center mounted on the rear of a vehicle to communicate a component of deceleration of the vehicle, and which light pulses in a controlled fashion at a rate which varies exponentially with a component of deceleration. (b) Any motor vehicle may be equipped with two amber lamps on the rear of the vehicle which operate simultaneously with not more than four flashes within four seconds after the accelerator pedal is in the deceleration position and which are not lighted at any other time. The lamps shall be mounted at the same height, with one lamp located on each side of the vertical centerline of the vehicle, not higher than the bottom of the rear window, or if the vehicle has no rear window, not higher than 60 inches. The light output from each of the lamps shall not exceed 200 candlepower at any angle horizontal or above. The amber lamps may be used either separately or in combination with another lamp. (c) Any stoplamp or supplemental stoplamp required or permitted by Section 24603 may be equipped so as to flash not more than four times within the first four seconds after actuation by application of the brakes. (Amended by Stats. 1983, Ch. 410, Sec. 3.)
  16. 25252.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Flashing and Colored Lights [25250 - 25282] ( Article 7 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    Authorized emergency vehicles must have at least one steady-burning red warning lamp visible from 1,000 feet to the front, and they may display red warning lights on the front, sides, or rear.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Flashing and Colored Lights [25250 - 25282] ( Article 7 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 25252. Every authorized emergency vehicle shall be equipped with at least one steady burning red warning lamp visible from at least 1,000 feet to the front of the vehicle to be used as provided in this code. In addition, authorized emergency vehicles may display revolving, flashing, or steady red warning lights to the front, sides or rear of the vehicles. (Amended by Stats. 1974, Ch. 635.)
  17. 25252.5.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Flashing and Colored Lights [25250 - 25282] ( Article 7 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    Authorized emergency vehicles may have alternating upper-beam headlamp flashing systems, but only upper-beam flashing may be used, and only while the vehicle is being operated under Section 21055.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Flashing and Colored Lights [25250 - 25282] ( Article 7 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 25252.5. (a) Every authorized emergency vehicle may be equipped with a system which flashes the upper-beam headlamps of the vehicle with the flashes occurring alternately from the front headlamp on one side of the vehicle to the front headlamp on the other side of the vehicle. The flashing of the headlamps shall consist only of upper-beam flashing, and not the flashing of any other light beam. (b) “Upper-beam headlamp,” as used in this section, means a headlamp or that part of a headlamp which projects a distribution of light, or composite beam, so aimed and of such intensity as to reveal persons and vehicles at a distance of at least 350 feet ahead for all conditions of loading. (c) The system provided for in subdivision (a) shall only be used when an authorized emergency vehicle is being operated pursuant to Section 21055. (Amended by Stats. 1983, Ch. 1017, Sec. 4.)
  18. 25253.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Flashing and Colored Lights [25250 - 25282] ( Article 7 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    Tow trucks used to tow disabled vehicles must have flashing amber warning lamps, with limited exceptions and use rules on freeways.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Flashing and Colored Lights [25250 - 25282] ( Article 7 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 25253. (a) Tow trucks used to tow disabled vehicles shall be equipped with flashing amber warning lamps. This subdivision does not apply to a tractor-trailer combination. (b) Tow trucks may display flashing amber warning lamps while providing service to a disabled vehicle. A flashing amber warning lamp upon a tow truck may be displayed to the rear when the tow truck is towing a vehicle and moving at a speed slower than the normal flow of traffic. (c) A tow truck shall not display flashing amber warning lamps on a freeway except when an unusual traffic hazard or extreme hazard exists. (Amended (as amended by Stats. 2006, Ch. 375, Sec. 3) by Stats. 2009, Ch. 33, Sec. 2. (SB 159) Effective January 1, 2010.)
  19. 25253.1.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Flashing and Colored Lights [25250 - 25282] ( Article 7 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    An automobile dismantler’s tow vehicle used to tow a disabled vehicle may be equipped with flashing amber warning lamps, and the lamp may be shown to the rear while towing at below normal traffic speed.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Flashing and Colored Lights [25250 - 25282] ( Article 7 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 25253.1. An automobile dismantler’s tow vehicle used to tow a disabled vehicle may be equipped with flashing amber warning lamps. A flashing amber warning lamp upon an automobile dismantler’s tow vehicle may be displayed to the rear when the automobile dismantler’s tow vehicle is towing a vehicle and moving at a speed slower than the normal flow of traffic. (Added by Stats. 1985, Ch. 710, Sec. 4.)
  20. 25256.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Flashing and Colored Lights [25250 - 25282] ( Article 7 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

    Verify source ↗

    Certain highway-maintenance and related vehicles may display flashing amber warning lights when parked or working on the highway.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Flashing and Colored Lights [25250 - 25282] ( Article 7 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 25256. Vehicles used by highway authorities or bridge and highway districts, and vehicles of duly authorized representatives thereof, used in highway maintenance, inspection, survey or construction work may display flashing amber warning lights to the front, sides or rear when such vehicles are parked or working on the highway. (Amended by Stats. 1967, Ch. 544.)
  21. 25257.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Flashing and Colored Lights [25250 - 25282] ( Article 7 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    School buses used to transport schoolchildren must have a flashing red light system, and newer buses have additional required or optional equipment depending on manufacture date.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Flashing and Colored Lights [25250 - 25282] ( Article 7 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 25257. (a) Every schoolbus, when operated for the transportation of schoolchildren, shall be equipped with a flashing red light signal system. (b) (1) Every schoolbus manufactured on or after September 1, 1992, shall also be equipped with a stop signal arm. Any schoolbus manufactured before September 1, 1992, may be equipped with a stop signal arm. (2) Any schoolbus manufactured on or after July 1, 1993, shall also be equipped with an amber warning light system, in addition to the flashing red light signal system. Any schoolbus manufactured before July 1, 1993, may be equipped with an amber warning light system. (3) On or before September 1, 1992, the department shall adopt regulations governing the specifications, installation, and use of stop signal arms, to comply with federal standards. (4) A “stop signal arm” is a device that can be extended outward from the side of a schoolbus to provide a signal to other motorists not to pass the bus because it has stopped to load or unload passengers, that is manufactured pursuant to the specifications of Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard No. 131, issued on April 25, 1991. (Amended by Stats. 1992, Ch. 624, Sec. 7. Effective September 14, 1992.)
  22. 25257.2.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Flashing and Colored Lights [25250 - 25282] ( Article 7 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    A schoolbus used to transport developmentally disabled persons may not use certain warning devices except as required by law.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Flashing and Colored Lights [25250 - 25282] ( Article 7 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 25257.2. If a schoolbus is used for the transportation of persons of any age who are developmentally disabled, as defined by the Lanterman Developmental Disabilities Services Act (Division 4.5 (commencing with Section 4500) of the Welfare and Institutions Code), the amber light signal system, flashing red light signal system, and stop signal arm shall not be used other than as required by Sections 22112 and 22454. (Amended by Stats. 1992, Ch. 624, Sec. 8. Effective September 14, 1992.)
  23. 25257.5.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Flashing and Colored Lights [25250 - 25282] ( Article 7 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    A schoolbus operator may flash the turn signal lamps to warn others when backing up, if the front and rear signal lamps on both sides flash simultaneously.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Flashing and Colored Lights [25250 - 25282] ( Article 7 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 25257.5. To warn other motorists or pedestrians on a roadway during a backing maneuver, the operator of a schoolbus may flash turn signal lamps if the front turn signal lamps at each side are flashed simultaneously and the rear signal lamps at each side are flashed simultaneously. (Added by Stats. 1984, Ch. 127, Sec. 1.)
  24. 25257.7.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Flashing and Colored Lights [25250 - 25282] ( Article 7 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    A schoolbus may have a white strobe light, but it can be lit only in reduced visibility of 500 feet or less caused by atmospheric conditions. A schoolbus may not have the strobe light at all until the required regulations are adopted.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Flashing and Colored Lights [25250 - 25282] ( Article 7 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 25257.7. (a) A schoolbus may be equipped with a white strobe light mounted so as to be visible from the front, sides, or rear of the bus. The strobe light may only be lighted when visibility is reduced to 500 feet or less due to atmospheric conditions including, but not limited to, fog, rain, snow, smoke, or dust. Reduced visibility due to atmospheric conditions does not include the time of darkness from one-half hour after sunset to one-half hour before sunrise. (b) The type and mounting requirements of strobe lights authorized by subdivision (a) shall be established by regulations adopted by the department by April 1, 1991. No schoolbus shall be equipped with a strobe light until the regulations are adopted. (Added by Stats. 1990, Ch. 169, Sec. 1. Effective June 22, 1990.)
  25. 25258.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Flashing and Colored Lights [25250 - 25282] ( Article 7 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    This section allows certain authorized emergency vehicles to display flashing white or blue warning lights, and requires a probation officer to complete a four-hour certified training course before using an emergency vehicle with a blue warning light.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Flashing and Colored Lights [25250 - 25282] ( Article 7 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 25258. (a) An authorized emergency vehicle operating under the conditions specified in Section 21055 may display a flashing white light from a gaseous discharge lamp designed and used for the purpose of controlling official traffic control signals. (b) (1) An authorized emergency vehicle used by a peace officer, as defined in Section 830.1 of, subdivision (a), (b), (c), (d), (e), (f), (g), or (i) of Section 830.2 of, subdivision (n) of Section 830.3 of, subdivision (b) of Section 830.31 of, subdivision (a) or (b) of Section 830.32 of, Section 830.33 of, subdivision (a) of Section 830.36 of, subdivision (a) of Section 830.4 of, or Section 830.6 of, or a probation officer, as defined in Section 830.5 of, the Penal Code, in the performance of the peace officer’s duties, may, in addition, display a steady or flashing blue warning light visible from the front, sides, or rear of the vehicle. (2) Before a probation officer operates an emergency vehicle with a blue warning light, the officer shall complete a four-hour classroom training course regarding the operation of emergency vehicles that is certified by the Standards and Training for Corrections Division of the Board of State and Community Corrections. (3) This subdivision does not expand any existing authority of a probation officer to conduct a high-speed vehicle pursuit, nor does it change any existing training requirements for high-speed vehicle pursuits. (c) Except as provided in subdivision (a), a vehicle shall not be equipped with a device that emits any illumination or radiation that is designed or used for the purpose of controlling official traffic control signals. (Amended by Stats. 2018, Ch. 92, Sec. 211. (SB 1289) Effective January 1, 2019.)
  26. 25259.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Flashing and Colored Lights [25250 - 25282] ( Article 7 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    Authorized emergency vehicles may use certain flashing amber and white warning lights; police or traffic officer vehicles may also use steady burning or flashing white lights when the officer is performing duties.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Flashing and Colored Lights [25250 - 25282] ( Article 7 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 25259. (a) Any authorized emergency vehicle may display flashing amber warning lights to the front, sides, or rear. (b) A vehicle operated by a police or traffic officer while in the actual performance of his or her duties may display steady burning or flashing white lights to either side mounted above the roofline of the vehicle. (c) Any authorized emergency vehicle may display not more than two flashing white warning lights to the front mounted above the roofline of the vehicle and not more than two flashing white warning lights to the front mounted below the roofline of the vehicle. These lamps may be in addition to the flashing headlamps permitted under Section 25252.5. (Amended by Stats. 1997, Ch. 945, Sec. 25. Effective January 1, 1998.)
  27. 25259.1.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Flashing and Colored Lights [25250 - 25282] ( Article 7 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    Some disaster service workers may use flashing amber warning lights on a vehicle during emergency or disaster services, but they must complete required training first and cover or remove the lights when not in use.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Flashing and Colored Lights [25250 - 25282] ( Article 7 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 25259.1. (a) Any vehicle operated by a disaster service worker who has received training in accordance with subdivision (b) and used by that worker in the performance of emergency or disaster services ordered by lawful authority during a state of war emergency, a state of emergency, or a local emergency, as those terms are defined in Section 8558 of the Government Code, may display flashing amber warning lights to the front, sides, or rear while at the scene of the emergency or disaster. (b)Any disaster service worker operating a vehicle that displays flashing amber warning lights shall receive a training course from the public agency, disaster council, or emergency organization described in Section 3101 of the Government Code concerning the safe operation of the use of flashing amber warning lights prior to operating a vehicle that displays flashing amber warning lights. (c) A person operating a vehicle that is authorized to display flashing amber warning lights under this section shall either completely cover or remove those lights when the lights are not in use. (Added by Stats. 1997, Ch. 144, Sec. 1. Effective January 1, 1998.)
  28. 25259.5.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Flashing and Colored Lights [25250 - 25282] ( Article 7 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    Certain Red Cross emergency or disaster service vehicles may display flashing amber warning lights when they are at the scene of an emergency or disaster operation.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Flashing and Colored Lights [25250 - 25282] ( Article 7 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 25259.5. An emergency response or disaster service vehicle owned or leased and operated by the American National Red Cross, or any chapter or branch thereof, and equipped and clearly marked as a Red Cross emergency service or disaster service vehicle, may display flashing amber warning lights to the front, sides, or rear of the vehicle while at the scene of an emergency or disaster operation. Vehicles not used on emergency response shall not be included. (Amended by Stats. 1997, Ch. 144, Sec. 2. Effective January 1, 1998.)
  29. 25260.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Flashing and Colored Lights [25250 - 25282] ( Article 7 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    Certain utility and transit vehicles may use flashing amber warning lights only in the situations described.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Flashing and Colored Lights [25250 - 25282] ( Article 7 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 25260. (a) Public utility vehicles, and vehicles of duly authorized representatives of a public utility, actually engaged in the construction, removal, maintenance, or inspection of public utility facilities, including the cutting or trimming of trees immediately adjacent thereto, may display flashing amber warning lights to the front, sides, or rear when necessarily parked on a highway or when moving at a speed slower than the normal flow of traffic. (b) Vehicles owned by public transit operators which provide assistance to a disabled district bus may display flashing amber warning lights to the front, sides, or rear when necessarily parked on a highway. (Amended by Stats. 1980, Ch. 399, Sec. 5. Effective July 11, 1980.)
  30. 25260.1.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Flashing and Colored Lights [25250 - 25282] ( Article 7 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    Certain pipeline-work vehicles may use flashing amber warning lights in specific highway situations.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Flashing and Colored Lights [25250 - 25282] ( Article 7 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 25260.1. Vehicles actually engaged in the construction, removal, maintenance, or inspection of any oil or gas pipeline may display flashing amber warning lights to the front, sides, or rear when necessarily parked on a highway or when necessarily moving at a speed slower than the normal flow of traffic and only in accordance with Section 25268. (Added by Stats. 1978, Ch. 120.)
  31. 25260.3.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Flashing and Colored Lights [25250 - 25282] ( Article 7 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    Certain vehicles with personnel aerial lift equipment may use flashing amber warning lights in limited work situations.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Flashing and Colored Lights [25250 - 25282] ( Article 7 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 25260.3. Any vehicle having personnel aerial lift equipment, actually engaged in the construction, removal, maintenance or inspection of any building, structure, or appurtenances thereto, including the cutting or trimming of trees immediately adjacent thereto, may display flashing amber warning lights to the front, sides, or rear when necessarily parked on a highway or when moving at a speed slower than the normal flow of the traffic. (Added by Stats. 1976, Ch. 334.)
  32. 25260.4.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Flashing and Colored Lights [25250 - 25282] ( Article 7 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    A hazardous substance spill response vehicle under contract to the Department of Transportation may use flashing amber warning lights during actual spill cleanup, but the lights must be removed or covered when the vehicle is not actively cleaning up the spill.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Flashing and Colored Lights [25250 - 25282] ( Article 7 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 25260.4. Any hazardous substance spill response vehicle, under contract to the Department of Transportation for the cleanup of hazardous substance spills, may display flashing amber warning lights to the front, sides, or rear of the vehicle while it is engaged in the actual cleanup of the spill. The warning lights shall be removed or covered with opaque material whenever the vehicle is not actually engaged in the cleanup of a hazardous substance at the scene of the spill. (Added by Stats. 1984, Ch. 887, Sec. 1. Effective September 5, 1984.)
  33. 25261.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Flashing and Colored Lights [25250 - 25282] ( Article 7 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    Certain county agriculture vehicles and their authorized representatives may use flashing amber warning lights while weed controlling or detecting pests, but only when parked on a highway or moving slower than traffic.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Flashing and Colored Lights [25250 - 25282] ( Article 7 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 25261. Vehicles used by a county or county department of agriculture and vehicles of duly authorized representatives thereof, actually engaged in weed control or pest detection, may display flashing amber warning lights to the front, sides, or rear when necessarily parked on a highway or when moving at a speed slower than the normal flow of traffic. (Added by Stats. 1969, Ch. 218.)
  34. 25262.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Flashing and Colored Lights [25250 - 25282] ( Article 7 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    An armored car may have red lights and may use them while resisting armed robbery, but the lights must not be lighted at other times.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Flashing and Colored Lights [25250 - 25282] ( Article 7 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 25262. An armored car may be equipped with red lights which may be used while resisting armed robbery. At all other times the red lights shall not be lighted. The authority to use red lights granted by this section does not constitute an armored car an authorized emergency vehicle, and all other provisions of this code applicable to drivers of vehicles apply to drivers of armored cars. (Amended by Stats. 1969, Ch. 9.)
  35. 25263.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Flashing and Colored Lights [25250 - 25282] ( Article 7 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    Trucks towing houses or buildings on a highway may display flashing amber warning lights on the vehicle or load.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Flashing and Colored Lights [25250 - 25282] ( Article 7 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 25263. Trucks actually engaged in the towing of houses or buildings upon any highway may display flashing amber warning lights to the front, sides or rear on the vehicle or load. (Amended by Stats. 1961, Ch. 653.)
  36. 25264.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Flashing and Colored Lights [25250 - 25282] ( Article 7 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    A motor vehicle operated by a coroner or deputy coroner may display flashing amber warning lights when it is at the scene of a violent highway death.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Flashing and Colored Lights [25250 - 25282] ( Article 7 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 25264. Any motor vehicle operated by a coroner, or by a deputy coroner, and which is at the scene of any violent highway death, may display flashing amber warning lights to the front or rear. (Repealed and added by Stats. 1961, Ch. 653.)
  37. 25265.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Flashing and Colored Lights [25250 - 25282] ( Article 7 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    Certain repair vehicles for sanitary or county sanitation districts may use flashing amber warning lights when parked away from the curb for district facility repairs, but they must not have those lights on while moving.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Flashing and Colored Lights [25250 - 25282] ( Article 7 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 25265. Repair vehicles of sanitary districts or county sanitation districts necessarily parked other than adjacent to the curb in a highway for purposes of repairing district facilities, may display flashing amber warning lights to the front, sides or rear, but these lights shall not be lighted when the vehicle is in motion. (Amended by Stats. 1961, Ch. 653.)
  38. 25266.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Flashing and Colored Lights [25250 - 25282] ( Article 7 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

    Verify source ↗

    Certain state-owned vehicles may display flashing amber warning lights when doing specified work and meeting the listed roadway or speed conditions.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Flashing and Colored Lights [25250 - 25282] ( Article 7 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 25266. Vehicles owned by the state and operated by officers or employees of the state who are actually engaged in aqueduct or levee construction, maintenance, patrol, or inspection, or in stream measurement work, may display flashing amber warning lights to the front, sides and rear when parked on the traveled roadway so as to partially obstruct the free flow of traffic, or when moving at a speed slower than the normal flow of traffic. (Amended by Stats. 1973, Ch. 763.)
  39. 25267.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Flashing and Colored Lights [25250 - 25282] ( Article 7 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    Vehicles used by mosquito or pest abatement districts may show flashing amber warning lights when dispersing insecticides, while parked or working on the highway.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Flashing and Colored Lights [25250 - 25282] ( Article 7 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 25267. Vehicles used by mosquito abatement districts or pest abatement districts when dispersing insecticides may display flashing amber warning lights to the front or rear while the vehicles are parked or working on the highway. (Added by Stats. 1961, Ch. 653.)
  40. 25268.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Flashing and Colored Lights [25250 - 25282] ( Article 7 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    A person must not display a flashing amber warning light on a vehicle unless an unusual traffic hazard exists.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Flashing and Colored Lights [25250 - 25282] ( Article 7 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 25268. No person shall display a flashing amber warning light on a vehicle as permitted by this code except when an unusual traffic hazard exists. (Added by Stats. 1961, Ch. 653.)
  41. 25269.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Flashing and Colored Lights [25250 - 25282] ( Article 7 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    A person must not display a flashing or steady burning red warning light on a vehicle unless Section 21055 permits it or an extreme hazard exists.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Flashing and Colored Lights [25250 - 25282] ( Article 7 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 25269. No person shall display a flashing or steady burning red warning light on a vehicle except as permitted by Section 21055 or when an extreme hazard exists. (Added by Stats. 1961, Ch. 653.)
  42. 25270.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Flashing and Colored Lights [25250 - 25282] ( Article 7 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    Pilot cars and certain permitted vehicles must have flashing amber warning lights, show them during the permitted movement, and cover or remove the lamps when not escorting.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Flashing and Colored Lights [25250 - 25282] ( Article 7 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 25270. Any pilot car required by the permit referred to in Section 35780 or 35790, or any vehicle or combination of vehicles subject to the permit if specified in the permit, shall be equipped with flashing amber warning lights to the front, sides or rear. The pilot car and any vehicles required by the permit to have flashing amber warning lights, shall display the flashing amber warning lights while actually engaged in the movement described in the permit. The warning lamps shall be removed or covered with opaque material whenever the pilot car is not escorting the movement described in the permit. (Amended by Stats. 1988, Ch. 460, Sec. 1.)
  43. 25270.5.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Flashing and Colored Lights [25250 - 25282] ( Article 7 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    A vehicle herding livestock on or across a public roadway may use flashing amber warning lights in specified circumstances.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Flashing and Colored Lights [25250 - 25282] ( Article 7 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 25270.5. Any motor vehicle engaged in, or aiding in, the herding of livestock along or across a public roadway may display flashing amber warning lights to the front, sides, or rear of the vehicle while it is stopped in the roadway near the livestock or is proceeding with the livestock along the roadway. (Amended by Stats. 1977, Ch. 287.)
  44. 25271.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Flashing and Colored Lights [25250 - 25282] ( Article 7 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    Certain public vehicles and animal-rescue vehicles may use flashing amber warning lights in specified situations.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Flashing and Colored Lights [25250 - 25282] ( Article 7 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 25271. Any publicly owned vehicle or any vehicle operated by a corporation incorporated under Part 4 (commencing with Section 10400) of Division 2 of Title 1 of the Corporations Code for the purpose of the prevention of cruelty to animals, when used for removing dead animals, injured animals, or loose livestock, may, display flashing amber warning lights to the front or rear when necessarily parked on the roadway or when moving at a speed slower than the normal flow of traffic. (Added by Stats. 1961, Ch. 653.)
  45. 25271.5.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Flashing and Colored Lights [25250 - 25282] ( Article 7 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    Publicly owned vehicles used for animal control enforcement may display flashing or revolving amber warning lights in specified situations.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Flashing and Colored Lights [25250 - 25282] ( Article 7 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 25271.5. Any publicly owned vehicle used for the enforcement of animal control laws contained in a statute, local ordinance, or regulation may display flashing or revolving amber warning lights to the front, sides, or rear of the vehicle when actually engaged in the enforcement of those laws and when necessarily parked on a roadway or moving at a speed slower than the normal flow of traffic. (Added by Stats. 1985, Ch. 131, Sec. 1.)
  46. 25272.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Flashing and Colored Lights [25250 - 25282] ( Article 7 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    A motor vehicle used by a rural mail carrier may display flashing amber warning lights on the front and rear when it is stopped or stopping on a roadway to deliver U.S. mail.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Flashing and Colored Lights [25250 - 25282] ( Article 7 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 25272. A motor vehicle used by a rural mail carrier may display flashing amber warning lights to the front and rear of the vehicle while the vehicle is necessarily stopped or stopping upon a roadway for the delivery of United States mail. (Added by Stats. 1961, Ch. 653.)
  47. 25273.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Flashing and Colored Lights [25250 - 25282] ( Article 7 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    A qualifying school district vehicle may show a flashing amber warning light at the rear when it is measuring a pupil’s residence distance and is moving much slower than traffic.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Flashing and Colored Lights [25250 - 25282] ( Article 7 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 25273. Any motor vehicle owned and operated by a school district with an average daily attendance in excess of 400,000 while being used to measure the distance from school to a school pupil’s residence may display a flashing amber warning light to the rear of the vehicle when moving at a speed substantially slower than the normal flow of traffic. (Added by Stats. 1963, Ch. 404.)
  48. 25274.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Flashing and Colored Lights [25250 - 25282] ( Article 7 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    A vehicle owned and operated for a cable television company may display flashing amber warning lights in specified work and traffic-slowing situations.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Flashing and Colored Lights [25250 - 25282] ( Article 7 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 25274. Any vehicle owned by a cable television company and operated by employees, or duly authorized representatives, of a cable television company, when actually engaged in the construction, removal, maintenance or inspection of cable television facilities, including but not limited to, the cutting or trimming of trees immediately adjacent thereto, may display flashing amber warning lights to the front, sides, or rear when necessarily parked on a highway or when moving at a speed slower than the normal flow of traffic. For the purposes of this section, “cable television company” means any person engaged in the business of transmitting television programs by cable to subscribers for a fee. (Added by Stats. 1972, Ch. 406.)
  49. 25275.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Flashing and Colored Lights [25250 - 25282] ( Article 7 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    Certain trucks and truck tractors used for specified loads may have a flashing amber warning lamp, and the lamp may be shown only when the vehicle combination is over 75 feet long and there is an unusual traffic hazard.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Flashing and Colored Lights [25250 - 25282] ( Article 7 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 25275. Any truck or truck tractor which is primarily used in the transportation of loads specified in subdivision (a) of Section 35414, may be equipped with a flashing amber warning lamp. Such lamp may be displayed to the front, sides, or rear of the combination only when its length exceeds 75 feet and when an unusual traffic hazard exists. (Added by Stats. 1973, Ch. 64.)
  50. 25275.5.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Flashing and Colored Lights [25250 - 25282] ( Article 7 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    Certain buses may be equipped with crime alarm lights.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Flashing and Colored Lights [25250 - 25282] ( Article 7 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 25275.5. Any bus operated either by a public agency or under the authority of a certificate of public convenience and necessity issued by the Public Utilities Commission may be equipped with a system of crime alarm lights. The system of crime alarm lights shall consist of the installation of additional lamp sources, not exceeding 32 standard candlepower or 30 watts, in the front and rear clearance lamps required or permitted by Section 25100. Such lamps shall be operated by a flasher unit or units that are not audible inside the bus. When actuated, both rear crime alarm lights shall flash simultaneously and both front crime alarm lights shall flash simultaneously. Crime alarm lights shall be actuated only when a crime is in progress on board the bus or has recently been committed on board the bus. (Amended by Stats. 1979, Ch. 723.)
  51. 25276.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Flashing and Colored Lights [25250 - 25282] ( Article 7 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    Certain nonprofit vehicles may use a flashing amber light system, and may display the flashing amber lights while transporting eligible persons under specified conditions.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Flashing and Colored Lights [25250 - 25282] ( Article 7 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 25276. (a) A motor vehicle designed for carrying more than eight persons, including the driver, owned by a private, nonprofit organization that provides training or other activities for persons who have intellectual or physical disabilities, or both, and that is certified by the Department of Rehabilitation or licensed by the State Department of Developmental Services, with respect to the providing of this training or other activities, may be equipped with a flashing amber light signal system. (b) A motor vehicle, described in subdivision (a), may, while actually engaged in the transportation of persons described in subdivision (a) to or from a training or activity center operated by the organization, display the flashing amber lights of the system when necessarily parked upon a highway and in the process of loading or unloading persons. (c) Subdivisions (a) and (b) apply to a motor vehicle that is rented, leased, or chartered by the organization. (Amended by Stats. 2012, Ch. 457, Sec. 45. (SB 1381) Effective January 1, 2013.)
  52. 25277.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Flashing and Colored Lights [25250 - 25282] ( Article 7 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    Certain police, sheriff, and other government vehicles used for parking-law enforcement may display flashing or revolving amber warning lights in limited situations.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Flashing and Colored Lights [25250 - 25282] ( Article 7 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 25277. Any vehicle used by any police department, sheriff’s office, or other governmental agency for the purpose of enforcing parking laws contained in the Vehicle Code or in a local ordinance or regulation may display flashing or revolving amber warning lights to the front, sides, or rear of the vehicle when actually engaged in the enforcement of such laws and when either necessarily stopped on a street, or when moving at a speed slower than the normal flow of traffic. (Added by Stats. 1976, Ch. 234.)
  53. 25278.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Flashing and Colored Lights [25250 - 25282] ( Article 7 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    Certain vehicles tied to licensed land surveyors or civil engineers may use flashing amber warning lights in limited highway-related work situations.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Flashing and Colored Lights [25250 - 25282] ( Article 7 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 25278. Any vehicle owned or operated by a land surveyor or civil engineer licensed to practice in this state may display flashing amber warning lights to the front, sides, or rear, if the vehicle is engaged in any phase of a project that requires surveying or surveying related activities to be performed on a highway, or in the vicinity of a highway, and the vehicle is parked on the highway or moving at a speed lower than the normal flow of traffic. The use of, or absence of, amber warning lights as authorized in this section shall not serve as the basis for any civil action, a defense to a civil action, or establish negligence as a matter of law or negligence per se for comparative fault purposes. (Amended by Stats. 1995, Ch. 91, Sec. 181. Effective January 1, 1996.)
  54. 25279.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Flashing and Colored Lights [25250 - 25282] ( Article 7 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    Private security vehicles may use flashing amber warning lights only in the situations allowed here, and some uses or installations are prohibited unless a peace officer or the CHP Commissioner authorizes them.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Flashing and Colored Lights [25250 - 25282] ( Article 7 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 25279. (a) Vehicles owned and operated by private security agencies and utilized exclusively on privately owned and maintained roads to which this code is made applicable by local ordinance or resolution, may display flashing amber warning lights to the front, sides, or rear, while being operated in response to emergency calls for the immediate preservation of life or property. (b) (1) Vehicles owned by a private security agency and operated by personnel who are registered with the Department of Consumer Affairs under Article 3 (commencing with Section 7582) of Chapter 11.5 of Division 3 of the Business and Professions Code may be equipped with a flashing amber warning light system while the vehicle is operated on a highway, if the vehicle is in compliance with Section 27605 and is distinctively marked with the words “PRIVATE SECURITY” or “SECURITY PATROL” on the rear and both sides of the vehicle in a size that is legible from a distance of not less than 50 feet. (2) The flashing amber warning light system authorized under paragraph (1) shall not be activated while the vehicle is on the highway, unless otherwise directed by a peace officer, as defined in Chapter 4.5 (commencing with Section 830) of Title 3 of Part 2 of the Penal Code. (c) A peace officer may order that the flashing amber warning light system of a vehicle that is found to be in violation of this section be immediately removed at the place of business of the vehicle’s owner or a garage. (d) A flashing amber warning light system shall not be installed on a vehicle that has been found to be in violation of this section, unless written authorization is obtained from the Commissioner of the California Highway Patrol. (Amended by Stats. 1996, Ch. 1154, Sec. 76. Effective September 30, 1996.)
  55. 25280.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Flashing and Colored Lights [25250 - 25282] ( Article 7 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    Certain garbage, rubbish, or refuse collection vehicles may use flashing amber warning lights in specified situations.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Flashing and Colored Lights [25250 - 25282] ( Article 7 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 25280. Vehicles operated by a local public entity, or pursuant to a permit, license, contract, or franchise with a local public entity, and used to collect and transport garbage, rubbish, or refuse may display flashing amber warning lights to the front, sides, or rear while stopped upon a street and actually engaged in the collection of garbage, rubbish, or refuse, or while moving between stops at a speed not greater than 10 miles per hour. (Added by Stats. 1981, Ch. 280, Sec. 1.)
  56. 25281.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Flashing and Colored Lights [25250 - 25282] ( Article 7 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    A privately owned or operated water tender vehicle used exclusively for contract emergency services may display flashing amber warning lights in specified traffic situations, but not while traveling to or from an emergency at normal traffic speed unless escorting certain emergency vehicles; the lights must be covered when not in use.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Flashing and Colored Lights [25250 - 25282] ( Article 7 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 25281. A privately owned or operated water tender vehicle, when used exclusively for contract emergency services provided to any public agency, may display flashing amber warning lights to the front, sides, or rear of the vehicle when necessarily parked on a highway or other public road, blocking or partially blocking a highway or other public road, traveling at a speed slower than the normal flow of traffic, or crossing or entering a highway or other public road. The flashing amber lights shall not be displayed when the water tender vehicle is traveling to or from an emergency at the normal speed and flow of traffic, except when the vehicle is traveling in escort with a fire engine or other authorized emergency vehicle. The lights shall be covered with an opaque material when not being displayed. (Added by Stats. 1994, Ch. 207, Sec. 4. Effective July 18, 1994.)
  57. 25282.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Flashing and Colored Lights [25250 - 25282] ( Article 7 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    Certain contractor or construction-company vehicles may display flashing amber warning lights when working on or near a highway and parked or moving slower than traffic.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Flashing and Colored Lights [25250 - 25282] ( Article 7 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 25282. Any vehicle owned or operated by a contractor or a construction company licensed to operate in this state pursuant to the Business and Professions Code may display flashing amber warning lights to the front, sides, or rear, if the vehicle is engaged in any phase of a construction project performed on a highway, or in the vicinity of a highway, and the vehicle is parked on the highway or moving at a speed lower than the normal flow of traffic. The use of, or absence of, amber warning lights as authorized in this section shall not serve as the basis for any civil action, a defense to civil action, or establish negligence as a matter of law or negligence per se for comparative fault purposes. (Added by Stats. 1996, Ch. 10, Sec. 21. Effective February 9, 1996.)
  58. 25300.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 8. Warning Lights and Devices [25300 - 25305] ( Article 8 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    Vehicles covered by this section must carry and use red emergency reflectors, and drivers must place them—or temporary flares or lamps—in specified positions when a vehicle is disabled or parked near the roadway during darkness.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 8. Warning Lights and Devices [25300 - 25305] ( Article 8 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 25300. (a) Every vehicle which, if operated during darkness, would be subject to the requirements of Section 25100, and every truck tractor, irrespective of width, shall at all times be equipped with at least three red emergency reflectors. The reflectors need be carried by only one vehicle in a combination. All reflectors shall be maintained in good working condition. (b) When the vehicle is disabled on the roadway during darkness, reflectors of the type specified in subdivision (a) shall be immediately placed as follows: (1) One at the traffic side of the disabled vehicle, not more than 10 feet to the front or rear of the vehicle. (2) One at a distance of approximately 100 feet to the rear of the disabled vehicle in the center of the traffic lane occupied by the vehicle. (3) One at a distance of approximately 100 feet to the front of the disabled vehicle in the center of the traffic lane occupied by such vehicle. (4) If disablement of the vehicle occurs within 500 feet of a curve, crest of a hill, or other obstruction to view, the driver shall so place the reflectors in that direction as to afford ample warning to other users of the highway, but in no case less than 100 nor more than 500 feet from the disabled vehicle. (5) If disablement of the vehicle occurs upon any roadway of a divided or one-way highway, the driver shall place one reflector at a distance of approximately 200 feet and one reflector at a distance of approximately 100 feet to the rear of the vehicle in the center of the lane occupied by the stopped vehicle, and one reflector at the traffic side of the vehicle not more than 10 feet to the rear of the vehicle. (c) When the vehicle is disabled or parked off the roadway but within 10 feet thereof during darkness, warning reflectors of the type specified in subdivision (a) shall be immediately placed by the driver as follows: one at a distance of approximately 200 feet and one at a distance of approximately 100 feet to the rear of the vehicle, and one at the traffic side of the vehicle not more than 10 feet to the rear of the vehicle. The reflectors shall, if possible, be placed between the edge of the roadway and the vehicle, but in no event less than two feet to the left of the widest portion of the vehicle or load thereon. (d) (1) Until the reflectors required by this section can be placed properly, the requirements of this section may be complied with temporarily either by placing lighted red fusees or liquid-burning flares in the required locations or by using turn signal lamps, but only if front turn signal lamps at each side are being flashed simultaneously and rear turn signal lamps at each side are being flashed simultaneously. (2) The driver of a commercial motor vehicle equipped with fusees or liquid-burning flares shall place a lighted fusee or liquid-burning flare at each of the locations specified in subdivision (b). There shall be at least one lighted fusee or liquid-burning flare at each of the prescribed locations for as long as the commercial motor vehicle is stopped. Before the stopped commercial vehicle is moved, the driver shall properly extinguish and remove each fusee or liquid-burning flare. (3) If gasoline or any other flammable or combustible liquid or gas seeps or leaks from a fuel container or commercial motor vehicle stopped upon a highway, an emergency warning signal producing a flame shall not be lighted or placed except at a distance from the liquid or gas as will assure the prevention of a fire or explosion. (4) (A) A driver shall not use or permit the use of any flame-producing emergency signal for protecting any of the following: (i) A commercial vehicle transporting Division 1.1, Division 1.2, or Division 1.3 explosives, as classified by the United States Department of Transportation. (ii) A cargo tank motor vehicle, whether loaded or empty, used for the transportation of any Class 3 flammable liquid or Division 2.1 flammable gas, as classified by the United States Department of Transportation. (iii) A commercial motor vehicle using compressed gas as a motor fuel. (B) In lieu of a flame-producing emergency signal, emergency reflective triangles, red electric lanterns, or red emergency reflectors shall be used, the placement of which shall be in the same manner as prescribed in Section 392.22(b) of Title 49 of the Code of Federal Regulations. (e) The reflectors shall be displayed continuously during darkness while the vehicle remains disabled upon the roadway or parked or disabled within 10 feet thereof. (f) Subdivisions (b), (c), (d), and (e) do not apply to a vehicle under either of the following circumstances: (1) Parked in a legal position within the corporate limits of any city. (2) Parked in a legal position upon a roadway bounded by adjacent curbs. (g) In addition to the reflectors specified in subdivision (a), an emergency warning sign or banner may be attached to a vehicle which is disabled upon the roadway or which is parked or disabled within 10 feet of a roadway. (Amended by Stats. 2016, Ch. 208, Sec. 19. (AB 2906) Effective January 1, 2017.)
  59. 25301.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 8. Warning Lights and Devices [25300 - 25305] ( Article 8 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    Utility or public utility vehicles at certain work sites must display warning devices, with different options for daylight and darkness.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 8. Warning Lights and Devices [25300 - 25305] ( Article 8 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 25301. When utility or public utility vehicles are parked, stopped or standing at the site of work as described in Section 22512, warning devices shall be displayed as follows: (a) During daylight warning devices shall consist of either: A warning flag or barricade striping on the front and rear of the vehicle. A warning flag, sign, or barrier on the highway not more than 50 feet in advance of the vehicle and not more than 50 feet to the rear thereof, except that in zones where the speed limit is in excess of 25 miles per hour the 50-foot distance may be increased up to 500 feet from the vehicle as circumstances may warrant. (b) During darkness the warning devices shall consist of either: One or more flashing amber warning lights on the vehicle giving warning to approaching traffic from each direction. A warning light, flare, fusee, or reflector on the highway not more than 50 feet in advance of the vehicle and not more than 50 feet to the rear thereof, except that in zones where the speed limit is in excess of 25 miles per hour the 50-foot distance may be increased up to 500 feet from the vehicle where circumstances may warrant. (c) The provisions of subdivision (a) or (b) do not prevent the display of both types of the warning devices during daylight or darkness. (d) During either daylight or darkness, no warning device is necessary if the vehicle is equipped with the flashing warning lights visible to approaching traffic from each direction as provided in subdivision (b). (Amended by Stats. 1961, Ch. 653.)
  60. 25305.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 8. Warning Lights and Devices [25300 - 25305] ( Article 8 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    People may not place, use, or attach lighted fusees in prohibited ways near highways or vehicles, except for warning of an existing hazard, and railroads are exempt from the red-light rule.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 8. Warning Lights and Devices [25300 - 25305] ( Article 8 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 25305. (a) No person shall place, deposit, or display upon or adjacent to any highway any lighted fusee, except as a warning to approaching vehicular traffic or railroad trains, or both, of an existing hazard upon or adjacent to the highway or highway-railroad crossing. (b) It is unlawful to use any fusee which produces other than a red light. The provisions of this subdivision shall not apply to any railroad, as defined in Section 229 of the Public Utilities Code. (c) No person shall attach or permit any person to attach a lighted fusee to any part of a vehicle. (Amended by Stats. 2015, Ch. 451, Sec. 51. (SB 491) Effective January 1, 2016.)
  61. 2531.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 2. ADMINISTRATION [1500 - 3093] ( Division 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2.5. Licenses Issued by California Highway Patrol [2500 - 2574] ( Chapter 2.5 added by Stats. 1968, Ch. 1309. ) ## ARTICLE 4. Transportation of Hazardous Material [2531 - 2532] ( Article 4 repealed and added by Stats. 1981, Ch. 860, Sec. 11. )

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    The commissioner may deny, suspend, or revoke a hazardous-material transport license if repeated legal violations show the operation would be unsafe and against the public interest.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 2. ADMINISTRATION [1500 - 3093] ( Division 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2.5. Licenses Issued by California Highway Patrol [2500 - 2574] ( Chapter 2.5 added by Stats. 1968, Ch. 1309. ) ## ARTICLE 4. Transportation of Hazardous Material [2531 - 2532] ( Article 4 repealed and added by Stats. 1981, Ch. 860, Sec. 11. ) ## 2531. In addition to taking action pursuant to Article 5 (commencing with Section 2540), the commissioner may deny, suspend, or revoke a license to transport hazardous material when it is evident that the applicant or licensee or his or her employees have repeatedly violated any provision of law to such an extent as to demonstrate that it would be unsafe and not in the public interest to permit the applicant or licensee to operate or permit the operation of any vehicle owned or controlled by him or her for the transportation of hazardous material upon the public highways. (Amended by Stats. 1989, Ch. 161, Sec. 2.)
  62. 2532.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 2. ADMINISTRATION [1500 - 3093] ( Division 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2.5. Licenses Issued by California Highway Patrol [2500 - 2574] ( Chapter 2.5 added by Stats. 1968, Ch. 1309. ) ## ARTICLE 4. Transportation of Hazardous Material [2531 - 2532] ( Article 4 repealed and added by Stats. 1981, Ch. 860, Sec. 11. )

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    The commissioner may adopt regulations needed to administer this article.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 2. ADMINISTRATION [1500 - 3093] ( Division 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2.5. Licenses Issued by California Highway Patrol [2500 - 2574] ( Chapter 2.5 added by Stats. 1968, Ch. 1309. ) ## ARTICLE 4. Transportation of Hazardous Material [2531 - 2532] ( Article 4 repealed and added by Stats. 1981, Ch. 860, Sec. 11. ) ## 2532. The commissioner may adopt such regulations as are necessary to administer the provisions of this article. (Repealed and added by Stats. 1981, Ch. 860, Sec. 11.)
  63. 25350.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 9. Commercial and Common Carrier Vehicles [25350 - 25353] ( Article 9 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    Certain buses and commercial vehicles may use specified identification lamps and signs, subject to size, light, and glare limits.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 9. Commercial and Common Carrier Vehicles [25350 - 25353] ( Article 9 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 25350. Any passenger common carrier motor vehicle manufactured prior to January 1, 1968, may be equipped with green identification lamps. Any bus may be equipped with an illuminated termini sign, an illuminated identification sign, or any combination thereof, which shall not project any glaring light. Internally illuminated termini signs, identification signs, or any combination thereof, meeting the requirements of Section 25400 may be mounted inside a bus. Any commercial vehicle, other than a passenger common carrier motor vehicle, may be equipped with an illuminated identification sign upon the front thereof which shall not exceed 24 inches in length or 8 inches in width and which emits diffused white light without glare. (Amended by Stats. 1981, Ch. 813, Sec. 18.)
  64. 25351.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 9. Commercial and Common Carrier Vehicles [25350 - 25353] ( Article 9 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    Certain commercial vehicles and vehicles at least 80 inches wide may use identification lamps, with color rules based on the vehicle’s manufacture date.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 9. Commercial and Common Carrier Vehicles [25350 - 25353] ( Article 9 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 25351. (a) A commercial vehicle and any other vehicle 80 or more inches in width may be equipped with identification lamps mounted on the front or rear. (b) Identification lamps on vehicles described in subdivision (a) manufactured prior to January 1, 1968, may exhibit either amber, green, or white light to the front and red light to the rear. (c) Identification lamps on vehicles described in subdivision (a) manufactured on or after January 1, 1968, may exhibit only amber light to the front and red light to the rear. (Amended by Stats. 2021, Ch. 311, Sec. 6. (SB 814) Effective January 1, 2022.)
  65. 25352.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 9. Commercial and Common Carrier Vehicles [25350 - 25353] ( Article 9 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    Certain public-transit buses may use a signal-interrupting device, but only under stated conditions.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 9. Commercial and Common Carrier Vehicles [25350 - 25353] ( Article 9 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 25352. Any bus operated by a publicly owned transit system on regularly scheduled service may be equipped with a device capable of sending a signal that interrupts or changes the sequence patterns of an official traffic control signal, under the following conditions: (a) If such a device is a flashing gaseous discharge lamp, such lamp shall not emit a visible light exceeding an average of 0.0003 candela per flash of any color measured at a distance of 10 feet. (b) Such device shall not be installed or used unless and until authorized on specific routes by either the Department of Transportation pursuant to Section 21350 or local authorities pursuant to Section 21351. (c) Any bus or system operating under the conditions specified herein shall allow emergency vehicles operating pursuant to Section 25258 or 21055 to have priority in changing the sequence patterns of an official traffic control signal. (Amended by Stats. 1980, Ch. 399, Sec. 6. Effective July 11, 1980.)
  66. 25353.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 9. Commercial and Common Carrier Vehicles [25350 - 25353] ( Article 9 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    A publicly owned transit bus on regularly scheduled service may use illuminated signs if the signs meet size, lighting, visibility, and content conditions.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 9. Commercial and Common Carrier Vehicles [25350 - 25353] ( Article 9 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 25353. (a) Notwithstanding Sections 25400 and 25950, a bus operated by a publicly owned transit system on regularly scheduled service may be equipped with illuminated signs that include destination signs, route-number signs, run-number signs, public service announcement signs, or a combination thereof, visible from any direction of the vehicle, that emit any light color, other than the color red emitted from forward-facing signs, pursuant to the following conditions: (1) Each illuminated sign shall emit diffused nonglaring light. (2) Each illuminated sign shall be limited in size to a display area of not greater than 720 square inches. (3) Each illuminated sign shall not resemble nor be installed in a position that interferes with the visibility or effectiveness of a required lamp, reflector, or other device upon the vehicle. (4) Each illuminated sign shall display information directly related to public transit service, including, but not limited to, route number, destination description, run number, and public service announcements. (5) The mixing of individually colored light emitting diode elements, including red, is allowed as long as the emitted color formed by the combination of light emitting diode elements is not red. (b) (1) An illuminated sign may be operated as a dynamic message sign in a paging or streaming mode. (2) The following definitions shall govern the construction of paragraph (1): (A) “Paging,” meaning character elements or other information presented for a period of time and then disappearing all at once before the same or new elements are presented, is permitted if the display time of each message is between 2.7 and 10 seconds. Blanking times between each message shall be between 0.5 and 25 seconds. (B) “Streaming,” meaning character elements or other information moving smoothly and continuously across the display, is permitted if the character movement time, from one end of the display to the other, is at least 2.7 seconds, and the movement time of the entire message does not exceed 10 seconds. (c) A regulation adopted pursuant to this section shall comply with applicable federal law, including, but not limited to, the federal Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (42 U.S.C. Sec. 12101 et seq.). (Added by Stats. 2006, Ch. 881, Sec. 2. Effective January 1, 2007.)
  67. 2540.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 2. ADMINISTRATION [1500 - 3093] ( Division 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2.5. Licenses Issued by California Highway Patrol [2500 - 2574] ( Chapter 2.5 added by Stats. 1968, Ch. 1309. ) ## ARTICLE 5. Denial, Suspension and Revocation [2540 - 2549] ( Article 5 added by Stats. 1968, Ch. 1309. )

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    The commissioner may suspend or revoke a license, refuse to issue a license for reasons listed in other sections, and must conduct proceedings under this article according to the cited Government Code chapter.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 2. ADMINISTRATION [1500 - 3093] ( Division 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2.5. Licenses Issued by California Highway Patrol [2500 - 2574] ( Chapter 2.5 added by Stats. 1968, Ch. 1309. ) ## ARTICLE 5. Denial, Suspension and Revocation [2540 - 2549] ( Article 5 added by Stats. 1968, Ch. 1309. ) ## 2540. Any license issued may be suspended or revoked by the commissioner. The commissioner may refuse to issue a license to any applicant for the reasons set forth in Section 2531 or 2541. The proceedings under this article shall be conducted in accordance with Chapter 5 (commencing with Section 11500) of Part 1 of Division 3 of Title 2 of the Government Code, and the commissioner shall have all the powers granted therein. (Amended by Stats. 1981, Ch. 860, Sec. 12.)
  68. 25400.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 10. Diffused Lights [25400 - 25401] ( Article 10 enacted Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    This section allows certain vehicles to use diffused nonglaring exterior lights, but sets limits on brightness, color, size, placement, and where some signs may be displayed.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 10. Diffused Lights [25400 - 25401] ( Article 10 enacted Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 25400. (a) Any vehicle may be equipped with a lamp or device on the exterior of the vehicle that emits a diffused nonglaring light of not more than 0.05 candela per square inch of area. (b) Any diffused nonglaring light shall not display red to the front, but may display other colors. A diffused nonglaring light shall not resemble nor be installed within 12 inches or in such position as to interfere with the visibility or effectiveness of any required lamp, reflector, or other device upon the vehicle. (c) A diffused nonglaring lamp or device, other than a display sign authorized by subdivision (d), shall be limited in size to an area of 720 square inches and where any lease, rental, or donation is involved the installation of the lamp or device shall be limited to those vehicles operated either primarily within business or residential districts or municipalities, or between business districts, residential districts, and municipalities in close proximity. (d) An internally illuminated sign emitting not more than 0.25 candela per square inch and possessing copy which does not contain a white background may be displayed on each side, but not on the front or rear, of a trolley coach or of a bus being operated in urban or suburban service as described in Section 35107 of this code. (Amended by Stats. 1968, Ch. 582.)
  69. 25401.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 10. Diffused Lights [25400 - 25401] ( Article 10 enacted Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

    Verify source ↗

    A vehicle’s diffused nonglaring light must not resemble an official traffic control device.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 10. Diffused Lights [25400 - 25401] ( Article 10 enacted Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 25401. No diffused nonglaring light on a vehicle shall resemble any official traffic control device. (Enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3.)
  70. 2541.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 2. ADMINISTRATION [1500 - 3093] ( Division 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2.5. Licenses Issued by California Highway Patrol [2500 - 2574] ( Chapter 2.5 added by Stats. 1968, Ch. 1309. ) ## ARTICLE 5. Denial, Suspension and Revocation [2540 - 2549] ( Article 5 added by Stats. 1968, Ch. 1309. )

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    The commissioner may deny a license for specified reasons involving the applicant, related individuals, or a corporation applicant.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 2. ADMINISTRATION [1500 - 3093] ( Division 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2.5. Licenses Issued by California Highway Patrol [2500 - 2574] ( Chapter 2.5 added by Stats. 1968, Ch. 1309. ) ## ARTICLE 5. Denial, Suspension and Revocation [2540 - 2549] ( Article 5 added by Stats. 1968, Ch. 1309. ) ## 2541. (a) The commissioner may deny a license if the applicant or any partner, officer, or director thereof: (1) Fails to meet the qualifications established by the department pursuant to this chapter for the issuance of the license applied for. (2) Was previously the holder of a license issued under this chapter which license has been revoked and never reissued or which license was suspended and the terms of the suspension have not been fulfilled. (3) Has committed any act which, if committed by any licensee, would be grounds for the suspension or revocation of a license issued pursuant to this chapter. (4) Has committed any act involving dishonesty, fraud, or deceit whereby another is injured or whereby the applicant has benefited. (5) Has acted in the capacity of a licensed person or firm under this chapter without having a license therefor. (6) Has entered a plea of guilty or nolo contendere to, or been found guilty of, or been convicted of, a felony, or a crime involving moral turpitude, and the time for appeal has elapsed or the judgment of conviction has been affirmed on appeal, irrespective of an order granting probation following such conviction, suspending the imposition of sentence, or of a subsequent order under the provisions of Section 1203.4 of the Penal Code allowing such person to withdraw his plea of guilty and to enter a plea of not guilty, or setting aside the plea or verdict of guilty, or dismissing the accusation or information. (b) The commissioner may also deny a license if a corporation is the applicant and the policy or activities of the corporation are or will be directed, controlled, or managed by individuals or shareholders who are ineligible for a license, and the licensing of that corporation would likely defeat the purpose of this section. (Amended by Stats. 1982, Ch. 16, Sec. 5.)
  71. 2542.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 2. ADMINISTRATION [1500 - 3093] ( Division 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2.5. Licenses Issued by California Highway Patrol [2500 - 2574] ( Chapter 2.5 added by Stats. 1968, Ch. 1309. ) ## ARTICLE 5. Denial, Suspension and Revocation [2540 - 2549] ( Article 5 added by Stats. 1968, Ch. 1309. )

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    The commissioner may suspend, revoke, or otherwise discipline a license if the licensee or certain related persons commit one of the listed violations.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 2. ADMINISTRATION [1500 - 3093] ( Division 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2.5. Licenses Issued by California Highway Patrol [2500 - 2574] ( Chapter 2.5 added by Stats. 1968, Ch. 1309. ) ## ARTICLE 5. Denial, Suspension and Revocation [2540 - 2549] ( Article 5 added by Stats. 1968, Ch. 1309. ) ## 2542. The commissioner may suspend, revoke, or take other disciplinary action against a license as provided in this article if the licensee or any partner, officer, director, controlling shareholder, or manager thereof: (a) Violates any section of this code which relates to his or her licensed activities. (b) Is convicted of any felony. (c) Is convicted of any misdemeanor involving moral turpitude. (d) Violates any of the regulations promulgated by the commissioner pursuant to this chapter. (e) Commits any act involving dishonesty, fraud, or deceit whereby another is injured or any act involving moral turpitude. (f) Has misrepresented a material fact in obtaining a license. (g) Aids or abets an unlicensed person to evade this chapter. (h) Fails to make and keep records showing his or her transactions as a licensee, or fails to have these records available for inspection by the commissioner or his or her duly authorized representative for a period of not less than three years after completion of any transaction to which the records refer, or refuses to comply with a written request of the commissioner to make such record available for inspection. (i) Violates or attempts to violate this chapter relating to the particular activity for which he or she is licensed. (j) Fails to equip or maintain his or her vehicles, as required by this code or by the regulations adopted pursuant to this code. (Amended by Stats. 1989, Ch. 161, Sec. 3.)
  72. 2543.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 2. ADMINISTRATION [1500 - 3093] ( Division 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2.5. Licenses Issued by California Highway Patrol [2500 - 2574] ( Chapter 2.5 added by Stats. 1968, Ch. 1309. ) ## ARTICLE 5. Denial, Suspension and Revocation [2540 - 2549] ( Article 5 added by Stats. 1968, Ch. 1309. )

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    A guilty plea, guilty verdict, or nolo contendere conviction counts as a conviction for this article, and the commissioner may suspend or revoke a license, or refuse to issue one, in specified conviction-related situations.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 2. ADMINISTRATION [1500 - 3093] ( Division 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2.5. Licenses Issued by California Highway Patrol [2500 - 2574] ( Chapter 2.5 added by Stats. 1968, Ch. 1309. ) ## ARTICLE 5. Denial, Suspension and Revocation [2540 - 2549] ( Article 5 added by Stats. 1968, Ch. 1309. ) ## 2543. A plea or verdict of guilty or a conviction following a plea of nolo contendere is deemed to be a conviction within the meaning of this article. The commissioner may order the license suspended or revoked, or may decline to issue a license, when the time for appeal has elapsed, or the judgment of conviction has been affirmed on appeal, or when an order granting probation is made suspending the imposition of sentence, irrespective of a subsequent order under the provisions of Section 1203.4 of the Penal Code allowing such person to withdraw his plea of guilty and to enter a plea of not guilty, or setting aside the verdict of guilty, or dismissing the accusation, information or indictment. (Added by Stats. 1968, Ch. 1309.)
  73. 2544.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 2. ADMINISTRATION [1500 - 3093] ( Division 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2.5. Licenses Issued by California Highway Patrol [2500 - 2574] ( Chapter 2.5 added by Stats. 1968, Ch. 1309. ) ## ARTICLE 5. Denial, Suspension and Revocation [2540 - 2549] ( Article 5 added by Stats. 1968, Ch. 1309. )

    Verify source ↗

    The commissioner may discipline a licensee after a hearing, including probation, suspension, or revocation of the license.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 2. ADMINISTRATION [1500 - 3093] ( Division 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2.5. Licenses Issued by California Highway Patrol [2500 - 2574] ( Chapter 2.5 added by Stats. 1968, Ch. 1309. ) ## ARTICLE 5. Denial, Suspension and Revocation [2540 - 2549] ( Article 5 added by Stats. 1968, Ch. 1309. ) ## 2544. The commissioner may take disciplinary action against any licensee after a hearing as provided in this chapter by any of the following: (a) Imposing probation upon terms and conditions to be set forth by the commissioner. (b) Suspending the license. (c) Revoking the license. (Added by Stats. 1968, Ch. 1309.)
  74. 2545.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 2. ADMINISTRATION [1500 - 3093] ( Division 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2.5. Licenses Issued by California Highway Patrol [2500 - 2574] ( Chapter 2.5 added by Stats. 1968, Ch. 1309. ) ## ARTICLE 5. Denial, Suspension and Revocation [2540 - 2549] ( Article 5 added by Stats. 1968, Ch. 1309. )

    Verify source ↗

    When a suspension or revocation order takes effect, the licensee must surrender the license to the commissioner.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 2. ADMINISTRATION [1500 - 3093] ( Division 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2.5. Licenses Issued by California Highway Patrol [2500 - 2574] ( Chapter 2.5 added by Stats. 1968, Ch. 1309. ) ## ARTICLE 5. Denial, Suspension and Revocation [2540 - 2549] ( Article 5 added by Stats. 1968, Ch. 1309. ) ## 2545. Upon the effective date of any order of suspension or revocation of any license governed by this chapter, the licensee shall surrender the license to the commissioner. (Added by Stats. 1968, Ch. 1309.)
  75. 25450.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 11. Acetylene Lamps [25450 - 25452] ( Article 11 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    A motor vehicle other than a motorcycle may comply with the code’s headlamp rules if it uses two properly mounted lighted acetylene headlamps with the specified parts and brightness.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 11. Acetylene Lamps [25450 - 25452] ( Article 11 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 25450. Any motor vehicle, other than a motorcycle, equipped with lighted acetylene headlamps complies with the provisions of this code concerning lighted headlamps when it has two lighted acetylene headlamps of approximately equal candlepower mounted upon the front of the motor vehicle and fitted with clear plane glass fronts and bright six-inch spherical mirrors and standard acetylene five-eighths or three-quarters foot burners, not more and not less, projecting sufficient light ahead to reveal any vehicle, person or substantial object upon the roadway within 200 feet. (Enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3.)
  76. 25451.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 11. Acetylene Lamps [25450 - 25452] ( Article 11 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    A motorcycle with one lighted acetylene headlamp complies with the motorcycle headlamp rules if the lamp has the specified glass, mirror, burner, and throws light far enough ahead.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 11. Acetylene Lamps [25450 - 25452] ( Article 11 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 25451. Any motorcycle equipped with one lighted acetylene headlamp complies with the provisions of this code concerning lighted headlamps on motorcycles when the acetylene headlamp is fitted with a clear plane glass front and a bright six-inch spherical mirror and a standard acetylene one-half or five-eighths foot burner, projecting sufficient light ahead to reveal any vehicle, person, or substantial object upon the roadway within a distance of 115 feet. (Enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3.)
  77. 25452.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 11. Acetylene Lamps [25450 - 25452] ( Article 11 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    An acetylene lamp must not emit any glaring light.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 11. Acetylene Lamps [25450 - 25452] ( Article 11 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 25452. No acetylene lamp shall emit any glaring light. (Enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3.)
  78. 2546.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 2. ADMINISTRATION [1500 - 3093] ( Division 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2.5. Licenses Issued by California Highway Patrol [2500 - 2574] ( Chapter 2.5 added by Stats. 1968, Ch. 1309. ) ## ARTICLE 5. Denial, Suspension and Revocation [2540 - 2549] ( Article 5 added by Stats. 1968, Ch. 1309. )

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    Even if a license expires, is suspended, or is voluntarily surrendered, the commissioner still may continue investigations or disciplinary action and may issue a suspension or revocation decision.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 2. ADMINISTRATION [1500 - 3093] ( Division 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2.5. Licenses Issued by California Highway Patrol [2500 - 2574] ( Chapter 2.5 added by Stats. 1968, Ch. 1309. ) ## ARTICLE 5. Denial, Suspension and Revocation [2540 - 2549] ( Article 5 added by Stats. 1968, Ch. 1309. ) ## 2546. The expiration or suspension of a license by operation of law or by order or decision of the commissioner or a court of law, or the voluntary surrender of a license by a licensee shall not deprive the commissioner of jurisdiction to proceed with any investigation of or action or disciplinary proceedings against such licensee, or to render a decision suspending or revoking such license. (Added by Stats. 1968, Ch. 1309.)
  79. 2547.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 2. ADMINISTRATION [1500 - 3093] ( Division 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2.5. Licenses Issued by California Highway Patrol [2500 - 2574] ( Chapter 2.5 added by Stats. 1968, Ch. 1309. ) ## ARTICLE 5. Denial, Suspension and Revocation [2540 - 2549] ( Article 5 added by Stats. 1968, Ch. 1309. )

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    Accusations against licensees must be filed within 3 years of the alleged act or omission, except certain Section 2542(f) fraud or misrepresentation accusations may be filed within 2 years after discovery by the California Highway Patrol.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 2. ADMINISTRATION [1500 - 3093] ( Division 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2.5. Licenses Issued by California Highway Patrol [2500 - 2574] ( Chapter 2.5 added by Stats. 1968, Ch. 1309. ) ## ARTICLE 5. Denial, Suspension and Revocation [2540 - 2549] ( Article 5 added by Stats. 1968, Ch. 1309. ) ## 2547. All accusations against licensees shall be filed within three years after the act or omission alleged as the ground for disciplinary action, except that with respect to an accusation alleging a violation of subdivision (f) of Section 2542, the accusation may be filed within two years after the discovery by the California Highway Patrol of the alleged facts constituting the fraud or misrepresentation prohibited by said section. (Added by Stats. 1968, Ch. 1309.)
  80. 2548.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 2. ADMINISTRATION [1500 - 3093] ( Division 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2.5. Licenses Issued by California Highway Patrol [2500 - 2574] ( Chapter 2.5 added by Stats. 1968, Ch. 1309. ) ## ARTICLE 5. Denial, Suspension and Revocation [2540 - 2549] ( Article 5 added by Stats. 1968, Ch. 1309. )

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    If a license has been revoked or suspended after a hearing, the commissioner may also revoke or suspend any additional license issued under this chapter in the licensee’s name.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 2. ADMINISTRATION [1500 - 3093] ( Division 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2.5. Licenses Issued by California Highway Patrol [2500 - 2574] ( Chapter 2.5 added by Stats. 1968, Ch. 1309. ) ## ARTICLE 5. Denial, Suspension and Revocation [2540 - 2549] ( Article 5 added by Stats. 1968, Ch. 1309. ) ## 2548. When any license has been revoked or suspended following a hearing under the provisions of this chapter, any additional license issued under this chapter in the name of the licensee may be likewise revoked or suspended by the commissioner. (Added by Stats. 1968, Ch. 1309.)
  81. 2549.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 2. ADMINISTRATION [1500 - 3093] ( Division 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2.5. Licenses Issued by California Highway Patrol [2500 - 2574] ( Chapter 2.5 added by Stats. 1968, Ch. 1309. ) ## ARTICLE 5. Denial, Suspension and Revocation [2540 - 2549] ( Article 5 added by Stats. 1968, Ch. 1309. )

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    After a suspension, the commissioner may reinstate the license if the applicant shows compliance with the reinstatement decision. After a revocation, the license cannot be reinstated or reissued for one year.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 2. ADMINISTRATION [1500 - 3093] ( Division 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2.5. Licenses Issued by California Highway Patrol [2500 - 2574] ( Chapter 2.5 added by Stats. 1968, Ch. 1309. ) ## ARTICLE 5. Denial, Suspension and Revocation [2540 - 2549] ( Article 5 added by Stats. 1968, Ch. 1309. ) ## 2549. After suspension of the license upon any of the grounds set forth in this article, the commissioner may reinstate the license upon proof of compliance by the applicant with all provisions of the decision as to reinstatement. After revocation of a license upon any of the grounds set forth in this article, the license shall not be reinstated or reissued within a period of one year after the effective date of revocation. (Added by Stats. 1968, Ch. 1309.)
  82. 255.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 1. WORDS AND PHRASES DEFINED [100 - 681] ( Division 1 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    “City” includes every city and city and county within this State.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 1. WORDS AND PHRASES DEFINED [100 - 681] ( Division 1 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 255. “City” includes every city and city and county within this State. (Enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3.)
  83. 25500.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 12. Reflectorizing Material [25500- 25500.] ( Article 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    Area reflectorizing material may be displayed on vehicles only if it does not show red on the front, distort the vehicle’s size, or resemble official traffic control devices.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 12. Reflectorizing Material [25500- 25500.] ( Article 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 25500. (a) Area reflectorizing material may be displayed on any vehicle, provided: the color red is not displayed on the front; designs do not tend to distort the length or width of the vehicle; and designs do not resemble official traffic control devices, except that alternate striping resembling a barricade pattern may be used. No vehicle shall be equipped with area reflectorizing material contrary to these provisions. (b) The provisions of this section shall not apply to license plate stickers or tabs affixed to license plates as authorized by the Department of Motor Vehicles. (Amended by Stats. 1971, Ch. 1536.)
  84. 25650.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 13. Headlamps on Motorcycles and Motor-Driven Cycles [25650 - 25651] ( Heading of Article 13 amended by Stats. 1970, Ch. 923. )

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    Motorcycles must have 1 to 2 lighted headlamps during darkness.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 13. Headlamps on Motorcycles and Motor-Driven Cycles [25650 - 25651] ( Heading of Article 13 amended by Stats. 1970, Ch. 923. ) ## 25650. Every motorcycle during darkness shall be equipped with at least one and not more than two lighted headlamps which shall conform to the requirements and limitations of this division. (Enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3.)
  85. 25650.5.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 13. Headlamps on Motorcycles and Motor-Driven Cycles [25650 - 25651] ( Heading of Article 13 amended by Stats. 1970, Ch. 923. )

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    Motorcycles made and first registered on or after January 1, 1978 must have 1 to 2 headlamps that turn on automatically when the engine starts and stay on while it runs.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 13. Headlamps on Motorcycles and Motor-Driven Cycles [25650 - 25651] ( Heading of Article 13 amended by Stats. 1970, Ch. 923. ) ## 25650.5. Every motorcycle manufactured and first registered on and after January 1, 1978, shall be equipped with at least one and not more than two headlamps which automatically turn on when the engine of the motorcycle is started and which remain lighted as long as the engine is running. This section does not preclude equipping motorcycles used as authorized emergency vehicles with a switch to be used to turn off the headlamp during emergency situations or when the light would interfere with law enforcement, if the switch is removed prior to resale of the motorcycle. (Amended by Stats. 1984, Ch. 247, Sec. 3.)
  86. 25651.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 13. Headlamps on Motorcycles and Motor-Driven Cycles [25650 - 25651] ( Heading of Article 13 amended by Stats. 1970, Ch. 923. )

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    Motor-driven cycle headlamps may be single- or multiple-beam, but when riding in darkness they must meet specified visibility and aiming rules.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 13. Headlamps on Motorcycles and Motor-Driven Cycles [25650 - 25651] ( Heading of Article 13 amended by Stats. 1970, Ch. 923. ) ## 25651. The headlamp upon a motor-driven cycle may be of the single-beam or multiple-beam type, but in either event, when the vehicle is operated during darkness, the headlamp shall comply with the requirements and limitations as follows: (a) The headlamp shall be of sufficient intensity to reveal a person or a vehicle at a distance of not less than 100 feet when the motor-driven cycle is operated at any speed less than 25 miles per hour and at a distance of not less than 200 feet when operated at a speed of 25 to not exceeding 35 miles per hour, and at a distance of 300 feet when operated at a speed greater than 35 miles per hour. (b) In the event the motor-driven cycle is equipped with a multiple-beam headlamp, the upper beam shall meet the minimum requirements set forth above and the lowermost beam shall meet the requirements applicable to a lowermost distribution of light as set forth in subdivision (b) of Section 24407. (c) In the event the motor-driven cycle is equipped with a single-beam lamp, it shall be so aimed that when the vehicle is loaded none of the high intensity portion of light, at a distance of 25 feet ahead, shall project higher than the level of the center of the lamp from which it comes. (Amended by Stats. 1959, Ch. 1996.)
  87. 257.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 1. WORDS AND PHRASES DEFINED [100 - 681] ( Division 1 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    This section defines a “clean fuel vehicle” as certain passenger, commercial, or pickup vehicles powered by alternative fuels and meeting the applicable emissions standard for the vehicle’s model year.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 1. WORDS AND PHRASES DEFINED [100 - 681] ( Division 1 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 257. A “clean fuel vehicle” means any passenger or commercial vehicle or pickup truck that is fueled by alternative fuels, as defined in Section 301 of the Energy Policy Act of 1992 (P.L. 102-486), and produces emissions which do not exceed whichever of the following standards, as defined by regulations of the State Air Resources Board in effect on January 1, 1994, is applicable to the model year of the vehicle: (a) For a vehicle of the 1994 to 1996, inclusive, model year, the emission standard applicable to a transitional low-emission vehicle. (b) For a vehicle of the 1997 model year, the emission standard applicable to a low-emission vehicle. (c) For a vehicle of the 1998 to 2000, inclusive, model year, the emission standard applicable to an ultra low-emission vehicle. (Added by Stats. 1993, Ch. 1159, Sec. 4. Effective January 1, 1994.)
  88. 2570.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 2. ADMINISTRATION [1500 - 3093] ( Division 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2.5. Licenses Issued by California Highway Patrol [2500 - 2574] ( Chapter 2.5 added by Stats. 1968, Ch. 1309. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Transportation of School Pupils [2570 - 2574] ( Article 7 added by Stats. 1990, Ch. 1563, Sec. 3.6. )

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    The Legislature states that this chapter is meant to give the public added protection by requiring licensing of private schoolbus contractors transporting school pupils, and authorizes the California Highway Patrol to inspect and license them.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 2. ADMINISTRATION [1500 - 3093] ( Division 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2.5. Licenses Issued by California Highway Patrol [2500 - 2574] ( Chapter 2.5 added by Stats. 1968, Ch. 1309. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Transportation of School Pupils [2570 - 2574] ( Article 7 added by Stats. 1990, Ch. 1563, Sec. 3.6. ) ## 2570. It is the intent of the Legislature, in enacting this chapter, that the public be provided additional protection through the licensing of private schoolbus contractors transporting school pupils under contracts with school districts, and that the Department of the California Highway Patrol be authorized to inspect and license the contractors described in subdivision (a), giving special attention directed to negligent operators or repeat violators. (Added by Stats. 1990, Ch. 1563, Sec. 3.6.)
  89. 2571.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 2. ADMINISTRATION [1500 - 3093] ( Division 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2.5. Licenses Issued by California Highway Patrol [2500 - 2574] ( Chapter 2.5 added by Stats. 1968, Ch. 1309. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Transportation of School Pupils [2570 - 2574] ( Article 7 added by Stats. 1990, Ch. 1563, Sec. 3.6. )

    Verify source ↗

    Private schoolbus contractors serving school districts must be licensed under regulations adopted by the commissioner.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 2. ADMINISTRATION [1500 - 3093] ( Division 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2.5. Licenses Issued by California Highway Patrol [2500 - 2574] ( Chapter 2.5 added by Stats. 1968, Ch. 1309. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Transportation of School Pupils [2570 - 2574] ( Article 7 added by Stats. 1990, Ch. 1563, Sec. 3.6. ) ## 2571. Every private schoolbus contractor who contracts with a school district for the transportation of school pupils shall be licensed in accordance with regulations adopted by the commissioner. The license fee shall be one hundred dollars ($100) for an initial license and seventy-five dollars ($75) for each annual renewal. (Added by Stats. 1990, Ch. 1563, Sec. 3.6.)
  90. 2572.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 2. ADMINISTRATION [1500 - 3093] ( Division 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2.5. Licenses Issued by California Highway Patrol [2500 - 2574] ( Chapter 2.5 added by Stats. 1968, Ch. 1309. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Transportation of School Pupils [2570 - 2574] ( Article 7 added by Stats. 1990, Ch. 1563, Sec. 3.6. )

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    The commissioner may adopt regulations to administer this chapter. A private schoolbus contractor, or a person directing the driver, must not knowingly operate a school-pupil transport vehicle that requires a license unless the contractor holds a valid license; violations can be fined up to $2,000.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 2. ADMINISTRATION [1500 - 3093] ( Division 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2.5. Licenses Issued by California Highway Patrol [2500 - 2574] ( Chapter 2.5 added by Stats. 1968, Ch. 1309. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Transportation of School Pupils [2570 - 2574] ( Article 7 added by Stats. 1990, Ch. 1563, Sec. 3.6. ) ## 2572. (a) The commissioner may adopt whatever regulations are necessary to administer this chapter. The regulations shall be consistent with regulations regarding schoolbuses and schoolbus drivers adopted by the commissioner pursuant to other provisions of law. (b) In addition to any other requirements, it is unlawful for the private schoolbus contractor or the person who directs the driver to operate a vehicle transporting school pupils, when that transportation requires a license, to knowingly cause the operation of the vehicle unless the private schoolbus contractor holds a valid license for the transportation of school pupils. A violation of this subdivision shall be punished by a fine of not more than two thousand dollars ($2,000). (Added by Stats. 1990, Ch. 1563, Sec. 3.6.)
  91. 2573.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 2. ADMINISTRATION [1500 - 3093] ( Division 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2.5. Licenses Issued by California Highway Patrol [2500 - 2574] ( Chapter 2.5 added by Stats. 1968, Ch. 1309. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Transportation of School Pupils [2570 - 2574] ( Article 7 added by Stats. 1990, Ch. 1563, Sec. 3.6. )

    Verify source ↗

    The commissioner may suspend a license to transport school pupils, and must notify affected school districts about a suspension hearing.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 2. ADMINISTRATION [1500 - 3093] ( Division 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2.5. Licenses Issued by California Highway Patrol [2500 - 2574] ( Chapter 2.5 added by Stats. 1968, Ch. 1309. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Transportation of School Pupils [2570 - 2574] ( Article 7 added by Stats. 1990, Ch. 1563, Sec. 3.6. ) ## 2573. (a) The commissioner may temporarily suspend a license to transport school pupils under contract with a school district, subject to a hearing conducted pursuant to Chapter 5 (commencing with Section 11500) of Part 1 of Division 3 of Title 2 of the Government Code, when, in the commissioner’s opinion, the action is necessary to prevent an imminent and substantial danger to the public health. (b) The commissioner may, following a hearing, suspend a license to transport school pupils under contract with a school district, for a period of at least 30 days but not more than 90 days, if the holder of the license knowingly permits the transportation of school pupils by a person who does not possess the appropriate driver’s license and driver’s certificate. (c) The suspensions authorized pursuant to subdivisions (a) and (b) may, at the discretion of the commissioner, be enforced for all operations of a schoolbus contractor, or for the operations of the contractor in the school district in which the alleged violations occurred, or for the operations of the contractor in the contractor’s terminal in which the alleged violations occurred. (d) The commissioner shall provide notification of a suspension hearing to those school districts whose terminals would be affected by the suspension. (Added by Stats. 1990, Ch. 1563, Sec. 3.6.)
  92. 2574.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 2. ADMINISTRATION [1500 - 3093] ( Division 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2.5. Licenses Issued by California Highway Patrol [2500 - 2574] ( Chapter 2.5 added by Stats. 1968, Ch. 1309. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Transportation of School Pupils [2570 - 2574] ( Article 7 added by Stats. 1990, Ch. 1563, Sec. 3.6. )

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    Fees collected for school-pupil transportation licenses must be deposited into the Motor Vehicle Account, and those fees must be used to support the department’s licensing program if the Legislature appropriates the money.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 2. ADMINISTRATION [1500 - 3093] ( Division 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2.5. Licenses Issued by California Highway Patrol [2500 - 2574] ( Chapter 2.5 added by Stats. 1968, Ch. 1309. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Transportation of School Pupils [2570 - 2574] ( Article 7 added by Stats. 1990, Ch. 1563, Sec. 3.6. ) ## 2574. (a) All fees collected by the Department of the California Highway Patrol pursuant to the issuance or renewal of a license for the transportation of school pupils under contract with a school district shall be deposited in the Motor Vehicle Account of the State Transportation Fund. (b) All moneys collected from these fees shall be used for the support of the licensing program of the department upon appropriation therefor by the Legislature. (Added by Stats. 1990, Ch. 1563, Sec. 3.6.)
  93. 25800.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 14. Vehicles Exempted [25800 - 25806] ( Article 14 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

    Verify source ↗

    Special mobile equipment is exempt from several lighting-equipment provisions, but it must comply with certain listed sections and Article 12.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 14. Vehicles Exempted [25800 - 25806] ( Article 14 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 25800. The provisions of Sections 24012, 24250, 24251, 24400 to 24404, inclusive, and Articles 3 (commencing with Section 24600), 4 (commencing with Section 24800), 5 (commencing with Section 24950), 6 (commencing with Section 25100), 9 (commencing with Section 25350), 11 (commencing with Section 25450), and 13 (commencing with Section 25650), shall not apply to special mobile equipment. Such equipment shall be subject to the provisions of Sections 24254, 25803, and 25950, and Article 12 (commencing with Section 25500) . (Amended by Stats. 1972, Ch. 618.)
  94. 25801.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 14. Vehicles Exempted [25800 - 25806] ( Article 14 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

    Verify source ↗

    Most vehicle lighting provisions do not apply to certain construction or maintenance equipment and snow-removal or sanding trucks, but they do apply when motortrucks and automobiles are used independently of that equipment.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 14. Vehicles Exempted [25800 - 25806] ( Article 14 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 25801. The provisions of Sections 24012, 24250, 24251, 24254, 24400 to 24404, inclusive, 24600 to 24604, inclusive, 24606 to 24610, inclusive, Section 25950, and Articles 4 (commencing with Section 24800), 5 (commencing with Section 24950), 6 (commencing with Section 25100), 9 (commencing with Section 25350), 11 (commencing with Section 25450), 12 (commencing with Section 25500), and 13 (commencing with Section 25650) and shall not apply to special construction or maintenance equipment, nor to motortrucks equipped with snow removal or sanding devices, but shall apply to motortrucks and automobiles used independently of such equipment. The provisions of Section 25803 shall be applicable to such equipment. (Amended by Stats. 1972, Ch. 618.)
  95. 25802.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 14. Vehicles Exempted [25800 - 25806] ( Article 14 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

    Verify source ↗

    Some vehicles are exempt from many lighting-equipment sections, but they remain subject to a listed set of other sections.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 14. Vehicles Exempted [25800 - 25806] ( Article 14 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 25802. Sections 24002, 24005, 24012, 24250, 24251, 24400 to 24404, inclusive, 24600 to 24604, inclusive, 24606 to 24610, inclusive, Article 4 (commencing with Section 24800), Article 5 (commencing with Section 24950), Article 6 (commencing with Section 25100), Article 9 (commencing with Section 25350), Article 11 (commencing with Section 25450), and Article 13 (commencing with Section 25650) of Chapter 2 of this division, Chapter 3 (commencing with Section 26301), Chapter 4 (commencing with Section 26700), and Chapter 5 (commencing with Section 27000) of this division, and Chapter 5 (commencing with Section 31301) of Division 13 do not apply to logging vehicles or any vehicle of a type subject to registration under this code that is not designed, used, or maintained for the transportation of persons or property and that is operated or moved over a highway only incidentally; but any such vehicle shall be subject to Sections 2800, 2806, 24004, 25260, 25803, 25950, 25952, 26457, 27454, 27602, 31500, and 40150, and to Article 12 (commencing with Section 25500) of Chapter 2 of this division. (Amended by Stats. 2016, Ch. 208, Sec. 20. (AB 2906) Effective January 1, 2017.)
  96. 25803.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 14. Vehicles Exempted [25800 - 25806] ( Article 14 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    Some vehicles must use specified lights and reflectors when operated on a highway during darkness, and wide vehicles must show an amber light or a red/orange marker at the left outer edge.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 14. Vehicles Exempted [25800 - 25806] ( Article 14 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 25803. (a) All vehicles not otherwise required to be equipped with headlamps, rear lights, or reflectors by this chapter shall, if operated on a highway during darkness, be equipped with a lamp exhibiting a red light visible from a distance of 500 feet to the rear of the vehicle. In addition, all of these vehicles operated alone or as the first vehicle in a combination of vehicles, shall be equipped with at least one lighted lamp exhibiting a white light visible from a distance of 500 feet to the front of the vehicle. (b) A vehicle shall also be equipped with an amber reflector on the front near the left side and a red reflector on the rear near the left side. The reflectors shall be mounted on the vehicle not lower than 16 inches nor higher than 60 inches above the ground and so designed and maintained as to be visible during darkness from all distances within 500 feet from the vehicle when directly in front of a motor vehicle displaying lawful lighted headlamps undimmed. (c) In addition, if a vehicle described in subdivision (a) or the load thereon has a total outside width in excess of 100 inches there shall be displayed during darkness at the left outer extremity at least one amber light visible under normal atmospheric conditions from a distance of 500 feet to the front, sides, and rear. At all other times there shall be displayed at the left outer extremity a solid red or fluorescent orange flag or cloth not less than 18 inches square. (Amended by Stats. 2015, Ch. 451, Sec. 52. (SB 491) Effective January 1, 2016.)
  97. 25804.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 14. Vehicles Exempted [25800 - 25806] ( Article 14 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    Original lighting equipment on a pre-1946 vehicle does not have to meet department requirements if the vehicle is used mainly for historical exhibition.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 14. Vehicles Exempted [25800 - 25806] ( Article 14 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 25804. Notwithstanding any other provision of this code, original lighting equipment installed on a vehicle manufactured prior to January 1, 1946, need not meet the requirements established by the department when the vehicle is used primarily for the purpose of historical exhibition. (Amended by Stats. 1979, Ch. 723.)
  98. 25805.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 14. Vehicles Exempted [25800 - 25806] ( Article 14 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    A towed forklift truck must have specific rear lighting and signals, and if it is wide enough, clearance lamps too.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 14. Vehicles Exempted [25800 - 25806] ( Article 14 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 25805. Notwithstanding any other provision of this article, a forklift truck which is towed upon the highway at the end of a combination of vehicles shall at all times be equipped with at least one stop lamp mounted upon the rear of the vehicle and shall be equipped with lamp-type turn signals. Such vehicle shall, during the hours of darkness, be equipped with at least one taillamp and one red reflector mounted upon the rear of the vehicle and shall be equipped with clearance lamps if the vehicle is 80 or more inches in width. (Added by Stats. 1969, Ch. 132.)
  99. 25806.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 14. Vehicles Exempted [25800 - 25806] ( Article 14 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    This section exempts certain ambulances and firetrucks from specified vehicle-code sections when they are used only for sales demonstrations or for delivery to a purchaser, and requires warning lamps and siren controls to be disabled on highways.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 14. Vehicles Exempted [25800 - 25806] ( Article 14 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 25806. Sections 24003 and 27002 shall not apply to the installation of warning lamps and sirens on ambulances or firetrucks which are used solely for demonstration purposes in the sales work of a licensed dealer, distributor, or vehicle manufacturer and shall not apply to ambulances or firetrucks being operated on a highway solely for the purpose of delivery from the licensee to a purchaser. Warning lamps shall be removed or covered with opaque material and the siren controls disabled whenever the vehicle is upon a highway. (Added by Stats. 1982, Ch. 217, Sec. 1.)
  100. 259.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 1. WORDS AND PHRASES DEFINED [100 - 681] ( Division 1 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    Defines “collector motor vehicle” as a vehicle owned by a collector and used mainly for shows, parades, charitable functions, or historical exhibitions, not primarily for transportation.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 1. WORDS AND PHRASES DEFINED [100 - 681] ( Division 1 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 259. “Collector motor vehicle” means a motor vehicle owned by a collector, as defined in subdivision (a) of Section 5051, and the motor vehicle is used primarily in shows, parades, charitable functions, and historical exhibitions for display, maintenance, and preservation, and is not used primarily for transportation. (Added by Stats. 2004, Ch. 107, Sec. 1. Effective January 1, 2005.)
  101. 25950.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 15. Light Restrictions and Mounting [25950 - 25952] ( Article 15 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

    Verify source ↗

    Vehicle lamps and reflectors must use specified colors, with several listed exceptions.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 15. Light Restrictions and Mounting [25950 - 25952] ( Article 15 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 25950. This section applies to the color of lamps and to any reflector exhibiting or reflecting perceptible light of 0.05 candela or more per foot-candle of incident illumination. Unless provided otherwise, the color of lamps and reflectors upon a vehicle shall be as follows: (a) The emitted light from all lamps and the reflected light from all reflectors, visible from in front of a vehicle, shall be white or yellow, except as follows: (1) Rear side marker lamps required by Section 25100 may show red to the front. (2) The color of foglamps described in Section 24403 may be in the color spectrum from white to yellow. (3) An illuminating device, as permitted under Section 24255, shall emit radiation predominantly in the infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum. Any incidental visible light projecting to the front of the vehicle shall be predominantly yellow to white. Any incidental visible light projecting to the rear of the vehicle shall be predominantly red. Any incidental visible light from an illuminating device, as permitted under Section 24255, shall not resemble any other required or permitted lighting device or official traffic control device. (4) ADS marker lamps, as described in subdivision (i) of Section 38750, on an autonomous vehicle. (b) The emitted light from all lamps and the reflected light from all reflectors, visible from the rear of a vehicle, shall be red except as follows: (1) Stoplamps on vehicles manufactured before January 1, 1979, may show yellow to the rear. (2) Turn signal lamps may show yellow to the rear. (3) Front side marker lamps required by Section 25100 may show yellow to the rear. (4) Backup lamps shall show white to the rear. (5) The rearward facing portion of a front-mounted double-faced turn signal lamp may show amber to the rear while the headlamps or parking lamps are lighted, if the intensity of the light emitted is not greater than the parking lamps and the turn signal function is not impaired. (6) A reflector meeting the requirements of, and installed in accordance with, Section 24611 shall be red or white, or both. (7) ADS marker lamps, as described in subdivision (i) of Section 38750, on an autonomous vehicle. (c) All lamps and reflectors visible from the front, sides, or rear of a vehicle, except headlamps, may have any unlighted color, provided the emitted light from all lamps or reflected light from all reflectors complies with the required color. Except for backup lamps, the entire effective projected luminous area of lamps visible from the rear or mounted on the sides near the rear of a vehicle shall be covered by an inner lens of the required color when the unlighted color differs from the required emitted light color. Taillamps, stoplamps, and turn signal lamps that are visible to the rear may be white when unlighted on vehicles manufactured before January 1, 1974. (Amended by Stats. 2025, Ch. 415, Sec. 1. (SB 480) Effective January 1, 2026.)
  102. 25951.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 15. Light Restrictions and Mounting [25950 - 25952] ( Article 15 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    Certain motor-vehicle lamps that shine more than 300 candlepower must be aimed so their beam does not hit the roadway more than 75 feet ahead of the vehicle.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 15. Light Restrictions and Mounting [25950 - 25952] ( Article 15 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 25951. Any lighted lamp or device upon a motor vehicle other than headlamps, spotlamps, signal lamps, or auxiliary driving lamps, warning lamps which projects a beam of light of an intensity greater than 300 candlepower shall be so directed that no part of the beam will strike the level of the roadway at a distance of more than 75 feet from the vehicle. (Amended by Stats. 1965, Ch. 1313.)
  103. 25952.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 15. Light Restrictions and Mounting [25950 - 25952] ( Article 15 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    Certain vehicle lights, reflectors, and reflectorizing material may be mounted on a carried load instead of, or as well as, on the vehicle, if mounted in compliance with the code and related regulations.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 15. Light Restrictions and Mounting [25950 - 25952] ( Article 15 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 25952. (a) Lamps, reflectors, and area reflectorizing material of a type required or permitted on a vehicle may be mounted on a load carried by the vehicle in lieu of, or in addition to, such equipment on the vehicle. Such equipment shall be mounted on the load in a manner that would comply with the requirements of this code and regulations adopted pursuant to this code if the load were an integral part of the vehicle. (b) Lamps on vehicles carried as a load shall not be lighted unless such lamps are mounted in accordance with subdivision (a). (Added by Stats. 1969, Ch. 341.)
  104. 260.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 1. WORDS AND PHRASES DEFINED [100 - 681] ( Division 1 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    This section defines “commercial vehicle” and excludes certain vehicles and chapter applications from that definition.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 1. WORDS AND PHRASES DEFINED [100 - 681] ( Division 1 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 260. (a) A “commercial vehicle” is a motor vehicle of a type required to be registered under this code used or maintained for the transportation of persons for hire, compensation, or profit or designed, used, or maintained primarily for the transportation of property. (b) Passenger vehicles and house cars that are not used for the transportation of persons for hire, compensation, or profit are not commercial vehicles. This subdivision shall not apply to Chapter 4 (commencing with Section 6700) of Division 3. (c) Any vanpool vehicle is not a commercial vehicle. (d) The definition of a commercial vehicle in this section does not apply to Chapter 7 (commencing with Section 15200) of Division 6. (Amended by Stats. 2003, Ch. 222, Sec. 1. Effective January 1, 2004.)
  105. 26100.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 16. Equipment Testing [26100 - 26106] ( Article 16 repealed and added by Stats. 1979, Ch. 723. )

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    A person may not sell, use, or drive a vehicle with lighting equipment or similar devices that do not comply with Section 26104, subject to a grandfathering exception for certain taillamps and stop lamps.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 16. Equipment Testing [26100 - 26106] ( Article 16 repealed and added by Stats. 1979, Ch. 723. ) ## 26100. (a) A person shall not sell or offer for sale for use upon or as part of the equipment of a vehicle any lighting equipment, safety glazing material, or other device that does not meet the provisions of Section 26104. (b) A person shall not use upon a vehicle, and a person shall not drive a vehicle upon a highway that is equipped with, any lighting equipment, safety glazing material, or other device that is not in compliance with Section 26104. (c) This section does not apply to a taillamp or stop lamp in use on or prior to December 1, 1935. (Amended by Stats. 2010, Ch. 491, Sec. 44. (SB 1318) Effective January 1, 2011.)
  106. 26101.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 16. Equipment Testing [26100 - 26106] ( Article 16 repealed and added by Stats. 1979, Ch. 723. )

    Verify source ↗

    A person may not sell, use, or drive a vehicle with a device that modifies certain lighting or safety-glazing equipment unless the device complies with Section 26104.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 16. Equipment Testing [26100 - 26106] ( Article 16 repealed and added by Stats. 1979, Ch. 723. ) ## 26101. (a) A person shall not sell or offer for sale for use upon or as part of the equipment of a vehicle any device that is intended to modify the original design or performance of any lighting equipment, safety glazing material, or other device, unless the modifying device meets the provisions of Section 26104. (b) A person shall not use upon a vehicle, and a person shall not drive a vehicle upon a highway that has installed a device that is intended to modify the original design or performance of a lighting, safety glazing material, or other device, unless the modifying device complies with Section 26104. (c) This section does not apply to a taillamp or stop lamp in use on or prior to December 1, 1935, or to lamps installed on authorized emergency vehicles. (Amended by Stats. 2010, Ch. 491, Sec. 45. (SB 1318) Effective January 1, 2011.)
  107. 26102.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 16. Equipment Testing [26100 - 26106] ( Article 16 repealed and added by Stats. 1979, Ch. 723. )

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    If equipment already in use meets the code or a department regulation, a later regulation cannot require replacing it and applies only to equipment installed after that regulation takes effect.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 16. Equipment Testing [26100 - 26106] ( Article 16 repealed and added by Stats. 1979, Ch. 723. ) ## 26102. In the event any equipment in actual use meets the requirements of this code or a department regulation adopted pursuant to this code, a subsequent regulation shall not require the replacement of the equipment and shall be applicable only to equipment installed after the effective date of the regulation. (Repealed and added by Stats. 1979, Ch. 723.)
  108. 26103.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 16. Equipment Testing [26100 - 26106] ( Article 16 repealed and added by Stats. 1979, Ch. 723. )

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    The department may set safety standards for certain vehicle equipment, and it must adopt regulations for permitted lighting devices using SAE standards by reference. People may sell or use a device that meets a revised standard, and some manufacturer-certified original equipment and identical replacements do not need department certification.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 16. Equipment Testing [26100 - 26106] ( Article 16 repealed and added by Stats. 1979, Ch. 723. ) ## 26103. (a) The department may adopt and enforce regulations establishing standards and specifications for safety belts, safety glazing material, safety helmets, sirens, tire traction devices, bunk stakes, and synthetic binders. The standards and specifications may include installation and aiming requirements. (b) Notwithstanding rulemaking provisions of the Administrative Procedure Act (Chapter 3.5 (commencing with Section 11340) of Part 1 of Division 3 of Title 2 of the Government Code), the department shall adopt regulations for lighting devices permitted by this code and incorporate by reference the applicable standards published by SAE International for these devices and a corresponding publication date. Notwithstanding the specified publication date, a person may sell or use upon a vehicle a device meeting the requirements of a revised standard. (c) A federal motor vehicle safety standard adopted pursuant to Chapter 301 (commencing with Section 30101) of Part A of Subtitle VI of Title 49 of the United States Code that covers the same aspect of performance of a device shall prevail over provisions of this code or regulations adopted pursuant to this code. Lamps, devices, and equipment certified by the manufacturer to meet applicable federal motor vehicle safety standards as original equipment on new vehicles and the identical replacements for those items need not be certified to the department. (Amended by Stats. 2021, Ch. 311, Sec. 7. (SB 814) Effective January 1, 2022.)
  109. 26104.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 16. Equipment Testing [26100 - 26106] ( Article 16 repealed and added by Stats. 1979, Ch. 723. )

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    Manufacturers covered by this section must have laboratory test data showing compliance before offering the device for sale.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 16. Equipment Testing [26100 - 26106] ( Article 16 repealed and added by Stats. 1979, Ch. 723. ) ## 26104. (a) Every manufacturer who sells, offers for sale, or manufactures for use upon a vehicle devices subject to requirements established by the department shall, before the device is offered for sale, have laboratory test data showing compliance with such requirements. Tests may be conducted by the manufacturer. (b) The department may at any time request from the manufacturer a copy of the test data showing proof of compliance of any device with the requirements established by the department and additional evidence that due care was exercised in maintaining compliance during production. If the manufacturer fails to provide such proof of compliance within 30 days of notice from the department, the department may prohibit the sale of the device in this state until acceptable proof of compliance is received by the department. (Amended by Stats. 1980, Ch. 399, Sec. 8. Effective July 11, 1980.)
  110. 26105.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 16. Equipment Testing [26100 - 26106] ( Article 16 repealed and added by Stats. 1979, Ch. 723. )

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    The department may buy vehicle equipment and test or retest it for compliance with the code and department regulations.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 16. Equipment Testing [26100 - 26106] ( Article 16 repealed and added by Stats. 1979, Ch. 723. ) ## 26105. The department may purchase any equipment sold for use on vehicles and test or retest the same as to conformance with the requirements of this code and department regulations adopted pursuant to this code and any expense incurred in such purchase and test shall be a legal charge against the Motor Vehicle Fund. (Repealed and added by Stats. 1979, Ch. 723.)
  111. 26106.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 16. Equipment Testing [26100 - 26106] ( Article 16 repealed and added by Stats. 1979, Ch. 723. )

    Verify source ↗

    The department may issue permits allowing equipment to be used for experimental purposes, and use under the permit is not a violation of the code.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 2. Lighting Equipment [24250 - 26106] ( Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 16. Equipment Testing [26100 - 26106] ( Article 16 repealed and added by Stats. 1979, Ch. 723. ) ## 26106. The department may issue a permit for the use of equipment for experimental purposes. The use of such equipment under the permit is not a violation of this code. (Repealed and added by Stats. 1979, Ch. 723.)
  112. 26301.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 3. Brakes [26301 - 26522] ( Chapter 3 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 1. Brake Requirements [26301 - 26311] ( Article 1 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

    Verify source ↗

    Certain motor vehicles first registered in this state after January 1, 1940 must have power brakes if they weigh more than 14,000 pounds.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 3. Brakes [26301 - 26522] ( Chapter 3 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 1. Brake Requirements [26301 - 26311] ( Article 1 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 26301. Any motor vehicle first registered in this state after January 1, 1940, shall be equipped with power brakes if its gross weight exceeds 14,000 pounds, except that any such vehicle having a gross weight of less than 18,000 pounds may, in lieu of power brakes, be equipped with two-stage hydraulic actuators of a type designed to increase braking effect of its brakes. (Amended by Stats. 1982, Ch. 789, Sec. 1.)
  113. 26301.5.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 3. Brakes [26301 - 26522] ( Chapter 3 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 1. Brake Requirements [26301 - 26311] ( Article 1 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

    Verify source ↗

    Certain passenger vehicles made and first registered after January 1, 1973 must have an emergency brake system that prevents total brake failure from a single pressure-component rupture or leak, except for motorcycles and specified structural failures.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 3. Brakes [26301 - 26522] ( Chapter 3 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 1. Brake Requirements [26301 - 26311] ( Article 1 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 26301.5. Every passenger vehicle manufactured and first registered after January 1, 1973, except motorcycles, shall be equipped with an emergency brake system so constructed that rupture or leakage-type failure of any single pressure component of the service brake system, except structural failures of the brake master cylinder body or effectiveness indicator body, shall not result in complete loss of function of the vehicle’s brakes when force on the brake pedal is continued. (Added by Stats. 1971, Ch. 1110.)
  114. 26302.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 3. Brakes [26301 - 26522] ( Chapter 3 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 1. Brake Requirements [26301 - 26311] ( Article 1 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

    Verify source ↗

    Certain trailers and semitrailers must have brakes, with stricter brake placement rules for heavier or newer vehicles, and the brakes must be sufficient to meet stopping-distance requirements.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 3. Brakes [26301 - 26522] ( Chapter 3 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 1. Brake Requirements [26301 - 26311] ( Article 1 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 26302. (a) Every trailer or semitrailer, manufactured and first registered after January 1, 1940, and having a gross weight of 6,000 pounds or more and which is operated at a speed of 20 miles per hour or over shall be equipped with brakes. (b) Every trailer or semitrailer manufactured and first registered after January 1, 1966, and having a gross weight of 3,000 pounds or more shall be equipped with brakes on at least two wheels. (c) Every trailer or semitrailer manufactured after January 1, 1982, and equipped with air brakes shall be equipped with brakes on all wheels. (d) Brakes required on trailers or semitrailers shall be adequate, supplemental to the brakes on the towing vehicle, to enable the combination of vehicles to comply with the stopping distance requirements of Section 26454. (e) The provisions of this section shall not apply to any vehicle being used to support the boom or mast attached to a mobile crane or shovel. (Amended by Stats. 1981, Ch. 774, Sec. 6.)
  115. 26303.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 3. Brakes [26301 - 26522] ( Chapter 3 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 1. Brake Requirements [26301 - 26311] ( Article 1 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    Certain trailer coaches and camp trailers must have brakes on at least two wheels.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 3. Brakes [26301 - 26522] ( Chapter 3 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 1. Brake Requirements [26301 - 26311] ( Article 1 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 26303. Every trailer coach and every camp trailer having a gross weight of 1,500 pounds or more, but exclusive of passengers, shall be equipped with brakes on at least two wheels which are adequate, supplemental to the brakes on the towing vehicle, to enable the combination of vehicles to comply with the stopping distance requirements of Section 26454. (Amended by Stats. 1971, Ch. 1536.)
  116. 26304.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 3. Brakes [26301 - 26522] ( Chapter 3 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 1. Brake Requirements [26301 - 26311] ( Article 1 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    Certain trailers, semitrailers, trucks, and truck tractors must have brakes that work automatically or can stop the vehicle if a towed vehicle breaks away.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 3. Brakes [26301 - 26522] ( Chapter 3 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 1. Brake Requirements [26301 - 26311] ( Article 1 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 26304. (a) Power brakes on any trailer or semitrailer manufactured after December 31, 1955, operated over public highways and required to be equipped with brakes shall be designed to be automatically applied upon breakaway from the towing vehicle and shall be capable of stopping and holding such vehicle stationary for not less than 15 minutes. (b) Every new truck or truck tractor manufactured after December 31, 1955, operated over public highways and used in towing a vehicle shall be equipped with service brakes capable of stopping the truck or truck tractor in the event of breakaway of the towed vehicle. (Amended by Stats. 1972, Ch. 733.)
  117. 26305.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 3. Brakes [26301 - 26522] ( Chapter 3 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 1. Brake Requirements [26301 - 26311] ( Article 1 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    Auxiliary dollies and tow dollies may be equipped with brakes.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 3. Brakes [26301 - 26522] ( Chapter 3 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 1. Brake Requirements [26301 - 26311] ( Article 1 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 26305. Any auxiliary dolly or tow dolly may be equipped with brakes. (Amended by Stats. 1983, Ch. 708, Sec. 9.)
  118. 26307.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 3. Brakes [26301 - 26522] ( Chapter 3 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 1. Brake Requirements [26301 - 26311] ( Article 1 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    A forklift truck made after January 1, 1970, may not be towed unless it has adequate brakes on the wheels of the rearmost axle while being towed.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 3. Brakes [26301 - 26522] ( Chapter 3 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 1. Brake Requirements [26301 - 26311] ( Article 1 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 26307. No forklift truck manufactured after January 1, 1970, shall be towed behind another vehicle unless it is equipped with brakes on the wheels of the rearmost axle when the forklift truck is in the towing position, which brakes shall be adequate, supplemental to the brakes on the towing vehicle, to enable the combination of vehicles to comply with the stopping distance requirements of Section 26454. (Added by Stats. 1969, Ch. 132.)
  119. 26311.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 3. Brakes [26301 - 26522] ( Chapter 3 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 1. Brake Requirements [26301 - 26311] ( Article 1 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    Most motor vehicles must have service brakes on all wheels, with listed exemptions and special rules for certain older or specialized vehicles.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 3. Brakes [26301 - 26522] ( Chapter 3 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 1. Brake Requirements [26301 - 26311] ( Article 1 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 26311. (a) Every motor vehicle shall be equipped with service brakes on all wheels in contact with the roadway, except as follows: (1) Trucks and truck tractors manufactured before July 25, 1980, having three or more axles need not have brakes on the front wheels, except when such vehicles are equipped with at least two steerable axles, the wheels of one such axle need not be equipped with brakes. (2) The final towed vehicle in a triple saddle-mount driveaway-towaway operation. (3) Any vehicle manufactured prior to 1930. (4) Any two-axle truck tractor manufactured prior to 1964. (5) Any sidecar attached to a motorcycle. (6) Any motorcycle manufactured prior to 1966. Such motorcycle shall be equipped with brakes on at least one wheel. (b) Any bus, truck, or truck tractor may be equipped with a manual or automatic means for reducing the braking effort on the front wheels. The manual means shall be used only when operating under adverse road conditions, such as wet, snowy, or icy roads. (c) Vehicles and combinations of vehicles exempted in subdivisions (a) and (b) from the requirements of brakes on all wheels shall comply with the stopping distance requirements of Section 26454. (Amended by Stats. 2015, Ch. 451, Sec. 53. (SB 491) Effective January 1, 2016.)
  120. 26450.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 3. Brakes [26301 - 26522] ( Chapter 3 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 2. Operation of Brakes [26450 - 26458.5] ( Article 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    Motor vehicles must have a service brake system; non-motorcycle motor vehicles must also have a parking brake system.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 3. Brakes [26301 - 26522] ( Chapter 3 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 2. Operation of Brakes [26450 - 26458.5] ( Article 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 26450. Every motor vehicle shall be equipped with a service brake system and every motor vehicle, other than a motorcycle, shall be equipped with a parking brake system. Both the service brake and parking brake shall be separately applied. If the two systems are connected in any way, they shall be so constructed that failure of any one part, except failure in the drums, brakeshoes, or other mechanical parts of the wheel brake assemblies, shall not leave the motor vehicle without operative brakes. (Amended by Stats. 1967, Ch. 369.)
  121. 26451.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 3. Brakes [26301 - 26522] ( Chapter 3 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 2. Operation of Brakes [26450 - 26458.5] ( Article 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    Every motor vehicle’s parking brake system must meet specified performance and design requirements.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 3. Brakes [26301 - 26522] ( Chapter 3 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 2. Operation of Brakes [26450 - 26458.5] ( Article 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 26451. The parking brake system of every motor vehicle shall comply with the following requirements: (a) The parking brake shall be adequate to hold the vehicle or combination of vehicles stationary on any grade on which it is operated under all conditions of loading on a surface free from snow, ice or loose material. In any event the parking brake shall be capable of locking the braked wheels to the limit of traction. (b) The parking brake shall be applied either by the driver’s muscular efforts, by spring action, or by other energy which is isolated and used exclusively for the operation of the parking brake or the combination parking brake and emergency stopping system. (c) The parking brake shall be held in the applied position solely by mechanical means. (Amended by Stats. 1981, Ch. 774, Sec. 8.)
  122. 26452.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 3. Brakes [26301 - 26522] ( Chapter 3 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 2. Operation of Brakes [26450 - 26458.5] ( Article 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    All motor vehicles must be equipped so the brakes can be applied at least once to stop the vehicle within the legal stopping distance after engine failure.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 3. Brakes [26301 - 26522] ( Chapter 3 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 2. Operation of Brakes [26450 - 26458.5] ( Article 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 26452. All motor vehicles shall be so equipped as to permit application of the brakes at least once for the purpose of bringing the vehicle to a stop within the legal stopping distance after the engine has become inoperative. (Enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3.)
  123. 26453.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 3. Brakes [26301 - 26522] ( Chapter 3 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 2. Operation of Brakes [26450 - 26458.5] ( Article 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    Brakes and their parts must be kept in good condition and working order, and adjusted to operate as evenly as practicable on both sides of the vehicle.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 3. Brakes [26301 - 26522] ( Chapter 3 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 2. Operation of Brakes [26450 - 26458.5] ( Article 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 26453. All brakes and component parts thereof shall be maintained in good condition and in good working order. The brakes shall be so adjusted as to operate as equally as practicable with respect to the wheels on opposite sides of the vehicle. (Amended by Stats. 1959, Ch. 2183.)
  124. 26454.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 3. Brakes [26301 - 26522] ( Chapter 3 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 2. Operation of Brakes [26450 - 26458.5] ( Article 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    Vehicles must have service brakes that can control, stop, and hold them, and must meet specified stopping-distance, braking-force, deceleration, and emergency-brake performance standards.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 3. Brakes [26301 - 26522] ( Chapter 3 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 2. Operation of Brakes [26450 - 26458.5] ( Article 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 26454. (a) The service brakes of every motor vehicle or combination of vehicles shall be adequate to control the movement of and to stop and hold the vehicle or combination of vehicles under all conditions of loading. (b) Every motor vehicle or combination of vehicles, at any time and under all conditions of loading, shall, upon application of the service brake, be capable of stopping from an initial speed of 20 miles per hour according to the following requirements: Maximum Stopping Distance (feet) (1) Passenger-carrying vehicles with a seating capacity of 10 or fewer persons, including the driver, and built on a passenger car chassis ........................ 20 (2) Passenger-carrying vehicles with a seating capacity of more than 10 persons, including the driver, and built on a passenger car chassis; vehicles built on a truck or bus chassis and having a GVWR of 10,000 pounds or less ........................ 25 (3) All other passenger-carrying vehicles ........................ 35 (4) Single-unit property-carrying vehicles having a GVWR of 10,000 pounds or less ........................ 25 (5) Single-unit property-carrying vehicles having a GVWR of more than 10,000 pounds, except truck tractors; combinations of a 2-axle towing vehicle and trailer having a GVWR of 3,000 pounds or less; all combinations of 2 or fewer vehicles in driveaway or towaway operation ........................ 35 (6) All other property-carrying vehicles and combinations of property-carrying vehicles ........................ 40 (c) Every motor vehicle or combination of vehicles, at any time and under all conditions of loading, shall, upon application of the service brake, be capable of developing a braking force at least equal to the percentage of its gross weight according to the following requirements: Braking force as a percentage of gross vehicle or combination weight (1) Passenger-carrying vehicles with a seating capacity of 10 or fewer persons, including the driver, and built on a passenger car chassis ........................ 65.2 (2) Passenger-carrying vehicles with a seating capacity of more than 10 persons, including driver, and built on a passenger car chassis; vehicles built on a truck or bus chassis and having a GVWR of 10,000 pounds or less ........................ 52.8 (3) All other passenger-carrying vehicles ........................ 43.5 (4) Single-unit property-carrying vehicles having a GVWR of 10,000 pounds or less ........................ 52.8 (5) Single-unit property-carrying vehicles having a GVWR of more than 10,000 pounds, except truck tractors; combinations of a 2-axle towing vehicle and trailer having a GVWR of 3,000 pounds or less; all combinations of 2 or fewer vehicles in driveaway or towaway operation ........................ 43.5 (6) All other property-carrying vehicles and combinations of property-carrying vehicles ........................ 43.5 (d) Every motor vehicle or combination of vehicles, at any time and under all conditions off loading, shall, upon application of the service brake, be capable of decelerating to a stop from 20 miles per hour at not less than the rate specified in the following requirements: Deceleration in feet per second (1) Passenger-carrying vehicles with a seating capacity of 10 or fewer persons, including the driver, and built on a passenger car chassis ........................ 21 (2) Passenger-carrying vehicles with a seating capacity of more than 10 persons, including the driver, and built on a passenger car chassis; vehicles built on a truck or bus chassis and having a GVWR of 10,000 pounds or less ........................ 17 (3) All other passenger-carrying vehicles ........................ 14 (4) Single-unit property-carrying vehicles having a GVWR of 10,000 pounds or less ........................ 17 (5) Single-unit property-carrying vehicles having a GVWR of more than 10,000 pounds, except truck tractors; combinations of a 2-axle towing vehicle and trailer having a GVWR of 3,000 pounds or less; all combinations of 2 or fewer vehicles in driveaway or towaway operation ........................ 14 (6) All other property-carrying vehicles and combinations of property-carrying vehicles ........................ 14 (e) Upon application of its service brakes, a motor vehicle or combination of motor vehicles shall, under any condition of loading in which it is found on a public highway, be capable of stopping within the distance specified in subdivision (b) and developing only the braking force specified in subdivision (c), if braking force is measured by a performance-based brake tester that meets the requirements of functional specifications for performance-based brake testers for commercial motor vehicles and braking force is the sum of the braking force at each wheel of the vehicle or vehicle combination as a percentage of gross vehicle or combination weight. (f) Upon application of its emergency brake system and with no other brake system applied, a motor vehicle or combination of motor vehicles shall, under any condition of loading in which it is found on a public highway, be capable of stopping from 20 miles per hour in a distance, measured from the point at which movement of the emergency brake control begins, that is not greater than the distance specified in the following: Maximum Stopping Distance (feet) (1) Passenger-carrying vehicles with a seating capacity of 10 or fewer persons, including the driver, and built on a passenger car chassis ........................ 54 (2) Passenger-carrying vehicles with a seating capacity of more than 10 persons, including the driver, and built on a passenger car chassis; vehicles built on a truck or bus chassis and having a GVWR of 10,000 pounds or less ........................ 66 (3) All other passenger-carrying vehicles ........................ 85 (4) Single-unit property-carrying vehicles having a GVWR of 10,000 pounds or less ........................ 66 (5) Single-unit property-carrying vehicles having a GVWR of more than 10,000 pounds, except truck tractors; combinations of a 2-axle towing vehicle and trailer having a GVWR of 3,000 pounds or less; all combinations of 2 or fewer vehicles in driveaway or towaway operation ........................ 85 (6) All other property-carrying vehicles and combinations of property-carrying vehicles ........................ 90 (g) Conformity to the stopping-distance requirements of this section shall be determined under the following conditions: (1) Any test shall be made with the vehicle on a hard surface that is substantially level, dry, smooth, and free of loose material. (2) The vehicle shall be in the center of a 12-foot-wide lane when the test begins and shall not deviate from that lane during the test. (h) For purposes of this section, “GVWR” means the manufacturer’s gross vehicle weight rating, as defined in Section 350. (Amended by Stats. 2016, Ch. 208, Sec. 21. (AB 2906) Effective January 1, 2017.)
  125. 26455.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 3. Brakes [26301 - 26522] ( Chapter 3 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 2. Operation of Brakes [26450 - 26458.5] ( Article 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    For certain property-hauling motor vehicles without a gross vehicle weight rating plate or marker, wheel count determines the vehicle’s equivalent weight for stopping-distance requirements.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 3. Brakes [26301 - 26522] ( Chapter 3 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 2. Operation of Brakes [26450 - 26458.5] ( Article 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 26455. In respect to any motor vehicle designed, used or maintained primarily for the transportation of property which is not equipped with a plate or marker showing the manufacturer’s gross vehicle weight rating, for purposes of stopping distance requirements, the weight of a vehicle shall be determined as follows: (a) Any motor vehicle having less than six wheels is the equivalent of a vehicle having a manufacturer’s gross vehicle weight rating of less than 10,000 pounds. (b) Any motor vehicle having six wheels or more is the equivalent of a vehicle having a manufacturer’s gross vehicle weight rating of 10,000 pounds or more. (Enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3.)
  126. 26456.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 3. Brakes [26301 - 26522] ( Chapter 3 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 2. Operation of Brakes [26450 - 26458.5] ( Article 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    Brake performance tests must be run on a suitable road and, if on a highway, not above 25 miles per hour.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 3. Brakes [26301 - 26522] ( Chapter 3 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 2. Operation of Brakes [26450 - 26458.5] ( Article 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 26456. Stopping distance requirement tests shall be conducted on a substantially level, dry, smooth, hard-surfaced road that is free from loose material and where the grade does not exceed plus or minus 1 percent. Stopping distance shall be measured from the instant brake controls are moved and from an initial speed of approximately 20 miles per hour. No test of brake performance shall be made upon a highway at a speed in excess of 25 miles per hour. (Enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3.)
  127. 26457.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 3. Brakes [26301 - 26522] ( Chapter 3 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 2. Operation of Brakes [26450 - 26458.5] ( Article 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    Some listed vehicles and equipment are exempt from stopping-distance requirements; if they cannot stop within 32 feet from 15 miles per hour, they must not be operated at a speed that would exceed that stopping ability.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 3. Brakes [26301 - 26522] ( Chapter 3 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 2. Operation of Brakes [26450 - 26458.5] ( Article 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 26457. Special mobile equipment, logging vehicles, equipment operated under special permit, and any chassis without body or load are not subject to stopping distance requirements, but if any such vehicle or equipment cannot be stopped within 32 feet from an initial speed of 15 miles per hour, it shall not be operated at a speed in excess of that permitting a stop in 32 feet. (Amended by Stats. 1975, Ch. 517.)
  128. 26458.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 3. Brakes [26301 - 26522] ( Chapter 3 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 2. Operation of Brakes [26450 - 26458.5] ( Article 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    Towing vehicles must have a braking control that operates all service brakes in the towing combination when the stated power-brake conditions exist.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 3. Brakes [26301 - 26522] ( Chapter 3 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 2. Operation of Brakes [26450 - 26458.5] ( Article 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 26458. (a) The braking system on every motor vehicle used to tow another vehicle shall be so arranged that one control on the towing vehicle shall, when applied, operate all the service brakes on the power unit and combination of vehicles when either or both of the following conditions exist: (1) The towing vehicle is required to be equipped with power brakes. (2) The towed vehicle is required to be equipped with brakes and is equipped with power brakes. (b) Subdivision (a) shall not be construed to prohibit motor vehicles from being equipped with an additional control to be used to operate the brakes on the trailer or trailers. (c) Subdivision (a) does not apply to any of the following combinations of vehicles, if the combination of vehicles meets the stopping distance requirements of Section 26454: (1) Vehicles engaged in driveaway-towaway operations. (2) Disabled vehicles, while being towed. (3) Towed motor vehicles. (4) Trailers equipped with inertially controlled brakes which are designed to be applied automatically upon breakaway from the towing vehicle and which are capable of stopping and holding the trailer stationary for not less than 15 minutes. (Amended by Stats. 1991, Ch. 121, Sec. 1.)
  129. 26458.5.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 3. Brakes [26301 - 26522] ( Chapter 3 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 2. Operation of Brakes [26450 - 26458.5] ( Article 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    If a vehicle has an extra control for trailer brakes, it cannot be used instead of the service brake control unless the service brake system fails.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 3. Brakes [26301 - 26522] ( Chapter 3 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 2. Operation of Brakes [26450 - 26458.5] ( Article 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 26458.5. Pursuant to Section 26458, whenever a motor vehicle is equipped with an additional control to operate the brakes on a trailer, that control shall not be used in lieu of the service brake control, except in the case of failure of the service brake system. (Added by Stats. 1989, Ch. 316, Sec. 1.)
  130. 265.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 1. WORDS AND PHRASES DEFINED [100 - 681] ( Division 1 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    This section defines “commissioner” as the Commissioner of the California Highway Patrol.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 1. WORDS AND PHRASES DEFINED [100 - 681] ( Division 1 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 265. The “commissioner” is the Commissioner of the California Highway Patrol. (Enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3.)
  131. 26502.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 3. Brakes [26301 - 26522] ( Chapter 3 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Airbrakes [26502 - 26508] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1959, Ch. 420. )

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    Airbrakes on motor vehicles and vehicle combinations must be adjusted and maintained so they can provide full service braking at all times, unless a stated exception applies. The department may also authorize certain fail-safe systems by regulation.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 3. Brakes [26301 - 26522] ( Chapter 3 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Airbrakes [26502 - 26508] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1959, Ch. 420. ) ## 26502. (a) Airbrakes of every motor vehicle and combination of vehicles shall be so adjusted and maintained as to be capable of providing full service brake application at all times except as provided in subdivision (b) of Section 26311. A full service brake application shall deliver to all brake chambers not less than 90 percent of the air reservoir pressure remaining with the brakes applied. (b) The department may by regulation authorize the use of special devices or systems to automatically reduce the maximum air pressure delivered to the brake chambers in order to compensate for load variation and to obtain balanced braking. Permitted systems shall be of the fail safe type and shall not increase the vehicle stopping distance. (Repealed and added by Stats. 1965, Ch. 1789.)
  132. 26503.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 3. Brakes [26301 - 26522] ( Chapter 3 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Airbrakes [26502 - 26508] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1959, Ch. 420. )

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    Vehicles with air brakes must have a standard safety valve installed and maintained to meet specified pressure behavior. The department may set a higher opening pressure by regulation for certain systems.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 3. Brakes [26301 - 26522] ( Chapter 3 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Airbrakes [26502 - 26508] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1959, Ch. 420. ) ## 26503. Every motor vehicle equipped with airbrakes or equipped to operate airbrakes on towed vehicles shall be equipped with a standard type safety valve which shall be installed so as to have an uninterrupted connection with the air reservoir or tank. It shall be adjusted and maintained so that it will open and discharge the air system under any condition at a pressure of not to exceed 150 pounds per square inch and close and reseat itself at a point above the maximum air governor setting. The department may by regulation prescribe a higher maximum opening pressure for air pressure systems designed for, and capable of safely operating with, pressure safety valves with a higher opening pressure. (Amended by Stats. 1967, Ch. 1578.)
  133. 26504.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 3. Brakes [26301 - 26522] ( Chapter 3 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Airbrakes [26502 - 26508] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1959, Ch. 420. )

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    Vehicles with airbrakes must have air governor pressures adjusted to department-prescribed limits, and the department sets those pressure limits by regulation.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 3. Brakes [26301 - 26522] ( Chapter 3 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Airbrakes [26502 - 26508] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1959, Ch. 420. ) ## 26504. The air governor cut-in and cut-out pressures of every motor vehicle equipped with airbrakes or equipped to operate airbrakes on towed vehicles shall be adjusted so that the maximum pressure in the air system and the minimum cut-in pressure shall be within limits prescribed by the department. In adopting regulations specifying such pressures the department shall consider the safe operating capacities of the various airbrake systems which are now or may be used on motor vehicles and shall be guided by the designed capabilities of those systems. (Amended by Stats. 1967, Ch. 1578.)
  134. 26505.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 3. Brakes [26301 - 26522] ( Chapter 3 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Airbrakes [26502 - 26508] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1959, Ch. 420. )

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    Vehicles with airbrakes, or set up to operate airbrakes on towed vehicles, must have a properly constructed pressure gauge kept in working order and readable from the driver’s seat.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 3. Brakes [26301 - 26522] ( Chapter 3 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Airbrakes [26502 - 26508] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1959, Ch. 420. ) ## 26505. A motor vehicle equipped with airbrakes or equipped to operate airbrakes on towed vehicles shall be equipped with a pressure gauge of reliable and satisfactory construction and maintained in an efficient working condition, accurate within 10 percent of the actual air reservoir pressure, and visible and legible to a person when seated in the driving position. (Amended by Stats. 2010, Ch. 491, Sec. 46. (SB 1318) Effective January 1, 2011.)
  135. 26506.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 3. Brakes [26301 - 26522] ( Chapter 3 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Airbrakes [26502 - 26508] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1959, Ch. 420. )

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    Motor vehicle airbrake systems must have a low air pressure warning device, and the device must warn the driver visibly or audibly when pressure falls below the specified range.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 3. Brakes [26301 - 26522] ( Chapter 3 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Airbrakes [26502 - 26508] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1959, Ch. 420. ) ## 26506. (a) Every motor vehicle airbrake system used to operate the brakes on a motor vehicle or on a towed vehicle shall be equipped with a low air pressure warning device that complies with either the requirements set forth in the Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards in effect at the time of manufacture or the requirements of subdivision (b). (b) The device shall be readily visible or audible to the driver and shall give a satisfactory continuous warning when the air supply pressure drops below a fixed pressure, which shall be not more than 75 pounds per square inch nor less than 55 pounds per square inch with the engine running. A gauge indicating pressure shall not satisfy this requirement. (Amended by Stats. 1992, Ch. 1241, Sec. 25. Effective January 1, 1993.)
  136. 26507.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 3. Brakes [26301 - 26522] ( Chapter 3 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Airbrakes [26502 - 26508] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1959, Ch. 420. )

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    A check valve must be installed and kept in proper condition in the air supply piping of every airbrake-equipped motor vehicle, with specified placement options.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 3. Brakes [26301 - 26522] ( Chapter 3 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Airbrakes [26502 - 26508] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1959, Ch. 420. ) ## 26507. A check valve shall be installed and properly maintained in the air supply piping of every motor vehicle equipped with airbrakes, either between the air compressor and the first reservoir or tank immediately adjacent to the air intake of said reservoir, or between No. 1 reservoir (wet tank) and No. 2 reservoir (dry tank) immediately adjacent to the air intake of the No. 2 reservoir; provided, that the air supply for the brakes is not drawn from the No. 1 reservoir and that the No. 1 and No. 2 reservoirs are connected by only one pipeline. (Added by Stats. 1959, Ch. 510.)
  137. 26508.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 3. Brakes [26301 - 26522] ( Chapter 3 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Airbrakes [26502 - 26508] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1959, Ch. 420. )

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    Vehicles using compressed air brakes must have an emergency stopping system, and owners, lessees, and drivers must follow specific setup and handling rules.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 3. Brakes [26301 - 26522] ( Chapter 3 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Airbrakes [26502 - 26508] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1959, Ch. 420. ) ## 26508. Every vehicle or combination of vehicles using compressed air at the wheels for applying the service brakes shall be equipped with an emergency stopping system meeting the requirements of this section and capable of stopping the vehicle or combination of vehicles in the event of failure in the service brake air system as follows: (a) Every motor vehicle operated either singly or in a combination of vehicles and every towed vehicle shall be equipped with an emergency stopping system. (b) Motor vehicles used to tow vehicles that use compressed air at the wheels for applying the service brakes shall be equipped with a device or devices with both a manual and automatic means of actuating the emergency stopping system on the towed vehicle as follows: (1) The automatic device shall operate automatically in the event of reduction of the service brake air supply of the towing vehicle to a fixed pressure which shall be not lower than 20 pounds per square inch nor higher than 45 pounds per square inch. (2) The manual device shall be readily operable by a person seated in the driver’s seat, with its emergency position or method of operation clearly indicated. In no instance may the manual means be so arranged as to permit its use to prevent operation of the automatic means. (c) Motor vehicles manufactured prior to 1964 shall be deemed to be in compliance with subdivisions (e) and (f) when equipped with axle-by-axle protected airbrakes using a separate air tank system for each of at least two axles, provided that each system independently meets all other requirements of this section. Each system shall be capable of being manually applied, released, and reapplied from the driver’s seat but shall not be capable of being released from the driver’s seat after any reapplication unless there is available a means which can be applied from the driver’s seat to stop and hold the vehicle or combination of vehicles. (d) Towed vehicles shall be deemed to be in compliance with this section when: (1) The towed vehicle is equipped with a no-bleed-back relay-emergency valve or equivalent device, so designed that the supply reservoir used to provide air for the brakes is safeguarded against backflow of air from the reservoir through the supply line, (2) The brakes are applied automatically and promptly upon breakaway from the towing vehicle and maintain application for at least 15 minutes, and (3) The combination of vehicles is capable of stopping within the distance and under the conditions specified in Section 26454. (e) If the service brake system and the emergency stopping system are connected in any way, they shall be so constructed that a failure or malfunction in any one part of either system, including brake chamber diaphragm failure but not including failure in the drums, brake shoes, or other mechanical parts of the wheel brake assemblies, shall not leave the vehicle without one operative stopping system capable of complying with the performance requirements in Section 26454. (f) Every emergency stopping system shall be designed so that it is capable of being manually applied, released, and reapplied by a person seated in the driver’s seat. The system shall be designed so that it cannot be released from the driver’s seat after any reapplication unless immediate further application can be made from the driver’s seat to stop and hold the vehicle or combination of vehicles. The emergency stopping system may also be applied automatically. (g) A vehicle or combination of vehicles upon failure of the service brake air system shall not be driven on a highway under its own power except to the extent necessary to move the vehicles off the roadway to the nearest place of safety. (h) A vehicle or combination of vehicles shall not be equipped with an emergency stopping system that creates a hazard on the highway, or increases the service brake stopping distance of a vehicle or combination of vehicles, or interferes in any way with the application of the service brakes on any vehicle or combination of vehicles. (i) Any energy-storing device which is a part of the emergency stopping system shall be designed so that it is recharged or reset from the course of compressed air or other energy produced by the vehicle, except that energy to release the emergency stopping system may be produced by the driver’s muscular effort from the driver’s seat. A device shall not be used that can be set to prevent automatic delivery of air to protected air supply reservoirs of motor vehicle emergency stopping systems when air is available in the service brake air supply system. (j) Any vehicle manufactured on or after January 1, 1964, which uses axle-by-axle protected airbrakes as the emergency stopping system shall use a separate air tank system for each axle, except that motor vehicles equipped with a dual or tandem treadle valve system need have no more than two protected air tanks in such system, one for each valve. (k) This section does not apply to any of the following: (1) Auxiliary dollies, special mobile equipment, or special construction equipment. (2) Motor vehicles which are operated in a driveaway-towaway operation and not registered in this state. (3) Disabled vehicles when being towed. (4) Vehicles which are operated under a one-trip permit as provided in Section 4003. (5) Vehicles which because of unladen width, length, height or weight may not be moved upon the highway without the permit specified in Section 35780. (l) Every owner or lessee shall instruct and require that the driver be thoroughly familiar with the requirements of this section. The driver of a vehicle or combination of vehicles required to comply with the requirements of this section shall be able to demonstrate the application and release of the emergency system on the vehicle and each vehicle in the combination. (Amended by Stats. 2016, Ch. 208, Sec. 22. (AB 2906) Effective January 1, 2017.)
  138. 26520.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 3. Brakes [26301 - 26522] ( Chapter 3 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 4. Vacuum Brakes [26520 - 26522] ( Article 4 added by Stats. 1963, Ch. 386. )

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    Vehicles with power brakes and vacuum or vacuum-assisted brakes must have a properly maintained vacuum gauge that is accurate and visible to the driver.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 3. Brakes [26301 - 26522] ( Chapter 3 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 4. Vacuum Brakes [26520 - 26522] ( Article 4 added by Stats. 1963, Ch. 386. ) ## 26520. Motor vehicles required to be equipped with power brakes and which are equipped with vacuum or vacuum-assisted brakes shall be equipped with a properly maintained vacuum gauge of reliable and satisfactory construction, accurate within 10 percent of the actual vacuum in the supply reservoir, and visible and legible to the driver at all times. This section shall not apply to a two-axle motor truck operated singly. (Added by Stats. 1963, Ch. 386.)
  139. 26521.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 3. Brakes [26301 - 26522] ( Chapter 3 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 4. Vacuum Brakes [26520 - 26522] ( Article 4 added by Stats. 1963, Ch. 386. )

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    Some vehicles with power brakes and vacuum or vacuum-assisted brakes must have an audible or visible warning signal when vacuum drops to 8 inches of mercury or less.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 3. Brakes [26301 - 26522] ( Chapter 3 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 4. Vacuum Brakes [26520 - 26522] ( Article 4 added by Stats. 1963, Ch. 386. ) ## 26521. Motor vehicles required to be equipped with power brakes and equipped with vacuum or vacuum-assisted brakes and motor vehicles used to tow vehicles equipped with vacuum brakes or vacuum-assisted brakes shall be equipped with either an audible or visible warning signal to indicate readily to the driver when the vacuum drops to eight inches of mercury and less. A vacuum gauge shall not be deemed to meet this requirement. This section shall not apply to a two-axle motor truck operated singly nor to any motor vehicle manufactured prior to 1964. (Added by Stats. 1963, Ch. 386.)
  140. 26522.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 3. Brakes [26301 - 26522] ( Chapter 3 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 4. Vacuum Brakes [26520 - 26522] ( Article 4 added by Stats. 1963, Ch. 386. )

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    Vehicles with power brakes and vacuum or vacuum-assisted brakes must have a properly maintained check valve in the vacuum system.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 3. Brakes [26301 - 26522] ( Chapter 3 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 4. Vacuum Brakes [26520 - 26522] ( Article 4 added by Stats. 1963, Ch. 386. ) ## 26522. Vehicles required to be equipped with power brakes and equipped with vacuum or vacuum-assisted brakes shall have a check valve installed and properly maintained in the vacuum system between the source of vacuum and the vacuum reserve. (Added by Stats. 1963, Ch. 386.)
  141. 266.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 1. WORDS AND PHRASES DEFINED [100 - 681] ( Division 1 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    This section defines “consignment” for vehicles covered by the code.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 1. WORDS AND PHRASES DEFINED [100 - 681] ( Division 1 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 266. A “consignment” is an arrangement under which a dealer agrees to accept possession of a vehicle of a type required to be registered under this code from an owner for the purpose of selling the vehicle and to pay the owner or the owner’s designee from the proceeds of the sale. (Amended by Stats. 1991, Ch. 815, Sec. 1.)
  142. 267.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 1. WORDS AND PHRASES DEFINED [100 - 681] ( Division 1 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    This section defines “converter” as a person, other than a vehicle manufacturer, who before the retail sale of a new vehicle assembles, installs, or affixes a body, cab, or special equipment to the chassis, or substantially modifies certain previously assembled or manufactured new vehicles.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 1. WORDS AND PHRASES DEFINED [100 - 681] ( Division 1 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 267. A “converter” is a person, other than a vehicle manufacturer, who, prior to the retail sale of a new vehicle, does any of the following to the vehicle: (a) Assembles, installs, or affixes a body, cab, or special equipment to the vehicle chassis. (b) Substantially adds to, subtracts from, or modifies the vehicle, if it is a previously assembled or manufactured new vehicle. (Added by Stats. 1995, Ch. 211, Sec. 1. Effective January 1, 1996.)
  143. 26700.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 4. Windshields and Mirrors [26700 - 26712] ( Chapter 4 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    Most passenger vehicles, buses, trucks, and fire apparatus must have an adequate windshield, with stated exceptions.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 4. Windshields and Mirrors [26700 - 26712] ( Chapter 4 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 26700. (a) Except as provided in subdivision (b) or (c), a passenger vehicle, other than a motorcycle, and every bus, motortruck or truck tractor, and every firetruck, fire engine or other fire apparatus, whether publicly or privately owned, shall be equipped with an adequate windshield. (b) Subdivision (a) does not apply to any vehicle issued identification plates pursuant to Section 5004 which was not required to be equipped with a windshield at the time it was first sold or registered under the laws of this state, another state, or foreign jurisdiction. (c) This section does not apply to an autonomous vehicle, as defined in Section 38750, that is not capable of operation with a human occupant in the vehicle, provided that this exemption is consistent with, or authorized by, any applicable federal law, regulation, or exemption thereto. (Amended by Stats. 2021, Ch. 428, Sec. 5. (SB 570) Effective January 1, 2022.)
  144. 26701.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 4. Windshields and Mirrors [26700 - 26712] ( Chapter 4 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    People may not sell, offer for sale, or operate certain vehicles unless the required safety glazing material is installed, and red, blue, or amber translucent aftermarket material is not used in specified vehicle glazing areas.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 4. Windshields and Mirrors [26700 - 26712] ( Chapter 4 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 26701. (a) No person shall sell, offer for sale, or operate any motor vehicle, except a motorcycle, manufactured after January 1, 1936, unless it is equipped with safety glazing material wherever glazing materials are used in interior partitions, doors, windows, windshields, auxiliary wind deflectors or openings in the roof. (b) No person shall sell or offer for sale any camper manufactured after January 1, 1968, nor shall any person operate a motor vehicle registered in this state which is equipped with that camper, unless the camper is equipped with safety glazing materials wherever glazing materials are used in outside windows and doors, interior partitions, and openings in the roof. (c) No person shall operate a motorcycle manufactured after January 1, 1969, equipped with a windshield containing glazing material unless it is safety glazing material. (d) No person shall sell, offer for sale, or operate any motor vehicle equipped with red, blue, or amber translucent aftermarket material in any partitions, windows, windshields, or wind deflectors. (e) No person shall sell, offer for sale, or operate any trailer coach manufactured after January 1, 1977, that is capable of being towed with a fifth-wheel device unless the trailer coach is equipped with safety glazing materials wherever glazing materials are used in windows or doors, interior partitions, and openings in the roof. (Amended by Stats. 1993, Ch. 540, Sec. 2. Effective January 1, 1994.)
  145. 26703.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 4. Windshields and Mirrors [26700 - 26712] ( Chapter 4 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    No person may replace specified vehicle glazing unless the replacement material is safety glazing material.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 4. Windshields and Mirrors [26700 - 26712] ( Chapter 4 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 26703. (a) No person shall replace any glazing materials used in interior partitions, doors, windows, or openings in the roof in any motor vehicle, in the outside windows, doors, interior partitions, or openings in the roof of any camper, or in windows, doors, interior partitions, or openings in the roof of a trailer coach capable of being towed with a fifth-wheel device, with any glazing material other than safety glazing material. (b) No person shall replace any glazing material used in the windshield, rear window, auxiliary wind deflectors, or windows to the left and right of the driver with any material other than safety glazing material. (Amended by Stats. 1976, Ch. 900.)
  146. 26704.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 4. Windshields and Mirrors [26700 - 26712] ( Chapter 4 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    In this article, “safety glazing material” means safety glazing material of a type that meets requirements established by the department.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 4. Windshields and Mirrors [26700 - 26712] ( Chapter 4 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 26704. Wherever the term “safety glazing material” is used in this article, it means safety glazing material of a type meeting requirements established by the department. (Repealed and added by Stats. 1979, Ch. 723.)
  147. 26705.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 4. Windshields and Mirrors [26700 - 26712] ( Chapter 4 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    A person may not sell or offer for sale a motorcycle windshield for motorcycle equipment unless it uses safety glazing material, starting on or after January 1, 1969.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 4. Windshields and Mirrors [26700 - 26712] ( Chapter 4 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 26705. On or after January 1, 1969, no person shall sell or offer for sale for use upon or as part of the equipment of a motorcycle any motorcycle windshield unless the glazing material used therein is safety glazing material. (Repealed and added by Stats. 1968, Ch. 1469.)
  148. 26706.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 4. Windshields and Mirrors [26700 - 26712] ( Chapter 4 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    Most motor vehicles with windshields must have windshield wipers, and newer motor vehicles first registered after December 31, 1949, must have two wipers unless a single wiper still meets federal wiped-area requirements.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 4. Windshields and Mirrors [26700 - 26712] ( Chapter 4 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 26706. (a) Every motor vehicle, except motorcycles, equipped with a windshield shall also be equipped with a self-operating windshield wiper. (b) Every new motor vehicle first registered after December 31, 1949, except motorcycles, shall be equipped with two windshield wipers, one mounted on the right half and one on the left half of the windshield, except that any motor vehicle may be equipped with a single wiper so long as it meets the wiped area requirements in Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards Governing Windshield Wiping and Washing Systems. (c) This section does not apply to snow removal equipment equipped with adequate manually operated windshield wipers. (d) This section does not apply to an autonomous vehicle, as defined in Section 38750, that is not capable of operation by a human driver seated in the vehicle, provided that this exemption is consistent with, or authorized by, any applicable federal law, regulation, or exemption thereto. (Amended by Stats. 2021, Ch. 428, Sec. 6. (SB 570) Effective January 1, 2022.)
  149. 26707.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 4. Windshields and Mirrors [26700 - 26712] ( Chapter 4 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    Windshield wipers must be kept in good working order and used in fog, snow, or rain so the driver can see clearly through the windshield.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 4. Windshields and Mirrors [26700 - 26712] ( Chapter 4 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 26707. Windshield wipers required by this code shall be maintained in good operating condition and shall provide clear vision through the windshield for the driver. Wipers shall be operated under conditions of fog, snow, or rain and shall be capable of effectively clearing the windshield under all ordinary storm or load conditions while the vehicle is in operation. (Enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3.)
  150. 26708.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 4. Windshields and Mirrors [26700 - 26712] ( Chapter 4 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    A person generally may not drive a motor vehicle if objects or materials on the windshield or side or rear windows block the driver’s clear view, subject to listed exceptions and special allowances.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 4. Windshields and Mirrors [26700 - 26712] ( Chapter 4 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 26708. (a) (1) A person shall not drive any motor vehicle with any object or material placed, displayed, installed, affixed, or applied upon the windshield or side or rear windows. (2) A person shall not drive any motor vehicle with any object or material placed, displayed, installed, affixed, or applied in or upon the vehicle that obstructs or reduces the driver’s clear view through the windshield or side windows. (3) This subdivision applies to a person driving a motor vehicle with the driver’s clear vision through the windshield, or side or rear windows, obstructed by snow or ice. (b) This section does not apply to any of the following: (1) Rearview mirrors. (2) Adjustable nontransparent sunvisors that are mounted forward of the side windows and are not attached to the glass. (3) Signs, stickers, or other materials that are displayed in a seven-inch square in the lower corner of the windshield farthest removed from the driver, signs, stickers, or other materials that are displayed in a seven-inch square in the lower corner of the rear window farthest removed from the driver, or signs, stickers, or other materials that are displayed in a five-inch square in the lower corner of the windshield nearest the driver. (4) Side windows that are to the rear of the driver. (5) Direction, destination, or terminus signs upon a passenger common carrier motor vehicle or a schoolbus, if those signs do not interfere with the driver’s clear view of approaching traffic. (6) Rear window wiper motor. (7) Rear trunk lid handle or hinges. (8) The rear window or windows, if the motor vehicle is equipped with outside mirrors on both the left- and right-hand sides of the vehicle that are so located as to reflect to the driver a view of the highway through each mirror for a distance of at least 200 feet to the rear of the vehicle. (9) A clear, transparent lens affixed to the side window opposite the driver on a vehicle greater than 80 inches in width and that occupies an area not exceeding 50 square inches of the lowest corner toward the rear of that window and that provides the driver with a wide-angle view through the lens. (10) Sun screening devices meeting the requirements of Section 26708.2 installed on the side windows on either side of the vehicle’s front seat, if the driver or a passenger in the front seat has in their possession a letter or other document signed by a licensed physician and surgeon certifying that the person must be shaded from the sun due to a medical condition, or has in their possession a letter or other document signed by a licensed optometrist certifying that the person must be shaded from the sun due to a visual condition. The devices authorized by this paragraph shall not be used during darkness. (11) An electronic communication device affixed to the center uppermost portion of the interior of a windshield within an area that is not greater than five inches square, if the device provides either of the following: (A) The capability for enforcement facilities of the Department of the California Highway Patrol to communicate with a vehicle equipped with the device. (B) The capability for electronic toll and traffic management on public or private roads or facilities. (12) A portable Global Positioning System (GPS), which may be mounted in a seven-inch square in the lower corner of the windshield farthest removed from the driver or in a five-inch square in the lower corner of the windshield nearest to the driver and outside of an airbag deployment zone, if the system is used only for door-to-door navigation while the motor vehicle is being operated. (13) (A) A video event recorder with the capability of monitoring driver performance to improve driver safety, which may be mounted in a seven-inch square in the lower corner of the windshield farthest removed from the driver, in a five-inch square in the lower corner of the windshield nearest to the driver and outside of an airbag deployment zone, or in a five-inch square mounted to the center uppermost portion of the interior of the windshield. As used in this section, “video event recorder” means a video recorder that continuously records in a digital loop, recording audio, video, and G-force levels, but saves video only when triggered by an unusual motion or crash or when operated by the driver to monitor driver performance. (B) A vehicle equipped with a video event recorder shall have a notice posted in a visible location which states that a passenger’s conversation may be recorded. (C) Video event recorders shall store no more than 30 seconds before and after a triggering event. (D) The registered owner or lessee of the vehicle may disable the device. (E) The data recorded to the device is the property of the registered owner or lessee of the vehicle. (F) When a person is driving for hire as an employee in a vehicle with a video event recorder, the person’s employer shall provide unedited copies of the recordings upon the request of the employee or the employee’s representative. These copies shall be provided free of charge to the employee and within five days of the request. (14) Vehicle safety technology, as defined in Section 393.5 of Title 49 of the Code of Federal Regulations, installed on any vehicle listed in Section 34500 and subject to Section 34500.7 that is otherwise in compliance with Section 393.60 of Title 49 of the Code of Federal Regulations. (c) Notwithstanding subdivision (a), transparent material may be installed, affixed, or applied to the topmost portion of the windshield if the following conditions apply: (1) The bottom edge of the material is at least 29 inches above the undepressed driver’s seat when measured from a point five inches in front of the bottom of the backrest with the driver’s seat in its rearmost and lowermost position with the vehicle on a level surface. (2) The material is not red or amber in color. (3) There is no opaque lettering on the material and any other lettering does not affect primary colors or distort vision through the windshield. (4) The material does not reflect sunlight or headlight glare into the eyes of occupants of oncoming or following vehicles to any greater extent than the windshield without the material. (d) Notwithstanding subdivision (a), clear, colorless, and transparent material may be installed, affixed, or applied to the front side windows, located to the immediate left and right of the front seat if the following conditions are met: (1) The material has a minimum visible light transmittance of 88 percent. (2) The window glazing with the material applied meets all requirements of Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard No. 205 (49 C.F.R. 571.205), including the specified minimum light transmittance of 70 percent and the abrasion resistance of AS–14 glazing, as specified in that federal standard. (3) The material is designed and manufactured to enhance the ability of the existing window glass to block the sun’s harmful ultraviolet A rays. (4) The driver has in their possession, or within the vehicle, a certificate signed by the installing company certifying that the windows with the material installed meet the requirements of this subdivision and the certificate identifies the installing company and the material’s manufacturer by full name and street address, or, if the material was installed by the vehicle owner, a certificate signed by the material’s manufacturer certifying that the windows with the material installed according to manufacturer’s instructions meet the requirements of this subdivision and the certificate identifies the material’s manufacturer by full name and street address. (5) If the material described in this subdivision tears or bubbles, or is otherwise worn to prohibit clear vision, it shall be removed or replaced. (e) Notwithstanding subdivision (a), clear, colorless, and transparent material may be installed, affixed, or applied to the windshield, side, or rear windows of a motor vehicle if the following conditions are met: (1) The material has a minimum visible light transmittance of 88 percent. (2) The window glazing with the material applied meets all requirements of Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard No. 205 (49 C.F.R. 571.205), including the specified minimum light transmittance of 70 percent and the abrasion resistance of AS–14 glazing, as specified in that federal standard. (3) The material is designed and manufactured to enhance the ability of the existing window glass to block the sun’s harmful ultraviolet A rays. (4) The driver has in their possession, or within the vehicle, a certificate signed by a licensed dermatologist certifying that the person should not be exposed to ultraviolet rays because of a medical condition that necessitates clear, colorless, and transparent film material to be installed on the windshield, side, or rear windows. (5) If the material described in this subdivision tears or bubbles, or is otherwise worn to prohibit clear vision, it shall be removed or replaced. (Amended by Stats. 2025, Ch. 417, Sec. 5. (SB 506) Effective January 1, 2026.)
  151. 26708.2.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 4. Windshields and Mirrors [26700 - 26712] ( Chapter 4 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    Sun screening devices allowed under Section 26708(b)(10) must meet specified construction, color, transparency, openness, and reflectivity limits.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 4. Windshields and Mirrors [26700 - 26712] ( Chapter 4 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 26708.2. Sun screening devices permitted by paragraph (10) of subdivision (b) of Section 26708 shall meet the following requirements: (a) The devices shall be held in place by means allowing ready removal from the window area, such as a frame, a rigid material with temporary fasteners, or a flexible roller shade. (b) Devices utilizing transparent material shall be green, gray, or a neutral smoke in color and shall have a luminous transmittance of not less than 35 percent. (c) Devices utilizing nontransparent louvers or other alternating patterns of opaque and open sections shall have an essentially uniform pattern over the entire surface, except for framing and supports. At least 35 percent of the device area shall be open and no individual louver or opaque section shall have a projected vertical dimension exceeding 3/16 inch. (d) The devices shall not have a reflective quality exceeding 35 percent on either the inner or outer surface. (Added by Stats. 1984, Ch. 74, Sec. 2.)
  152. 26708.5.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 4. Windshields and Mirrors [26700 - 26712] ( Chapter 4 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    A person generally may not put transparent material on a vehicle’s windshield or side or rear windows if it changes color or reduces light transmission, except as allowed by Section 26708 subdivisions (b), (c), or (d).

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 4. Windshields and Mirrors [26700 - 26712] ( Chapter 4 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 26708.5. (a) No person shall place, install, affix, or apply any transparent material upon the windshield, or side or rear windows, of any motor vehicle if the material alters the color or reduces the light transmittance of the windshield or side or rear windows, except as provided in subdivision (b), (c), or (d) of Section 26708. (b) Tinted safety glass may be installed in a vehicle if (1) the glass complies with motor vehicle safety standards of the United States Department of Transportation for safety glazing materials, and (2) the glass is installed in a location permitted by those standards for the particular type of glass used. (Amended by Stats. 1998, Ch. 476, Sec. 2. Effective January 1, 1999.)
  153. 26708.7.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 4. Windshields and Mirrors [26700 - 26712] ( Chapter 4 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    Certain government vehicles used by peace officers are exempt from California window-tinting rules for side or rear windows.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 4. Windshields and Mirrors [26700 - 26712] ( Chapter 4 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 26708.7. Notwithstanding any other law, a vehicle operated and owned or leased by a federal, state, or local agency, department, or district, that employs peace officers, as defined by Chapter 4.5 (commencing with Section 830) of Title 3 of Part 2 of the Penal Code, for use by those peace officers in the performance of their duties, is exempt from California law, and regulations adopted pursuant thereto, prohibiting or limiting material that may be placed, displayed, installed, affixed, or applied to the side or rear windows, commonly referred to as window tinting or glazing. (Added by Stats. 2012, Ch. 171, Sec. 1. (AB 2660) Effective January 1, 2013.)
  154. 26709.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 4. Windshields and Mirrors [26700 - 26712] ( Chapter 4 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    Certain registered vehicles must have specified mirrors, including rear-view coverage of at least 200 feet, with extra side mirrors required in some cases.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 4. Windshields and Mirrors [26700 - 26712] ( Chapter 4 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 26709. (a) (1) Every motor vehicle registered in a foreign jurisdiction and every motorcycle subject to registration in this state shall be equipped with a mirror so located as to reflect to the driver a view of the highway for a distance of at least 200 feet to the rear of such vehicle. (2) Every motor vehicle subject to registration in this state, except a motorcycle, shall be equipped with not less than two mirrors, including one affixed to the left-hand side. (b) The following described types of motor vehicles, of a type subject to registration, shall be equipped with mirrors on both the left- and right-hand sides of the vehicle so located as to reflect to the driver a view of the highway through each mirror for a distance of at least 200 feet to the rear of such vehicle: (1) A motor vehicle so constructed or loaded as to obstruct the driver’s view to the rear. (2) A motor vehicle towing a vehicle and the towed vehicle or load thereon obstructs the driver’s view to the rear. (3) A bus or trolley coach. (c) The provisions of subdivision (b) shall not apply to a passenger vehicle when the load obstructing the driver’s view consists of passengers. (d) This section does not apply to an autonomous vehicle, as defined in Section 38750, that is not capable of operation by a human driver seated in the vehicle, provided that this exemption is consistent with, or authorized by, any applicable federal law, regulation, or exemption thereto. (Amended by Stats. 2021, Ch. 428, Sec. 7. (SB 570) Effective January 1, 2022.)
  155. 26710.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 4. Windshields and Mirrors [26700 - 26712] ( Chapter 4 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    It is unlawful to drive a motor vehicle on a highway if the windshield or rear window is so defective that it impairs the driver’s vision; for certain vehicles, the windshield must also meet a federal standard. If an inspection finds noncompliance, the driver must fix the windshield and rear window within 48 hours.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 4. Windshields and Mirrors [26700 - 26712] ( Chapter 4 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 26710. (a) It is unlawful to operate any motor vehicle upon a highway when the windshield or rear window is in such a defective condition as to impair the driver’s vision either to the front or rear. (b) Notwithstanding subdivision (a), it is unlawful to operate any motor vehicle described in Section 34500 upon a highway when the condition of the windshield is other than described in Section 393.60(c) of Title 49 of the Code of Federal Regulations. (c) In the event any windshield or rear window fails to comply with this code the officer making the inspection shall direct the driver to make the windshield and rear window conform to the requirements of this code within 48 hours. The officer may also arrest the driver and give them notice to appear and further require the driver or the owner of the vehicle to produce in court satisfactory evidence that the windshield or rear window has been made to conform to the requirements of this code. (Amended by Stats. 2022, Ch. 295, Sec. 16. (AB 2956) Effective January 1, 2023.)
  156. 26711.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 4. Windshields and Mirrors [26700 - 26712] ( Chapter 4 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    Most buses and trolley coaches must have movable eyeshades sized to shield the operator’s eyes when driving facing the sun.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 4. Windshields and Mirrors [26700 - 26712] ( Chapter 4 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 26711. Every bus or trolley coach, except those first registered prior to January 1, 1960, and engaged in urban and suburban service as defined in Section 35107, shall be equipped with movable eyeshades of sufficient size to shade the eyes of the operator of a bus or trolley coach while it is being driven facing the sun. (Amended by Stats. 1963, Ch. 661.)
  157. 26712.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 4. Windshields and Mirrors [26700 - 26712] ( Chapter 4 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    Passenger vehicles used to carry people for hire must have a defrosting device that can clear the windshield of snow, ice, frost, fog, or internal moisture.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 4. Windshields and Mirrors [26700 - 26712] ( Chapter 4 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 26712. (a) Every passenger vehicle used or maintained for the transportation of persons for hire, compensation, or profit shall be equipped with a defrosting device that is adequate to remove snow, ice, frost, fog, or internal moisture from the windshield. (b) This section does not apply to an autonomous vehicle, as defined in Section 38750, that is not capable of operation by a human driver seated in the vehicle, provided that this exemption is consistent with, or authorized by, any applicable federal law, regulation, or exemption thereto. (Amended by Stats. 2021, Ch. 428, Sec. 8. (SB 570) Effective January 1, 2022.)
  158. 27.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## General Provisions ( General Provisions enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    A person may not, without authority and with intent to deceive, impersonate or wear the badge of a California Highway Patrol member; doing so is a misdemeanor.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## General Provisions ( General Provisions enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 27. Any person who without authority impersonates, or wears the badge of, a member of the California Highway Patrol with intention to deceive anyone is guilty of a misdemeanor. (Enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3.)
  159. 270.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 1. WORDS AND PHRASES DEFINED [100 - 681] ( Division 1 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    “County” includes every county and city and county within this State.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 1. WORDS AND PHRASES DEFINED [100 - 681] ( Division 1 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 270. “County” includes every county and city and county within this State. (Enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3.)
  160. 27000.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 5. Other Equipment [27000 - 28160] ( Chapter 5 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 1. Horns, Sirens and Amplification Devices [27000 - 27007] ( Heading of Article 1 amended by Stats. 1978, Ch. 1306. )

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    Vehicles covered by this section must have specified horns, backup alarms, or cameras, and horns may not sound unreasonably loud or harsh.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 5. Other Equipment [27000 - 28160] ( Chapter 5 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 1. Horns, Sirens and Amplification Devices [27000 - 27007] ( Heading of Article 1 amended by Stats. 1978, Ch. 1306. ) ## 27000. (a) A motor vehicle, when operated upon a highway, shall be equipped with a horn in good working order and capable of emitting sound audible under normal conditions from a distance of not less than 200 feet, but no horn shall emit an unreasonably loud or harsh sound. An authorized emergency vehicle may be equipped with, and use in conjunction with the siren on that vehicle, an air horn that emits sounds that do not comply with the requirements of this section. (b) A refuse or garbage truck shall be equipped with an automatic backup audible alarm that sounds on backing and is capable of emitting sound audible under normal conditions from a distance of not less than 100 feet or shall be equipped with an automatic backup device that is in good working order, located at the rear of the vehicle and that immediately applies the service brake of the vehicle on contact by the vehicle with any obstruction to the rear. The backup device or alarm shall also be capable of operating automatically when the vehicle is in neutral or a forward gear but rolls backward. (c) A refuse or garbage truck, except a vehicle, known as a rolloff vehicle, that is used for the express purpose of transporting waste containers such as open boxes or compactors, purchased after January 1, 2010, shall also be equipped with a functioning camera providing a video display for the driver that enhances or supplements the driver’s view behind the truck for the purpose of safely maneuvering the truck. (d) (1) A construction vehicle with a gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR) in excess of 14,000 pounds that operates at, or transports construction or industrial materials to and from, a mine or construction site, or both, shall be equipped with an automatic backup audible alarm that sounds on backing and is capable of emitting sound audible under normal conditions from a distance of not less than 200 feet. (2) As used in this subdivision, “construction vehicle” includes, but is not limited to, all of the following: (A) A vehicle designed to transport concrete, cement, clay, limestone, aggregate material as defined in subdivision (d) of Section 23114, or other similar construction or industrial material, including a transfer truck or a tractor trailer combination used exclusively to pull bottom dump, end dump, or side dump trailers. (B) A vehicle that is a concrete mixer truck, a truck with a concrete placing boom, a water tank truck, a single engine crane with a load rating of 35 tons or more, or a tractor that exclusively pulls a low-boy trailer. (Amended by Stats. 2011, Ch. 235, Sec. 1. (SB 341) Effective January 1, 2012.)
  161. 27001.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 5. Other Equipment [27000 - 28160] ( Chapter 5 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 1. Horns, Sirens and Amplification Devices [27000 - 27007] ( Heading of Article 1 amended by Stats. 1978, Ch. 1306. )

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    A driver must sound the horn when reasonably necessary for safe operation, and must not use the horn for any other purpose except as a theft alarm system allowed by a later article.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 5. Other Equipment [27000 - 28160] ( Chapter 5 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 1. Horns, Sirens and Amplification Devices [27000 - 27007] ( Heading of Article 1 amended by Stats. 1978, Ch. 1306. ) ## 27001. (a) The driver of a motor vehicle when reasonably necessary to insure safe operation shall give audible warning with his horn. (b) The horn shall not otherwise be used, except as a theft alarm system which operates as specified in Article 13 (commencing with Section 28085) of this chapter. (Amended by Stats. 1977, Ch. 993.)
  162. 27002.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 5. Other Equipment [27000 - 28160] ( Chapter 5 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 1. Horns, Sirens and Amplification Devices [27000 - 27007] ( Heading of Article 1 amended by Stats. 1978, Ch. 1306. )

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    Vehicles generally may not have or use sirens, except authorized emergency vehicles, which must have a department-compliant siren and may also have a department-compliant Hi-Lo warning sound.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 5. Other Equipment [27000 - 28160] ( Chapter 5 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 1. Horns, Sirens and Amplification Devices [27000 - 27007] ( Heading of Article 1 amended by Stats. 1978, Ch. 1306. ) ## 27002. (a) No vehicle, except an authorized emergency vehicle, shall be equipped with, nor shall any person use upon a vehicle any siren except that an authorized emergency vehicle shall be equipped with a siren meeting requirements established by the department. (b) An authorized emergency vehicle may also be equipped with a Hi-Lo audible warning sound meeting requirements established by the department. (c) A Hi-Lo warning sound may only be used to notify the public of an immediate evacuation in case of an emergency and is not a siren. For the purposes of Section 21055, a Hi-Lo shall not be used in lieu of a siren if the sounding of a siren is reasonably necessary pursuant to that section. (Amended by Stats. 2020, Ch. 262, Sec. 1. (SB 909) Effective September 29, 2020.)
  163. 27003.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 5. Other Equipment [27000 - 28160] ( Chapter 5 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 1. Horns, Sirens and Amplification Devices [27000 - 27007] ( Heading of Article 1 amended by Stats. 1978, Ch. 1306. )

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    An armored car may have a siren and may use it while resisting armed robbery; otherwise, the siren must not be sounded.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 5. Other Equipment [27000 - 28160] ( Chapter 5 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 1. Horns, Sirens and Amplification Devices [27000 - 27007] ( Heading of Article 1 amended by Stats. 1978, Ch. 1306. ) ## 27003. An armored car may be equipped with a siren which may be used while resisting armed robbery. At all other times, the siren shall not be sounded. The authority to use a siren granted by this section does not constitute an armored car an authorized emergency vehicle, and all other provisions of this code applicable to drivers of vehicles apply to drivers of armored cars. (Enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3.)
  164. 27007.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 5. Other Equipment [27000 - 28160] ( Chapter 5 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 1. Horns, Sirens and Amplification Devices [27000 - 27007] ( Heading of Article 1 amended by Stats. 1978, Ch. 1306. )

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    Drivers may not operate or allow a sound amplification system that can be heard 50 or more feet outside the vehicle on a highway, unless it is used to request assistance or warn of a hazard.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 5. Other Equipment [27000 - 28160] ( Chapter 5 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 1. Horns, Sirens and Amplification Devices [27000 - 27007] ( Heading of Article 1 amended by Stats. 1978, Ch. 1306. ) ## 27007. No driver of a vehicle shall operate, or permit the operation of, any sound amplification system which can be heard outside the vehicle from 50 or more feet when the vehicle is being operated upon a highway, unless that system is being operated to request assistance or warn of a hazardous situation. This section does not apply to authorized emergency vehicles or vehicles operated by gas, electric, communications, or water utilities. This section does not apply to the sound systems of vehicles used for advertising, or in parades, political or other special events, except that the use of sound systems on those vehicles may be prohibited by a local authority by ordinance or resolution. (Amended by Stats. 1989, Ch. 538, Sec. 1.)
  165. 27150.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 5. Other Equipment [27000 - 28160] ( Chapter 5 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 2. Exhaust Systems [27150 - 27159] ( Article 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    Certain vehicles must have an adequate, properly maintained muffler, and mufflers or exhaust systems may not include cutouts, bypasses, or similar devices.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 5. Other Equipment [27000 - 28160] ( Chapter 5 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 2. Exhaust Systems [27150 - 27159] ( Article 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 27150. (a) Every motor vehicle equipped with an internal combustion engine and subject to registration shall at all times be equipped with an adequate muffler in constant operation and properly maintained to prevent any excessive or unusual noise, and no muffler or exhaust system shall be equipped with a cutout, bypass, or similar device. (b) Except as provided in Division 16.5 (commencing with Section 38000) with respect to off-highway motor vehicles subject to identification, every passenger vehicle operated off the highways shall at all times be equipped with an adequate muffler in constant operation and properly maintained so as to meet the requirements of Article 2.5 (commencing with Section 27200), and no muffler or exhaust system shall be equipped with a cutout, bypass, or similar device. (c) The provisions of subdivision (b) shall not be applicable to passenger vehicles being operated off the highways in an organized racing or competitive event conducted under the auspices of a recognized sanctioning body or by permit issued by the local governmental authority having jurisdiction, or to vehicles not equipped with an internal combustion engine. (Amended by Stats. 2021, Ch. 428, Sec. 9. (SB 570) Effective January 1, 2022.)
  166. 27150.1.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 5. Other Equipment [27000 - 28160] ( Chapter 5 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 2. Exhaust Systems [27150 - 27159] ( Article 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    Businesses that sell motor vehicle exhaust systems or parts may not sell or install them unless they meet the article’s regulations and standards; violating the section is a misdemeanor.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 5. Other Equipment [27000 - 28160] ( Chapter 5 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 2. Exhaust Systems [27150 - 27159] ( Article 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 27150.1. No person engaged in a business that involves the selling of motor vehicle exhaust systems, or parts thereof, including, but not limited to, mufflers, shall offer for sale, sell, or install, a motor vehicle exhaust system, or part thereof, including, but not limited to, a muffler, unless it meets the regulations and standards applicable pursuant to this article. Motor vehicle exhaust systems or parts thereof include, but are not limited to, nonoriginal exhaust equipment. A violation of this section is a misdemeanor. (Amended by Stats. 2002, Ch. 569, Sec. 2. Effective January 1, 2003.)
  167. 27150.3.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 5. Other Equipment [27000 - 28160] ( Chapter 5 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 2. Exhaust Systems [27150 - 27159] ( Article 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    A person may not modify a motor vehicle’s exhaust system with a whistle-tip, operate a vehicle with that kind of unlawful exhaust modification, or run a business installing whistle-tips onto exhaust systems.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 5. Other Equipment [27000 - 28160] ( Chapter 5 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 2. Exhaust Systems [27150 - 27159] ( Article 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 27150.3. (a) A person may not modify the exhaust system of a motor vehicle with a whistle-tip. (b) A person may not operate a motor vehicle if that vehicle’s exhaust system is modified in violation of subdivision (a). (c) A person may not engage in the business of installing a whistle-tip onto a motor vehicle’s exhaust system. (d) For purposes of subdivisions (a) and (c), a “whistle-tip” is a device that is applied to, or is a modification of, a motor vehicle’s exhaust pipe for the sole purpose of creating a high-pitched or shrieking noise when the motor vehicle is operated. (Added by Stats. 2003, Ch. 432, Sec. 1. Effective January 1, 2004.)
  168. 27150.4.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 5. Other Equipment [27000 - 28160] ( Chapter 5 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 2. Exhaust Systems [27150 - 27159] ( Article 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    The California Highway Patrol must evaluate sound-activated enforcement devices, report findings to the Legislature by January 1, 2025, delete highway videos within five days except for limited retained videos, and keep identifying information confidential.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 5. Other Equipment [27000 - 28160] ( Chapter 5 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 2. Exhaust Systems [27150 - 27159] ( Article 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 27150.4. (a) The Department of the California Highway Patrol shall evaluate the efficacy of sound-activated enforcement devices by evaluating devices from at least three different companies. (b) (1) On or before January 1, 2025, the department shall prepare and submit its findings and recommendations from the evaluation in a report to the Legislature, which shall include all of the following information: (A) How effective the devices are at determining that a vehicle was not equipped with an adequate muffler in constant operation and properly maintained in accordance with the requirements of Article 2.5 (commencing with Section 27200). (B) How often the device identified a potential violation that was not related to a violation of Section 27150, and the types of sounds other than a loud muffler that triggered the device. (C) What percentage of time an officer was unable to determine the source of the sound that activated the device. (D) How often the device was required to be serviced. (E) What, if any, technology does the sound-activated enforcement system use to determine the direction or source of the sound that violated the sound limits provided for in Article 2.5 (commencing with Section 27200). (F) Where the devices were located, and whether the location had any consequences to the effectiveness of the device. (G) The number of devices the department tested and from which companies were the devices that were tested. (H) Recommendations on all of the following: (i) Which, if any, device or devices would the department recommend be used for the purposes of enforcing Sections 27150 and 27151, and the reasons for that determination. If the department determines that it does not recommend any of the devices tested, the report shall include the standards and parameters that shall be met by future technology. (ii) What, if any, restrictions should be placed on the use of sound-activated enforcement devices in enforcing Sections 27150 and 27151, including, but not limited to, the decibel level setting for triggering a potential violation for the purposes of enforcement. (iii) Where the devices should be optimally located in order to reduce the chances of a false violation. (iv) Descriptions and explanation of any necessary and associated training that an individual reviewing these violations would need to go through in order to operate the device, including recommendations for what is necessary for a robust human review process. (v) Any other recommendations the department believes would be necessary for authorizing the use of sound-activated enforcement devices. (I) A video demonstrating the device. The video shall be edited to remove any personally identifying information, including the blurring of persons recorded in the video, street addresses, and license plates. (2) The report required by this subdivision shall be submitted in compliance with Section 9795 of the Government Code. (c) The department shall delete all videos recorded on a highway by a device within five days of the video being recorded. However, the department shall keep 15 videos from the devices of each company evaluated for the purposes of preparing the report required by this section and documenting the issues related to each device that helped the department make its recommendations. The department shall not keep any recording that picked up audio of a person speaking, if recorded on a highway. (d) Notwithstanding Division 10 (commencing with Section 7920.000) of Title 1 of the Government Code, or any other law, information collected and maintained by the department using a sound-activated enforcement device that could be used to identify the identity or location of any individual shall be confidential and only be used for purposes of this section, and shall not be disclosed to any other persons, including, but not limited to, any other state or federal government agency or official for any other purpose, except as required by the reporting requirements in this section, state or federal law, court order, or in response to a subpoena in an individual case or proceeding. (e) For purposes of this section, “sound-activated enforcement device” or “device” means an electronic device that utilizes automated equipment that activates when the noise levels have exceeded the legal sound limit established in Section 27151 and is designed to obtain clear video of a vehicle and its license plate. A sound-activated enforcement device shall do all of the following: (1) Record audio, precision accuracy noise levels, and high definition video in two directions. (2) Utilize an automated system that triggers when excessive vehicle noise over the limit is detected and save the data for review. (3) Automatically delete any evidence not related to a violation. (4) Permit the department to manually review evidence to ensure a violation has occurred. (5) Conform to the class 1 accuracy standards in the International Electrotechnical Commission’s (IEC) standard IEC 61672:2013, or any other accuracy standard determined to be appropriate by the department. (Added by Stats. 2022, Ch. 449, Sec. 1. (SB 1079) Effective January 1, 2023.)
  169. 27150.5.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 5. Other Equipment [27000 - 28160] ( Chapter 5 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 2. Exhaust Systems [27150 - 27159] ( Article 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    A retail seller’s permit holder who illegally sells or installs an exhaust system must later install a compliant one on demand, or reimburse the buyer or registered owner for replacement and installation costs if they choose reimbursement.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 5. Other Equipment [27000 - 28160] ( Chapter 5 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 2. Exhaust Systems [27150 - 27159] ( Article 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 27150.5. Any person holding a retail seller’s permit who sells or installs an exhaust system, or part thereof, including, but not limited to, a muffler, in violation of Section 27150.1 or 27150.2 or the regulations adopted pursuant thereto, shall thereafter be required to install an exhaust system, or part thereof, including, but not limited to, a muffler, which is in compliance with such regulations upon demand of the purchaser or registered owner of the vehicle concerned, or to reimburse the purchaser or registered owner for the expense of replacement and installation of an exhaust system, or part thereof, including, but not limited to, a muffler, which is in compliance, at the election of such purchaser or registered owner. (Added by Stats. 1971, Ch. 1769.)
  170. 27150.7.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 5. Other Equipment [27000 - 28160] ( Chapter 5 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 2. Exhaust Systems [27150 - 27159] ( Article 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    A court may dismiss a prosecution for certain vehicle exhaust-system violations if compliance certification was issued or the defendant had reasonable grounds to believe the exhaust system was working properly and the vehicle was not being operated unlawfully.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 5. Other Equipment [27000 - 28160] ( Chapter 5 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 2. Exhaust Systems [27150 - 27159] ( Article 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 27150.7. A court may dismiss any action in which a person is prosecuted for operating a vehicle in violation of Section 27150 or 27151 if a certificate of compliance has been issued by a station pursuant to Section 27150.2, or if the defendant had reasonable grounds to believe that the exhaust system was in good working order and had reasonable grounds to believe that the vehicle was not operated in violation of Section 27150 or 27151. (Amended by Stats. 2002, Ch. 569, Sec. 4. Effective January 1, 2003.)
  171. 27151.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 5. Other Equipment [27000 - 28160] ( Chapter 5 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 2. Exhaust Systems [27150 - 27159] ( Article 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    A person must not modify a motor vehicle exhaust system in a way that increases noise beyond the stated limits, and must not drive a vehicle with such a modified exhaust system.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 5. Other Equipment [27000 - 28160] ( Chapter 5 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 2. Exhaust Systems [27150 - 27159] ( Article 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 27151. (a) A person shall not modify the exhaust system of a motor vehicle in a manner which will amplify or increase the noise emitted by the motor of the vehicle so that the vehicle is not in compliance with the provisions of Section 27150 or exceeds the noise limits established for the type of vehicle in Article 2.5 (commencing with Section 27200). A person shall not operate a motor vehicle with an exhaust system so modified. (b) For the purposes of exhaust systems installed on motor vehicles with a manufacturer’s gross vehicle weight rating of less than 6,000 pounds, other than motorcycles, a sound level of 95 dbA or less, when tested in accordance with the most current SAE International standard, complies with this section. Motor vehicle exhaust systems or parts thereof include, but are not limited to, nonoriginal exhaust equipment. (Amended by Stats. 2022, Ch. 295, Sec. 18. (AB 2956) Effective January 1, 2023.)
  172. 27151.1.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 5. Other Equipment [27000 - 28160] ( Chapter 5 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 2. Exhaust Systems [27150 - 27159] ( Article 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    For certain vehicle exhaust violations, the court must require a certificate of compliance, use specified notice procedures, and report noncompliance; the department must check for court holds before renewing registration and cannot renew until it gets court notice.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 5. Other Equipment [27000 - 28160] ( Chapter 5 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 2. Exhaust Systems [27150 - 27159] ( Article 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 27151.1. (a) For a violation of Section 27150.3 or 27151 of a vehicle under 14,000 pounds gross vehicle weight rating, a court shall require a certificate of compliance for a vehicular exhaust system in compliance with subdivision (b) of Section 27150.2. A court shall utilize the notification procedures set forth in Section 40002. If a certificate of compliance is not provided to the court within three months of the violation date, the court shall treat this failure as noncompliance pursuant to subdivision (c) of Section 40002 and follow the provisions of Section 40002.1 to inform the Department of Motor Vehicles. (b) The department shall, before renewing the registration of any vehicle, check to see whether the court has issued a hold on the vehicle registration for a violation of Section 27150.3 or 27151, and shall refuse to renew the registration until it has received a notification from the court that a certificate of compliance has been issued. (c) This section shall become operative on January 1, 2027. (Added by Stats. 2022, Ch. 595, Sec. 3. (AB 2496) Effective January 1, 2023. Operative January 1, 2027, by its own provisions.)
  173. 27152.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 5. Other Equipment [27000 - 28160] ( Chapter 5 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 2. Exhaust Systems [27150 - 27159] ( Article 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    Exhaust gases from a motor vehicle must not be directed to the side of the vehicle between 2 and 11 feet above the ground.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 5. Other Equipment [27000 - 28160] ( Chapter 5 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 2. Exhaust Systems [27150 - 27159] ( Article 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 27152. The exhaust gases from a motor vehicle shall not be directed to the side of the vehicle between 2 feet and 11 feet above the ground. (Enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3.)
  174. 27153.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 5. Other Equipment [27000 - 28160] ( Chapter 5 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 2. Exhaust Systems [27150 - 27159] ( Article 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    Vehicles may not be operated so they emit excessive smoke, flame, gas, oil, or fuel residue. Certain heavy-duty nongasoline vehicles over 14,000 pounds also may not emit visible smoke except during active regeneration.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 5. Other Equipment [27000 - 28160] ( Chapter 5 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 2. Exhaust Systems [27150 - 27159] ( Article 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 27153. (a) A motor vehicle shall not be operated in a manner resulting in the escape of excessive smoke, flame, gas, oil, or fuel residue. (b) A nongasoline heavy-duty onroad motor vehicle with a gross vehicle weight rating of more than 14,000 pounds shall not be operated in a manner resulting in the escape of visible smoke, except during active regeneration. (c) (1) A violation of this section is a correctable violation pursuant to Article 4 (commencing with Section 40610) of Chapter 2 of Division 17. Except as provided in paragraph (2) and subdivision (d), an owner or operator of a vehicle found to be in violation of this section shall have 45 days to correct the violation and the vehicle shall not be prohibited from being used during this time. (2) Except as provided in subdivision (d), an owner or operator of a vehicle that is used exclusively in the conduct of agricultural operations and that is found to be in violation of this section shall have a time period determined by the State Air Resources Board that is not less than 75 days from the date of the citation to correct the violation and the vehicle shall not be prohibited from being used during that time. (d) Notwithstanding subdivision (c), a vehicle found to have willfully tampered emission controls, including the vehicle’s onboard diagnostics system, shall not be operated. (e) This section applies to motor vehicles of the United States or its agencies, to the extent authorized by federal law. (Amended by Stats. 2019, Ch. 298, Sec. 6. (SB 210) Effective January 1, 2020.)
  175. 27153.5.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 5. Other Equipment [27000 - 28160] ( Chapter 5 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 2. Exhaust Systems [27150 - 27159] ( Article 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    Motor vehicles must not emit certain dark or opaque air contaminants for more than 10 seconds at elevations below 4,000 feet, with different opacity limits for vehicles first sold or registered before versus on or after January 1, 1971.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 5. Other Equipment [27000 - 28160] ( Chapter 5 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 2. Exhaust Systems [27150 - 27159] ( Article 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 27153.5. (a) No motor vehicle first sold or registered as a new motor vehicle on or after January 1, 1971, shall discharge into the atmosphere at elevation of less than 4,000 feet any air contaminant for a period of more than 10 seconds which is: (1) As dark or darker in shade as that designated as No. 1 on the Ringelmann Chart, as published by the United States Bureau of Mines, or (2) Of such opacity as to obscure an observer’s view to a degree equal to or greater than does smoke described in paragraph (1) of this subdivision. (b) No motor vehicle first sold or registered prior to January 1, 1971, shall discharge into the atmosphere at elevation of less than 4,000 feet any air contaminant for a period of more than 10 seconds which is: (1) As dark or darker in shade than that designated as No. 2 on the Ringelmann Chart, as published by the United States Bureau of Mines, or (2) Of such opacity as to obscure an observer’s view to a degree equal to or greater than does smoke described in paragraph (1) of this subdivision. (c) The provisions of this section apply to motor vehicles of the United States or its agencies, to the extent authorized by federal law. (Amended by Stats. 1973, Ch. 216.)
  176. 27154.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 5. Other Equipment [27000 - 28160] ( Chapter 5 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 2. Exhaust Systems [27150 - 27159] ( Article 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    A motor vehicle cab must keep out engine or exhaust gases and fumes, and the exhaust system must be maintainable and kept reasonably gastight.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 5. Other Equipment [27000 - 28160] ( Chapter 5 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 2. Exhaust Systems [27150 - 27159] ( Article 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 27154. The cab of any motor vehicle shall be reasonably tight against the penetration of gases and fumes from the engine or exhaust system. The exhaust system, including the manifold, muffler, and exhaust pipes shall be so constructed as to be capable of being maintained and shall be maintained in a reasonably gastight condition. (Enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3.)
  177. 27154.1.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 5. Other Equipment [27000 - 28160] ( Chapter 5 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 2. Exhaust Systems [27150 - 27159] ( Article 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    Vehicle floors must be built and maintained to reduce fumes, exhaust gases, fire risk, and slipping hazards.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 5. Other Equipment [27000 - 28160] ( Chapter 5 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 2. Exhaust Systems [27150 - 27159] ( Article 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 27154.1. (a) The flooring in all motor vehicles shall be substantially constructed, free of unnecessary holes and openings and shall be maintained so as to minimize the entrance of fumes, exhaust gases, or fire. (b) Floors shall not be permeated with oil or other substances likely to cause injury to persons using the floor as a traction surface. (Added by Stats. 2015, Ch. 451, Sec. 54. (SB 491) Effective January 1, 2016.)
  178. 27155.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 5. Other Equipment [27000 - 28160] ( Chapter 5 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 2. Exhaust Systems [27150 - 27159] ( Article 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    A motor vehicle may not be operated or parked on any highway unless its fuel-tank filling spout is closed with a cap or cover made of noncombustible material.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 5. Other Equipment [27000 - 28160] ( Chapter 5 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 2. Exhaust Systems [27150 - 27159] ( Article 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 27155. No motor vehicle shall be operated or parked upon any highway unless the filling spout for the fuel tank is closed by a cap or cover of noncombustible material. (Amended by Stats. 1965, Ch. 453.)
  179. 27156.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 5. Other Equipment [27000 - 28160] ( Chapter 5 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 2. Exhaust Systems [27150 - 27159] ( Article 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    This section forbids operating or leaving certain polluting vehicles on a highway, and bans tampering with or selling devices that alter required emissions controls.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 5. Other Equipment [27000 - 28160] ( Chapter 5 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 2. Exhaust Systems [27150 - 27159] ( Article 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 27156. (a) No person shall operate or leave standing upon a highway a motor vehicle that is a gross polluter, as defined in Section 39032.5 of the Health and Safety Code. (b) No person shall operate or leave standing upon a highway a motor vehicle that is required to be equipped with a motor vehicle pollution control device under Part 5 (commencing with Section 43000) of Division 26 of the Health and Safety Code or any other certified motor vehicle pollution control device required by any other state law or any rule or regulation adopted pursuant to that law, or required to be equipped with a motor vehicle pollution control device pursuant to the National Emission Standards Act (42 U.S.C. Secs. 7521 to 7550, inclusive) and the standards and regulations adopted pursuant to that federal act, unless the motor vehicle is equipped with the required motor vehicle pollution control device that is correctly installed and in operating condition. No person shall disconnect, modify, or alter any such required device. (c) No person shall install, sell, offer for sale, or advertise any device, apparatus, or mechanism intended for use with, or as a part of, a required motor vehicle pollution control device or system that alters or modifies the original design or performance of the motor vehicle pollution control device or system. (d) If the court finds that a person has willfully violated this section, the court shall impose the maximum fine that may be imposed in the case, and no part of the fine may be suspended. (e) “Willfully,” as used in this section, has the same meaning as the meaning of that word prescribed in Section 7 of the Penal Code. (f) No person shall operate a vehicle after notice by a traffic officer that the vehicle is not equipped with the required certified motor vehicle pollution control device correctly installed in operating condition, except as may be necessary to return the vehicle to the residence or place of business of the owner or driver or to a garage, until the vehicle has been properly equipped with such a device. (g) The notice to appear issued or complaint filed for a violation of this section shall require that the person to whom the notice to appear is issued, or against whom the complaint is filed, produce proof of correction pursuant to Section 40150 or proof of exemption pursuant to Section 4000.1 or 4000.2. (h) This section shall not apply to an alteration, modification, or modifying device, apparatus, or mechanism found by resolution of the State Air Resources Board to do either of the following: (1) Not to reduce the effectiveness of a required motor vehicle pollution control device. (2) To result in emissions from the modified or altered vehicle that are at levels that comply with existing state or federal standards for that model-year of the vehicle being modified or converted. (i) Aftermarket and performance parts with valid State Air Resources Board Executive Orders may be sold and installed concurrent with a motorcycle’s transfer to an ultimate purchaser. (j) This section applies to motor vehicles of the United States or its agencies, to the extent authorized by federal law. (Amended by Stats. 2007, Ch. 325, Sec. 1. Effective January 1, 2008.)
  180. 27156.1.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 5. Other Equipment [27000 - 28160] ( Chapter 5 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 2. Exhaust Systems [27150 - 27159] ( Article 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    An auxiliary gasoline fuel tank installed before January 1, 1974 for a 1973 or earlier motor vehicle meeting the listed emissions-related conditions is not treated as a violation of Section 27156.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 5. Other Equipment [27000 - 28160] ( Chapter 5 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 2. Exhaust Systems [27150 - 27159] ( Article 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 27156.1. The installation, prior to January 1, 1974, of an auxiliary gasoline fuel tank for use on a 1973 or earlier model year motor vehicle, which vehicle is required, pursuant to Part 5 (commencing with Section 43000) of Division 26 of the Health and Safety Code or the National Emission Standards Act (42 U.S.C., Secs. 1857f-1 to 1857f-7, inclusive), to be equipped with a fuel system evaporative loss control device, shall not be deemed a violation of Section 27156 of this code. As used in this section, the term “auxiliary gasoline fuel tank,” has the same meaning as defined in subdivision (b) of Section 43834 of the Health and Safety Code. (Amended by Stats. 1975, Ch. 957.)
  181. 27156.2.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 5. Other Equipment [27000 - 28160] ( Chapter 5 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 2. Exhaust Systems [27150 - 27159] ( Article 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    Certain publicly owned emergency vehicles are exempt from California motor vehicle pollution control device requirements.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 5. Other Equipment [27000 - 28160] ( Chapter 5 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 2. Exhaust Systems [27150 - 27159] ( Article 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 27156.2. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, any publicly owned authorized emergency vehicle operated by a peace officer, as defined in Section 830 of the Penal Code, any authorized emergency vehicle, as defined in Section 165 and used for fighting fires or responding to emergency fire calls pursuant to paragraph (2) of subdivision (b) or pursuant to subdivision (c) or (d) of that section, and any publicly owned authorized emergency vehicle used by an emergency medical technician-paramedic, as defined in Section 1797.84 of the Health and Safety Code, is exempt from requirements imposed pursuant to California law and the regulations adopted pursuant thereto for motor vehicle pollution control devices. (Added by Stats. 1981, Ch. 595, Sec. 1.)
  182. 27156.3.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 5. Other Equipment [27000 - 28160] ( Chapter 5 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 2. Exhaust Systems [27150 - 27159] ( Article 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    Certain public-service vehicles are exempt from California motor-vehicle pollution-control-device requirements.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 5. Other Equipment [27000 - 28160] ( Chapter 5 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 2. Exhaust Systems [27150 - 27159] ( Article 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 27156.3. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, any motor vehicle of mosquito abatement, vector control, or pest abatement districts or agencies, any authorized emergency vehicle as defined in Section 165, except subdivision (f) thereof, and any ambulance used by a private entity under contract with a public agency, is exempt from requirements imposed pursuant to California law and the regulations adopted pursuant thereto for motor vehicle pollution control devices. (Added by renumbering Section 27156.2 (as added by Stats. 1981, Ch. 669) by Stats. 1982, Ch. 466, Sec. 116.)
  183. 27157.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 5. Other Equipment [27000 - 28160] ( Chapter 5 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 2. Exhaust Systems [27150 - 27159] ( Article 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    The State Air Resources Board must adopt reasonable regulations, after consulting the commissioner and following the commissioner’s recommendations, on maximum allowable vehicle emissions on highways.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 5. Other Equipment [27000 - 28160] ( Chapter 5 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 2. Exhaust Systems [27150 - 27159] ( Article 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 27157. The State Air Resources Board, after consultation with, and pursuant to the recommendations of, the commissioner, shall adopt such reasonable regulations as it determines are necessary for the public health and safety regarding the maximum allowable emissions of pollutants from vehicles upon a highway. Such regulations shall apply only to vehicles required by Part 5 (commencing with Section 43000) of Division 26 of the Health and Safety Code or any federal law or regulation to be equipped with devices or systems to control emission of pollutants from the exhaust and shall not be stricter than the emission standards required of that model year motor vehicle when first manufactured. (Amended by Stats. 1979, Ch. 373.)
  184. 27157.5.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 5. Other Equipment [27000 - 28160] ( Chapter 5 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 2. Exhaust Systems [27150 - 27159] ( Article 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    The State Air Resources Board must adopt reasonable emission standards for exhaust from 1955 through 1965 model-year motor vehicles, after consulting the commissioner and following the commissioner’s recommendations.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 5. Other Equipment [27000 - 28160] ( Chapter 5 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 2. Exhaust Systems [27150 - 27159] ( Article 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 27157.5. The State Air Resources Board, after consultation with, and pursuant to the recommendations of, the commissioner, shall adopt such reasonable standards as it determines are necessary for the public health and safety for the emission of air pollutants from the exhaust of motor vehicles of 1955 through 1965 model years. These standards shall be based on the normal emissions of such cars when the timing and carburetor are in proper adjustment and the spark plugs are in proper operating condition. (Added by Stats. 1971, Ch. 1095.)
  185. 27158.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 5. Other Equipment [27000 - 28160] ( Chapter 5 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 2. Exhaust Systems [27150 - 27159] ( Article 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    After notice of noncompliance, a vehicle may not be operated or allowed to operate for more than 30 days unless a compliance certificate is issued or the department verifies compliance.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 5. Other Equipment [27000 - 28160] ( Chapter 5 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 2. Exhaust Systems [27150 - 27159] ( Article 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 27158. After notice by a traffic officer that a vehicle does not comply with any regulation adopted pursuant to Section 27157, no person shall operate, and no owner shall permit the operation of, such vehicle for more than 30 days thereafter unless a certificate of compliance has been issued for such vehicle in accordance with the provisions of Section 9889.18 of the Business and Professions Code or unless the department has checked the vehicle and determined that the vehicle has been made to comply with such regulation adopted pursuant to Section 27157. A certificate of compliance issued for such vehicle shall, for a period of one year from date of issue, constitute proof of compliance with any regulations adopted pursuant to Section 27157 provided that no required pollution control device has been disconnected, modified, or altered or has been adjusted by other than a licensed installer in a licensed motor vehicle pollution control device installation and inspection station subsequent to the issuance of the certificate of compliance. The provisions of this section shall apply to the United States and its agencies to the extent authorized by federal law. (Amended by Stats. 1974, Ch. 769.)
  186. 27158.1.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 5. Other Equipment [27000 - 28160] ( Chapter 5 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 2. Exhaust Systems [27150 - 27159] ( Article 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    Certain heavy-duty nongasoline vehicles must carry a compliance certificate with the vehicle, starting one year after the implementing regulation takes effect.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 5. Other Equipment [27000 - 28160] ( Chapter 5 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 2. Exhaust Systems [27150 - 27159] ( Article 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 27158.1. (a) Commencing one year after the effective date of a regulation implementing the Heavy-Duty Vehicle Inspection and Maintenance Program (Chapter 5.5 (commencing with Section 44150) of Part 5 of Division 26 of the Health and Safety Code), a legal owner or registered owner of a nongasoline heavy-duty onroad motor vehicle with a gross vehicle weight rating of more than 14,000 pounds shall maintain a Heavy-Duty Vehicle Inspection and Maintenance Compliance Certificate, as described in Section 44152 of the Health and Safety Code, or a facsimile or electronic copy of that certificate of compliance, with the vehicle for which the certificate is issued. (b) Subdivision (a) does not apply when a Heavy-Duty Vehicle Inspection and Maintenance Compliance Certificate is necessarily removed from the vehicle for the purpose of renewal or when the vehicle is left unattended. (c) A violation of this section shall be cited in accordance with Section 40610. (Added by Stats. 2019, Ch. 298, Sec. 7. (SB 210) Effective January 1, 2020.)
  187. 27158.2.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 5. Other Equipment [27000 - 28160] ( Chapter 5 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 2. Exhaust Systems [27150 - 27159] ( Article 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    A qualifying driver must show a Heavy-Duty Vehicle Inspection and Maintenance Compliance Certificate, or other proof of it, when a peace officer demands it, and may not show a certificate that was not issued for that vehicle.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 5. Other Equipment [27000 - 28160] ( Chapter 5 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 2. Exhaust Systems [27150 - 27159] ( Article 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 27158.2. (a) The driver of a nongasoline heavy-duty onroad motor vehicle with a gross vehicle weight rating of more than 14,000 pounds shall present a Heavy-Duty Vehicle Inspection and Maintenance Compliance Certificate, as described in Section 44152 of the Health and Safety Code, or other evidence of that certificate of compliance, of the vehicle under the driver’s immediate control for examination upon demand by any peace officer. (b) The driver of the vehicle described in subdivision (a) shall not present to any peace officer a Heavy-Duty Vehicle Inspection and Maintenance Compliance Certificate not issued for that vehicle. (Added by Stats. 2019, Ch. 298, Sec. 8. (SB 210) Effective January 1, 2020.)
  188. 27158.5.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 5. Other Equipment [27000 - 28160] ( Chapter 5 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 2. Exhaust Systems [27150 - 27159] ( Article 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    After notice of noncompliance, a person may not operate, and an owner may not allow operation of, the vehicle for more than 30 days unless a certificate of compliance is issued or the department confirms compliance.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 5. Other Equipment [27000 - 28160] ( Chapter 5 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 2. Exhaust Systems [27150 - 27159] ( Article 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 27158.5. After notice by a traffic officer that a motor vehicle does not comply with any standard adopted pursuant to Section 27157.5, no person shall operate, and no owner shall permit the operation of, such motor vehicle for more than 30 days thereafter unless a certificate of compliance has been issued for such vehicle in accordance with the provisions of Section 9889.18 of the Business and Professions Code or unless the department has checked the vehicle and determined that the vehicle has been made to comply with such standard adopted pursuant to Section 27157.5. A certificate of compliance issued for such vehicle shall, for a period of one year from date of issue, constitute proof of compliance with the standards determined pursuant to Section 27157.5. (Amended by Stats. 1974, Ch. 769.)
  189. 27159.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 5. Other Equipment [27000 - 28160] ( Chapter 5 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 2. Exhaust Systems [27150 - 27159] ( Article 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    A CHP officer may order a vehicle to be stored if requested by an Air Resources Board representative and the vehicle is within the officer’s area of authority; the owner must pay the towing and storage fees.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 5. Other Equipment [27000 - 28160] ( Chapter 5 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 2. Exhaust Systems [27150 - 27159] ( Article 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 27159. Any uniformed member of the California Highway Patrol may order a vehicle stored when it is located within the territorial limits in which the member may act if requested by a representative of the State Air Resources Board to remove the vehicle from service pursuant to subdivision (f) of Section 44011.6 of the Health and Safety Code. All towing and storage fees for a vehicle removed under this section shall be paid by the owner. (Added by Stats. 1990, Ch. 1433, Sec. 24.)
  190. 27200.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 5. Other Equipment [27000 - 28160] ( Chapter 5 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 2.5. Noise Limits [27200 - 27207] ( Article 2.5 added by Stats. 1975, Ch. 83. )

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    The DMV may not register certain noisy new vehicles, and no person may sell or offer for sale such vehicles, except specified off-highway vehicles. The Highway Patrol must set test procedures, and the DMV may accept a dealer’s certificate as proof of compliance.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 5. Other Equipment [27000 - 28160] ( Chapter 5 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 2.5. Noise Limits [27200 - 27207] ( Article 2.5 added by Stats. 1975, Ch. 83. ) ## 27200. (a) The Department of Motor Vehicles shall not register on a dealer’s report of sale a new motor vehicle, except an off-highway motor vehicle subject to identification as provided in Division 16.5 (commencing with Section 38000), which produces a maximum noise exceeding the applicable noise limit at a distance of 50 feet from the centerline of travel under test procedures established by the Department of the California Highway Patrol. (b) The Department of Motor Vehicles may accept a dealer’s certificate as proof of compliance with this article. (c) Test procedures for compliance with this article shall be established by the Department of the California Highway Patrol, taking into consideration the test procedures of the Society of Automotive Engineers. (d) No person shall sell or offer for sale a new motor vehicle, except an off-highway motor vehicle subject to identification as provided in Division 16.5 (commencing with Section 38000), which produces a maximum noise exceeding the applicable noise limit specified in this article, and for which noise emission standards or regulations have not been adopted by the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency pursuant to the Noise Control Act of 1972 (P.L. 92-574). (e) No person shall sell or offer for sale a new motor vehicle, except an off-highway motor vehicle subject to identification as provided in Division 16.5 (commencing with Section 38000), which produces noise that exceeds or in any way violates the noise emission standards or regulations adopted for such a motor vehicle by the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency pursuant to the Noise Control Act of 1972 (P.L. 92-574). (f) As used in this section, the term “register” is equivalent to the term “licensing” as used in Section 6(e)(2) of the Noise Control Act of 1972 (P.L. 92-574; Title 42, United States Code, Section 4905(e)(2)). (Amended by Stats. 1977, Ch. 558.)
  191. 27201.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 5. Other Equipment [27000 - 28160] ( Chapter 5 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 2.5. Noise Limits [27200 - 27207] ( Article 2.5 added by Stats. 1975, Ch. 83. )

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    A 92 dbA noise limit applies to motorcycles manufactured before 1970 for Section 27200 purposes.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 5. Other Equipment [27000 - 28160] ( Chapter 5 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 2.5. Noise Limits [27200 - 27207] ( Article 2.5 added by Stats. 1975, Ch. 83. ) ## 27201. For the purposes of Section 27200, the noise limit of 92 dbA shall apply to any motorcycle manufactured before 1970. (Added by Stats. 1975, Ch. 83.)
  192. 27202.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 5. Other Equipment [27000 - 28160] ( Chapter 5 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 2.5. Noise Limits [27200 - 27207] ( Article 2.5 added by Stats. 1975, Ch. 83. )

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    Motorcycles other than motor-driven cycles must meet different noise limits depending on manufacture date.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 5. Other Equipment [27000 - 28160] ( Chapter 5 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 2.5. Noise Limits [27200 - 27207] ( Article 2.5 added by Stats. 1975, Ch. 83. ) ## 27202. For the purposes of Section 27200, the following noise limits shall apply to any motorcycle, other than a motor-driven cycle, manufactured: (1) After 1969, and before 1973 ........................ 88 dbA (2) After 1972, and before 1975 ........................ 86 dbA (3) After 1974, and before 1986 ........................ 83 dbA (4) After 1985 ........................ 80 dbA (Amended by Stats. 1982, Ch. 356, Sec. 1.)
  193. 27202.1.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 5. Other Equipment [27000 - 28160] ( Chapter 5 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 2.5. Noise Limits [27200 - 27207] ( Article 2.5 added by Stats. 1975, Ch. 83. )

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    A person may not park, use, or operate a California-registered motorcycle without the required EPA exhaust system label; violations bring fines, and police must treat the violation as a secondary infraction.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 5. Other Equipment [27000 - 28160] ( Chapter 5 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 2.5. Noise Limits [27200 - 27207] ( Article 2.5 added by Stats. 1975, Ch. 83. ) ## 27202.1. (a) Notwithstanding any other law, a person shall not park, use, or operate a motorcycle, registered in the State of California, that does not bear the required applicable federal Environmental Protection Agency exhaust system label pursuant to Subparts D (commencing with Section 205.150) and E (commencing with Section 205.164) of Part 205 of Title 40 of the Code of Federal Regulations. A violation of this section shall be considered a mechanical violation and a peace officer shall not stop a motorcycle solely on a suspicion of a violation of this section. A peace officer shall cite a violation of this section as a secondary infraction. (b) A violation of this section is punishable as follows: (1) For a first conviction, by a fine of not less than fifty dollars ($50), nor more than one hundred dollars ($100). (2) For a second or subsequent conviction, by a fine of not less than one hundred dollars ($100), nor more than two hundred fifty dollars ($250). (c) (1) The notice to appear issued or complaint filed for a violation of this section shall require that the person to whom the notice to appear is issued, or against whom the complaint is filed, produce proof of correction pursuant to Section 40150. (2) Upon producing proof of correction to the satisfaction of the court, the court may dismiss the penalty imposed pursuant to subdivision (b) for a first violation of this section. (d) (1) This section is applicable to a person operating a motorcycle that is manufactured on or after January 1, 2013, or a motorcycle with aftermarket exhaust system equipment that is manufactured on or after January 1, 2013. (2) Penalties imposed pursuant to this section are in addition to penalties imposed pursuant to any other applicable laws or regulations. (3) This section does not supersede, negate, or otherwise alter any other applicable laws or regulations. (Added by Stats. 2010, Ch. 407, Sec. 1. (SB 435) Effective January 1, 2011.)
  194. 27203.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 5. Other Equipment [27000 - 28160] ( Chapter 5 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 2.5. Noise Limits [27200 - 27207] ( Article 2.5 added by Stats. 1975, Ch. 83. )

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    For Section 27200, snowmobiles manufactured after 1972 are subject to an 82 dBA noise limit.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 5. Other Equipment [27000 - 28160] ( Chapter 5 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 2.5. Noise Limits [27200 - 27207] ( Article 2.5 added by Stats. 1975, Ch. 83. ) ## 27203. For the purposes of Section 27200, the noise limit of 82 dbA shall apply to any snowmobile manufactured after 1972. (Added by Stats. 1975, Ch. 83.)
  195. 27204.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 5. Other Equipment [27000 - 28160] ( Chapter 5 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 2.5. Noise Limits [27200 - 27207] ( Article 2.5 added by Stats. 1975, Ch. 83. )

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    This section sets maximum noise limits for motor vehicles under Section 27200, based on gross vehicle weight rating and date of manufacture.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 5. Other Equipment [27000 - 28160] ( Chapter 5 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 2.5. Noise Limits [27200 - 27207] ( Article 2.5 added by Stats. 1975, Ch. 83. ) ## 27204. For the purposes of Section 27200, the following noise limits shall apply to any motor vehicle within the specified manufacturer’s gross vehicle weight rating and date of manufacture: GVWR—Pounds Date of Manufacture Noise Limit—dbA Over 6,000 after 1967 and before 1973 88 Over 6,000 after 1972 and before 1975 86 Over 6,000 after 1974 and before 1978 83 Over 8,500 after 1977 and before 1982 83 Over 6,000 but not over 8,500 after 1977 80 Over 8,500 but not over 10,000 after 1981 80 Over 10,000 after 1981 and before 1988 83 Over 10,000 after 1987 80 (Amended by Stats. 1985, Ch. 274, Sec. 1.)
  196. 27206.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 5. Other Equipment [27000 - 28160] ( Chapter 5 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 2.5. Noise Limits [27200 - 27207] ( Article 2.5 added by Stats. 1975, Ch. 83. )

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    This section sets noise limits for certain other motor vehicles under Section 27200, with different dB(A) limits based on when the vehicle was manufactured.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 5. Other Equipment [27000 - 28160] ( Chapter 5 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 2.5. Noise Limits [27200 - 27207] ( Article 2.5 added by Stats. 1975, Ch. 83. ) ## 27206. For the purposes of Section 27200, the following noise limits shall apply to any other motor vehicle, not specified in this article, manufactured: (1) After 1967, and before 1973 ........................ 86 dbA (2) After 1972, and before 1975 ........................ 84 dbA (3) After 1974 ........................ 80 dbA (Added by renumbering Section 27205 by Stats. 1977, Ch. 558.)
  197. 27207.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 5. Other Equipment [27000 - 28160] ( Chapter 5 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 2.5. Noise Limits [27200 - 27207] ( Article 2.5 added by Stats. 1975, Ch. 83. )

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    Heavy motor vehicles with engine speed governors must not produce noise above 88 dbA under the stated test conditions.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 5. Other Equipment [27000 - 28160] ( Chapter 5 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 2.5. Noise Limits [27200 - 27207] ( Article 2.5 added by Stats. 1975, Ch. 83. ) ## 27207. No motor vehicle with a gross vehicle weight rating of more than 10,000 pounds and equipped with an engine speed governor shall produce a sound level exceeding 88 dbA, measured on an open site at a distance of 50 feet from the longitudinal centerline of the vehicle, when its engine is accelerated from idle with wide open throttle to governed speed with the vehicle stationary, transmission in neutral, and clutch, if any, engaged. Test procedures for compliance with this section shall be established by the department, taking into consideration the procedures of the United States Department of Transportation. The procedures may provide for measuring at other distances, in which case the measurement shall be corrected so as to provide for measurements equivalent to the noise limit established by this section measured at 50 feet. (Amended by Stats. 1996, Ch. 124, Sec. 134. Effective January 1, 1997.)
  198. 273.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 1. WORDS AND PHRASES DEFINED [100 - 681] ( Division 1 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. )

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    A “crib sheet” or “cribbing device” means paper or a device made for cheating by giving examination answers to an applicant so the applicant can fraudulently qualify for a driver’s license, permit, or certificate.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 1. WORDS AND PHRASES DEFINED [100 - 681] ( Division 1 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## 273. A “crib sheet” or “cribbing device” is any paper or device designed for cheating by supplying examination answers without questions to an applicant for the purpose of fraudulently qualifying the applicant for any class of driver’s license, permit, or certificate. (Added by Stats. 1986, Ch. 960, Sec. 1.)
  199. 27302.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 5. Other Equipment [27000 - 28160] ( Chapter 5 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Safety Belts and Inflatable Restraint Systems [27302 - 27319] ( Heading of Article 3 amended by Stats. 1999, Ch. 449, Sec. 1. )

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    A person may not sell or offer for sale a seatbelt or seatbelt attachment for use in a vehicle unless it meets requirements set by the department.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 5. Other Equipment [27000 - 28160] ( Chapter 5 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Safety Belts and Inflatable Restraint Systems [27302 - 27319] ( Heading of Article 3 amended by Stats. 1999, Ch. 449, Sec. 1. ) ## 27302. No person shall sell or offer for sale any seatbelt or attachments thereto for use in a vehicle unless it complies with requirements established by the department. (Amended by Stats. 1979, Ch. 723.)
  200. 27304.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 5. Other Equipment [27000 - 28160] ( Chapter 5 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Safety Belts and Inflatable Restraint Systems [27302 - 27319] ( Heading of Article 3 amended by Stats. 1999, Ch. 449, Sec. 1. )

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    Driver-training vehicles covered by this section must have seatbelts for the driver and each passenger, and drivers or passengers may not operate or ride in the vehicle during driver training unless they are using the seatbelt properly.

    ## Vehicle Code - VEH ## DIVISION 12. EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES [24000 - 28246] ( Division 12 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## CHAPTER 5. Other Equipment [27000 - 28160] ( Chapter 5 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Safety Belts and Inflatable Restraint Systems [27302 - 27319] ( Heading of Article 3 amended by Stats. 1999, Ch. 449, Sec. 1. ) ## 27304. All vehicles owned and utilized in driver training by a driver training school licensed under the provisions of Chapter 1 (commencing with Section 11100) of Division 5 or in a course in automobile driver training in any secondary school maintained under the Education Code shall be equipped with a seatbelt for the driver and each passenger. Such seatbelt shall comply with requirements established by the department. It shall be unlawful for any driver or passenger to operate or ride in such a vehicle while it is being operated for the purposes of driver training, unless such person is utilizing an installed seatbelt in the proper manner. (Amended by Stats. 1979, Ch. 723.)

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