Canada Judgment

Supreme Court of Canada

R. v. Duncanson

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01

Holding and result

Assuming without deciding that a Charter breach occurred, applying the Collins factors the Court concluded that admitting the narcotics evidence would not bring the administration of justice into disrepute; exclusion was therefore erroneous and the Court of Appeal's order for a new trial was correct.

Court disposition

Appeal dismissed

Orders

  • Appeal dismissed
  • Acquittal set aside and new trial ordered (per Saskatchewan Court of Appeal)

02

Material facts

Parties

James Ross Duncanson

Appellant Counsel: Barry M. Singer

Her Majesty The Queen as represented by the Attorney General of Canada

Respondent Counsel: Bernard Laprade

Amounts and remedies

  • Report Year: 1,992

03

Procedural history

  1. Posture

    Criminal Appeal (charter Challenge) / Appeal to the Supreme Court of Canada; Judgment on Admissibility Under S.24(2) of the Charter

04

Questions and positions

Legal issues

Party arguments

Applicant
The appellant argued the trial judge properly excluded the narcotics evidence under s.24(2) of the Charter because the admission would bring the administration of justice into disrepute and the acquittal should stand.
Respondent
The Crown submitted that even if a Charter breach occurred, application of the R. v. Collins factors demonstrates that admission of the evidence would not bring the administration of justice into disrepute and the evidence should be admitted, warranting a new trial.

05

Court’s reasoning

  1. 01

    Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms s.24(2)

    Evidence obtained in breach of Charter rights must be excluded under s.24(2) if its admission would bring the administration of justice into disrepute

  2. 02

    R. v. Collins, [1987] 1 S.C.R. 265

    Guiding test for exclusion under s.24(2) involving seriousness of state conduct, impact on rights, and society's interest in adjudication of the case

06

Ratio, limits and disposition

Ratio decidendi

Assuming without deciding that a Charter breach occurred, applying the Collins factors the Court concluded that admitting the narcotics evidence would not bring the administration of justice into disrepute; exclusion was therefore erroneous and the Court of Appeal's order for a new trial was correct.

Obiter and limits

  • The Court expressly assumed without deciding that the narcotic was found in violation of the appellant's Charter rights

Court disposition

Appeal dismissed

  • Appeal dismissed
  • Acquittal set aside and new trial ordered (per Saskatchewan Court of Appeal)

Source and reliance status

Supreme Court of Canada · 30 March 1992

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Judgment text

The complete available source text.

Source document

Supreme Court of Canada

Judgment· 30 March 1992

[1992] 1 SCR 836

R. v. Duncanson Collection Supreme Court Judgments Date 1992-03-30 Report [1992] 1 SCR 836 Case number 22644 Judges Lamer, Antonio; L'Heureux-Dubé, Claire; Sopinka, John; Gonthier, Charles Doherty; Stevenson, William On appeal from Saskatchewan Subjects Constitutional law Notes SCC Case Information: 22644 Decision Content R. v. Duncanson, [1992] 1 S.C.R. 836 James Ross Duncanson Appellant v. Her Majesty The Queen as represented by the Attorney General of Canada Respondent Indexed as: R. v. Duncanson File No.: 22644. 1992: March 30. Present: Lamer C.J. and L'Heureux‑Dubé, Sopinka, Gonthier and Stevenson JJ. on appeal from the court of appeal for saskatchewan Constitutional law ‑‑ Charter of Rights ‑‑ Admissibility of evidence ‑‑ Bringing administration of justice into disrepute ‑‑ Whether trial judge erred in excluding narcotics evidence under s. 24(2) of Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms . Cases Cited Applied: R. v. Collins, [1987] 1 S.C.R.

265. Statutes and Regulations Cited Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms . APPEAL from a judgment of the Saskatchewan Court of Appeal (1991), 93 Sask. R. 193, 4 W.A.C. 193, 30 M.V.R. (2d) 17, setting aside the accused's acquittal on a charge of possession of narcotics for the purpose of trafficking and ordering a new trial. Appeal dismissed. Barry M. Singer, for the appellant. Bernard Laprade, for the respondent. //Lamer C.J.// The judgment of the Court was delivered orally by Lamer C.J. ‑‑ This appeal comes to us as of right. Assuming without deciding that the narcotic was found in violation of the appellant's rights under the Charter , we are all of the view that, under the circumstances of this case and in applying the principles enunciated in R. v. Collins, [1987] 1 S.C.R. 265, admitting the evidence would not bring the administration of justice into disrepute. For these reasons the appeal is dismissed. Judgment accordingly. Solicitors for the appellant: Hnatyshyn Singer, Saskatoon. Solicitor for the respondent: John C. Tait, Ottawa.

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Authorities

Authorities used by the court

Cases, legislation, regulations, and constitutional provisions identified in the available record.

R. v. Collins, [1987] 1 S.C.R. 265

Case cited

Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms

Legislation

Legislation referenced in the available case record.

Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms s.24(2)

Legislation

Legislation referenced in the available case record.

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