Canada Judgment

Supreme Court of Canada

R. v. Sawyer

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Source document

01

Holding and result

The mandatory firearms prohibition in s.100 of the Criminal Code does not violate s.12 of the Charter in the circumstances of this case; no constitutional exemption was appropriate; the Court dismissed the appellants' challenge and upheld the sentence.

Court disposition

Appeal dismissed.

Orders

  • Appeal dismissed.

02

Material facts

Parties

Wayne T. Sawyer

Appellant Counsel: Mark L. J. Edwards

Phillip R. Sawyer

Appellant Counsel: Mark L. J. Edwards

Her Majesty The Queen

Respondent Counsel: David Butt; Karen Manarin

Attorney General of Canada

Intervener Counsel: William H. Corbett, Q.C.; Robert J. Frater

Attorney General of Quebec

Intervener Counsel: Gilles Laporte; Monique Rousseau

Wes Kirk

Intervener Counsel: David E. Harris

03

Procedural history

  1. Posture

    Criminal Appeal / Appeal to the Supreme Court of Canada From the Ontario Court of Appeal; Appeal From Sentence

04

Questions and positions

Legal issues

Party arguments

Applicant
Appellants argued that the mandatory prohibition in s.100 constitutes cruel and unusual punishment contrary to s.12 of the Charter because it imposes disproportionate hardship on them given their legitimate employment uses of explosives and firearms (stonemasonry involving explosives and seasonal hunting guide work) and thus an exemption or relief is required.
Respondent
The Crown submitted that s.100 does not offend s.12; that even assuming the availability of constitutional exemptions, none should be granted in this case; and that the appellants may properly be sentenced under the amended s.100.

05

Court’s reasoning

  1. 01

    Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms s.12

    Protection against cruel and unusual punishment prohibits sentences that are grossly disproportionate

  2. 02

    Criminal Code, R.S.C., 1985, c. C-46, s.100

    Section 100 of the Criminal Code imposes a mandatory prohibition against possession of firearms or ammunition as part of sentencing for certain offences

  3. 03

    Supreme Court of Canada decision in R. v. Sawyer, [1992] 3 S.C.R. 809

    The availability of constitutional exemptions may be assumed in a case without deciding their general availability; such exemptions are exceptional and not warranted where facts do not justify them

06

Ratio, limits and disposition

Ratio decidendi

The mandatory firearms prohibition in s.100 of the Criminal Code does not violate s.12 of the Charter in the circumstances of this case; no constitutional exemption was appropriate; the Court dismissed the appellants' challenge and upheld the sentence.

Obiter and limits

  • Court assumed without deciding that constitutional exemptions to s.100 might be available in principle
  • Court assumed without deciding that the appellants could be sentenced under the amended s.100, but found on the facts no different result was warranted

Court disposition

Appeal dismissed.

  • Appeal dismissed.

Source and reliance status

Supreme Court of Canada · 2 December 1992

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Judgment text

The complete available source text.

Source document

Supreme Court of Canada

Judgment· 2 December 1992

[1992] 3 SCR 809

R. v. Sawyer Collection Supreme Court Judgments Date 1992-12-02 Report [1992] 3 SCR 809 Case number 22755 Judges Lamer, Antonio; La Forest, Gérard V.; Sopinka, John; Gonthier, Charles Doherty; Cory, Peter deCarteret; McLachlin, Beverley; Iacobucci, Frank On appeal from Ontario Subjects Constitutional law Notes SCC Case Information: 22755 Decision Content R. v. Sawyer, [1992] 3 S.C.R. 809 Wayne T. Sawyer and Phillip R. Sawyer Appellants v. Her Majesty The Queen Respondent and The Attorney General of Canada, the Attorney General of Quebec, and Wes Kirk Interveners Indexed as: R. v. Sawyer File No.: 22755. 1992: December 2. Present: Lamer C.J. and La Forest, Sopinka, Gonthier, Cory, McLachlin and Iacobucci JJ. on appeal from the court of appeal for ontario Constitutional law ‑‑ Cruel and unusual punishment ‑‑ Criminal law ‑‑ Sentencing ‑‑ Sentence including mandatory prohibition against possession of firearms or ammunition ‑‑ Appellants' employment as stonemasons involving use of explosives and seasonal employment as hunting guides involving use of hunting rifles ‑‑ Whether mandatory prohibition cruel and unusual punishment ‑‑ Criminal Code, R.S.C., 1985, c. C‑46, s. 100 ‑‑ Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms, s. 12 . Statutes and Regulations Cited Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms, s. 12 . Criminal Code, R.S.C., 1985, c. C‑46, s. 100 . APPEAL from a judgment of the

Ontario Court of Appeal dismissing an appeal from sentence imposed by Kerr J. Appeal dismissed. Mark L. J. Edwards, for the appellants. David Butt and Karen Manarin, for the respondent. William H. Corbett, Q.C., and Robert J. Frater, for the intervener the Attorney General of Canada. Gilles Laporte and Monique Rousseau, for the intervener the Attorney General of Quebec. David E. Harris, for the intervener Wes Kirk (written submission only). //Lamer C.J.// The judgment of the Court was delivered orally by Lamer C.J. ‑‑ We are all of the view that s. 100 of the Criminal Code, R.S.C., 1985, c. C‑46 , does not offend s. 12 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms . Assuming without deciding the availability of constitutional exemptions, we do not feel that this is a proper case where one should be granted. Also assuming without deciding that the appellants may be sentenced under the amended s. 100 , we find that on the facts of this case the result should not have been different. Accordingly, the appeal is dismissed. Judgment accordingly. Solicitors for the appellants: Beard, Winter, Toronto. Solicitor for the respondent: The Attorney General for Ontario, Toronto. Solicitor for the intervener the Attorney General of Canada: John C. Tait, Ottawa. Solicitor for the intervener the Attorney General of Quebec: The Attorney General of Quebec, Ste‑Foy. Solicitors for the intervener Wes Kirk: Carter & Minden, Toronto.

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Authorities

Authorities used by the court

Cases, legislation, regulations, and constitutional provisions identified in the available record.

Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms, s.12

Legislation

Legislation referenced in the available case record.

Criminal Code, R.S.C., 1985, c. C-46, s.100

Legislation

Legislation referenced in the available case record.

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