R. v. Sawyer
- Citation
- [1992] 3 SCR 809
- Status
- Judgment
- Jurisdiction
- Canada
- Court
- Supreme Court of Canada
- Decision
- 2 December 1992
- Posture
- Criminal Appeal / Appeal to the Supreme Court of Canada From the Ontario Court of Appeal; Appeal From Sentence
- Language
- English
More details
- Court
- Supreme Court of Canada
- Decision
- 2 December 1992
- Posture
- Criminal Appeal / Appeal to the Supreme Court of Canada From the Ontario Court of Appeal; Appeal From Sentence
- Language
- English
On this page
Professional case brief
Research organized from the available case record
01
Holding and result
The mandatory firearms prohibition in s.100 of the Criminal Code does not violate s.12 of the Charter in the circumstances of this case; no constitutional exemption was appropriate; the Court dismissed the appellants' challenge and upheld the sentence.
Court disposition
Appeal dismissed.
Orders
- Appeal dismissed.
02
Material facts
Parties
Wayne T. Sawyer
Appellant Counsel: Mark L. J. EdwardsPhillip R. Sawyer
Appellant Counsel: Mark L. J. EdwardsHer Majesty The Queen
Respondent Counsel: David Butt; Karen ManarinAttorney General of Canada
Intervener Counsel: William H. Corbett, Q.C.; Robert J. FraterAttorney General of Quebec
Intervener Counsel: Gilles Laporte; Monique RousseauWes Kirk
Intervener Counsel: David E. Harris03
Procedural history
Posture
Criminal Appeal / Appeal to the Supreme Court of Canada From the Ontario Court of Appeal; Appeal From Sentence
04
Questions and positions
Legal issues
- 01
Whether s.100 of the Criminal Code mandating a prohibition against possession of firearms or ammunition violates s.12 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms (cruel and unusual punishment)
- 02
Whether the appellants could be sentenced under the amended s.100
- 03
Whether a constitutional exemption from s.100 is available and appropriate in this case
- 04
Whether the mandatory prohibition is disproportionate given the appellants' employment use of explosives and hunting rifles
Party arguments
- Applicant
- Appellants argued that the mandatory prohibition in s.100 constitutes cruel and unusual punishment contrary to s.12 of the Charter because it imposes disproportionate hardship on them given their legitimate employment uses of explosives and firearms (stonemasonry involving explosives and seasonal hunting guide work) and thus an exemption or relief is required.
- Respondent
- The Crown submitted that s.100 does not offend s.12; that even assuming the availability of constitutional exemptions, none should be granted in this case; and that the appellants may properly be sentenced under the amended s.100.
05
Court’s reasoning
Legal principles
- 01
Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms s.12
Protection against cruel and unusual punishment prohibits sentences that are grossly disproportionate
- 02
Criminal Code, R.S.C., 1985, c. C-46, s.100
Section 100 of the Criminal Code imposes a mandatory prohibition against possession of firearms or ammunition as part of sentencing for certain offences
- 03
Supreme Court of Canada decision in R. v. Sawyer, [1992] 3 S.C.R. 809
The availability of constitutional exemptions may be assumed in a case without deciding their general availability; such exemptions are exceptional and not warranted where facts do not justify them
06
Ratio, limits and disposition
Ratio decidendi
The mandatory firearms prohibition in s.100 of the Criminal Code does not violate s.12 of the Charter in the circumstances of this case; no constitutional exemption was appropriate; the Court dismissed the appellants' challenge and upheld the sentence.
Obiter and limits
- Court assumed without deciding that constitutional exemptions to s.100 might be available in principle
- Court assumed without deciding that the appellants could be sentenced under the amended s.100, but found on the facts no different result was warranted
Court disposition
Appeal dismissed.
- Appeal dismissed.
Source and reliance status
Supreme Court of Canada · 2 December 1992
This page organises the available record for research. Confirm quotations, current status, and subsequent treatment against the official source before relying on the case.
Judgment reading view
Judgment text
The complete available source text.
Supreme Court of Canada
Judgment· 2 December 1992
R. v. Sawyer Collection Supreme Court Judgments Date 1992-12-02 Report [1992] 3 SCR 809 Case number 22755 Judges Lamer, Antonio; La Forest, Gérard V.; Sopinka, John; Gonthier, Charles Doherty; Cory, Peter deCarteret; McLachlin, Beverley; Iacobucci, Frank On appeal from Ontario Subjects Constitutional law Notes SCC Case Information: 22755 Decision Content R. v. Sawyer, [1992] 3 S.C.R. 809 Wayne T. Sawyer and Phillip R. Sawyer Appellants v. Her Majesty The Queen Respondent and The Attorney General of Canada, the Attorney General of Quebec, and Wes Kirk Interveners Indexed as: R. v. Sawyer File No.: 22755. 1992: December 2. Present: Lamer C.J. and La Forest, Sopinka, Gonthier, Cory, McLachlin and Iacobucci JJ. on appeal from the court of appeal for ontario Constitutional law ‑‑ Cruel and unusual punishment ‑‑ Criminal law ‑‑ Sentencing ‑‑ Sentence including mandatory prohibition against possession of firearms or ammunition ‑‑ Appellants' employment as stonemasons involving use of explosives and seasonal employment as hunting guides involving use of hunting rifles ‑‑ Whether mandatory prohibition cruel and unusual punishment ‑‑ Criminal Code, R.S.C., 1985, c. C‑46, s. 100 ‑‑ Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms, s. 12 . Statutes and Regulations Cited Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms, s. 12 . Criminal Code, R.S.C., 1985, c. C‑46, s. 100 . APPEAL from a judgment of the
Ontario Court of Appeal dismissing an appeal from sentence imposed by Kerr J. Appeal dismissed. Mark L. J. Edwards, for the appellants. David Butt and Karen Manarin, for the respondent. William H. Corbett, Q.C., and Robert J. Frater, for the intervener the Attorney General of Canada. Gilles Laporte and Monique Rousseau, for the intervener the Attorney General of Quebec. David E. Harris, for the intervener Wes Kirk (written submission only). //Lamer C.J.// The judgment of the Court was delivered orally by Lamer C.J. ‑‑ We are all of the view that s. 100 of the Criminal Code, R.S.C., 1985, c. C‑46 , does not offend s. 12 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms . Assuming without deciding the availability of constitutional exemptions, we do not feel that this is a proper case where one should be granted. Also assuming without deciding that the appellants may be sentenced under the amended s. 100 , we find that on the facts of this case the result should not have been different. Accordingly, the appeal is dismissed. Judgment accordingly. Solicitors for the appellants: Beard, Winter, Toronto. Solicitor for the respondent: The Attorney General for Ontario, Toronto. Solicitor for the intervener the Attorney General of Canada: John C. Tait, Ottawa. Solicitor for the intervener the Attorney General of Quebec: The Attorney General of Quebec, Ste‑Foy. Solicitors for the intervener Wes Kirk: Carter & Minden, Toronto.
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