Canada Judgment

Court of Appeal for Ontario

R. v. Watts

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01

Holding and result

The Court held that the sentencing judge did not err in principle in refusing enhanced pre-sentence custody credit because it was open to the judge to find that enhanced credit would unacceptably reduce the required period of separation from society and because the LTSO continued to run while the appellant was in custody; the appellate court must defer to that discretionary assessment.

Court disposition

Leave to appeal sentence granted; appeal against sentence dismissed.

Orders

  • Leave to appeal sentence granted
  • Sentence appeal dismissed
  • Original sentence of three years imprisonment upheld with pre-sentence custody credit applied at 1:1

02

Material facts

Parties

His Majesty the King

Respondent Counsel: Stephanie Pak

Christopher Watts

Appellant Counsel: Joseph Wilkinson

Amounts and remedies

  • Sentence Length Years: 3

03

Procedural history

  1. Posture

    Criminal Appeal / Appeal From Sentence at Court of Appeal

04

Questions and positions

Legal issues

Party arguments

Applicant
Appellant argued the sentencing judge erred by refusing enhanced credit for pre-sentence custody, particularly given harsh custodial conditions that warranted more than 1:1 credit.
Respondent
Crown argued the sentencing judge did not err: the LTSO continued to run while the appellant was in custody, enhanced credit would unduly reduce the necessary period of separation from society, and the judge's discretionary decision warranted deference.

05

Court’s reasoning

  1. 01

    Common law

    Sentencing judges have discretion to award or refuse enhanced credit for pre-sentence custody

  2. 02

    Appellate jurisprudence

    Appellate courts owe deference to discretionary sentencing decisions and will not intervene absent an error in principle or demonstrable unreasonableness

  3. 03

    Common law

    Harsh conditions of pre-sentence custody may justify enhanced credit where properly raised and proven

  4. 04

    This decision

    Continuation of a Long-Term Supervision Order while in custody is a relevant factor that can weigh against granting enhanced credit

06

Ratio, limits and disposition

Ratio decidendi

The Court held that the sentencing judge did not err in principle in refusing enhanced pre-sentence custody credit because it was open to the judge to find that enhanced credit would unacceptably reduce the required period of separation from society and because the LTSO continued to run while the appellant was in custody; the appellate court must defer to that discretionary assessment.

Obiter and limits

  • The Court noted that even if harsh custodial conditions had been raised before the sentencing judge, the judge’s assessment that such conditions would not justify enhanced credit would likely remain unaffected.
  • The Court observed that the LTSO continued to run while the appellant was in custody and treated that as a factor relevant to sentencing credit.

Court disposition

Leave to appeal sentence granted; appeal against sentence dismissed.

  • Leave to appeal sentence granted
  • Sentence appeal dismissed
  • Original sentence of three years imprisonment upheld with pre-sentence custody credit applied at 1:1

Source and reliance status

Court of Appeal for Ontario · 18 December 2025

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Source document

Court of Appeal for Ontario

Judgment· 18 December 2025

2025 ONCA 885

R. v. Watts Collection Decisions of the Court of Appeal Date 2025-12-18 Neutral citation 2025 ONCA 885 Docket numbers COA-25-CR-0243 Judges Fairburn, J. Michal; Monahan, Patrick J.; Pomerance, Renee M. Subject Criminal Decision Content

COURT OF APPEAL FOR ONTARIO CITATION: R. v. Watts, 2025 ONCA 885 DATE: 20251218 DOCKET: COA-25-CR-0243 Fairburn A.C.J.O., Monahan and Pomerance JJ.A.

BETWEEN His Majesty the King Respondent and Christopher Watts Appellant Joseph Wilkinson, for the appellant Stephanie Pak, for the respondent Heard and rendered orally: December 17, 2025 On appeal from the from the sentence imposed by Justice David Berg of the Ontario Court of Justice, on May 30, 2024.

REASONS FOR DECISION [1] The appellant pleaded guilty to breaching his Long-Term Supervision Order (LTSO) and was sentenced to three years imprisonment, less pre-sentence custody credited at a rate of 1:1. The appellant worked at a garden centre that employed female high school students, in breach of a condition in his LTSO preventing him from being in the presence of girls under the age of 18 unless supervised by an approved person who knows his criminal history. [2] He seeks leave to appeal his sentence alleging that the sentencing judge made 3 errors in principle, with counsel focused on one in oral submissions, specifically, the failure to award enhanced credit for pre-sentence custody, particularly in light of harsh custodial conditions. [3] Despite the able submissions of Mr. Wilkinson, the sentencing judge did not err in refusing to grant enhanced credit for pre-sentence custody. We note that the LTSO continued to run while the appellant was held in custody. Nor do we find that the harsh conditions of pre-sentence custody, even if they had been raised before the sentencing judge, would have affected his decision not to award enhanced credit. It was open to the trial judge to find that granting enhanced credit for pre-sentence custody would decrease the appellant’s necessary period of separation from society to an unacceptable level. We owe deference to that discretionary determination and decline to intervene. [4] Accordingly, while we grant leave to appeal sentence, the sentence appeal is dismissed. “Fairburn A.C.J.O.” “P.J. Monahan J.A.” “R. Pomerance J.A.”

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