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Criminal law 2022 SCC 44

R. v. Ramelson

The Supreme Court of Canada dismissed the appeal in R. v. Ramelson, holding that Project Raphael was a bona fide online inquiry and did not entrap the appellant.

  • Entrapment
  • Bona fide inquiry
  • Reasonable suspicion
  • Child luring
  • Virtual-space investigations
  • Sting operations
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Criminal law 2021 ONCA 328

R. v. Ramelson

The Court of Appeal allowed the Crown appeal, held Project Raphael qualified as a bona fide police inquiry into the escorts section of Backpage, concluded the police had reasonable suspicion tied to that virtual space (and it was sufficiently precise and narrowly scoped), and therefore police were permitted to offer the opportunity to commit offences to respondents without individualized reasonable suspicion; accordingly the trial judge erred in staying proceedings for entrapment and the stay was set aside and matter remitted for sentencing.

  • Entrapment
  • Bona fide inquiry
  • Reasonable suspicion
  • Undercover online investigations
  • Child luring
  • Communicating to obtain sexual services
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Canada decisions are organised by court, judge, legal area and indexed issue so a practitioner can move from a proposition to a citable authority with the surrounding context intact.