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Criminal law 2026 ONCA 214

R. v. Nguyen

The Ontario Court of Appeal dismissed an appeal from conviction for importing heroin, upholding the trial judge’s credibility findings and rejection of the defence.

  • Importation of drugs
  • Mens rea/knowledge
  • Credibility findings
  • Disclosure/miscarriage of justice
  • New evidence on appeal
  • Criminal-law
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Criminal law 2024 ONCA 348

R. v. Pontigo

The trial judge's adverse credibility findings and inferences from the totality of circumstantial evidence were open on the record; the receipt in Padilla's name did not exculpate the appellant but corroborated joint involvement; there was no impermissible burden shift; the Browne v. Dunn misapplication was harmless in context; applying s.686(1)(b)(iii) the conviction is safe and the appeal is dismissed.

  • Importation of drugs
  • Knowledge/actus reus and mens rea
  • Circumstantial evidence
  • Credibility assessment (w.(d.))
  • Browne v. dunn rule
  • Burden of proof
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Criminal law 2022 BCSC 516

R. v. Hecock

The court accepted a joint submission and sentenced Zacchary Marcus Scott Hecock to 10 years concurrent custody for methamphetamine importation and trafficking, with ancillary orders.

  • Importation of drugs
  • Trafficking
  • Gladue principles (s.718.2(e))
  • Joint sentence submission
  • Denunciation and deterrence
  • Weapons prohibition (s.109)
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Criminal 2022 ONCA 114

R. v. Mascarenas

The Court upheld the conviction because the trial judge gave adequate reasons that, taken together (sophistication of the import scheme, implausibility and inconsistency of the appellant's accounts, accessible nature of appliances in Canada), supported the inference that the appellant knowingly participated in the importation; Villaroman was applied implicitly and disbelief of the appellant did not amount to reversing the burden.

  • Importation of drugs
  • Controlled delivery
  • Circumstantial evidence
  • Credibility
  • Burden of proof
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Criminal law 2021 ONCA 559

R. v. Thompson

The appeal is dismissed because the trial judge applied the correct subjective test for wilful blindness and alternatively made a finding of actual knowledge supported by powerful evidence (quantity and value of drugs, concealment in suitcases packed by the appellant, appellant's fingerprint); any alleged error on wilful blindness would be immaterial in light of the alternative finding of actual knowledge, and the other complained-of errors did not affect the verdict.

  • Wilful blindness
  • Mens rea
  • Importation of drugs
  • After-the-fact conduct
  • Judicial notice
  • Standard of proof
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Criminal law 2020 ONCA 780

R. v. Anderson

The appeals are dismissed because a properly instructed jury could reasonably conclude on the circumstantial evidence that the appellants aided the importation (the package was not factually complete until in possession of the ultimate domestic recipient, Donovan Gordon) and that knowledge could be established directly or by wilful blindness; therefore the convictions and sentences are upheld.

  • Importation of drugs
  • Possession for the purpose of trafficking
  • Wilful blindness
  • Circumstantial evidence
  • Unreasonable verdict
  • Kienapple doctrine
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Criminal law 2020 ONCA 820

R. v. Cox

The appeal is allowed because the trial judge repeatedly stated the conclusion as 'knew or was wilfully blind' and there was no air of reality for wilful blindness; those references indicate the judge may not have been satisfied beyond a reasonable doubt of actual knowledge. The curative proviso cannot be applied because the error was not trivial and the evidence was not overwhelming. The conviction is set aside and a new trial is ordered.

  • Importation of drugs
  • Wilful blindness
  • Actual knowledge
  • Curative proviso
  • Appeal from conviction
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Criminal law 2020 BCSC 1641

R. v. Subramaniam

The court sentenced Rajkumar Subramaniam to eight years for importing 14.79 kg of methamphetamine and six concurrent years for possession for trafficking.

  • Importation of drugs
  • Possession for purpose of trafficking
  • Sentencing principles
  • Parity principle
  • Denunciation and deterrence
  • Weapons prohibition
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Criminal law 2020 BCSC 900

R. v. Demirovic

Sentencing decision for Azra Demirovic, convicted of importing and possessing heroin for trafficking. The court imposed concurrent custodial sentences and ancillary orders.

  • Importation of drugs
  • Possession for the purpose of trafficking
  • Mandatory minimum sentences
  • Sentencing range and exceptions
  • Ancillary orders
  • Drug-importation
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Criminal law 2020 BCSC 861

R v. Esparza-Ochoa

Sentencing for importing 12.8 kg of methamphetamine was set at eight years, with enhanced credit for pre-trial custody and ancillary orders.

  • Importation of drugs
  • Methamphetamine
  • Courier/mule role
  • General deterrence
  • Pre-trial custody credit
  • Forfeiture
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Canada decisions are organised by court, judge, legal area and indexed issue so a practitioner can move from a proposition to a citable authority with the surrounding context intact.