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England and Wales Case Law

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Civil procedure

Transport for London v Persons Unknown & Ors

The 27 March 2025 statement by Just Stop Oil constituted a material change of circumstances, but the short period since the statement and ongoing evidence of risk meant it was premature to discharge the injunctions. The injunctions should remain in force for up to six more months, with an earlier review in November 2025 to assess whether the risk of road-blocking protests had truly dissipated.

Source excerpt

  • Injunctions
  • Protest law
  • Freedom of assembly
  • Civil disobedience
  • Review of injunctions
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Civil procedure [2025] EWHC 3005 (KB)

Transport for London v Persons Unknown & Ors

Transport for London v Persons Unknown & Ors [2025] EWHC 3005 (KB) (17 November 2025)

The High Court continued TfL’s final injunctions against road-blocking protest groups, but only until an earlier review in November 2025. It also amended a costs order under the slip rule.

  • Injunctions
  • Protest law
  • Civil disobedience
  • Review of injunctions
  • Persons unknown
  • Slip rule
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Civil procedure

Teledyne UK Ltd v Mary Ensell & Anor

Defendants did not have actual knowledge of the Injunction Order before the protest; acquired knowledge at 7am during the protest but did not fully appreciate its seriousness. Their culpability was limited, harm caused was minor, and both expressed genuine remorse. Custody threshold was passed due to length of breach after knowledge, but custodial term suspended due to mitigation, lack of prior convictions, and protester bargain.

Source excerpt

  • Protest injunctions
  • Sanctions for contempt
  • Burden and standard of proof
  • Civil disobedience
  • Suspended sentences
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Civil procedure [2025] EWHC 2164 (KB)

Teledyne UK Ltd v Ensell & Anor

Teledyne UK Ltd v Ensell & Anor [2025] EWHC 2164 (KB) (18 August 2025)

The High Court imposed suspended contempt sentences on two protestors who breached a Teledyne injunction, finding they lacked actual knowledge until warned by security.

  • Protest injunctions
  • Sanctions for contempt
  • Burden and standard of proof in contempt
  • Civil disobedience
  • Suspended sentences
  • Contempt-of-court
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Civil procedure

Jockey Club Racecourses Limited v Kidby & Ors

A custodial sentence of two months, suspended for 18 months, is the minimum proportionate sanction for the defendant's admitted contempt, reflecting the seriousness of the breach, the deliberate nature of the conduct, the limited harm, significant mitigation including early admission, remorse, time already spent in custody, and the protest context.

Source excerpt

  • Breach of injunction
  • Civil disobedience
  • Sanctions for contempt
  • Protestor rights
  • Mitigation in contempt proceedings
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Civil procedure [2023] EWHC 2643 (Ch)

Jockey Club Racecourses Ltd v Kidby & Ors

Jockey Club Racecourses Ltd v Kidby & Ors [2023] EWHC 2643 (Ch) (11 October 2023)

The High Court sentenced a protester to two months’ imprisonment, suspended for 18 months, for admitting contempt by breaching an injunction at the Epsom Derby.

  • Breach of injunction
  • Civil disobedience
  • Sanctions for contempt
  • Protest law
  • Contempt-of-court
  • Injunctions
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Civil procedure

HS2 (HIGH SPEED TWO LIMITED) & Anor v WILLIAM HAREWOOD & Ors

The High Court found several HS2 protesters in contempt for breaching an injunction over Cash’s Pit Land, imposing fines, imprisonment, and some suspended sentences or undertakings.

  • Breach of injunction
  • Service of process
  • Sanctions for contempt
  • Protest law
  • Environmental protest
  • Civil disobedience
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Civil procedure

NORTH WARWICKSHIRE BOROUGH COUNCIL v KATE BRAMFITT

Civil contempt sentencing after a protest breached an injunction at Kingsbury Oil Terminal. The court imposed suspended custodial terms and costs orders.

  • Breach of injunction
  • Civil disobedience
  • Sentencing for contempt
  • Costs orders
  • Civil-contempt
  • Injunction-breach
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Civil procedure

NORTH WARWICKSHIRE BOROUGH COUNCIL v NICHOLAS ONLEY

Contempt sentencing after protestors admitted breaching an injunction at Kingsbury Oil Terminal, with a mix of suspended and immediate custodial terms.

  • Breach of injunction
  • Civil disobedience
  • Sentencing for contempt
  • Protest law
  • Contempt-of-court
  • Injunction-breach
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Civil procedure [2022] EWHC 2539 (KB)

North Warwickshire Borough Council v Whittingham & Ors

North Warwickshire Borough Council v Whittingham & Ors [2022] EWHC 2539 (KB) (22 September 2022)

The High Court found six protestors in contempt for breaching an injunction at Kingsbury Oil Terminal, imposed suspended custodial sentences, and ordered costs.

  • Contempt of court
  • Interim injunctions
  • Civil disobedience
  • Sentencing for contempt
  • Protest law
  • Contempt-of-court
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About this LexChat collection

England and Wales decisions are organised by court, judge, legal area and indexed issue so a practitioner can move from a proposition to a citable authority with the surrounding context intact.

Source links and collection timestamps are retained alongside the indexed records.