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England and Wales Case Law

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Employment law

Equans Services Ltd v Cameron Bennett

The Employment Appeal Tribunal held that the tribunal wrongly extended time for an age discrimination claim without properly weighing delay and forensic prejudice.

  • Extension of time
  • Age discrimination
  • Just and equitable discretion
  • Forensic prejudice
  • Extension-of-time
  • Age-discrimination
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Employment law

Concentrix CVG Intelligent Contact Limited v D Obi

The Employment Appeal Tribunal held that a just and equitable extension of time was not barred simply because no explanation for delay was shown, but it allowed the appeal on forensic prejudice.

  • Extension of time
  • Sexual harassment
  • Harassment related to race
  • Limitation periods
  • Just and equitable discretion
  • Forensic prejudice
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Civil procedure

Azam v University Hospital Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust

High Court appeal on section 33 limitation discretion in a clinical negligence claim. The appeal was dismissed, with the judge below upheld on prejudice and balancing.

  • Limitation of actions
  • Discretionary exclusion of limitation period
  • Clinical negligence
  • Forensic prejudice
  • Exercise of judicial discretion
  • Clinical-negligence
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Civil procedure [2020] EWHC 3384

Azam v University Hospital Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust

Azam v University Hospital Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust [2020] EWHC 3384 (QB) (10 December 2020)

High Court appeal on section 33 limitation discretion in a clinical negligence claim dismissed; the judge was entitled to permit the out-of-time negligence claim.

  • Limitation of actions
  • Discretion under limitation act 1980 s.33
  • Clinical negligence
  • Forensic prejudice
  • Appellate review of discretion
  • Clinical-negligence
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Personal injury [2010] EWCA Civ 1642

Cairns -Jones & Ors v Tyler & Anor

Cairns -Jones & Ors v Tyler & Anor [2010] EWCA Civ 1642 (25 November 2010)

Appeal against refusal to extend time for out-of-time personal injury claims under section 33 of the Limitation Act 1980 was dismissed.

  • Limitation periods
  • Section 33 limitation act 1980 discretion
  • Personal injury claims
  • Forensic prejudice
  • Proportionality of costs
  • Knowledge of injury
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Civil procedure

Cairns -Jones & Ors v Tyler & Anor

The Court of Appeal upheld a refusal to extend limitation time for out-of-time personal injury claims arising from vibration exposure in upholstery work.

  • Limitation of actions
  • Discretion to extend limitation period
  • Section 33 limitation act
  • Personal injury claims
  • Forensic prejudice
  • Proportionality of costs
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Civil procedure [2009] EWCA Civ 1257

McDonnell & Anor v Walker & Anor

McDonnell & Anor v Walker & Anor [2009] EWCA Civ 1257 (24 November 2009)

Court of Appeal refused to disapply the limitation period in a personal injury case, finding the claimants’ long delay caused real forensic prejudice to the defendant.

  • Limitation of actions
  • Discretion to disapply limitation
  • Forensic prejudice
  • Personal injury claims
  • Professional negligence
  • Limitation-of-actions
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Civil procedure

McDonnell & Anor v Walker & Anor

The Court of Appeal refused section 33 relief in a personal injury limitation case, holding that the claimants’ delay caused forensic prejudice to the defendant.

  • Limitation of actions
  • Discretion to disapply limitation period
  • Forensic prejudice
  • Negligence by solicitors
  • Limitation-of-actions
  • Section-33-discretion
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Limitation of actions

Cain v Francis

The Court of Appeal considered section 33 of the Limitation Act 1980 in two personal injury appeals and held that a lost limitation defence is not, by itself, relevant prejudice.

  • Discretion under limitation act
  • Section 33 limitation act 1980
  • Prejudice in limitation cases
  • Windfall limitation defence
  • Forensic prejudice
  • Limitation-of-actions
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England and Wales decisions are organised by court, judge, legal area and indexed issue so a practitioner can move from a proposition to a citable authority with the surrounding context intact.