England and Wales Case Law

Wolverhampton City Council & Ors v Persons Unknown & Ors

There have been no material changes in fact or law to justify discharge of the injunction or power of arrest. The Second Claimant is permitted to discontinue its claim. The injunction and power of arrest are continued (with minor amendments) for the remaining Claimants until 1 March 2027, with clarification of service and signage requirements and removal of the Second Claimant's area.

Source excerpt

• Injunctions against persons unknown
• Anti-social behaviour
• Street racing
• Power of arrest
• Alternative service
• Review hearings

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Birmingham City Council v Persons Unknown who participate or

There have been no material changes in fact or law since the last review to justify discharge or variation of the injunction and power of arrest. The orders have had a deterrent effect but the risk of street cruising persists. The procedural and substantive requirements for continuation are met, with minor amendments for clarity and reinstatement of signage requirements.

Source excerpt

• Injunctions
• Persons unknown
• Anti-social behaviour
• Contempt of court
• Alternative service
• Power of arrest

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Wolverhampton City Council & Ors v Persons Unknown & Ors

Wolverhampton City Council & Ors v Persons Unknown & Ors [2026] EWHC 443 (KB) (27 February 2026)

The High Court continued a quasi-final injunction against street racing and related conduct, allowed one council to discontinue, and made minor amendments to scope and service.

• Injunctions
• Power of arrest
• Anti-social behaviour
• Persons unknown
• Service by alternative means
• Discontinuance

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Birmingham City Council v Persons Unknown & Ors

Birmingham City Council v Persons Unknown & Ors [2026] EWHC 442 (KB) (27 February 2026)

The High Court continued a Birmingham anti-street-cruising injunction and power of arrest after finding no material change in fact or law, with minor clarifications to service and duration.

• Injunctions against persons unknown
• Anti-social behaviour
• Street cruising
• Power of arrest
• Alternative service
• Review hearings

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North Warwickshire Borough Council v Defendants Listed at Schedule A

North Warwickshire Borough Council v Defendants Listed at Schedule A [2025] EWHC 2403 (KB) (23 September 2025)

First annual review of a protest injunction at Kingsbury Oil Terminal. The court continued the injunction and power of arrest, approved alternative service, and found no material change.

• Injunctions against protest
• Persons unknown defendants
• Alternative service
• Power of arrest
• Annual review of injunction
• Environmental protest

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North Warwickshire Borough Council v The Defendants Listed at Schedule A to this Judgment

On review, the High Court continued an injunction and power of arrest over protest activity at Kingsbury Oil Terminal, finding no material change in facts or law.

• Injunctions
• Persons unknown
• Protest law
• Service of process
• Power of arrest
• Contempt of court

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Bristol City Council v Persons Unknown

The Claimant is entitled to a permanent injunction and anti-social behaviour injunction against persons unknown occupying the Downs, as repeated trespass and anti-social behaviour have been proven, no realistic defence exists, the terms are proportionate, and damages are inadequate. Power of arrest is justified due to significant risk of harm.

Source excerpt

• Trespass
• Injunctions
• Anti-social behaviour
• Quia timet relief
• Article 8 echr
• Public space protection

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Test Valley Borough Council & Anor v Albert Bowers & Ors

The claimants proved, through overwhelming and unchallenged evidence, that repeated unauthorised encampments and associated activities caused significant harm, nuisance, and breaches of planning control within defined areas. Statutory and other remedies were inadequate. The court found it just, proportionate, and necessary to grant final injunctive relief, including against persons unknown, with a power of arrest, subject to strict territorial and temporal limits and procedural safeguards.

Source excerpt

• Injunctions
• Breach of planning control
• Unauthorised encampments
• Power of arrest
• Persons unknown
• Public nuisance

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Notting Hill Genesis v Omed Kakpur

The evidence establishes the defendant engaged in anti-social behaviour causing harassment, alarm, distress, and housing-related nuisance or annoyance. The interim injunction and power of arrest are necessary and proportionate to protect the claimant's staff and interests, balancing the defendant's rights and circumstances. The order is continued for four months with liberty to apply.

Source excerpt

• Anti-social behaviour injunction
• Power of arrest
• Disability protections
• Legal aid
• Proportionality
• Harassment

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Notting Hill Genesis v Kakpur

Notting Hill Genesis v Kakpur [2025] EWHC 471 (KB) (28 February 2025)

The High Court continued an interim anti-social behaviour injunction against a tenant, with a power of arrest, for four months and allowed liberty to apply.

• Anti-social behaviour injunction
• Power of arrest
• Disability discrimination
• Legal aid entitlement
• Freedom of expression
• Anti-social-behaviour-injunction

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