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England and Wales Case Law

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Criminal law

Leila Eslami v North Tyneside Magistrates’ Court

The Magistrates’ Court failed to give adequate reasons for its refusal, rendering the decision unlawful and justifying quashing and remittal for reconsideration.

  • Account freezing orders
  • Proceeds of crime
  • Judicial review
  • Reasonable living expenses
  • Adequacy of reasons
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Criminal law [2026] EWHC 573 (Admin)

National Crime Agency v GKC (No.1)

National Crime Agency v GKC (No.1) [2026] EWHC 573 (Admin) (13 March 2026)

The High Court refused to discharge an unexplained wealth order and interim freezing order, holding that the NCA had made proper enquiries and could rely on disclosed open-source material.

  • Unexplained wealth orders
  • Interim freezing orders
  • Proceeds of crime
  • Money laundering
  • Dual criminality
  • Full and frank disclosure
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Criminal law [2026] EWCA Crim 384

Pilley, R. v

Pilley, R. v [2026] EWCA Crim 384 (25 February 2026)

The Court of Appeal Criminal Division refused leave to appeal and an extension of time in Andrew Pilley’s case, holding that fresh ADHD evidence did not make the convictions unsafe.

  • Fraudulent trading
  • Fraud by misrepresentation
  • Proceeds of crime
  • Fresh evidence on appeal
  • Neurodevelopmental disorders in criminal trials
  • Effective participation
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Criminal law

R v Danny Hutchinson

Although the sentencing judge took too high a starting point, applying the guidelines correctly leads to the same sentence of three years' imprisonment, which is not manifestly excessive given the seriousness and aggravating features of the offence.

  • Fraud
  • Sentencing
  • Proceeds of crime
  • Mitigation
  • Guilty plea credit
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Criminal law

The Chief Constable of Lincolnshire Police, R (on the application of) v Lincoln Magistrates' Court

The requirements for written application and sworn evidence under the Magistrates’ Courts (Detention and Forfeiture of Cash) Rules 2002 are not bright-line rules. The Magistrates were rationally and lawfully entitled to treat the Interested Party’s oral and written submissions as a valid application under section 297, given the absence of prejudice to the Claimant and the full consideration of evidence. The decision to order immediate release of the cash was not irrational, unlawful, or unfair.

  • Proceeds of crime
  • Cash seizure
  • Detention and forfeiture
  • Procedural compliance
  • Judicial review
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Criminal law [2025] EWHC 3387 (Admin)

O'Brien & Ors v Crown Prosecution Service & Ors

O'Brien & Ors v Crown Prosecution Service & Ors [2025] EWHC 3387 (Admin) (22 December 2025)

Permission for judicial review was refused in three linked EncroChat claims challenging EIOs, JIT data-sharing, Dubai data, proportionality, and time limits.

  • European investigation order
  • Encrochat evidence
  • Joint investigation team
  • Admissibility of evidence
  • Proceeds of crime
  • Investigatory powers
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Criminal law [2025] EWCA Crim 1602

Salem & Anor, R. v

Salem & Anor, R. v [2025] EWCA Crim 1602 (19 December 2025)

The Court of Appeal dismissed challenges to fines and costs for breach of a planning enforcement notice, holding the Crown Court had unlimited sentencing powers and the orders were not excessive.

  • Sentencing powers
  • Proceeds of crime
  • Enforcement notice
  • Costs orders
  • Confiscation proceedings
  • Planning-enforcement-notice
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Criminal law [2025] EWCA Crim 1771

Hutchinson, R. v

Hutchinson, R. v [2025] EWCA Crim 1771 (04 December 2025)

The Court of Appeal upheld a three-year sentence for a sophisticated refund fraud and money laundering scheme, finding the sentence was not manifestly excessive.

  • Fraud
  • Sentencing
  • Proceeds of crime
  • Mitigation
  • Guilty plea reduction
  • Criminal-appeal
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Criminal law

R v Quyen To

The sentence, though at the higher end, was not manifestly excessive given the industrial scale of the operation, the profits generated, the involvement of others, and the continuation of offending after arrest. Consecutive sentences were justified to reflect the distinct criminal activities, and the judge gave adequate consideration to the totality principle.

  • Sentencing
  • Conspiracy
  • Drug offences
  • Proceeds of crime
  • Totality principle
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England and Wales decisions are organised by court, judge, legal area and indexed issue so a practitioner can move from a proposition to a citable authority with the surrounding context intact.