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Environment

IN RE: T.N. GODAVARMAN THIRUMULPAD versus UNION OF INDIA AND OTHERS

The Court accepted the expert findings of IIT Bombay and NEERI that paving the main road (Dasturi Naka to Shivaji Maharaj Statue) with clay paver blocks is the best method to arrest soil erosion, and granted permission to lay clay paver blocks on that road subject to technical measures (no concrete bedding beneath clay pavers, include non-woven geotextile beneath sand bedding, cambering, contour bunds, lateral drains, rumble strips and other IIT/NEERI recommendations); it concurrently directed the State to stop the practice of hand-pulled carts/rickshaws within six months and to formulate and…

Source excerpt

  • Eco sensitive zone (esz)
  • Paver blocks
  • Clay paver blocks
  • Soil erosion
  • E-rickshaws
  • Hand-pulled rickshaws
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Constitutional law

JANHIT ABHIYAN versus UNION OF INDIA

By a majority (3:2) the Court held that the Constitution (One Hundred and Third Amendment) Act, 2019 is constitutionally valid: economic criteria can permissibly be the basis of affirmative action; exclusion of SCs/STs/OBCs (SEBCs) from EWS reservation is a form of compensatory discrimination that does not violate the equality code; and a 10% EWS reservation in addition to existing reservations does not breach the 50% ceiling insofar as that ceiling is not inflexible and principally applies to reservations under Articles 15(4), 15(5) and 16(4). Consequently the challenge to the 103rd Amendmen…

Source excerpt

  • Constitution (one hundred and third amendment) act, 2019
  • Basic structure doctrine
  • Reservation and affirmative action
  • Article 15
  • Article 16
  • Article 368
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Constitutional law

ARJUN GOPALAND ORS versus UNION OF INDIA & ORS.

Given grave air quality situation in NCR, the harmful effect of fireworks requires prioritizing citizens’ rights to clean air over commercial interests of manufacturers and suppliers; suspension of storage and sale licenses in NCR is an appropriate interim measure to protect public health and fundamental rights.

Source excerpt

  • Right to clean air
  • Air pollution
  • Noise pollution
  • Use of fireworks
  • Fundamental rights
  • Directive principles
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Constitutional law

SWARAJ ABHIYAN - (II) versus UNION OF INDIA & ORS.

The Court held that while it cannot mandate States to provide food items beyond statutory entitlements under the NFS Act, it can direct faithful implementation of the Act's provisions. States are obligated to make operational grievance redress machinery, provide food grains to all households in drought-affected areas, and ensure nutritional support for children under the Mid-Day Meal Scheme. Financial constraints cannot excuse these constitutional and statutory obligations.

Source excerpt

  • Right to food
  • Implementation of national food security act
  • Drought relief
  • Mid-day meal scheme
  • Directive principles
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Civil procedure

MANOHARAN versus SIVARAJAN & ORS.

Denial of opportunity to pay court fee or secure legal aid for payment, without due consideration of financial constraints and constitutional mandate of equal justice, is incorrect. Delay in payment is to be condoned, and appellant must be permitted to contest the suit on merits.

Source excerpt

  • Court fee
  • Condonation of delay
  • Directive principles
  • Legal services
  • Equal justice
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Service law

UNION OF INDIA & ORS. versus RAJESH KUMAR GOND

No material was presented to demonstrate a functional distinction between the posts; hence, parity in pay for Junior Hindi Translators is permissible under the principle of equal pay for equal work as recognized in Randhir Singh.

Source excerpt

  • Equal pay for equal work
  • Pay parity
  • Directive principles
  • Equality before law
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Company law

RELIANCE NATURAL RESOURCES LTD. versus RELIANCE INDUSTRIES LTD.

MoU between Ambani family members is not binding on RIL or shareholders, and cannot be incorporated into or override the Scheme sanctioned by Company Court; Company Court has wide powers under Sections 391-394 to supervise and modify schemes for working arrangements, but cannot rewrite their basic fabric. Gas supply arrangement must comply with Government policies, PSC, and broader public interest. Renegotiation must be within government framework, de hors MoU.

Source excerpt

  • Scheme of arrangement
  • Production sharing contract
  • Gas pricing
  • Mou interpretation
  • Public trust doctrine
  • Directive principles
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Administrative law

M/S. DHAMPUR SUGAR MILLS LTD versus STATE OF U.P. AND ORS.

The State Government's obligation to constitute an Advisory Committee under Section 3 of the Uttar Pradesh Sheera Niyantran Adhiniyam, 1964, is mandatory and not discretionary; directives to sugar mills to reserve 20% of molasses apply only when there is balance stock, i.e., excess not used for captive consumption; authorities cannot compel mills with no balance stock to comply; and remedy of appeal under the Act is not an equally efficacious alternative when challenging government policy.

Source excerpt

  • Judicial review
  • Statutory duty vs discretion
  • Alternate remedy
  • Molasses regulation
  • Directive principles
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Constitutional law

M/S ASHOKA SMOKELESS COAL IND. P. LTD. AND ORS. versus UNION OF INDIA AND ORS.

The E-Auction scheme for coal allocation is inequitable, irrational, and fortuitous, failing to meet constitutional obligations under Article 14 and the Directive Principles. The Central Government and coal companies must fix a fair and reasonable price for coal as an essential commodity, ensuring equitable distribution and preventing profiteering. While dual pricing for core and non-core sectors is permissible, any policy shift must be grounded in public interest, not mere profit motive.

Source excerpt

  • Coal pricing
  • E-auction scheme
  • Judicial review of policy
  • Directive principles
  • Reasonableness
  • Legitimate expectation
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Environmental law

INTELLECTUALS FORUM, TIRUPATHI versus STATE OF A.P. AND ORS.

The principle of sustainable development and public trust doctrine must guide State action regarding natural resources. Urban development cannot override environmental protection; State authorities are bound as trustees of communal property (tanks); orders must implement expert committee findings to preserve remaining resources, balancing competing interests.

Source excerpt

  • Sustainable development
  • Public trust doctrine
  • Water bodies protection
  • Urban development
  • Fundamental rights
  • Directive principles
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India decisions are organised by court, judge, legal area and indexed issue so a practitioner can move from a proposition to a citable authority with the surrounding context intact.

Source links and collection timestamps are retained alongside the indexed records.