ALBERT SUPPLY RWANDA Ltd v. GMK ARCHITECTURE Ltd

ALBERT SUPPLY RWANDA Ltd v. GMK ARCHITECTURE Ltd

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 1922-12-12 - Case/document no.: RCOMA 00685/2022/HCC - Collection: Commercial High Court

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ALBERT SUPPLY RWANDA Ltd v. GMK ARCHITECTURE Ltd [Rwanda URUKIKO RUKURU RW’UBUCURUZI – RCOMA 00685/2022/HCC (Noheli, P.J.,) 12 Ukuboza 2022] Amategeko agenga imiburanishirize y’ imanza z’ ubucuruzi – Ikirego cyihutirwa – Iyakirwa ry’ ikirego cyihutirwa – Ibijyanye no gusuzuma ibikubiye mu masezerano impande zombi zagiranye ntibihuye n’ibisuzumwa mu kirego cyihutirwa kiyashamikiyeho – Kuba urubanza rw’iremezo mu mizi rushamikiyeho ikirego cyihutirwa rutaracibwa, ntabwo hasuzumwa amasezerano aruburanwamo hanyuma ngo ari yo ruheraho rwemeza ko ikirego cyihutirwa kitakirwa kuko binyuranye n’itegeko – Itegeko N 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, ingingo ya 185 niya 186. Incamake y’ ikibazo: Sosiyete GMK ARCHITECTURE Ltd ivuga ko yakoranye amasezerano na Sosiyeti ALBERT SUPPLY RWANDA Ltd yo kuyubakira inzu y ubucuruzi no gukurikirana ibikorwa byose mu mwanya wa nyirumushinga (Supervision). Bumvikanye kandi ko GMK ARCHITECTURE Ltd izajya ihembwa amafaranga 8.500.000 FRW ariko ko yakoze inshingano zifite agaciro 1.680.350.000 FRW, ivuga ko yishyuwe 355.240.000 FRW gusa, hasigara 1.325.110.000 FRW, ibyo bituma itanga ikirego cy iremezo mu Rukiko rw Ubucuruzi isaba kwishyurwa uwo mwenda, inatanga ikirego cyihutirwa isaba ko Rwanda Housing Authority (RHA) yaba iretse kwishyura amafaranga yasigaye

kugira ngo itazabura ubwishyu nka mbere. Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi rwemeje kandi rutegeka ko mu bwishyu sosiyete ALBERT SUPPLY Rwanda Ltd iberewemo na Rwanda Housing Authority (RHA) muri yo 1.325.110.000FRW bukwiye kuba buhagaze kugeza igihe hazafatirwa icyemezo mu rubanza rw'iremezo kugira ngo GMK ARCHITECTURE Ltd niramuka itsinze itazabura ubwishyu. Sosiyete ALBERT SUPPLY RWANDA Ltd ntabwo yishimiye imikirize y’urwo rubanza, maze ijurira mu Rukiko Rukuru rw Ubucuruzi ivuga ko Urukiko rwirengagije gusuzuma niba ikirego cyihutirwa kigomba kwakirwa birebewe hamwe n’ikirego cy’iremezo kuko ngo amasezerano akomokaho impaka ziburanwa yateganyije ko zigomba gukemurwa mu bwumvikane bw’abayagiranye, mu gihe binaniranye impande zombi zikazishyikiriza umwunzi nta bunganizi mu mategeko bahari. Ikindi ngo ni uko urukiko rutasuzumye ibirebana no kumenya niba ikirego cya GMK ARCHITECTURE Ltd kirimo ubwihutire. ALBERT SUPPLY RWANDA Ltd ivuga kandi ko ikirego cyihutirwa cya GMK ARCHITECTURE Ltd cyuririye ku kirego gishingiye ku mpaka zavutse mu ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’amasezerano ya supervision impande zombi zagiranye yo gukurikirana ibikorwa by’ubwubatsi zigomba gukemurwa mu bwumvikane bw’abayagiranye, mu gihe binaniranye impande zombi zikazishyikiriza umwunzi nta bunganizi mu mategeko bahari, bityo ikirego cyatanzwe na GMK ARCHITECTURE Ltd nticyari kwakirwa kuko yirengagije iyo ngingo aho urukiko

rw Ikirenga rwatanze umurongo uvuga ko ubwihutire bugomba gusuzumwa harebwa n’ibiri mu kirego cy’iremezo. GMK ARCHITECTURE Ltd ivuga ko idahakana ko hari amasezerano hagati y’impande zombi, ukwiyemerera kwe ko hari ubwishyu bugibwaho impaka bukomoka ku masezerano yaregewe mu rubanza rw’iremezo ko iyo aza kurwinjiramo byari butume abibona ukundi, kandi ko ari imiburanire idafite ishingiro ndetse inyuranije n’amategeko ku byerekeye kamere y’ibirego byihutirwa. Avuga rero ko nta mpamvu yo kwinjira mu misesengurirwe y’ingingo zigize ikirego cy’iremezo kuko kubyinjiramo, kuvuga icyo amasezerano ateganya ari ukujijisha no gushaka gusunikira Urukiko gukora ikosa ryo kwinjira mu miburanishirize y’ikirego cy’iremezo kandi bibujijwe n’itegeko.

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Incamake y icyemezo

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1.Ibirego byihutirwa bigomba kuba byujuje ibintu bitatu by’ingenzi bigizwe no gukorwa mu buryo bwihuse cyane kugira ngo bigire icyo biramira ku buryo bitinze haba igihombo kitagira igaruriro; icyemezo kigomba kuba ari icy’agateganyo; no kuba kitagomba kubangamira urubanza rw’iremezo mu mizi yarwo. Bityo, ibijyanye no gusuzuma ibikubiye mu masezerano impande zombi zagiranye bidahuye n’ibisuzumwa mu kirego cyihutirwa.

2. Kuba urubanza rw’iremezo mu mizi rushamikiyeho ikirego cyihutirwa rutaracibwa, ntabwo hasuzumwa amasezerano aruburanwamo hanyuma ngo ari yo ruheraho rwemeza ko ikirego cyihutirwa kitakirwa kuko uretse no kuba binyuranye n’itegeko, nta n’ubwo ibyasuzumwe muri izo manza zombi.

3. Umucamanza uburanisha ikirego cyihutirwa afata icyemezo ku byo yaregewe ariko mu buryo butabangamiye urubanza rw’iremezo mu mizi yarwo, bityo gusaba urukiko gusuzuma ibiri mu rubanza rw’iremezo, rwabona ko ikirego kitazakirwa, rukemeza ko n’ikirego cyihutirwa kitagombaga kwakirwa, ntibyahabwa ishingiro.

Ubujurire nta shingiro. Amagarama y urubanza ahwanye n ibyarukozwemo. Amategeko yashingiweho: Itegeko No 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, ingingo ya 185 niya 186. Imanza zifashishijwe: Urubanza RCA 0008/10/CS rwa Mukamurenzi Diane na Akingeneye Jean de Dieu v Karangwa Elisé na Mukarutesi Espérance, rwaciwe n Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 21/01/2011. Urubanza RCA 0012/11/CS Mugenga Joseph v Nishimwe Claudine na Mashami Gisele, rwaciwe n Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 30/01/2012.

Urubanza

I.IMITERERE Y URUBANZA [1] GMK ARCHITECTURE Ltd ivuga ko ku wa 31/12/2013, Sosiyeti yitwa ALBERT SUPPLY RWANDA Ltd yahawe uruhushya rwo kubaka (Constuction Permit) inzu y’ubucuruzi izwi nka “Mixed-Use Building for Albert Supply Ltd” yagombaga kubakwa ku Gishushu mu kibanza kiri mu Mudugudu wa Gasasa, Akagali ka Kamukina, Umurenge wa Kimihurura, Akarere ka Gasabo mu Mujyi wa Kigali. Ivuga ko yagiranye amasezerano na ALBERT SUPPLY RWANDA Ltd kugira ngo iyifashe mu itegurwa ry’umushinga wose no gutegura ibisabwa byose kugira ngo hasabwe, kandi hatangwe icyangombwa cyo kubaka, hanongerwaho n’izindi nshingano zo guhagararira no gukurikirana ibikorwa byose mu mwanya wa nyirumushinga (Supervision). Bumvikanye kandi ko GMK ARCHITECTURE Ltd izajya ihembwa amafaranga 8.500.000 FRW ariko ko yakoze inshingano zifite agaciro 1.680.350.000 FRW yishyurwa 355.240.000 FRW gusa, hasigara 1.325.110.000 FRW kandi ALBERT SUPPLY RWANDA Ltd yarishyuwe na Rwanda Housing Authority (RHA) igura iyo nyubako. Ibyo ngo byatumye itanga ikirego cy’iremezo gifite RCOM 01808/2022/TC isaba kwishyurwa uwo mwenda, inatanga iki kirego cyihutirwa isaba ko Rwanda Housing Authority (RHA) yaba iretse kwishyura amafaranga yasigaye kugira ngo itazabura ubwishyu nka mbere.

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[2] ALBERT SUPPLY RWANDA Ltd ntacyo ibivugaho kuko yaburanishijwe idahari bitewe n’uko ititabye urukiko nta mpamvu, ndetse nta n’imyanzuro yo kwiregura yakoze.

[3] Mu rubanza RCOM 01860/2022/TC rwaciwe ku wa 17/11/2022, Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi rwemeje kandi rutegeka ko mu bwishyu sosiyete ALBERT SUPPLY Rwanda Ltd iberewemo na Rwanda Housing Authority (RHA) muri yo 1.325.110.000 FRW bukwiye kuba buhagaze kugeza igihe hazafatirwa icyemezo mu rubanza rw'iremezo RCOM 01808/2022/TC kugira ngo GMK ARCHITECTURE Ltd niramuka itsinze itazabura ubwishyu. [4] ALBERT SUPPLY RWANDA Ltd ntabwo yishimiye imikirize y’urwo rubanza, maze ijurira ivuga ko Urukiko rwirengagije gusuzuma niba ikirego cyihutirwa kigomba kwakirwa birebewe hamwe n’ikirego cy’iremezo kuko ngo amasezerano akomokaho impaka ziburanwa yateganyije ko zigomba gukemurwa mu bwumvikane bw’abayagiranye, mu gihe binaniranye impande zombi zikazishyikiriza umwunzi nta bunganizi mu mategeko bahari. Ikindi ngo ni uko urukiko rutasuzumye ibirebana no kumenya niba ikirego cya GMK ARCHITECTURE Ltd kirimo ubwihutire ko kandi kutagifataho icyemezo nk’uko ibyifuza byayitera igihombo kitagira igaruriro. [5] GMK ARCHITECTURE Ltd ivuga ko kuvuga ko urubanza rwagombaga gusuzumwana hamwe n’ikirego cy’iremezo nta shingiro bifite, kandi ngo bihabanye n’icyo amategeko ateganya by’uko umucamanza uburanisha ikirego cyihutirwa afata icyemezo ku byo yaregewe ariko mu buryo butabangamiye urubanza rw’iremezo mu mizi yarwo. Ivuga ko kuba uwajuriye avuga ko nta bwihutire bugaragara ndetse nta gihombo byateza GMK architecture Ltd kureka umwenda ukazishyurwa nyuma y’urubanza; bidakwiye guhabwa ishingiro kuko mu gihe amafaranga RHA igomba Albert supply Rwanda Ltd yayishyurwa, byazagora GMK Architecture Ltd gukurikirana yishyuza kuko nta handi hagaragajwe hazava ubwishyu

[6] Uru rubanza rwaburanishijwe mu ruhame, ALBERT SUPPLY RWANDA Ltd ihagarariwe na Me Ngirinshuti Jean Bosco naho GMK ARCHITECTURE Ltd ihagarariwe na Me Uwizeyimana Jean Baptiste.

Ibibazo bigize urubanza birasuzumwa ni ibi bikurikira:

 Kumenya niba iyakirwa ry’ikirego cyihutirwa ryasuzumwa rirebewe hamwe n’icy’iremezo.  Kumenya niba nta bwihutire buri mu kirego cyatanzwe na GMK ARCHITECTURE Ltd.

II.ISESENGURA RY’IBIBAZO BIGIZE URUBANZA

A. Kumenya niba iyakirwa ry’ikirego cyihutirwa ryasuzumwa rirebewe hamwe n’icy’iremezo:

[7] Uhagarariye ALBERT SUPPLY RWANDA Ltd avuga ko ikirego cyihutirwa GMK ARCHITECTURE Ltd yatanze cyuririye ku kirego RCOM 01808/2022/TC gishingiye ku mpaka zavutse mu ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’amasezerano impande zombi zagiranye ku wa

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31/12/2013 yo gukurikirana ibikorwa by’ubwubatsi bya Albert Supply Rwanda Ltd. Avuga ko mu ngingo ya 6 y’ayo masezerano bateganyije ko izo mpaka zigomba gukemurwa mu bwumvikane bw’abayagiranye, mu gihe binaniranye impande zombi zikazishyikiriza umwunzi nta bunganizi mu mategeko bahari. Avuga ko iyo ngingo GMK ARCHITECTURE Ltd yayirenzeho itanga ikirego mu Rukiko itabanje kwiyambaza Umwunzi nk’uko amasezerano abiteganya. Kuba rero ngo GMK ARCHITECTURE Ltd yaratanze ikirego yirengagije iyo ngingo, ngo ntabwo cyari kwakirwa nk’uko byafashweho icyemezo n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga mu rubanza RCOM 0009/09/CS rwaciwe ku wa 27/04/2010 ndetse ko bitanabangamira urubanza rw’iremezo ngo umucamanza abe yabuzwa kururebamo nk’uko ngo bikubiye mu murongo watanzwe mu rubanza RCA 0012/11/CS rwaciwe ku wa 30/01/2012 aho urukiko rwavuze ko ubwihutire bugomba gusuzumwa harebwa n’ibiri mu kirego cy’iremezo. Bityo rero ngo ikirego cyihutirwa cya GMK ARCHITECTURE Ltd ntabwo cyagombaga kwakirwa.

[8] Mu iburanisha, uhagarariye ALBERT SUPPLY RWANDA Ltd asaba urukiko gusuzuma mu rubanza rw’iremezo, rwabona ko ikirego kitazakirwa; rukemeza ko n’icyihutirwa kitari kwakirwa.

[9] Uhagarariye GMK ARCHITECTURE Ltd avuga ko nta kimenyetso kindi kiri muri uru rubanza uretse imanza ebyiri (2) zashyizwemo, ALBERT SUPPLY RWANDA Ltd yifuza ko Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi ruzibona nk’izemeza ko ikirego cyihutirwa gisuzumirwa hamwe n’urubanza mu mizi ko kandi ngo iyo ikirego cy’iremezo kitakiriwe n’icyihutirwa kiba kitagomba kwakirwa. Avuga ko n’ubwo atabona igika cyangwa indi mpamvu ishingiye ku mategeko uwajuriye anenga mu mikirize y’urubanza, ngo n’iby’uko urubanza rwagombaga gusuzumwana hamwe n’ikirego cy’iremezo nta shingiro bifite ndetse bihabanye n’icyo amategeko ateganya by’uko umucamanza uburanisha ikirego cyihutirwa afata icyemezo ku byo yaregewe ariko mu buryo butabangamiye urubanza rw’iremezo mu mizi yarwo. Avuga ko mu rubanza RCA 0008/10/CS rwaciwe kuwa 21/01/2011 n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga rutangwa n’uwajuriye nta na hamwe urukiko rwemeje ko mu gihe hasuzumwa urubanza rwihutirwa, byemewe kureba n’urubanza rw’iremezo.

[10] Uhagarariye GMK ARCHITECTURE Ltd avuga ko nyuma yo kubona imikirize y’urubanza uwajuriye ashingiraho, imyanzuro ye idahakana ko hari amasezerano hagati y’impande zombi, ukwiyemerera kwe ko hari ubwishyu bugibwaho impaka bukomoka ku masezerano yaregewe mu rubanza rw’iremezo no kuba ntacyo yemeza ko hari ubwishyu ALBERT SUPPLY RWANDA Ltd iberewemo na Rwanda Housing Authority kandi ntigaragaze impamvu mu bwishyu bwagiye bwakirwa mbere hose atishyuye GMK Architecture Ltd cyangwa ngo agaragarize Urukiko impamvu ifatika ituma nta bwihutire buri muri uru rubanza; ngo ubujurire bwa ALBERT SUPPLY RWANDA Ltd ni uburyo bwo kunenga Umucamanza ko atinjiye mu mizi y’urubanza rw’iremezo, ko iyo aza kurwinjiramo byari butume abibona ukundi, kandi ko ari imiburanire idafite ishingiro ndetse inyuranije n’amategeko ku byerekeye kamere y’ibirego byihutirwa. Avuga rero ko nta mpamvu yo kwinjira mu misesengurirwe y’ingingo zigize ikirego cy’iremezo kuko kubyinjiramo, kuvuga icyo amasezerano ateganya

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ari ukujijisha no gushaka gusunikira Urukiko gukora ikosa ryo kwinjira mu miburanishirize y’ikirego cy’iremezo kandi bibujijwe n’itegeko.

UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [11] Ingingo ya 185 y’Itegeko No 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi iteganya ko iyo hari ikirego cy’iremezo, ariko hagomba kugira icyemezwa by’agateganyo mu buryo bwihuta ku rubanza rwaregewe urukiko rutaraburanishwa, ikirego cyihutirwa gishyikirizwa umucamanza ushinzwe kurangiza impaka zihutirwa w`aho zigomba gukemurirwa hakurikijwe uburyo busanzwe bw’ihamagara.

[12] Ingingo ya 186 igika cya 3 y’Itegeko No 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 rimaze kuvugwa haruguru iteganya ko Umucamanza uburanisha ikirego cyihutirwa afata icyemezo ku byo yaregewe ariko mu buryo butabangamiye urubanza rw’iremezo mu mizi yarwo.

[13] Dosiye y’uru rubanza igaragaza ko mu rubanza rw’iremezo RCOM 01808/2022/TC, ikiburanwa ni gutegeka ALBERT SUPPLY Ltd kwishyura GMK Architecture Ltd umwenda remezo ushingiye ku masezerano ungana na 1.325.110.000 FRW, inyungu n'izindi ndishyi zitandukanye. Ivuga ko uwo mwenda ukomoka ku masezerano impande zombi zasinye mu kwezi kwa 07/2014 yiswe “Design and Construction Supervision Works” aho uregwa yahawe inshingano zo gukora imirimo yiswe “design review and supervision of the Albert Supply Project”.

[14] Dosiye y’uru rubanza igaragaza kandi amasezerano No ALSPJ/GMK/07/2014 yo mu kwezi kwa 07/2014 yiswe design and construction supervision works ababurana muri uru rubanza bagiranye. Mu ngingo ya 6 yayo hateganyijwe ko impaka ziyakomokaho zizabanza gukemurwa ku bwumvikane n’abayagiranye, byananirana zikajyanwa ku mwunzi (single mediator) ariko nta banyamategeko bahagarariye buri ruhande. Bateganyije kandi ko uruhande rutemera ubwunzi cyangwa rutanyuzwe n’umwanzuro w’umwunzi cyangwa ubwunzi bwananiranye, rushobora kuregera mu rukiko rw’imbonezamubano rubifitye ububasha (competent civil court).

[15] Urukiko rurasanga mu kunenga urubanza rujuririrwa, uwajuriye avuga ko amasezerano impande zombi zagiranye ateganya ko impaka ziyakomokaho zizakemurwa mu bwumvikane, bitaba ibyo, zigashyikirizwa umwunzi nta bunganizi mu mategeko bahari ariko ngo zazanywe mu Rukiko, bityo ko ikirego kitari kwakirwa. Uregwa avuga ko iby’uko urubanza rwagombaga gusuzumwana hamwe n’ikirego cy’iremezo nta shingiro bifite kuko bihabanye n’icyo amategeko ateganya cy’uko umucamanza uburanisha ikirego cyihutirwa afata icyemezo mu buryo butabangamiye urubanza rw’iremezo mu mizi yarwo. Rusanga ari ngombwa kureba niba isuzumwa ry’amasezerano impande zombi zagiranye mu kirego cyihutirwa hagamije ko kitakirwa, byabangamira imizi y’urubanza rw’iremezo.

[16] Urukiko rurasanga uwajuriye asaba urukiko gusuzuma mu rubanza rw’iremezo, noneho rwabona ikirego kitazakirwa, rukemeza ko n’icyihutirwa kitari kwakirwa. Rusanga nk’uko

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biteganywa n’ingingo ya 185 y’Itegeko No 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryavuzwe haruguru, mu gusuzuma ishingiro ry’ikirego cyihutirwa harebwa niba hari ikirego cy’iremezo, niba hagomba kugira icyemezwa by’agateganyo, ndetse bigakorwa mu buryo bwihuta ku rubanza rwaregewe urukiko rutaraburanishwa. Ibyo kandi ni nabyo byagarutsweho mu rubanza RCA 0008/10/CS rwaciwe kuwa 21/01/2011 aho Urukiko rw’Ikirenga aho rwavuze ko ibirego byihutirwa bigomba kuba byujuje ibintu bitatu by’ingenzi bigizwe na: a. gukorwa mu buryo bwihuse cyane kugira ngo bigire icyo biramira ku buryo bitinze haba igihombo kitagira igaruriro; b. icyemezo kigomba kuba ari icy’agateganyo; c. ntikigomba kubangamira urubanza rw’iremezo mu mizi yarwo.1 Ibyo byumvikanisha ko ibijyanye no gusuzuma ibikubiye mu masezerano impande zombi zagiranye bidahuye n’ibisuzumwa mu kirego cyihutirwa.

[17] Urukiko rurasanga kandi gusuzuma ibikubiye mu masezerano impande zombi zagiranye hagamijwe ko ikirego cyihutirwa kitakirwa, bisa n’aho urubanza mu mizi narwo ruba ruciwe kuko impaka kuri ayo masezerano ari zo ziregerwa mu mizi y’urubanza rw’iremezo kandi nk’uko byagaragajwe haruguru, impaka bateganyije ko zigomba gukemurwa mu bwumvikane, byananirana hakitabazwa umwunzi, nabwo byananirana ikirego kikajyanwa mu rukiko rw’imbonezamubano rubifitye ububasha (competent civil court). Kuba rero Umucamanza uburanisha ikirego cyihutirwa afata icyemezo ku byo yaregewe ariko mu buryo butabangamiye urubanza rw’iremezo mu mizi yarwo nk’uko biteganywa n’ingingo ya 186 igika cya 3 y’Itegeko No 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryavuzwe haruguru, byumvikanisha ko ibisabwa na ALBERT SUPPLY RWANDA Ltd ko urukiko rwasuzuma ibiri mu rubanza rw’iremezo, rwabona ko ikirego kitazakirwa; rukemeza ko n’ikirego cyihutirwa kitagombaga kwakirwa, nta shingiro bifite.

[18] Urukiko rurasanga mu rubanza RCA 0012/11/CS rwaciwe ku wa 30/01/2012, icyo urukiko rwavuze ni uko ari nta kosa ryakozwe n’umucamanza w’Urukiko Rukuru wemeje ko nta bwihutirwe buboneka mu kirego cyihutirwa cya Mugenga, akirebanye n’impamvu Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Gasabo rwategetse ko hateshwa agaciro inyandiko y’ubutaka bw’ikibanza yanditseho Mugenga. Urwo rubanza icyo rwarebye ni ibyasuzumwe n’Urukiko mu rubanza rw’iremezo rwamaze gucibwa mu mizi. Kuba rero urubanza rw’iremezo mu mizi rushamikiyeho iki kirego cyihutirwa rutaracibwa, ntabwo hasuzumwa amasezerano aruburanwamo hanyuma ngo ari yo ruheraho rwemeza ko ikirego cyihutirwa kitari kwakirwa kuko uretse no kuba binyuranye n’itegeko nk’uko byagaragajwe haruguru, nta n’ubwo ibyasuzumwe muri urwo rubana bihuye n’ibiburanwa muri uru rubanza.2 Naho urubanza RCOM 0009/09/CS rwaciwe ku wa 27/04/2010 uretse kuba uwajuriye aruvuga, nta kopi yarwo agaragaza muri dosiye.

1 Mukamurenzi Diane na Akingeneye Jean de Dieu v Karangwa Elisé na Mukarutesi Espérance, RCA 0008/10/CS, Urukiko rw’Ikirenga (21/01/2011), para 22. 2 Mugenga Joseph v Nishimwe Claudine na Mashami Gisele, RCA 0012/11/CS, Urukiko rw’Ikirenga (30/01/2012), para 14.

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B. Kumenya niba nta bwihutire buri mu kirego cyatanzwe na GMK ARCHITECTURE Ltd:

[19] Uhagarariye ALBERT SUPPLY RWANDA Ltd avuga ko kugira ngo ikirego cyihutirwa cyakirwe hagomba kubanza gusuzumwa niba gifite ubwihutire bukomeye ku buryo icyemezo kidafashwe urega yagira igihombo kitagira igaruriro. Avuga ko mu rubanza rujurirwa, umucamanza ntiyigeze asuzuma ibyo bintu kandi iyo abisuzuma yagombaga kubona ko ikirego cya GMK ARCHITECTURE Ltd kitagomba kwakirwa ko kandi n’iyo cyakakirwa, nta shingiro cyari guhabwa kuko nta bwihutire burimo kubera ko GMK ARCHITECTURE Ltd yiyemerera ko hari amafaranga yishyuwe ko kandi nta kibazo cy’ubwishyu buhari kuko hari amafaranga Albert Supply Rwanda Ltd izishyurwa, nayo ikishyurwa ni byemezwa n’Urukiko. Ikindi ngo ni uko nta cyihutirwa kirimo cyatuma hadategerezwa urubanza mu mizi kuko GMK ARCHITECTURE Ltd irabizi ko hari urubanza yarezwe kubera igihombo yateje Albert Supply Rwanda Ltd, bityo ngo ntiyavuga ko gufatira ubwishyu ari byo bizayirinda igihombo mu gihe nta kibazo gihari cy’uko iramutse itsinze yabura uko irangiza urubanza kuko Albert Supply Rwanda Ltd ifite imitungo myinshi. Avuga ko gutegereza urubanza mu mizi nta gihombo byateza GMK ARCHITECTURE Ltd kuko ntacyo yigeze igaragaza kubera ko kuba itarishyurwa izi neza ko byatewe n’ibyo batumvikanyeho ko kandi mu gihe byarangira yahita yishyurwa. Bityo rero ngo nta mpamvu ihari ituma amafaranga ya Albert Supply Rwanda Ltd afatirwa mu gihe umwenda yishyuza batawumvikanaho, ndetse akaba atari naho hagomba kuva amafaranga y’ubwishyu honyine ku buryo gufatira ubwishyu byaba ari cyo gisubizo cyo kurinda igihombo kuri GMK ARCHITECTURE Ltd. Avuga ahubwo ko ibyakozwe biri gutera Albert Supply Rwanda Ltd igihombo gikabije.

[20] Uhagarariye GMK ARCHITECTURE Ltd avuga ko ikizwi ari uko hari umwenda uregerwa mu rubanza rw’iremezo kandi umaze igihe kirekire utishyurwa kandi ntibihakanwa n’uwajuriye. Ikindi kizwi ngo ni uko inyubako ivugwa, uwajuriye azi kandi yemera ko yubatswe kandi ko hari amafaranga GMK Architecture Ltd yagomba kwishyurwa ku bw’amasezerano ariko ko atarishyurwa. Ikindi ngo ni uko bemeranwa ko nyuma y’uko imirimo irangiye, inyubako yishyuwe amafaranga hafi miliyali mirongo ine (40.000.000.0000 FRW), kandi bikaba byari byizewe ko ari ho hagombaga kuva ubwishyu, ndetse uwo akaba ari wo mutungo wonyine GMK Architecture Ltd izi unizewe wavamo ubwishyu, bityo kuvuga ko asigaye angana na 2.000.000.000 FRW yishyuwe ALBERT SUPPLY RWANDA Ltd, akaba atari yo yakwishyuramo ku neza abo ibereyemo imyenda yose, ibintu itakoze ifite amenshi amaze kuvugwa haruguru. [21] Uhagarariye GMK ARCHITECTURE Ltd avuga ko mu rubanza RCOMA 00431/2020/HCC rwaciwe kuwa 29/07/2020 Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rwategetse ko ubwishyu RAB ibereyemo OM METALS buba buhagaze kugeza igihe urubanza rw’iremezo ruregerwamo gusuzuma ishingiro ry’ikirego ruzafatirwamo icyemezo kugira ngo hirindwe igihombo cyaterwa no kubura ubwishyu ku ruhande rw’urega mu gihe yaba atsinze urubanza rw’iremezo kandi hari uburyo n’ibimenyetso bihamya ko hari ubwishyu bushobora gushinganishwa. Kuba uwajuriye avuga ko nta bwihutire bugaragara ndetse nta gihombo

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byateza GMK architecture Ltd kureka umwenda ukazishyurwa nyuma y’urubanza; bidakwiye guhabwa ishingiro kuko mu gihe amafaranga RHA igomba Albert supply Rwanda Ltd yayishyurwa, byazagora GMK architecture Ltd gukurikirana yishyuza kuko nta handi hagaragajwe hazava ubwishyu. Avuga ahubwo ko nta nenge n’imwe uwajuriye yagaragarije Urukiko yirengagijwe cyangwa ngo agaragaze ibimenyetso bishimangira impamvu ubwishyu bwafatiriwe atari bwo bwari gufatirwa nko kwereka Urukiko ahandi yifuza kandi avuga ko ariho hava ubwishyu habayeho gutinda urubanza rw’iremezo. Bityo rero ngo ubujurire bwa ALBERT SUPPLY RWANDA Ltd nta shingiro bufite.

UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA

[22] Ingingo ya 215 igika cya 2 y’Itegeko No 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryavuzwe haruguru iteganya ko n’iyo urubanza rwaba rutaracibwa, umuburanyi ufite impungenge ko umutungo wimukanwa aburana ushobora kurigiswa cyangwa kwangirika, ashobora gusaba ko ufatirwa bikozwe mu buryo bw’ikirego kihutirwa. Uwari ufite umutungo wafatiriwe awutakazaho ububasha bwose mu gihe ugifatiriwe.

[23] Ingingo ya 3 y’Itegeko No 15/2004 ryo kuwa 12/06/2004 ryerekeye ibimenyetso mu manza n’itangwa ryabyo iteganya ko buri muburanyi agomba kugaragaza ukuri kw’ibyo aburana.

[24] Urukiko rurasanga mu kunenga urubanza rujuririrwa, uwajuriye avuga ko urukiko rutasuzumye niba ikirego gifite ubwihutire bukomeye ku buryo icyemezo kidafashwe hari igihombo kitagira igaruriro cyabaho, bityo ko nta cyihutirwa cyatuma hadategerezwa urubanza mu mizi kuko uregwa atsinze atabura ubwishyu bitewe n’uko uwajuriye afite imitungo myinshi. Uregwa avuga ko inyubako yagize uruhare mu kubaka, atahembwe amafaranga yose kandi ko yagurishijwe amafaranga hafi miliyali mirongo ine ari ho hagombaga kuva ubwishyu kuko ari wo mutungo wonyine bazi, ndetse bwanavamo. Avuga ko ubwihutire buhari bugizwe n’uko mu gihe amafaranga sigaye yakwishyurwa, byagora gukurikirana uwajuriye amwishyuza kuko nta handi hagaragajwe hazava ubwishyu. Rusanga ari ngombwa kureba niba nta bwihutire buri muri uru rubanza, ndetse niba hari indi mitungo yavamo ubwishyu bw’umwenda uvugwa.

[25] Urukiko rurasanga nk’uko bidahakanwa n’impande zombi, inyubako y’uwajuriye ni yo uregwa yakozeho imirimo ikomokaho umwenda uvugwa kandi yamaze kugurishwa n’ubwishyu buratangwa, ahubwo hasigaye ubwishyu bungana na miliyali ebyiri muri miliyali mirongo ine yaguzwe. Rurasanga n’ubwo uwajuriye avuga ko afite indi itungo yavamo ubwishyu bw’umwenda uvugwa, uretse kubivuga gusa, nta kimenyetso abigaragariza kandi buri muburanyi agomba kugaragaza ukuri kw’ibyo aburana nk’uko biteganywa n’ingingo ya 3 y’Itegeko no 15/2004 ryo kuwa 12/06/2004 ryavuzwe haruguru. [26] Kuba rero nta wundi mutungo uwajuriye agaragaza wavamo ubwishyu bw’umwenda bivugwa ko abereyemo uregwa, ndetse uwajuriye akaba adahakana ko hari ubwishyu amugomba; byumvikanisha ko kuba muri miliyali mirongo ine, uwajuriye yarishyuwe hagasigara ebyili ariko ntiyishyure uregwa; aramutse yishyuwe miliyali ebyiri zose zisigaye, byagora uregwa

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kuba yabona ubwishyu bw’uwo mwenda. Ibyo rero bigaragara nk’impamvu yihutirwa iri mu kirego cya GMK ARCHITECTURE Ltd.

[27] Urukiko rurasanga kuba GMK ARCHITECTURE Ltd ifite impungenge zo kutishyurwa, kandi n’iyo urubanza rwaba rutaracibwa, umuburanyi ufite impungenge ko umutungo wimukanwa aburana ushobora kurigiswa cyangwa kwangirika, ashobora gusaba ko ufatirwa bikozwe mu buryo bw’ikirego cyihutirwa nk’uko biteganywa n’ingingo ya 215 y’Itegeko No 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryavuzwe haruguru; ubwabyo byumvikanisha ko nta makosa urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi rwakoze mu kwemeza ko mu bwishyu sosiyete ALBERT SUPPLY RWANDA Ltd iberewemo na Rwanda Housing Authority (RHA) muri yo, ubwishyu bungana na 1.325.110.000 FRW buba buhagaze kugeza igihe hazafatirwa icyemezo mu rubanza rw'iremezo RCOM 01808/2022/TC kugira ngo GMK ARCHITECTURE Ltd niramuka itsinze itazabura ubwishyu kuko ntahandi hagaragazwa hava ubwo bwishyu uretse kuba uwajuriye avuga mu magambo gusa ko afite indi mitungo bwavamo. Bityo rero ubujurire bwa ALBERT SUPPLY RWANDA Ltd nta shingiro bufite.

III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO [28] Rwemeje ko ubujurire bwa ALBERT SUPPLY RWANDA Ltd nta shingiro bufite. [29] Rwemeje ko hagumyeho imikirize y’urubanza RCOM 01860/2022/TC rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi ku wa 17/11/2022. [30] Rutegetse ko amafaranga y’u Rwanda ibihumbi mirongo ine (40.000 FRW) ALBERT SUPPLY RWANDA Ltd yatanzeho ingwate y’amagarama ijurira, ahwanye n’ibyakozwe byose muri uru rubanza.