COGEBANQUE Plc vs. MUKAMURIGO

# COGEBANQUE Plc vs. MUKAMURIGO

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2022-05-13 - Case/document no.: RCOMA 00430/2021/HCC - Collection: Commercial High Court

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COGEBANQUE Plc vs. MUKAMURIGO [Rwanda URUKIKO RUKURU RW’UBUCURUZI – RCOMA 00430/2021/HCC (Nkurunziza, P.J.,) 13 Gicurasi 2022] Indishyi – Indishyi mbonezamusaruro – Indishyi mbonezamusaruro zishingiye ku makosa y’uburangare bwo kudashyikiriza uwegukanye umutungo muri cyamunara ibyangombwa by’uwo mutungo – Uwegukanye umutungo muri cyamunara niwe uwufiteho uburenganzira busesuye nka nyir’umutungo, uwari ubitse ibyangombwa by’umutungo wegukanywe muri cyamunara niwe ufite inshingano zo kuzimushyikiriza, iyo atabikoze aryozwa indishyi zishingiye ku makosa y’uburangare n’ubukererwe bwo kuzuza inshingano – Itegeko N° 10/2009 ryo ku wa 14/05/2009 ryerekeye ubugwate ku mutungo utimukanwa, ingingo ya 20. Incamake y’ikibazo: Uwitwa Mukamurigo Yvonne avuga ko yaguze umutungo utimukanwa mu cyamunara wagurishijwe na COGEBANQUE mu rwego rwo kwiyishyura umwenda yari ifitiwe, ariko ko atahawe icyangombwa cy’uwo mutungo nyuma ya cyamunara, bituma arega banki mu Rukiko rw’Ubucuruzi asaba guhabwa icyo cyangombwa, avuga kandi ko banki imaze kumenya ko yatanze ikirego nibwo yamuhaye ibyangongwa, bityo ko asaba guhabwa indishyi mbonezamusaruro n’iz ‘ikurikiranarubanza. Urukiko rwasanze COGEBANQUE Plc yarakoze amakosa kuko yari ifite inshingano zo gutanga icyangombwa ariko ntibikore, maze rutegeka banki kwishyura Mukamurigo Yvone amafaranga miliyoni eshatu n’ibihumbi mirongo cyenda 3.090.000frw agizwe na 2.550.000frw y’indishyi mbonezamusaruro hamwe na 540.000frw y’igihembo cy’Avoka. COGEBANQUE Plc ntiyishimiye imikirize y’urubanza maze irujuririra mu Rukiko Rukuru rw’ubucuruzi ivuga ko urukiko rubanza rwayiciye indishyi mbonezamusaruro ruvuga ko hari inyungu ku musaruro yavukijwe mu buryo bw’akarengane kuko atahawe inzu ye kugirango ayibyaze umusaruro isaba ko urubanza rwateshwa agaciro. Mukamurigo yiregura avuga ko COGEBANQUE PLC ariyo igomba kuryozwa uburangare yagize bwo kudashakisha ikindi cyangombwa cy’ubutaka cy’umutungo wagurishijwe muri cyamunara kugirango igishikirize uwawegukanye kuko yavugaga ko byatakaye, ibyo bigatuma abuzwa uburenganzira bwo kuwukoresha icyo ashaka, (usus, abusus, fructus) maze bimutera igihombo kandi yarawuguze mu buryo bwemewe n’amategeko. Mukamurigo akomeza avuga ko kuba banki yaratangije imihango yose ya cyamunara kandi izi neza ko itari ifite icyangombwa cy’ubutaka cy’umwimerere cy’ubutaka yari igiye kugurisha, igomba kuryozwa uburangare n’ubuteshuke ku nshingano yari ifite zo kubimushyikiriza. Incamake y’icyemezo: Uwegukanye umutungo muri cyamunara niwe uwufiteho uburenganzira busesuye nka nyir’umutungo, uwari ubitse ibyangombwa by’umutungo wegukanywe muri cyamunara niwe ufite inshingano zo kuzimushyikiriza, iyo atabikoze aryozwa indishyi zishingiye ku makosa y’uburangare n’ubukererwe bwo kuzuza inshingano. Ubujurire nta shingiro.

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Amategeko yashingiweho: Itegeko N°10/2009 ryo ku wa 14/05/2009 ryerekeye ubugwate ku mutungo utimukanwa, ingingo ya 20. Nta manza zifashishijwe: Urubanza I. IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA [1] Mukamurigo Yvonne yatanze ikirego mu Rukiko rw’Ubucuruzi arusaba guhatira COGEBANQUE Plc kumuha icyangombwa cy’umutungo uri mu kibanza UPI 1/01/08/01/1309 wagurishijwe muri cyamunara hagamijwe kwishyuza umwenda yari ifitiwe. Impande zombi mu rubanza, mu iburanisha, zemeje ko ikibazo cy’icyangombwa cy’ingwate cyaburanwaga cyakemutse, hasigara ikibazo cy’indishyi Urukiko rwakemura. Mukamurigo Yvone avuga ko yaguze umutungo utimukanwa mu cyamunara, ariko kuva taliki 03/06/2016 cyamunara yemezwa n’Umwanditsi Mukuru kugeza iki kirego gitangwa ku ya 18/02/2021 yari atarahabwa icyangombwa cy’umutungo yegukanye bitewe n’amakosa ya COGEBANQUE Plc yakimusubije nyuma y’itangwa ry’ikirego cy’uru rubanza, ko ibyo aribyo byabaye inkomoko y’uru rubanza, asaba ko imwishyura indishyi mbonezamusaruro n’iz ‘ikurikiranarubanza. [2] COGEBANQUE Plc ivuga ko izi ndishyi urega asaba nta shingiro zifite kuko nta kosa na rimwe yakoze kandi atari nayo ifite ububasha cyangwa inshingano byo gutanga ibyangombwa by’ubutaka, ko yasabaga uwitwa Madengeri Modeste gutanga icyangombwa cy’ubutaka cy’umwimerere kugira ngo gihabwe uwaguze mu cyamunara ariwe Mukamurigo Yvonne, asaba ikigo gishyinzwe iby’ubutaka gutesha agaciro icyamgombwa cya mbere, ibi byose bigaragaza ko izi ndishyi zisabwa nta gaciro zigomba guhabwa kuko yaba yo cyangwa se RDB bose bakoze ibyo basabwaga kugira ngo Mukamurigo Yvonne ahabwe icyangombwa cye, kuba Land Center yaratinze kukimuha bitayitirirwa, isaba ko Mukamurigo Yvonne ayiha indishyi za 500.000frw y’igihembo cya Avoka na 300.000 frw y’ikurikiranarubanza kuko ariwe wayishoye mu manza z’amaherere. [3] Urukiko rwasanze COGEBANQUE Plc yarakoze amakosa kuko yari ifite inshingano zo gutanga icyangombwa ariko ntibikore, Urukiko rw’ubucuruzi rwategetse COGEBANQUE Plc kwishyura Mukamurigo Yvone amafaranga miliyoni eshatu n‘ibihumbi mirongo cyenda (3.090.000frw) agizwe na: a) 2.550.000frw y’indishyi mbonezamusaruro; b) 540.000frw y’indishyi w’gihembo cy’Avoka n‘ikurikiranarubanza. [4] COGEBANQUE Plc ntiyishimiye y’urubanza, irujuririra mu Rukiko Rukuru rw’ubucuruzi isaba ko rwateshwa agaciro ishingiye ku kuba isanga nta kosa yakoze ryari gutuma icibwa indishyi, ahubwo isaba ko ariyo yazigenerwa. [5] Iburanisha ry’urubanza ryabereye mu ruhame kuwa 20/4/2022, COGEBANQUE Plc iburanirwa na Me Munyangabe Henri Pierre, naho Mukamurigo Yvone aburanirwa na Me Bimenyimana Eric.

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II. IBIBAZO BIRI MURI URU RUBANZA N’ISESENGURA RYABYO Kumenya niba gutinda kubona icyangombwa cy’umutungo Mukamurigo Yvonne yaguze muri cyamunara nta ruhare Cogebanque Plc yabigizemo kuburyo itari ikwiye gucibwa indishyi mbonezamusaruro [6] Me Munyangabe Henri Pierre uburanira COGEBANQUE Plc asaba Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi gukosora amakosa yakozwe ku rwego rubanza kuko rwayiciye indishyi mbonezamusaruro z’inyungu ku musaruro zingana na 2,550.000Frws mu buryo bw’akarengane, kuko nta kosa yakoze kandi no gutanga ibyangombwa by’ubutaka bikaba bitari mu nshingano za COGEBANQUE Plc. Akomeza avuga ko Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi rwasesenguye nabi ingingo ya 21 (uretse ko ari iya 20 rwaribeshye) y’Itegeko Nº 10/2009 ryo kuwa 14/05/2009 ryerekeye ubugwate k’umutungo utimukanwa, ari nabyo byatumye rugera ku mwanzuro ubogamye. Ko rwirengagije ingingo ya 20 y’Amabwiriza y’Umwanditsi Mukuru N° 03/2010/ORG yo kuwa 16/11/2010 agenga ibyerekeye gukodesha, kugurisha muri cyamunara ndetse no kwegukana ingwate ivuga ko « Iyo ingwate imaze kugurishwa mu buryo bwemewe n’amategeko, uwayiguze ahabwa uburenganzira busesuye nka ny’iri umutungo w’ingwate yagurishijwe … ». [7] Anavuga ko kuba cyamunara yaramaze kwemezwa n’Umwanditsi Mukuru muri RDB ndetse Mukamurigo Yvonne akaba yaramaze kwegukana n’uwo mutungo nk’uko bigaragazwa n’icyemezo yahawe na RDB aricyo « Cerificate of ownership of immovable property Nº 003463B/2013/ORG », ko Urukiko rubanza rutari kuvuga ko COGEBANQUE Plc itateguye neza cyamunara ngo noneho bitume icibwa indishyi, ko icyo Banki yakoze yasabye RDB ko ingwate igurishwa, ibindi byose bisigaye biba bireba RDB na Receiver. [8] Anavuga ko ibyemejwe ko Banki ariyo yakoresheje cyamunara, ikarangarana Mukamurigo Yvonne, cyangwa ngo yagize umwete muke cyangwa ubushake buke mu gukurikirana ikibazo cye ataribyo. Ko hirengagijwe ibimenyetso bifatika rwahawe na Banki birimo ibaruwa RDB yandikiye Umuyobozi w’Akarere ka Nyarugenge yo kuwa 04/10/2017 yamusabaga gufasha Mukamurigo Yvonne kwandikwaho umutungo yaguze mu cyamunara. Ko uretse n’iyo baruwa ya RDB, na COGEBANQUE Plc nayo yandikiye Umubitsi Wungirije w’Impapurompamo z’Ubutaka yibutsa ibaruwa yayo yo ku wa 13/06/2017, muri ayo mabaruwa yose ikaba yarasabaga icyo Kigo gutesha agaciro icyangombwa cya mbere gifitwe na Madengeli Modeste kugira ngo uwatsinze mu cyamunara (Mukamurigo Yvonne) ashobore kwandikwaho umutungo yaguze. Ko kuba Land Center yaratinze kumuha icyangombwa bidakwiye kwitirirwa COGEBANQUE kuko nta bubasha na buto mu itangwa ry’ibyangombwa by’ubutaka. [9] Akomeza avuga ko Urukiko rubanza rwirengagije ibyemejwe mu rubanza rwabaye itegeko RCOMA 00289/2018/CHC/HCC (urupapuro rwa 3, igika cya 7), Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rwemeje ko kubw’itegeko ry’Umwanditsi Mukuru iyo nzu yeguriwe Mukamurigo Yvonne, bityo akaba ayitunze mu buryo bwubahirije amategeko kandi nawe ubwe akaba atabihakana. Ko bitumvikana ukuntu Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi rwavuruje Urukiko rurukuriye maze rukemeza ko hari inyungu ku musaruro Mukamurigo yavukijwe ngo kuko atahawe inzu ye, rumugenera indishyi mbonezamusaruro z’ubukode ngo yagombaga kwinjiza.

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[10] Me Bimenyimana Eric uburanira Mukamurigo Yvonne avuga ko nta mpaka zihari kukuba Mukamurigo Yvonne yaregukanye umutungo ikibazo yahuye nacyo nuko COGEBANQUE PLC yashyize umutungo ku isoko udafite ibyangombwa byose kuko yavugaga ko byatakaye cyangwa ko umukiriya wayo atigeze abitanga, ibi byo kutagira ibyangombwa byatumye Mukamurigo Yvonne abuzwa uburenganzira bwo gukoresha umutungo we icyo ashaka (USUS, ABUSUS, FRUCTUS) naho kuba byitwa ko yawuguze ntacyo yawukoresha nta cyo byaba bimumariye; ko kuba COGEBANQUE PLC ivuga ko atariyo itanga ibyangombwa ntabwo biyikuriraho inshingano zo gukora ibyo yagombaga gukora kugira ngo Ubuyobozi bushinzwe gutanga ibyangombwa bubikore, Mukamurigo Yvonne ahabwe icyangombwa gisimbura icyo COGEBANQUE PLC ivuga ko yari yarataye cyangwa se umurikira wayo yibagiwe kugitanga nayo ikaba itaramukurikiranye ngo ikimwake. [11] Akomeza avuga ko kuba COGEBANQUE PLC yaratangije imihango yose ya cyamunara nyamara yari izi neza ko itari ifite icyangombwa cy’ubutaka cy’umwimerere cy’ubutaka yari igiye kugurisha, na nyuma y’uko ibikoze Mukamurigo Yvonne yanakwegukana uwo mutungo muri cyamunara COGEBANQUE PLC ntikore ibishoboka byose ngo itange amakuru ya ngombwa (INDAHIRO/AFFIDAVIT) cyangwa se igishake ikindi cyangombwa gisimbura icyo yakabaye yari ifite bigaragaza uburangere n’ubuteshuke ibyo byose nibyo byatumye Mukamurigo agira igihombo gikabije ntayahabwa umutungo yaguze kuko bamusabaga ibyangombwa bimwanditseho akabibura bituma akomeza gukodesha aho aba nyamara afite umutungo yaguze yatanzeho amafaranga ye, bikaba byumvikana ko nta wundi waryozwa igihomba Mukamurigo yagize uretse COGEBANQUE PLC yatumye icyo gihombo kibaho dore ko afite ibimenyetso by’amasezerano y’ubukode bw’andi mazu nuko yagiye yimuka mu gihe yari atarahabwa umutungo wem ari nayo mpamvu dusaba ko indishyi zigomba kwiyongera nk’uko turi buze kuzisaba mu bujurire bwuririye ku bundi; COGEBANQUE PLC nubwo ariyo ntandaro yo gutuma Mukamurigo adahabwa ibyangombwa ntiyanakoze ibyo yagombaga gukora ku gihe ahubwo ibikora yamaze kuregwa mu Rukiko nyamara yarandikiwe kenshi ibisabwa ntibikore. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [12] Ingingo ya 12 y’itegeko N°22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi ivuga ko: “Urega agomba kugaragaza ibimenyetso by’ibyo aregera. Iyo abibuze, uwarezwe aratsinda […]”. [13] Mu gika cya 7 cy’urubanza rujuririrwa, Urukiko rwasanze COGEBANQUE Ltd yarakoresheje cyamunara ku mutungo yahaweho ingwate yegukanwa na Mukamurigo Yvonne ku wa 03/06/2016, ariko kuva icyo gihe ikaba yari itaramuha icyangombwa kugeza Werurwe 2021 iki kirego gitangwa, bigaragaza ko GOGEBANQUE Plc itateguye neza cyamunara, cyangwa yarangaranye Mukamurigo Yvonne,cyangwa yagize umwete muke cyangwa ubushake buke mu gukurikiirana ikibazo cye, icyangombwa cyarashikirijwe urega ku wa 17/03/2021, nkuko bigaragara mu nyandiko ikimuhesha, byarabaye COGEBANQUE Plc ibigizemo uruhare, ruturuka kunshingano yari ibifitemo nk’iyahawe kandi ikagurisha ingwate. Urukiko rwasanze COGEBANQUE Plc ifite uburyozwe ku makosa y ‘ubukererwe bwo kuzuza inshingano yayo, byaba bitewe n ‘impamvu y’ubushishozi, iy‘uburangare, iyo gukoresha cyamunara ititaye kuby‘icyangombwa, cyangwa iy‘umwete muke wo gukurikirana icyangombwa ngo

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gishyikirizwe Mukamurigo Yvone, kandi igomba kubitangira indishyi kububurenganzira yavukije urega. [14] COGEBANQUE Plc ijurira ivuga ko Urukiko rwayiciye indishyi mbonezamusaruro z’inyungu ku musaruro zingana na 2,550.000 Frw mu buryo bw’akarengane, kuko nta kosa yakoze kandi no gutanga ibyangombwa by’ubutaka bikaba bitari mu nshingano zayo. [15] Dosiye y’urubanza igaragaza icyemezo cy’umwandisti Mukuru cyo kuwa 3/8/2016 cyemeza cyamunara yakozwe ku mutungo uri mu kibanza UPI 1/01/08/01/1309. Ingingo ya 20 igika cya mbere y’Itegeko N° 10/2009 ryo ku wa 14/05/2009 ryerekeye ubugwate ku mutungo utimukanwa iteganya ko: “iyo ingwate imaze kugurishwa mu buryo bwemewe n‘amategeko, uwayiguze ahabwa uburenganzira busesuye nka nyir‘umutungo w‘ingwate yagurishijwe, kandi ko ari nta buryozwe ubwo ari bwo bwose bushingiye kuri iyo ngwate ashobora kubazwa [...]“. [16] Ingingo ya 9 y‘Amabwiriza y’Umwanditsi Mukuru Nº 002/2021/0rg yo ku wa 29/06/2021 ahindura amabwiriza y’umwanditsi mukuru Nº 001/2020/org yo ku wa 12/05/2020 agenga ibyerekeye gucunga, gukodesha, kugurisha mu cyamunara, no kwegukana ingwate iteganya ko: “ Mu gihe kitarenze iminsi itanu (5) y’akazi uhereye ku munsi cyamunara yarangiriyeho, uwashinzwe gucunga ingwate akora raporo y’uko cyamunara yagenze akayishyira mu buryo bw’ikoranabuhanga, akagenera kopi aba bakurikira kandi akayibashyikiriza binyuze mu buryo bw’ikoranabuhanga cyangwa mu bundi buryo bw’imenyekanisha bwemewe n’amategeko abigenga [...] Raporo igaragaza nibura ibi bikurikira: 1 º amazina n’imyirondoro y’uwatsinze ipiganwa1; [....]“, ku birebana n’uru rubanza, ikigaragara nuko cyamunara yakozwe ku mutungo UPI 1/01/08/01/1309, raporo y’uwashinzwe kugurisha ingwate yagaragaraje ko uwatsinze ipiganwa ari Mukamurigo Yvonne. [17] Urukiko ruhereye ku ngingo ya 20 y‘Itegeko niya 9 y’Amabwiriza zivugwa mu bika bibanziriza iki, rusanga kuva ku itariki ya 3/8/2016, Mukamurigo Yvonne yari afite uburenganzira busesuye nka nyir‘umutungo UPI 1/01/08/01/1309. Icyari gisigaye nuko yari kuzuza ibisabwa kugirango uwo mutungo umwandikweho. Mu gihe cyo kwandikisha ingwate, COGEBANQUE Plc yashyikirijwe icyangombwa cy’umutungo watanzweho ingwate, cyangwa se yagombaga kuba yaragishyikirijwe kuburyo nyuma yo kugurisha ingwate, icyangombwa cy’umutungo cyagombaga kuba kibitswe na COGEBANQUE Plc nayo ikagitanga kugirango uwatsindiye ingwate ayandikweho. Niba itarabitse icyo cyangombwa, byaba ari amakosa n’uburangare yagize mu gihe cyo kwandikisha ingwate, ikaba ikwiye kwirengera ingaruka zaturuka ku kwirengagiza iyo nshingano. Kubw’ibyo, Uru Rukiko rusanga nta kosa ryakozwe n’Urukiko rwaciye urubanza rujuririrwa rwemeje ko COGEBANQUE Plc yishyura indishyi zishingiye ku makosa y ‘ubukererwe bwo kuzuza inshingano yayo, byaba bitewe n ‘impamvu 1 Ingingo ya 15 y’amabwiriza y’umwanditsi mukuru n°03/2010/org yo kuwa 16/11/2010 agenga ibyerekeye gukodesha, kugurisha muri cyamunara ndetse no kwegukana ingwate Ushinzwe kugurisha ingwate akora raporo y’uko icyamunara yagenze bitarenze iminsi itatu y’akazi cyamunara ibaye, akibanda cyane cyane kuri ibi bikurikira: Kugaragaza ko ibiteganyijwe n’aya mabwiriza byubahirijwe, Uwegukanye umutungo wagurishijwe n’ibimuranga […..] iya 16 igateganya ko mu gihe kitarenze iminsi irindwi (7) raporo y’ushinzwe kugurisha ingwate muri cyamunara itanzwe, Umwanditsi Mukuru yemeza raporo n’ibiyikubiyemo

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y’ubushishozi, iy‘uburangare, iyo gukoresha cyamunara ititaye kuby‘icyangombwa, cyangwa iy‘umwete muke wo gukurikirana icyangombwa ngo gishyikirizwe Mukamurigo Yvone.

b.Gusuzuma ishingiro ry’indishyi z’ikurikiranarubanza zatanzwe ku rwego rwa mbere [18] Me Munyangabe Henri Pierre uburanira COGEBANQUE Plc avuga ko amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza urukiko rubanza rwageneye Mukamurigo ntayo agomba guhabwa kuko nta kosa COGEBANQUE Plc yakoze, bityo kuba yarishoye mu manza zitari ngombwa ndetse n’ikirego cye kikaba kidafite ishingiro, n’ayo mafaranga nta shingiro afite. [19] Mukamurigo asanga aya mafaranga yari akwiriye gutangwa kubera ko byabaye ngombwa ko urubanza rubaho nyuma yo kwihanangirizwa kwa COGEBANK ubwo yasabwaga kurangiza inshingano zayo no gukemura ikibazo yari yarateje. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [20] Ingingo ya 111 y’Itegeko N° 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi ivuga ko ikirego cy’amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza ari ikirego gishamikira ku kirego cy’iremezo kigamije kwishyuza ibyakoreshejwe mu rubanza, kikaba kiburanishirizwa rimwe n’ikirego cy’iremezo kandi kikaba gishobora kwakirwa kikanaburanishwa n’iyo ikirego cy’iremezo cyaba kitakiriwe; ingingo ya 34 y’amabwiriza N°01/2014 agena ibihembo by’abavoka igateganya ko avoka afite uburenganzira bwo kugena ibihembo ashyize mu gaciro ariko kitari munsi ya Frw 500 000 kandi kitarengeje Frw 3 000 000. [21] Uwatsinzwe urubanza niwe wishyura amafaranga y’igihembo cy’avoka n’ay’ikurikiranarubanza mu gihe bigaragaye ko yaburaniwe n’avoka kandi ko yakurikiranye urubanza. [22] Mu gika cya 9 cy’urubanza rujuririrwa, Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi rwasanze COGEBANQUE Plc itarubahirije ishingano yo guha Mukamurigo Yvone icyangombwa, bimushora muri uru rubanza, ayo makosa yayaryorezwa indishyi z‘igihombo yamuteje ku by’uru rubanza. Uru Rukiko rusanga impamvu y’ubujurire irebana no kuba nta ndishyi z’ikurikiranarubanza zari gutangwa ku rwego rwa mbere, nta shingiro ifite kuko yahamwe n’amakosa yo kudatanga icyangombwa yagombaga kuba ibitse.

c.Gusuzuma ishingiro ry’indishyi zisabwa n’uwajuriye [23] Me Munyangabe Henri Pierre uburanira COGEBANQUE Plc avuga ko ko COGEBANQUE Plc isaba Urukiko gutegeka Mukamurigo Yvonne kuyiha indishyi za 1.000.000 Frw y’igihembo cy’Avoka, na 500.000 Frw y’ikurikiranarubanza yo ku rwego rubanza n’urw’ubujurire kuko ariwe washoye. [24] Mukamurigo avuga ko ibisabwa na COGEBANQUE bitahabwa ishingiro, asaba kandi kwishyurwa FRW 200,000 yo gukurikirana urubanza ku rwego rw'ubujuririre yose yiyongera

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kuyo yanenwe ku rwego rwa mbere n’ indishyi zingana FRW 1,000,000 y'igihembo cy'Avoka wamuburaniye mu bujurire. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [25] Ingingo ya 111 y’Itegeko N° 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi ivuga ko ikirego cy’amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza ari ikirego gishamikira ku kirego cy’iremezo kigamije kwishyuza ibyakoreshejwe mu rubanza, kikaba kiburanishirizwa rimwe n’ikirego cy’iremezo kandi kikaba gishobora kwakirwa kikanaburanishwa n’iyo ikirego cy’iremezo cyaba kitakiriwe; ingingo ya 34 y’amabwiriza N°01/2014 agena ibihembo by’abavoka igateganya ko avoka afite uburenganzira bwo kugena ibihembo ashyize mu gaciro ariko kitari munsi ya Frw 500 000 kandi kitarengeje Frw 3 000 000. [26] Uwatsinzwe urubanza niwe wishyura amafaranga y’igihembo cy’avoka n’ay’ikurikiranarubanza mu gihe bigaragaye ko yaburaniwe n’avoka kandi ko yakurikiranye urubanza. Kubirebana n’uru rubanza, COGEBANQUE Plc ibyo isaba ntiyabihabwa kuko ubujurire bwayo nta shingiro bufite. Ahubwo, COGEBANQUE Plc niyo igomba kwishyura Mukamurigo Yvonne 500.000 Frw y’igihembo cy’Avoka na 200.000Frw y’ikurikiranarubanza ku rwego rw’Ubujurire. III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO [27] Rwemeje ko ubujurire bwatanzwe na COGEBANQUE Plc nta shingiro bufite. [28] Rwemeje ko imikirize y‘urubanza RCOM 00187/2021/TC rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi kuwa 12/05/2021 n’Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi idahindutse uretse ibirebana n’amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cy’avoka ku rwego rw‘ubujurire. [29] Rutegetse COGEBANQUE Plc kwishyura Mukamurigo Yvonne 700.000Frw (agizwe na 500.000Frw y’igihembo cy’avoka na 200.000Frw y’ikurikiranarubanza) ku rwego rw’ubujurire. [30] Ruvuze ko amafaranga y’amagarama yatanzwe ahwanye n’ibyakozwe mu rubanza