DUSHIMIMANA v UFITINGABIRE

# DUSHIMIMANA v UFITINGABIRE

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2025-01-29 - Case/document no.: RCAA 00018/2024/CA - Collection: Court of Appeal

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DUSHIMIMANA v UFITINGABIRE [Rwanda URUKIKO RW’UBUJURIRE - RCAA 00018/2024/CA (Ngagi, P.J.) 29 Mutarama 2025] Amategeko agenga imanza z’imbonezamubano – Ubutaka – Inkomoko y’ubutaka – Kwiyandikishaho ubutaka - Uwakwiyandikishaho ubutaka aterekanye uko yabubonye muri bumwe mu buryo buteganyijwe n'amategeko, yaba abikoze mu buryo bunyuranyije n’amategeko, bityo ibyangombwa yahabwa, ubwabyo akaba atari byo bituma abugiraho uburenganzira, kubera ko bishobora guteshwa agaciro hagize ugaragaza ko ubwo butaka ari we nyirabwo. Incamake y’ikibazo: Uru rubanza rukomoka ku kibanza cyibarujweho na Dushimimana hanyuma Ufitingabire aza kukiregera mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Gasabo avuga ko Dushimimana yigabije ikibanza cye akakibaruzaho. Urukiko rwatumijeho uregwa ariko ntiyitaba urubanza ruburanishwa adahari, urukiko rwemeza ko ikibanza kiburanwa ari icya Ufitinema. Dushimimana yasubirishijemo urubanza muri urwo rukiko asobanura aho yakomoye ubwo butaka kuko bwatanzwe n’umujyi wa Kigali wabuhaye Bagema na we abugurisha Rugomwa na we waje kubugurisha Dushimimana. urukiko rwemeje ko ikibanza kiburanwa ari icya Dushimimana. Ufitingabire ntiyanyuzwe n’icyo cyemezo akijuririra mu Rukiko Rukuru maze rwemeza ko ubutaka ari ubwe ngo kuko Dushimimana atagaragaje inkomoko y’ubwo butaka. Dushimimana yajuririye icyo cyemezo mu Rukukiko rw’Ubujurire avuga ko Urukiko Rukuru rutasuzumye ibimenyetso yatanze maze uru rukiko rusuzuma ikibazo cyo kumenya nyir’ubutaka buburanwa hashingiwe ku gaciro k’ibinyemetso byatanzwe n’ababuranyi. Urega asobanura ko urukiko rwabanje rwirengagije ibimenyetso yarugaragarije bigaragaza inkomoko y’ikibanza cye aho avuga ko ubwo butaka bwatanzwe n’umujyi wa Kigali ubuha Bagema waje kubugurisha kugeza bumugezeho. Ufitingabire na we asobanura ko icyo kibanza yagihawe n’umurenge wa Kimironko aho agaragaza inyemezabwishyu ya expropriation ndetse n’ibyangombwa byo kubaka yahawe. Urukiko rw’Ubujurire bwahuje ibimenyetso rusanga Dushimimana ari we ugararagaza ibimenyetso birimo numero y’ikibanza kiburanwa naho ibigaragazwa na Ufitenema bikaba bitagaragza numero y’ikibanza avuga ko yahawe bityo bikaba bigoye kumenya niba ikibanza avuga yahawe n’umurenge ari igifitwe na Dushimimana. Incamake y’icyemezo: Uwakwiyandikishaho ubutaka aterekanye uko yabubonye muri bumwe mu buryo buteganyijwe n'amategeko, yaba abikoze mu buryo bunyuranyije n’amategeko, bityo ibyangombwa yahabwa, ubwabyo akaba atari byo bituma abugiraho uburenganzira, kubera ko bishobora guteshwa agaciro hagize ugaragaza ko ubwo butaka ari we nyirabwo. Ubujurire bufite ishingiro. Amategeko yashingiweho: Itegeko No 062/2024 ryo ku wa 20/06/2024 rigenga ibimenyetso mu manza n’itangwa ryabyo, ingingo ya 4;

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Itegeko N˚ 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, ingingo ya 12, 111. Imanza zifashishijwe: RCAA 0018/13/CS, Harerimana Emmanuel na Sebukayire Tharcisse, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 24/12/2014. RS/REV/INJUST/CIV 0003/14/CS hagati ya Mukagatare Grace na Succession Bwanakeye Francois, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 03/03/2017 RS/REV/INJUST/RC 00038/2017/CS hagati ya Itangishaka Leonidas na Nyiramahane Rachel n’undi rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 22/06/2018, RS/INJUST/RC 00007/2020/SC, Twagirayezu Alice n’abandi baburana na Twagirayezu Albert n’abandi rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 10/12/2021. Urubanza I. IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA [1] Ufitingabire Béatrice yareze Dushimimana Blaise mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Gasabo, avuga ko yigabije ubutaka bwe bubaruye kuri UPI: 1/02/09/01/284 buherereye mu Mudugudu w'Abatuje, Akagari ka Bibare, Umurenge wa Kimironko, Akarere ka Gasabo, Umujyi wa Kigali, yahawe na Leta muri gahunda yo gutuza abanyarwanda batagiraga aho kuba, akabwibaruzaho akaba abufitiye ibyangombwa bya burundu bitangwa n'inzego zibifiteye ububasha. Ku munsi w’iburanisha Dushimimana Blaise ntiyitabye kandi yarahamagajwe ahatazwi mu buryo bukurikije amategeko, maze Urukiko ruburanisha urubanza adahari. [2] Mu rubanza No RC00192/2019/TGI/GSBO rwaciwe n'Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Gasabo ku wa 17/05/2021, urwo Rukiko rwemeje ko ikirego rwashyikirijwe na Ufitingabire Béatrice gifite ishingiro, ko ikibanza kibaruye kuri UPI: 1/02/09/01/284 giherereye mu Mudugudu w'Abatuje, Akagari ka Bibare, Umurenge wa Kimironko, Akarere ka Gasabo, Umujyi wa Kigali ari icya Ufitingabire Béatrice, ko icyemezo cy’ubukode burambye cyanditswe kuri Dushimimana Blaise giteshwa agaciro, Umubitsi w’inyandikompamo akacyandika kuri Ufitingabire Béatrice. Rutegeka Dushimimana Blaise guha Ufitingabire Béatrice 200.000 Frw y’indishyi z’akababaro, na 500.000 Frwy’igihembo cya Avoka, akanamusubiza 20.000 Frw yatanzeho ingwate y’amagarama. [3] Nyuma y’uko Dushimimana Blaise amenyeshejwe urwo rubanza, ku wa 05/07/2021, yatanze ikirego cyo kurusubirishijemo ashingiye ku ngingo ya 142, igika cya 4, y’Itegeko Nº 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, ivuga ko "Gusubirishamo urubanza bikorwa mu gihe kitarenze iminsi cumi n’itanu (15) uhereye igihe abimenyeye", avuga ko rwaburanishijwe adahari, akarumenyeshwa ku wa 24/06/2024. Yasobanuye ko ubutaka bubaruye kuri UPI 1/02/09/01/284 ari ubwe, ko yabuguze na Rugomwa Gashabizi Gilbert ku wa 15/11/2017, uyu na we yarabuguze na Bagema Ibrahim ku wa 25/08/2005 uyu akaba yari yarabuhawe n’Umujyi wa Kigali nk’uko bigaragazwa n’ibaruwa yo ku wa 12/05/2005 yamumenyeshaga ko ahawe ikibanza (avis d’octroi

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d’une parcelle), autorisation de bâtir yahawe ku wa 02/05/2005, ndetse na contrat de location yo ku wa 18/11/2017. [4] Ufitingabire Béatrice yasabye ko ikirego cya Dushimimana Blaise cyo gusubirishamo urubanza No RC00192/2019/TGI/GSBO kitakirwa ngo kuko yari asanzwe aruzi akanga kurwitaba nkana. Naho ku birebana n’ibyo avuga ko ikibanza kiburanwa ari icye akomora kuri Bagema Ibrahim wagihawe mu mwaka wa 2005, abyireguraho avuga ko nta shingiro bifite, kuko icyo gihe yari yaramaze kugihabwa n’Umujyi wa Kigali mu mwaka wa 2001, akaba afite ibimenyetso yahawe n’Urwego rubifitiye ububasha bigaragaza ko ari icye, bigizwe n’inyemezabwishyu (Quitances) yishyuriyeho amafaranga ya expropriation n’ayo gutera bornes z’ikibanza cye, amasezerano y’ubwubatsi yagiranye na Ministeri y’Umutekano binyuze kuri Gereza ya Remera ku wa 10/01/2002, inyandiko igaragaza inkunga yo kubakirwa yagombaga guhabwa na Gereza ya Remera, ubuhamya bwanditse bwa Habyarimana Juvénal, ubwa Gahamanyi Bertin n’ubwa Mugabo Casmir wari Conseiller wa Segiteri Kimironko. Asoza asaba indishyi zitandukanye. [5] Mu rubanza No RC 00266/2021/TGI/GSBO rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Gasabo ku wa 26/01/2022, urwo Rukiko rwemeje ko ikirego cyatanzwe na Dushimimana Blaise gifite ishingiro, ko ibimenyetso Ufitingabire Béatrice yatanze bitagaragaza ko umutungo aburana ari uwe. Rutegeka Ufitingabire Béatrice kwishyura Dushimimana Blaise indishyi zingana na 500.000 Frw. [6] Ufitingabire Béatrice yajuririye Urukiko Rukuru avuga ko rwahaye agaciro ibimenyetso byatanzwe na Dushimimana Blaise kandi bitagaragaza inkomoko izwi kandi idashidikanywaho y’umutungo uburanwa, ngo kuko bigenda bivuguruzanya hagati yabyo, ku buryo iryo vuguruzanya rituma bitakaza ireme (substance) ryabyo, kandi ko rwamutegetse kwishyura indishyi zidafite ishingiro. [7] Dushimimana Blaise yiregura avuga ko ubujurire bwa Ufitingabire Béatrice nta shingiro bufite, kuko atagaragaza icyo anenga icyemezo cy’Urukiko ngo agaragaze amakosa rwakoze n’uburyo Urukiko rwajuririwe rwayakosora, ahubwo agaruka ku nkomoko y’ubutaka gusa, agasa n’aho aburana ku rwego rwa mbere. Ku birebana n’ibyo Ufitingabire Béatrice avuga ko Urukiko rwamutegetse kwishyura indishyi zidafite ishingiro, avuga ko indishyi yategetswe kwishyura zari zikwiye, kuko ari we watangije urubanza. [8] Mu rubanza No RCA 00097/2022/HC/KIG rwaciwe ku wa 22/01/2024, Urukiko Rukuru rwemeje ko ubujurire bwa Ufitingabire Béatrice bufite ishingiro kuri bimwe, ko ibyemejwe mu rubanza No RC 00266/2021/TGI/GSBO rwajuririwe bihindutse byose. Rutegeka ko ikibanza gifite UPI :01/02/09/01/284 giherereye mu Mudugudu w’Abatuje, Akagari ka Bibare, Umurenge wa Kimironko, Akarere ka Gasabo, Umujyi wa Kigali, kibaruye kuri Dushimimana Blaise, ari icya Ufitingabire Béatrice kikaba kigomba kumwandikwaho kikava kuri Dushimimana Blaise, ko kandi Dushimimana Blaise agomba gusubiza Ufitingabire Béatrice 40 000 Frw y’ingwate y’amagarama yatanze ajurira hiyongereyeho 20 000 Frw yatanze arega mu rubanza rujuririrwa. [9] Dushimimana Blaise yajuririye uru Rukiko, ubujurire bwe bwandikwa kuri No RCAA 00018/2024/CA. Urubanza rwaburanishijwe mu ruhame ku wa 02/12/2024, Dushimimana Blaise ahagarariwe na Me Bizimana Shoshi Jean Claude.afatanyije na Me Mukaruzagiriza Chantal, naho Ufitingabire Béatrice, ahagarariwe na Me Nsabimana Jean Baptiste, haburanishwa ku

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y’iburabubasha bw’uru Rukiko ishingiye ku gaciro k’iburanwa, maze mu rwego rwo gukemura icyo kibazo, Urukiko rushyiraho impuguke kugira ngo igaragaze agaciro k’iburanwa. Ku wa 16/12/2024, iburanisha ryabaye mu ruhame, impande zombi zihagarariwe nka mbere, hari n’impuguke Batanage Louis, wasabwe gutanga raporo yakoze, ariko bizakugaragara ko hari ibyo yagombaga kwitaho akosora iyo raporo, bituma iburanisha ryimurirwa ku wa 20/01/2025. [10] Ku wa 20/01/2025, iburanisha ryabaye mu ruhame, ababuranyi bahagarariwe nka mbere; nyuma yo gukurikirana ibisobanuro by’impuguke kuri raporo ikosoye yatanze ku wa 17/01/2025, igaragaza ko agaciro k’ikiburanwa kageze kuri miliyoni mirongo irindwi n’esheshatu n’ibihumbi mirongo inani na bitanu na mirongo itandatu na tandatu (76,085,066 Frw), ndetse n’ababuranyi bakavuga ko bayemeye; Urukiko rufatiye icyemezo mu ntebe rwemeza ko ubujurire bwa Dushimimana Blaise buri mu bubasha bwarwo, maze iburanisha rikomeza hasuzumwa ingingo z’ubujurire za Dushimimana Blaise, ababuranyi bemeranya n’Urukiko ko hasuzumwa ikibazo cyo kumenya nyir’umutungo uburanwa hashingiwe ku gaciro k’ibimenyetso byatanzwe n’ababuranyi1 n’icyo kumenya niba indishyi, amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka bisabwa mu rubanza bifite ishingiro. [11] Mu myanzuro ye no mu iburanisha, uhagarariye Dushimimana Blaise avuga ko Urukiko Rukuru rwemeje ko atabasha kwerekana cyangwa ngo avuge uko yabonye kibanza kiburanwa kandi yaragaragaje ibimenyetso bikurikije amategeko byerekana aho yagikomoye, ko kandi Urukiko rutari kwemeza ko ibyo bimenyetso bifite inenge mu gihe nta bindi bimenyetso bibivuguruza byatanzwe na Ufitingabire Béatrice. Avuga kandi ko ibimenyetso mu manza z’imbonezamubano bifite uko bikurikirana, kandi bigereranywa hakurikijwe uko bikurikirana, ko rero bitumvikana uburyo Urukiko Rukuru rwahaye agaciro inyandiko zatanzwe na Ufitingabire Béatrice yahawe n’Umurenge wa Kimironko kuruta izo Dushimimana Blaise yatanze yahawe n’Umujyi wa Kigali, cyangwa uburyo urwo Rukiko rwashingiye ku muco n’ubuhamya kandi Dushimimana Blaise yaratanze ibimenyetso bigizwe n’inyandikomvaho zatanzwe n’Umujyi wa Kigali; asoza asaba indishyi n’amafaranga y’ibyagiye ku rubanza. Ufitingabire Béatrice avuga ko ubujurire bwa Dushimimana Blaise nta shingiro bufite, kuko ibimenyetso byose yaburanishije bitagaragaza inkomoko izwi kandi idashidikanywaho y’ikibanza yiyandikishijeho, kuko bigenda bivuguruzanya hagati yabyo, ku buryo iryo vuguruzanya rituma bitakaza ireme ryabyo nk’uko byemejwe mu gika cya 15 cy’urubanza rujuririrwa. Avuga kandi ko hari ibimenyetso byerekana ko ikibanza gifite UPI:1/02/09/01/284, ari icye yahawe mu buryo bukurikije amategeko n’urwego rwa Leta rwari rubifite ububasha mu rwego rwo gutuza abanyarwanda batahutse batagira aho kuba nk’uko byemejwe mu gika cya 18 n’icya 19 by’urubanza rujuririrwa. Asoza asaba indishyi n’amafaranga y’ibyagiye ku rubanza. [12] Muri uru rubanza Urukiko rurasanga ibibazo bigize impaka bigomba gusuzumwa ari ibi bikurikira: - kumenya nyir’ubutaka buburanwa hashingiwe ku gaciro k’ibimenyetso byatanzwe n’ababuranyi; - kumenya niba indishyi, amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka bisabwa muri uru rubanza bifite ishingiro

1 Reba urupapuro rwa 4 rw’ inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha ryo ku wa 20/01/2025.

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II. ISESENGURA RY’IBIBAZO BIGIZE URUBANZA 1. Kumenya nyir’ubutaka buburanwa hashingiwe ku gaciro k’ibinyemetso byatanzwe n’ababuranyi [13] Abahagarariye Dushimimana Blaise bavuga ko Urukiko Rukuru mu gusuzuma inkomoko y’ikibanza kiburanwa, rwemeje rwibeshye mu gika cya 15 cy’urubanza rujuririrwa, ko Dushimimana Blaise atabasha kwerekana cyangwa ngo avuge uko yabonye icyo kibanza ngo uretse kuvuga ko yagihawe n’Umujyi wa Kigali, aho rwagize ruti: “ Uru Rukiko rurasanga Dushimimana Blaise ugaragaza ko ari we nyiri ikibanza kibaruwe kuri UPI: 1/02/09/01/284, amateka yacyo akavuga ko agikomora ku bugure bwacyo yagiranye na Gilbert wari ufite nawe uwo agikomoyeho ari we Ibrahim, ariko we uterekana ndetse ntanavuge uko yabonye iki kibanza cyangwa ubwo butaka uretse kuvuga ko yabuhawe n’Umujyi wa Kigali...“, ibi akaba ari ukwirengagiza ukuri kandi kugaragazwa n’ibimenyetso byanditse kandi bihuje n’ibitegeganywa n’amategeko agenga imikoreshereze y’ubutaka, ndetse ko usangamo no kwivuguruza k’Urukiko, kuko bitumvikana ukuntu rwavuze ko nta bimenyetso kandi bihari, ko bigaragara ko hanenzwe ibimenyetso bya Dushimimana Blaise ariko bihari. [14] Bavuga kandi ko ikindi banenga icyemezo cy’Urukiko ari uko rukomeza kuvuga ko inenge zagaragaye mu bimenyetso byanditse bya Dushimimana Blaise ari inenge ikomeye aho rugira ruti: “... ariko inyandiko agaragaza nazo zikaba zifite inenge.....ko ibihe zabonekeyeho bigiye bicuritse icyari kuboneka mbere amatariki ukurikije uko ibintu bisanzwe bikorwa ugasanga nicyo cyabonetse nyuma ibi bikaba ari inenge ikomeye ibitesha agaciro ubwabyo’’, ngo kuko ibi na byo ari ukwirengagiza amategeko ndetse n’ukuri kuko ibimenyetso cyane cyane byanditse bitateshwa agaciro n’uko amatariki byabonekeyeho adakurikiranye uko babishaka, kuko ibyo yita inenge atari inenge remezo (quant au fond), ahubwo ari imyandikire gusa, kandi ko Urukiko rutashoboye kugaragaza niba hari Itegeko n’ingingo iteganya ko ibintu nk’ibyo byitwa inenge ikomeye, cyane ko rutasobanuye ngo rwemeze niba inyandiko zivugwa ari imbimpano, ngo ruvuge ko Umujyi wa Kigali utemera ko ari izawo cyangwa niba zaratanzwe n’urwego rutabifitiye ububasha. Basaba Urukiko rw’Ubujurire kuzabona ko ikibanza gifite UPI: 1/02/09/01/284, Dushimimana Blaise aburana na Ufitingabire Béatrice yagikomoye ku bugure yagiranye na Rugomwa Gashabizi Gilbert, uyu akaba na we yaragikomoye ku bugure yagiranye na Bagema Ibrahim, uyu we yari yaragihawe n’Umujyi wa Kigali nk’uko bigaragazwa n’ibimenyetso Dushimimana Blaise yashyikirije Urukiko kandi akaba ari nta bindi bimenyetso byanditse bibivuguruza, cyane ko ari inyandikomvaho. [15] Bakomeza bavuga ko ibyo Ufitingabire Béatrice avuga abishingira ku bimenyetso bishingiye ku buhamya gusa, basanga uretse kuba nta gaciro Urukiko Rukuru rwagombaga kubiha, hashingiwe ku gaciro k’ikiburanywa nk’uko biteganywa n’ingingo ya 64 y’Itegeko nº 15/2004 ryerekeye ibimenyetso mu manza n’itangwa ryabyo yubahirizwaga muri icyo gihe. Ko ikindi gikomeye ari uko mu kugaragaza inkomoko y’ikibanza baburanaga Urukiko rwemeje ko Ufitingabire Béatrice yagihawe mu mwaka wa 2001 n’uwahoze ari Conseiller w’Umurenge wa Kimironko witwaga Mugabo Casimir, uyu akaba nta bubasha yari afite ku byerekeranye n’itangwa ry’ibibanza, kuko ububasha bwari bufitwe n’Umujyi wa Kigali. Bityo ko kuba ku ruhande rwa Dushimimana Blaise inkomoko nyir’izina y’ikibanza gifite UPI:1/02/09/01/284 ari Umujyi wa Kigali, ariko ku ruhande rwa Ufitingabire Béatrice ari Umurenge wa Kimironko, basanga ibyo

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bihagije kugira ngo hemezwe ko icyo kibanza ari icye kuko yagikomoye ku rwego rufite ububasha burenze ubw’urwego rw’Umurenge Ufitingabire Béatrice yitwaza. [16] Bavuga na none ko nta n’ikimenyetso Ufitingabire Béatrice atanga kigaragaza ko icyo kibanza kiburanwa cyaba ari cyo koko yahawe n’urwo rwego rw’Umurenge wa Kimirongo, cyane ko anavuga ko cyahawe imbago (bornes) ariko akaba atagaragaza nomero icyo kibanza avuga ko yahawe cyari gifite ngo habe hasuzumwa niba hari isano yaba ifitanye n’ikibanza kiburanwa gifite UPI: 1/02/09/01/284, cyangwa ngo habe hasuzumwa niba iyo nomero ye ari yo yaje guhindukamo UPI: 1/02/09/01/284. [17] Muri make basoza bavuga ko ibimenyetso bigaragaza ko ikibanza kiburanwa ari icya Dushimimana Blaise ari avis d’octoi de parcelle yo ku wa 12/05/2005 igaragaza ko Umujyi wa Kigali wahaye Bagema Ibrahim ikibanza gifite N°10838 (cyaje guhabwa UPI: 1/02/09/01/284), akigurisha Rugomwa Gashabizi Gilbert ku wa 25/08/2005, uyu nawe akigurisha Dushimimana Blaise. Basobanura ko ubwo butaka bwari gakondo kuko Bagema Ibrahim ari muramu wa Mushimire, kandi ubwo butaka bwari gakondo y’umuryango wa Mushimire Eric na Mukamuramutsa Clemence. Bavuga kandi ko usibye ko Umurenge nta bubasha wari ufite bwo gutanga ibibanza, nta n’ikigaragaza ko ikibanza Ufitingabire Béatrice aburana na Dushimimana Blaise ari cyo koko yaba yarahawe, kuko nta hantu na hamwe hagaragaza nomero y’ikibanza yaba yarahawe. [18] Uhagarariye Ufitingabire Béatrice mu kwiregura kuri iyi ngingo y’ubujurire ya Dushimimana Blaise, avuga ko mu gika cya 15 cy’urubanza No RCA 00097/2022/HC/KIG Urukiko Rukuru rwavuze ko rusanga ibimenyetso byose Dushimimana Blaise yaburanishije bitagaragaza inkomoko izwi kandi idashidikanywaho y’ikibanza yiyandikishijeho, kuko bigenda bivuguruzanya hagati yabyo, ku buryo iryo vuguruzanya rituma bitakaza ireme (substance) ryabyo, bityo ko ntaho rwahera rwemeza ko ari ubwe. Ko muri ibyo bimenyetso harimo inenge zigaragaza ko nta shingiro bifite ku buryo bukurikira:

Kuba inyandiko yo ku wa 12/05/2005 atanga igaragaza ko ibaruwa yandikiwe Bagema Ibrahim yasinywe na Vice Maire Chargé des Affaires Sociales mu mwanya wa Maire de la Ville de Kigali;

Kuba ibikubiye muri iyi nyandiko ubwabyo bigenda bisenya ibindi bimenyetso yatanze aburana ko hari fiche cadastrale y’ikibanza gifite Nº 10839 yanditswe ku mazina ya Bagema Ibrahim ku wa 28/10/2004 nta yindi nyandiko iyibanziriza yanditse ku mazina ye yashingiweho kugira ngo akorerwe iyo fiche cadastrale yateguwe ku wa 30/08/2001, ku kibanza gifite ubuso bungana na 9a 89ca, ari icyo kubakamo inzu yo gukodesha (location), kandi abaturage bafite ibibanza muri iyo site ya Kimironko, babihawe ari ibyo guturamo (résidentiel) n’Umushinga wa TTP (Tente Temporaly Permenent) washyizweho n’Umujyi wa Kigali mu rwego rwo gutuza Abanyarwanda batari bafite aho gutura, kandi ko bose bakatiwe ibibanza muri iyo site, bishyuraga amafaranga ibihumbi mirongo irindwi n’umunane (78.000 Frw) ya expropriation, ibihumbi makumyabiri (20.000 Frw) yo gukatisha imihanda na bornes, n’amafaranga ibihumbi bitatu (3.000 Frw) yo gutera bornes, ari na yo Ufitingabire Béatrice yishyuye nk’uko agaragara kuri bordereaux agaragaza kugira ngo ahabwe ikibanza kiburanwa.

Kuba hari contrat de location à usage résidentiel, Bagema Ibrahim yasinyiwe ʺPO" n’umuntu utazwi ku wa 29/03/2005 igaragaraho umukono wa RUSIHA Gaston, Vice

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Maire chargé des afaires sociales na kashe y’Umujyi wa Kigali bigaragara ko yasinywe mbere yo kwandikira Bagema Ibrahim iriya baruwa yandikiwe ku italiki 12/05/2005, amenyeshwa ko ari bwo agihawe, bikaba bidashoboka ko ku wa 29/03/2005, Vice Maire Chargé des Affaires Sociales, yari gusinyana na Bagema Ibrahim wasinyiwe «po» amasezerano yo gukodesha ikibanza ataragihabwa;

Kuba hari autorisation de bâtir y’ikibanza gifite N° 10839 yanditswe ku mazina ya Bagema Ibrahim ku wa 02/05/2005, bikaba bitumvikana uburyo yahawe uruhushya rwo kubaka ikibanza mbere yo kubona ibaruwa yo ku wa 12/05/2005 ikimuha;

Kuba hari icyangombwa cy’ubutaka bw’ikibanza gifite UPI:1/02/09/01/284 gifite ubuso bungana na m2 660 cyanditswe ku mazina Rugomwa Gashabizi Gilbert ari cyo Dushimimana Blaise avuga ko ari cyo uwo Bagema Ibrahim yagurishije, kandi bigaragara ko isano iri hagati yacyo n’icyitiriwe Bagema Ibrahim gifite ubuso bungana na m2 989 kandi nta nyandiko n’imwe Dushimimana Blaise agaragaza yerekana uburyo cyavuye kuri Rugomwa Gashabizi Gilbert kikandikwa ku mazina ye;

Kuba hari icyangombwa cy’ubutaka bw’ikibanza gifite UPI:1/02/09/01/284 cyanditswe ku mazina Dushimimana Blaise ku wa 18/11/2017 gifite ubuso bungana na m2 661 mu gihe avuga ko gikomoka kuri icyo kibanza cyakaswe gifite ubuso bungana na 9a 89 ca (m2 989) cyitiriwe Bagema Ibrahim kandi ari icya Ufitingabire Béatrice;

Kuba hari raporo yakozwe ku wa 06/11/2011 ku kibanza gihuriweho na Gashabizi Jean Marie Vianney na Ndayisaba Innocent, aho Gashabizi Jean Marie Vianney yasobanuye ko yakiguze na Mukamuramutsa Clémence cyanditse ku mugabo we Bagema Ibrahim, na we agikomora ku mukobwa we witwa Nzaramba Pascasie, ari na we wari nyira cyo gakondo, kandi akaba yaragaragaje ko aho icyo kibanza kiri mu Mudugudu w’Abatuje nta bibanza gakondo byasigayemo, ko ibyakaswe byose byatanzwe na TTP bigatuzwamo abantu batahutse badafite aho kuba, bishyuye amafaranga ya expropriation, ayo guca imihanda, kugura bornes no kuzitera, bagahabwa Reçus n’uwari Conseiller Bwana Mugabo Casimir nk’uko Ndayisaba Innocent na Murigo Faustin na bo babisobanuye muri iyo raporo. [19] Asoza avuga ko ubutaka buburanwa, Ufitingabire Béatrice yabuhawe n’Umujyi wa Kigali binyuze mu mushinga wa TTP wakorerega Kimironko, ko kandi impamvu nta nomero icyo kibanza cyahawe ari uko icyo gihe nta nomero zatangwaga, ko kandi hari raporo igaragaza ko Ufitingabire Béatrice yahawe ikibanza aho hantu. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [20] Ku bijyanye no kumenya nyir’ikibanza kiburanwa, Urukiko rurasuzuma ukuri kw’ibimenyetso byatanzwe na buri ruhande hibandwa cyane kukumenya aho buri wese akomora icyo kibanza. [21] Ingingo ya 4 y’Itegeko No 062/2024 ryo ku wa 20/06/2024 rigenga ibimenyetso mu manza n’itangwa ryabyo, iteganya ko Urega cyangwa utanze ikibazo agaragaza ikimenyetso cy’ibyo aregera cyangwa asaba. Uwiregura agaragaza ikimenyetso gishyigikira ukwiregura kwe (….). Naho ingingo ya 12, igika cya 2, y’itegeko N˚ 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi iteganya

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ibikurikira:” Urega agomba kugaragaza ibimenyetso by’ibyo aregera. Iyo abibuze, uwarezwe aratsinda. Naho uvuga ko atagitegetswe gukora icyo yategekwaga gukora cyagaragajwe n’ibimenyetso agomba kugaragaza impamvu zakimukuyeho. Iyo abiburiye ibimenyetso, uwo baburana aramutsinda”. [22] Mu murongo watanzwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga mu manza zitandukanye harimo n’urwo Harerimana Emmanuel yaburanaga na Sebukayire Tharcisse2, Urukiko rwibukije inshingano y’ababuranyi yo kugaragaza inkomoko y’umutungo cyangwa uburyo umutungo wageze mu maboko yabo, nubwo muri bo haba hari uwufitiye ibyangombwa. [23] Ku bijyanye n’uru rubanza, harasuzumwa ibimenyetso byatanzwe na buri muburanyi bigaragaza ko ikibanza kiburanwa ari cye, hatitawe ko hari uwaba agifiye ibyangombwa, ahubwo hitabwa aho akomora uburenganzira kuri icyo kibanza. [24] Dosiye y’urubanza igaragaza ko ibimenyetso Dushimimana Blaise ashingiraho avuga ko ikibanza kiburwanwe gifite UPI:1/02/09/01/284 ari icye ibi bikurikira: - Avis d’octoi de parcelle yo ku wa 12/05/2005 igaragaza ko Umujyi wa Kigali wahaye Bagema Ibrahim ikibanza gifite N°10838 (cyaje guhinduka UPI: 1/02/09/01/284), akigurisha Rugomwa Gashabizi Gilbert ku wa 25/08/2005, uyu nawe akigurisha Dushimimana Blaise; - Autorisation de batir yo ku wa 02/05/2005 y’ikibanza gifite N°10838 yahawe Bagema Ibrahim n’Umujyi wa Kigali: - Contrat de location à usage résidentiel yo ku wa 29/03/2005 y’ikibanza gifite N°10838 yahawe Bagema Ibrahim; - Fiche cadastrale yo ku wa 28/10/2004 y’ikibanza gifite N°10838; - Amasezerano y’ubugure y’ikibanza gifite N°10838 yo ku wa 25/08/2005 hagati ya Bagema Ibrahim na Rugomwa Gashabizi Gilbert; - Amasezerano y’ubugure y’ikibanza gifite N°10838 yo ku wa 15/11/2017 hagati ya Rugomwa Gashabizi Gilbert na Dushimimana Blaise; - Urupapuro rutangwa n’abayobozi b’inzego z’ibanze rurebana n’icyemezo cy’umutungo rwo ku wa 07/06/2008 yashyizweho umukono n’Umunyamabanga Nshingwabikorwa w’Umurenge wa Kimironko rugaragaza ko ikibanza gifite N°10838 ari icya Rugomwa Gashabizi Gilbert. - Amasezerano y’ubukode burabye bw’ikibanza kibaruye kuri UPI:1/02/09/01/284 ku mazina ya Dushimimana Blaise.

2 Reba urubanza Nº RCAA 0018/13/CS rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 24/12/2014, igika cya 21. Uyu murongo ni nawo wagarutsweho mu rubanza N° RS/REV/INJUST/CIV 0003/14/CS hagati ya Mukagatare Grace na Succession Bwanakeye Francois, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 03/03/2017 no mu rubanza N° RS/REV/INJUST/RC 00038/2017/CS hagati ya Itangishaka Leonidas na Nyiramahane Rachel n’undi rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 22/06/2018, igika cya 19. Reba kandi urubanza Gahire Athanase yaburanaga na Mukarushakiro Gloriose na bagenzi be, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 12/11/2021, igika cya 67; urubanza Nº RS/INJUST/RC 00007/2020/SC rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga Twagirayezu Alice n’abandi baburana na Twagirayezu Albert n’abandi.

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[25] Ku ruhande rwa Ufitingabire Béatrice, ibimenyetso ashingiraho avuga ko ikibanza kiburanwa ari icye n’ibikurikira: -inyemezabwishyu (Quitances) yishyuriyeho amafaranga ya expropriation n’ayo gutera bornes z’ikibanza cye; - Amasezerano y’ubwubatsi yagiranye na Ministeri y’Umutekano binyuze kuri Gereza ya Remera ku iwa 10/01/2002; - Inyandiko igaragaza inkunga yo kubakirwa yagombaga guhabwa na Gereza ya Remera; - Ubuhamya bwanditse bwa Habyarimana Juvénal n’ubwa Gahamanyi Bertin; - Umutangabuhamya Mugabo Casmir wari Conseiller wa Segiteri Kimironko igihe Ufitingabire Béatrice yahabwaga buriya butaka n’abandi bari bahuje ikibazo cyo kutagira aho kuba. [26] Nk’uko byagaragajwe haruguru, Ufitingabire Béatrice uvuga ko ikibanza ari icye, ikigaragara n’uko mu bimenyetso atanga nta na kimwe kigaragaza, ko koko ikibanza aburana cyaba ari icyo Dushimimana Blaise yaba afitiye ibyangombwa, kuko nta na hamwe hagaragara nomero y’ikibanza cyaba cyarahawe Ufitingabire Béatrice, ku buryo ababuranyi bombi baba bahuririra ku kibanza kimwe. [27] Urukiko rurasanga Dushimimana Blaise ari we ugaragaza uburyo yabonye ikibanza kiburanwa kuko agaragaza ko yakiguze na Rugomwa Gashabizi Gilbert ku wa 15/11/2017, uyu nawe akaba yarakiguze na Bagema Ibrahim wagihawe n’Umujyi wa Kigali, nk’uko bigaragazwa na avis d’octroi d’une parcelle yo ku wa 12/05/2005. Iyi nyandiko igaragaza ko icyo kibanza cyari gifite N°10838. Byongeye kandi iyi nomero igaragara muri fiche cadastrale yo ku wa 28/10/2004, bivuze ko ikibanza cyari kizwi nubwo cyari kitarabonerwa ibya ngombwa. Iyi nomero, igaragara na none kuri autorisation de batir yo ku wa 02/05/2005, mu masezerano y’ubugure uko ari abiri yavuzwe haruguru, muri contrat de location à usage résidentiel yo ku wa 29/03/2005, no mu rupapuro rutangwa n’abayobozi b’inzego z’ibanze rurebana n’icyemezo cy’umutungo rwo ku wa 07/06/2008 yashyizweho umukono n’Umunyamabanga Nshingwabikorwa w’Umurenge wa Kimironko. Bivuze ko ibi byemezo byose bihurira kuri nomero imwe, kandi bigaragaza uko ikibanza cyagiye kiva kuri umwe kijya k’uwundi kugeza kigeze mu maboko ya Dushimimana Blaise. [28] Ku ruhande rwa Ufitingabire Béatrice, nk’uko byibukijwe haruguru nta kimenyetso cyerekana ko yigeze ahabwa ikibanza gifite N°10838 yavuye kuri Bagema Ibrahim ikagera kuri Dushimimana Blaise. Rurasanga na none nk’uko bigaragara muri dosiye, ibimenyetso Ufitingabire Béatrice atanga ari byo: inyemezabwishyu (quitances) yishyuriyeho amafaranga ya expropriation n’ayo gutera bornes z’ikibanza cye, amasezerano y’ubwubatsi yagiranye na Ministeri y’Umutekano binyuze kuri Gereza ya Remera ku iwa 10/01/2002, inyandiko igaragaza inkunga yo kubakirwa yagombaga guhabwa na Gereza ya Remera, ubuhamya bwanditse bwa Habyarimana Juvénal n’ubwa Gahamanyi Bertin, n’ubwa Mugabo Casmir wari Conseiller wa Segiteri Kimironko; nta na kimwe muri ibyo bimenyetso kigaragaza ko Ufitingabire Béatrice yigeze ahabwa ikibanza gifite N°10838 giherereye mu Mudugudu w'Abatuje, Akagari ka Bibare, Umurenge wa Kimironko, Akarere ka Gasabo, Umujyi wa Kigali, ari cyo gifite ubu UPI: 1/02/09/01/284 cyanditse ku mazina ya Dushimimana Blaise.

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[29] Ku byo uhagarariye Ufitingabire Béatrice avuga ko ikibanza yagihawe n’Umujyi wa Kigali binyuze mu mushinga wa TTP wakorerega Kimironko, ko kandi impamvu nta nomero z’ikibanza cyahawe Ufitingabire Béatrice ari uko icyo gihe nta nomero zatangwaga, Urukiko rurasanga nta shingiro byahabwa, kuko usibye kubivuga gusa, nk’uko byagaragajwe haruguru, ikibanza Dushimimana Blaise akomora kuri Bagema Ibrahim, fiche cadastrale yacyo yo muri 2004 ni yo igaragaza iriya N°10838 yagiye ihererekanwa kugeza ihindutse UPI: 1/02/09/01/284, ubu yanditse kuri Dushimimana Blaise. Urukiko rurasanga ibyo uruhande rwa Ufitingabire Béatrice ruvuga ko mu mwaka wa 2001 nta nomero zatangwaga bivuguruzwa nuko fiche cadastrale y’ikibanza cya Bagema Ibrahim yo muri 2004 iriho numero y’icyo kibanza, bivuze ko muri icyo gihe nomero zatangwaga; kandi n’iyo mu mwaka wa 2001 zaba zitaratangwaga hakwibanzwa, impamvu ki mu mwaka 2004 atayishatse ku buryo kugeza atanga ikirego mu Rukiko atigeze agaragaza iyo nomero. [30] Ku byo na none uhagarariye Ufitingabire Béatrice avuga ko avis d’octroi de parcelle yasinyweho P.O. na Vice Maire chargé des affaires sociales mu mwanya wa Maire de la ville de Kigali, Urukiko rurasanga atari inenge, kuko ubivuga atagagaraza itegeko ryamubuzaga kubikora. [31] Ku byo avuga hari icyangombwa cy’ubutaka bw’ikibanza gifite UPI:1/02/09/01/284 cyanditswe ku mazina Dushimimana Blaise ku wa 18/11/2017 gifite ubuso bungana na m 2 661 mu gihe avuga ko gikomoka kuri icyo kibanza cyakaswe gifite ubuso bungana na 9a 89 ca (m2 989) cyitiriwe Bagema Ibrahim kandi ari icya Ufitingabire Béatrice, Urukiko rurasanga ntacyo byamumarira kuko bitagaragaza ko icyo kibanza ari icya Ufitingabire Béatrice. [32] Urukiko rurasanga kandi kuba hari aho itariki ya autorisation de bâtir iza mbere y’iya avis d’octroi de parcelle, bidahesha Ufitingabire Béatrice, uburenganzira ku mutungo atagaragariza ibimenyetso ko uwo avuga ko ari uwe, ari nawo Dushimimana Blaise afitiye ibimenyetso ndetse n’ibyangombwa nk’uko byagaragajwe haruguru, akaba kandi atashoboye kugaragaza aho awukomora. [33] Urukiko rurasanga kuba Ufitingabire Béatrice atabashije kugaragariza inkomoko y’umutungo avuga ko ari uwe, ntaho rwahera rutegeka ko umutungo wanditse kuri Dushimimana Blaise kandi yagaragarije ibimenyetso wakwandikwa kuri Ufitingabire Béatrice; bityo urubanza No RCA 00097/2022/HC/KIG rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru ku wa 22/01/2024, rukaba ruhindutse mu ngingo zarwo zose. 1. 2. Kumenya niba indishyi, amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka bisabwa muri uru rubanza bifite ishingiro [34] Uhagarariye Dushimimana Blaise ashingiye ku ngingo ya 111 y’Itegeko Nº 22/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi ivuga ku mafaranga y’ibyagiye ku rubanza asaba Urukiko rw’Ubujurire gutegeka Ufitingabire Béatrice guha Dushimimana Blaise indishyi zingana na miliyoni cumi n’eshanu (15.000.000 Frw) zikubiyemo iz’akababaro, iz’igihombo yatejwe no kudakoresha umutungo we mu bwisanzure, miliyoni eshatu (3.000.000 Frw) y’igihembo cya Avoka kuva ku rwego rwa mbere kugeza kuri uru rwego, amafaranga ibihumbi magana atanu (500.000 Frw) y’ikurikiranarubanza ndetse n'amafarama ibihumbi mirongo irindwi (70.000 Frw) y’amagarama y’urubanza, akubiyemo ayo ku rwego rubanza (TGI) 20.000 Frw, na 50.000 Frw yo kuri uru rwego rw'ubujurire.

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[35] Avuga kandi ko indishyi Ufitingabire Béatrice asaba nta shingiro zifite, ngo kuko atari Dushimimana Blaise wamureze ahubwo ari we watangije urubanza, kandi ko n’iyo aza kuba we, guharanira uburenganzira bwe nta kosa ririmo. [36] Uhagarariye Ufitingabire Béatrice mu kwiregura kuri izi ndishyi Dushimimana Blaise asaba, avuga ko nta shingiro zifite, ashingiye ku ngingo ya 3 y’Itegeko ryerekeye ibimenyetso mu manza n’itangwa ryabyo yubahirizwaga urubanza rutangira, ngo kuko bigaragara ko ari we wabaye nyirabayazana w’uru rubanza acura umugambi wo gufindafinda inyandiko zavuzwe hajuru, agamije kumuhuguza ikibanza cye, yitwaje ko yari atarabona ubushobozi bwo kucyubaka. Avuga kandi ko Dushimimana Blaise ari we ukwiye gutegekwa guha Ufitingabire Béatrice indishyi z’akababaro no gushorwa mu manza z’amaherere zingana na miliyoni eshanu (5.000.000 Frw) na miliyoni ebyiri (2.000.000 Frw) y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA 2. a. Ku birebana n’indishyi z’akababaro n’igihombo cyo

kudakoresha umutungo mu bwisanzure [37] Ku birebana n’indishyi z’akababaro zisabwa na Dushimimana Blaise, Urukiko rurasanga ntazo akwiye, kuko atakagaragaza akabaro yagize, naho kudakoresha umutungo mu bwisanzure, nazo Urukiko rurasanga ntazo akwiye, kuko usibye kuba atagaragaza izo asaba nta nubwo asobanura aho zishingiye. 3. b) Ku birebana n’amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka [38] Ingingo ya 111 y’Itegeko N°22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryibukijwe, iteganya ibikurikira: “Ikirego cy’amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza ni ikirego gishamikira ku kirego cy’iremezo kigamije kwishyuza ibyakoreshejwe mu rubanza. Ikirego cy’amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza kiburanishirizwa rimwe n’ikirego cy’iremezo. Gishobora kandi kwakirwa kikanaburanishwa n’iyo ikirego cy’iremezo cyaba kitakiriwe”. [39] Urukiko rurasanga amafaranga y’igihembo cya Avoka n’ay’ikurikiranarubanza asabwa na Dushimimana Blaise akwiye kuyagenerwa, ariko kuko ayo asaba ari menshi cyane ugereranyije n’imiterere y’uru rubanza, mu bushishozi bw’Urukiko rumugeneye miliyoni imwe (1,000,000 Frw) y’igihembo cya Avoka n’ibihumbi magana atandatu (600.000 Frw) y’ikurikirarubanza, ku nzego zose, akubiyemo n’ayo yishyuye Impuguke yakoze igenagaciro ry’ikibanza kiburanwa, akaba agomba gutangwa na Ufitingabire Béatrice. Rurasanga ayo Ufitingabire Béatrice asaba atagomba kuyahabwa kuko ubujurire bwa Dushimimana Blaise bwahawe ishingiro. III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO [40] Rwemeje ko ikirego cy’ubujurire cyatanzwe na Dushimimana Blaise gifite ishingiro kuri bimwe. [41] Rwemeje ko urubanza No RCA 00097/2022/HC/KIG rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru ku wa 22/01/2024, ruhindutse mu ngingo zarwo zose.

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[42] Rwemeje ko ikibanza gifite UPI: 1/02/09/01/284 giherereye mu Mudugudu w'Abatuje, Akagari ka Bibare, Umurenge wa Kimironko, Akarere ka Gasabo, Umujyi wa Kigali, ari icya Dushimimana Blaise. [43] Rutegetse Ufitingabire Béatrice guha Dushimimana Blaise amafaranga miliyoni imwe (1,000,000 Frw) y’igihembo cya Avoka n’ibihumbi magana atandatu (600.000 Frw) y’ikurikirarubanza, ku nzego zose, akubiyemo n’ayo yishyuye Impuguke yakoze igenagaciro ry’ikibanza kiburanwa.