UBUSHINJACYAHA v HITIMANA

UBUSHINJACYAHA v HITIMANA

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2025-10-24 - Case/document no.: RPAA 00386/2025/CA - Collection: Court of Appeal

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UBUSHINJACYAHA v HITIMANA [Rwanda URUKIKO RW’UBUJURIRE - RPAA 00386/2025/CA (Mukamurenzi, P.J.) 24 Ukwakira 2025] Amategeko agenga imanza z’inshinjabyaha – Igabanyagihano – Igihano gitangwa ku cyaha gihanishwa igifungo cya burundu - Iyo hari impamvu nyoroshyacyaha zemejwe n’umucamanza, icyaha gihanishwa igihano cy’igifungo cya burundu n’ihazabu irenze 20.000.000 Frw ariko atarenze 30.000.000 FRW, icyo gihano gishobora kugabanywa ariko ntikijye munsi y’igifungo cy’imyaka 15, ihazabu nayo ikaba yagabanywa ariko ntijye munsi ya 5.000.000 Frw. Incamake y’ikibazo: Hitimana yaketswe kuba acuruza urumogi, hamaze gutangwa amakuru ko yavuye kurangura, inzego z’umutekano zijya iwe zimufatana udupfunyika tw’urumogi 54 yari yahahishe. Ubushinjacyaha bwamureze mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Muhanga icyaha cyo gucuruza ibiyobyabwenge busaba ko cyamuhama agahanishwa igihano cy’igifungo cya burundu. Uregwa yaburanye ahaka icyaha cyo gucuruza urumogi, akemera ko yafatanywe urumogi rwo yanywaga gusa. Urukiko rwasanze ahamwa n’icyaha cyo gucuruza urumogi, rumuhanisha igihano cy’igifungo cya burundu n’ihazabu ya 20.000.000 Frw. Uregwa yajuririye icyo cyemezo mu Rukiko Rukuru asaba ko yagabanyirizwa igihano byaba ngombwa kigasubikwa kuko yemeye icyaha kuva agifatwa. Urukiko rushingiye ku kuba icyaha yakoze nta ngaruka cyateje, kuba kandi yarafatanywe ingano ntoya y’urumogi, rwasanze uregwa akwiye

kugabanyirizwa igihano, rumuhanishi igifungo cy’imyaka 15 n’ihazabu ya Frw 5.000.000. Uregwa na none yajuririye icyo cyemezo mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire asaba kongera kugabanyirizwa igihano, uru rukiko rusuzuma ikibazo cyo kumenya niba yakongera kugabanyirizwa igihano ndetse akanagisubikirwa. Asobanura ko akomeje gutakamaba asaba imbabazi ku cyaha yakoze bityo Urukiko rukaba rwasuzuma rugasanga ko yemeye icyaha yakoze, agisabira imbabazi kandi amaze no kugororoka akaba akwiye kongera kugabanyirizwa igihano byaba ngombwa kikanasubikwa. Ubushinjacyaha buvuga ko igihano uregwa yahawe ari cyo gito giteganijwe ku bahamwe n’icyaha yakoze bityo ntigikwiye kugabanywa no gusubikwa. Inshamake y’icyemezo: Iyo hari impamvu nyoroshyacyaha zemejwe n’umucamanza, icyaha gihanishwa igihano cy’igifungo cya burundu n’ihazabu irenze 20.000.000 Frw ariko atarenze 30.000.000 FRW, icyo gihano gishobora kugabanywa ariko ntikijye munsi y’igifungo cy’imyaka 15, ihazabu nayo ikaba yagabanywa ariko ntijye munsi ya 5.000.000 Frw. Ubujurire, nta shingiro bufite. Amategeko yashingiweho: Itegeko nº 68/2018ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange n’uko ryahinduwe, ingingo ya 64 Imanza zifashishijwe: RPAA 01372/2024/CA, Ubushinjacyaha na BAGENZI Jean Marie Vianney, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 19/09/2025.

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Urubanza I. IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA

[1] Inzego z'ubuyobozi bw‘ibanze ndetse n'iz'umutekano mu Mumudugudu wa Nyabisindu, Akagali ka Gitarama, Umurenge wa Nyamabuye, Akarere ka Muhanga zari zarahawe amakuru ko Hitimana Issa acuruza urumogi, maze ku wa 11/10/2021 bamenya ko avuye kururangura, bahita bajya iwe mu nzu yabagamo bigize abaguzi, bamufatana urumogi udupfunyika mirongo itanu na tune (54) aho yari yarutabye, arangije aterekaho ijerekani mu buryo bwo kuruhisha. [2] Ubushinjacyaha bwareze Hitimana Issa mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Muhanga bumukurikiranyeho icyaha cyo gucuruza ibiyobyabwenge byo mu bwoko bw’urumogi, aburana yemera ko yafatanwe urumogi, akavuga ko ari urwo kunywa. [3] Mu rubanza No RP 01312/2021/TGI/MHG rwaciwe ku wa 04/11/2021, Urukiko rwemeje ko Hitimana Issa ahamwa n’icyaha aregwa rushingiye ku kuba abashinzwe kurwanya ibiyobyabwenge bari basanzwe bafite amakuru ko acuruza urumogi bajya n’iwe kumusaka bakamusangana udupfunyika 54 tw’urumogi, no kuba Hitimana Issa nawe atarahakanye ko urumogi rwafatiwe iwe ari urwe n’ubwo avuga ko rwari urwo kunywa, maze rumuhanisha igifungo cya burundu n’ihazabu ya 20.000.000 Frw. [4] Hitimana Issa yajuririye urwo rubanza mu Rukiko Rukuru, urugereko rwa Nyanza asaba Urukiko guca inkoni izamba rukamugabanyiriza igihano, agahanishwa igihano kiri munsi y’igihano gito giteganywa n’amategeko, ndetse icyo gihano kikanasubikwa kuko yemeye icyaha akanagisabira imbabazi.

Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha yasabye ko mu bushishozi bw’Urukiko, rwamugabanyiriza igihano harebwa uburemere bw’icyaha, ariko ibyo gusubikirwa byo atabihabwa. [5] Mu rubanza No RPA 01122/2021/HC/NYZ rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru, urugereko rwa Nyanza ku wa 28/03/2025, Urukiko rwavuze ko urubanza rujuririra ruhindutse gusa ku birebana n’ibihano, rugabanyiriza Hitimana Issa igihano rushingiye ku kuba icyaha yakoze nta ngaruka zikomeye cyateje no kuba yarafatanwe ingano nto y’urumogi, rumuhanisha igifungo cy’imyaka 15 n’ihazabu ya 5.000.000 Frw, runemeza ko ibyo asaba ko igihano yahanishwa cyasubikwa nta shingiro bifite kuko igifungo yakatiwe kirengeje imyaka 5. [6] Hitimana Issa yajuririye urwo rubanza mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire, urubanza ruhabwa Nº RPAA 00386/2025/CA, iburanisha ribera mu ruhame ku wa 14/10/2025, Hitimana Issa yunganiwe na Me SEBAZUNGU A. Catherine, naho Ubushinjacyaha buhagarariwe na HABINEZA Jean Damascène. [7] Mu myanzuro y’ubujurire no mu miburanire, Hitimana Issa avuga ko akomeje gutakambira Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ngo rumugabanyirize igihano ndetse kinasubikwe kuko akomeje kwemera icyaha ku buryo budashidikanwaho akanagisabira imbabazi. Me SEBAZUNGU A. Catherine umwunganira avuga ko igihano uwo yunganira yahanishijwe gikurikije amategeko.

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[8] Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga ko ku birebana no kongera kugabanyirizwa ibihano Hitimana Issa asaba, basanga bitashoboka kuko ibihano yahawe ari byo bito biteganywa n’Itegeko.

[9] Mu rubanza harasuzumwa ibibazo bikurikira: a) Kumenya niba Hitimana Issa yakongera kugabanyirizwa igihano; b) Kumenya niba yasubikirwa igihano.

II. ISESENGURA RY’IBIBAZO BIGIZE URUBANZA

1) Kumenya niba Hitimana Issa yakongera kugabanyirizwa igihano. [10] Hitimana Issa avuga ko yajuriye kugira ngo atakambire Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ngo rumuhe amahirwe yo kumugabanyiriza igihano rumuhanishe igihano gito kubera ko yafatanwe ingano nto y‘urumogi no kuba akomeje kwemera icyaha ku buryo budashidikanwaho akanagisabira imbabazi, akaba yaranamaze kumenya ububi n’ingaruka by‘icyaha. [11] Me SEBAZUNGU A. Catherine umwunganira, avuga ko igihano cy’igifungo cy’imyaka 15 n’ihazabu ya 5.000.000 Frw Hitimana Issa yahanishijwe cyakurikije amategeko, ariko ko ibyo asaba byasuzumwa. [12] Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga ko ubujurire bwa Hitimana Issa butahabwa ishingiro kuko ntacyo anenga urubanza, kandi akaba adashobora kongera kugabanyirizwa ibihano kuko ibyo yahawe ari byo bito biteganywa n’ingingo ya 2 y’Itegeko n° 59/2023 ryo ku wa 04/12/2023 rihindura Itegeko n° 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange.

UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [13] Impaka kuri iki kibazo zishingiye kukumenya niba igihano Hitimana Issa yahanishijwe cyo gufungwa imyaka 15 n’ihazabu ya 5.000.000 Frw gishobora kongera kugabanywa. [14] Ikibazo cyo kumenya niba umuntu wahamijwe icyaha cyo gucuruza ibiyobyabwenge by’urumogi ashobora kugabanyirizwa igihano ku buryo kijya munsi y’igifungo cy’imyaka 15 n’ihazabu ya 5.000.000 Frw, cyatanzweho umurongo mu manza zitandukanye zaciwe n’uru Rukiko, mu ziheruka harimo n’urubanza Nº RPAA 01372/2024/CA rwaciwe ku wa 19/09/2025 haburana Ubushinjacyaha na BAGENZI Jean Marie Vianney. Umurongo uhuriweho n’izo manza ni uko iyo hari impamvu nyoroshyacyaha zemejwe n’umucamanza, icyaha gihanishwa igihano cy’igifungo cya burundu n’ihazabu irenze 20.000.000 Frw ariko atarenze 30.000.000 FRW, icyo gihano gishobora kugabanywa ariko ntikijye munsi y’igifungo cy’imyaka 15, ihazabu nayo ikaba yagabanywa ariko ntijye munsi ya 5.000.000 Frw.

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[15] Nk’uko bigaragara mu rubanza rujuririrwa, Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Nyanza rwasanze kuba icyaha Hitimana Issa yakoze nta ngaruka zikomeye cyateje no kuba yarafatanwe ingano nto y’ibiyobyabwenge ari impamvu nyoroshyacyaha zatuma agabanyirizwa igihano. Urukiko rushingiye ku biteganywa n’ingingo ya 2 agace ka (a) na (d) y’Itegeko Nº 059/2023 ryo ku wa 04/12/2023 rihindura Itegeko Nº 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange, rwamugabanyirije igihano cy’igifungo cya burundu n’ihazabu ya 20.000.000 Frw yahanishijwe ku rwego rwa mbere, rumuhanisha igifungo cy’imyaka 15 n’ihazabu 5.000.000 Frw.

[16] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rushingiye ku murongo wavuzwe haruguru watanzwe ku byerekeye igabanyagihano ku bantu bahamijwe icyaha cyo gucuruza ibiyobyabwenge byo mu bwoko bw’urumogi, rurasanga ubujurire bwa Hitimana Issa nta shingiro bufite, kuko yagabanyirijwe igihano kubera impamvu nyoroshyacyaha, ahanishwa igihano gito kidashobora kugibwa munsi cy’igifungo cy’imyaka 15 n’ihazabu ya 5.000.000 Frw.

2) Kumenya niba Hitimana Issa yasubikirwa igihano

[17] Hitimana Issa asaba ko yagabanyirizwa igihano, maze igihano yahabwa kigasubikwa. [18] Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga ko ibyo Hitimana Issa asaba nta shingiro byahabwa kuko ntacyo anenga urubanza ngo anagaragaze ingingo ashingiraho ishimangira ibyo avuga.

UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA

[19] Ingingo ya 64 y’Itegeko nº 68/2018ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange n’uko ryahinduwe iteganya ibikurikira : (1) “Iyo uwakatiwe nta kindi gihano cy’igifungo kirenga amezi 6 yahanishijwe mbere, urukiko, rukoresheje icyemezo gisobanura impamvu, rushobora gutegeka gusubika irangiza ry’igihano cyose cyangwa igice cy’igihano cy’iremezo cyangwa cy’ingereka, iyo igihano cy’iremezo cy’igifungo umuntu yakatiwe kitarenze imyaka 5”. [20] Nk’uko urubanza rujuririrwa rubigaragaza, Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Nyanza rushingiye kuri iyo ngingo, rwasanze igihano Hitimana Issa yahawe kitasubikwa kuko igihano kirengeje igifungo cy’imyaka 5. [21] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga ibyo Hitimana Issa asaba ko yagabanyirizwa igihango, icyo ahawe kigasubikwa nta shingiro bifite, kuko nk’uko byasobanuwe haruguru, ubujurire bwe busaba kugabanyirizwa igihano cy’igifungo cy’imyaka 15 n’ihazabu ya 5.000.000 Frw butahawe ishingiro. Hashingiwe kandi ku biteganywa n’ingingo ya 64 y’Itegeko nº 68/2018ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 icyo gihano kikaba kidashobora gusubikwa.

III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO

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[22] Rwemeje ko ubujurire bwa Hitimana Issa nta shingiro bufite; [23] Rwemeje ko urubanza no RPA 01122/2021/HC/NYZ, rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru, urugereko rwa Nyanza ku wa 28/03/2025 rudahindutse; [24] Rwemeje ko igihano cy’igifungo cy’imyaka 15 n’ihazabu ya 5.000.000 Frw yahanishijwe mu rubanza rujuririrwa kidahindutse.