KAMARANDE N’ UNDI vs. UMUTONI N’ UNDI

# KAMARANDE N’ UNDI vs. UMUTONI N’ UNDI

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2023-04-28 - Case/document no.: RCOMAA 00001/2023/CA - Collection: Court of Appeal

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KAMARANDE N’ UNDI vs. UMUTONI N’ UNDI [Rwanda URUKIKO RW’UBUJURIRE – RCOMAA 00001/2023/CA (Kamere, P.J.,) 28 Mata 2023] Amategeko agenga imiburanishirize y’imanza – Ikirego kiregera gutambamira urubanza – Ibihe byo gutambamira urubanza – Ikirego kiregera gutambamira urubanza nticyakirwa iyo cyatanzwe nyuma y’ibihe biteganywa n’itegeko. Incamake y’ikibazo: Mu Rubanza rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rwa Kamarande na Mutoni, aho Urukiko rwemeje ko ikirego gitambamira imikirize y’urubanza, cyatanzwe na Kamarande Theogene na Naberaho Dorothée, kitakiriwe kuko cyatanzwe nyuma y’igihe giteganywa n’amategeko. Kamarande Théogène na Naberaho Dorothée bajuririye mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire bavuga Ikigo cy’Ubutaka cyabandikiye kibamenyesha iteshagaciro ry’ibyangombwa by’umutungo bibanditseho, maze batanga ikirego gitambamira urubanza mu Rukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi, narwo rwemeza ko kitakiriwe kuko cyatanzwe nyuma y’igihe giteganywa n’amategeko, barusaba kwemeza ko ikirego gitambamira urubanza cyakirwa, bityo urubanza rujuririrwa rugasubizwa mu Rukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi, ikirego kikaburanishwa mu mizi yacyo. Uwitwa Umutoni Mariam nawe yiregura avuga ko impamvu y’ubujurire itangwa na Kamarande Théogène na Naberaho Dorothée nta shingiro ikwiye guhabwa kuko batagaragaza icyo banenga icyemezo cy'Urukiko mu rubanza bajuririra, asaba urukiko kwemeza ko iyi ngingo y'ubujurire nta shingiro ifite. Umutoni Mariam avuga kandi ko yari yasabye indishyi z'akababaro zikomoka ku kuba akomeje gushorwa mu manza ku maherere, ariko ko Urukiko rukaba rwaraciye urubanza ntacyo ruvuze ku byo yari yasabye, asaba ko iyo nenge yakosorwa, anasaba uru Rukiko gutegeka Kamarande Theogene na Naberaho Dorothee na Habumuremyi Jean Marie Vianney fafatanya kumuha izo ndishyi. Habumuremyi Jean Marie Vianney yiregura avuga ko atafatanya n’abajuriye kwishyura indishyi ahubwo ko zatangwa n’ abareze. Incamake y’icyemezo: Ikirego kiregera gutambamira urubanza nticyakirwa iyo cyatanzwe nyuma y’ibihe biteganywa n’itegeko. Ubujurire nta shingiro bufite; Imikirize y’urubanza rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi igumaho mu ngingo zarwo zose; Amagarama y’urubanza ahwanye n’ibyarukozwemo. Amategeko yashingiweho: Itegeko N° 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, ingingo ya 164.

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Nta manza zifashishijwe. Urubanza I. IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA [1] Mu Rubanza RCOMA 00733/2022/HCC rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi ku wa 05/01/2023, Urukiko rwemeje ko ikirego gitambamira imikirize y’urubanza RCOMA 00029/2021/HCC rwaciwe n’urwo Rukiko ku wa 13/08/2021, cyatanzwe na Kamarande Theogene na Naberaho Dorothée, kitakiriwe kuko cyatanzwe nyuma y’igihe giteganywa n’amategeko, runavuga ko ingwate yatanzwe ihereye ku isanduku ya Leta kuko ihwanye n’ibyakozwe mu rubanza. Icyo cyemezo kikaba ari cyo Kamarande Theogene na Naberaho Dorothée bajuririye muri uru Rukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 08/01/2023, kikandikwa kuri RCOMAA 00001/2023/CA. [2] Iburanisha ryabaye ku wa 18/04/2023 ababuranyi bose bahari, Kamarande Théogène na Naberaho Dorothée bahagarariwe na Me Sadi Jash, Habumuremyi Jean Marie Vianney ahagarariwe na Me Utazirubanda Gad, naho Umutoni Mariam ahagarariwe na Me Rwigema Vincent. Urukiko rwongera gusuzuma niba hari inenge iri mu rubanza rwajuririwe ku cyemezo rwafashe ku iyubahirizwa ry’ibihe biteganywa n’amategeko byo gutambamira urubanza, ubujurire bwuririye ku bundi bwa Umutoni Mariam burebana n’indishyi z’akababaro n’amafaranga y’ibyagenze ku rubanza yari yasabye mu rubanza rujuririrwa ariko ntabihabwe, n’ikibazo cy’amafaranga yasabwe kubera ibigenda ku rubanza kuri uru rwego rw’ubujurire. Isomwa ry’urubanza rishyirwa ku wa 28/04/2023, ari nacyo gihe rusomeweho mu ruhame. II. IBIBAZO BIGIZE URU RUBANZA N’ISESENGURA RYABYO Gusuzuma niba hari amakosa Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rwakoze mu kwemeza  ko ikirego cyatanzwe na Kamarande Théogène na Naberaho Dorothée kitakiriwe kuko cyatanzwe nyuma y’igihe giteganywa n’amategeko [3] Me Sadi Jashi, uhagarariye Kamarande Théogène na Naberaho Dorothée, avuga ko ku wa 18/11/2022 ari bwo abo ahagarariye bamenye urubanza batambamira ari uko uwo munsi bandikiwe ibaruwa n’Ikigo cy’Ubutaka mu Rwanda ibamenyesha iteshagaciro ry’ibyangombwa bibanditseho, ngo ibikubiye muri iyo baruwa bikaba bisobanutse kandi nta rujijo rubirimo kuko igaragaza bidashidikanywaho impamvu n’ibishingirwaho by’urubanza rwabayeho batabayemo ababuranyi kandi batanatumiwemo. Avuga ko ibyo kuba ngo urubanza Kamarande Theogene na Naberaho Dorothée bararumenye mbere atari ko bimeze, kuko mu nyandiko y’umuhesha w’inkiko yo ku wa 17/06/2022 ya Me Utazirubanda Gad n’iyo ku wa 15/7/2022, ari inyandiko ivuga ko imitungo ya Kamarande Theogene na NaberahO Dorothée isabiwe itambama, ariko ko gusaba ari kimwe no guhabwa kikaba ikindi, ko byanditswemo ko iyo mitungo ishyizwemo itambama, iby’agateganyo n’ibyarangije gukorwa ngo bikaba bitandukanye kandi ntaho bihuriye no kumenyeshwa urubanza. Avuga ko kumenyeshwa ibisabirwa gukorwa bitandukanye mu buryo bwose no kumenyeshwa urubanza, ko inyandiko yo ku wa 17/06/2022 itari igamije kumenyesha urubanza rutambamirwa ku buryo yahuzwa n’icyo amategeko ateganya ku bijyanye n’ibihe mu ngingo ya 164 ya CPCCSA (Itegeko ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi) iteganya ko igihe cyo

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gutambamira urubanza ari amezi abiri (2) abarwa uhereye igihe utanze ikirego yabimenyeyeho kandi ko iyo hari ibimenyetso bigaragaza neza ko yamenye urubanza rutambamirwa igihe rwaburanishwaga icyo kirego kitakirwa. [4] Me Sadi Jash asobanura kandi ko uburyo bwo kumenyesha urubanza rwose ari procédure (inzira) ukwayo igira uburyo n’imihango yo kumenyeshwa icyemezo cy’Urukiko ikorwamo kandi ko abagombaga kubikora babyirengagije nkana kuko batakwitwaza ko batazi amategeko. Avuga ko mu ibaruwa y’umuhesha w’inkiko yo ku wa 17/06/2022, urubanza rwavuzwemo gusa ariko ko nta havuzwe ko yahawe incarubanza (ngo habayeho kumenyesha gusa urubanza), ko nta na dispositif (icyemezo cyafashwe mu rubanza) bamenyeshejwe, ko iyo kumenyeshwa bikorwa uko bikwiye ngo bari kwandika ko “ uyu munsi menyesheje kanaka inyandiko iyi n’iyi n’urubanza uru n’uru…”, ariko ngo si ko byakozwe. Bityo agasaba uru Rukiko rw’Ubujurire kwemeza ko ikirego gitambamira urubanza RCOMA 00029/2021 cyakirwa, urubanza rujuririrwa rugasubizwa mu Rukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi, ikirego kikaburanishwa mu mizi yacyo. [5] Me Rwigema Vincent, uhagarariye Umutoni Mariam, avuga ko impamvu y’ubujurire itangwa na Kamarande Théogène na Naberaho Dorothée nta shingiro ikwiye guhabwa kuko abajuriye batagaragaza icyo banenga icyemezo cy'Urukiko mu rubanza bajuririra, ngo banerekane uko buri nenge ikigaragaramo yakosorwa hisunzwe ibiteganywa n'amategeko, bityo ko kuba abajuriye ntacyo bagaragaza nk'inenge ku byashingiweho mugufata icyemezo biboneka guhera mu bika bya 9-14 by'urubanza rujuririrwa, asaba uru Rukiko rw'Ubujurire kwemeza ko iyi ngingo y'ubujurire nta shingiro ifite. [6] Avuga ko nta nenge abona mu rubanza rujuririrwa, ko uhereye ku gika cya 7 kugeza ku cya 11 cyarwo umucamanza yasobanuye uko ibihe byo gutambamira urubanza byagombaga kubarwa kugeza ku wa 05/08/2022 haherewe ku nyandiko y’Umuhesha w’Inkiko yo ku wa 17/06/2022, aho umuhesha w’inkiko yavuze ko urubanza ruri ku mugereka w’iyo nyandiko, no mu gusubiza kuri iyo nyandiko ku wa 15/07/2022 Me Utazirubanza Gad mu izina ry’abajuriye ubu yavuze ko bamaze gusesengura urubanza RCOMA 00029/2021/HCC rwakosowe n’urubanza RS/RECT/RCOM 00019/2021/HCC, ibi ngo bakaba batari kubivuga batabanje kurubona no kurusoma. Ashingiye ku bikubiye mu ngingo ya 62 y’Itegeko rigenga Abahesha b’inkiko n’uburyo umurimo wabo ukorwa, akaba asanga iyo nyandiko y’umuhesha w’inkiko igifite agaciro kayo, bityo ko ubu bujurire nta gaciro bwahabwa, ikirego kigakomeza kutacyirwa. [7] Me Utazirubanda Gad, uhagarariye Habumuremyi Jean Marie Vianney, avuga ko uwo ahagarariye atajuriye ariko ko ibisobanuro bye ari bimwe n’ibyatanzwe haruguru n’uburanira abajuriye. Avuga ko aho guhera ku nyandiko y’umuhesha w’Inkiko (kuko ntaho basinye ko bakiriye kopi y’urubanza) babara ibihe byo gutambamira urubanza haherwa ku ibaruwa yaturutse mu biro by’ubutaka isubiza iyo yari yabandikiye mu izina ry’aba bajuriye, kandi ko n’ubwo ari we wanditse iyo baruwa abahagarariye, urubanza yarusesenguye ruturutse kuri Habumenyi Jean Marie Vianney waregwaga na Umutoni Mariam, ko mu kuvugira Kamarande Théogène na Naberaho Dorothée yakoresheje amakuru yavanye mu rubanza yari ahagarariyemo HabumuremyI, ngo ibyo bikaba bitafatwa nk’ikimenyetso cy’uko Kamarande na Naberaho bari baramenyeshejwe urubanza. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA

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[8] Ingingo ya 164 y’Itegeko N° 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, iteganya ibikurikira: “Igihe cyo gutambamira urubanza ni amezi abiri (2) abarwa uhereye igihe utanze ikirego yabimenyeyeho. Iyo hari ibimenyetso bigaragaza neza ko yamenye urubanza rutambamirwa igihe rwaburanishwaga, icyo kirego nticyakirwa”. [9] Ingingo ya 64 y’Itegeko N°12/2013 ryo ku wa 22/03/2013 rigenga umurimo w’abahesha b’inkiko iteganya ibikurikira: “Ibikorwa by'umuhesha w'inkiko mu rwego rw'akazi ashinzwe bifatwaho ukuri keretse igihe biteshejwe agaciro n'inkiko”. [10] Dosiye y’Urubanza, igaragaza ku kimenyetso cya 008 ko Umuhesha w’Inkiko w’umwuga Me Ntaganda Louis Marie de Mont Fort, abasanze mu rugo iwabo, mu nyandiko yamenyesheje aba barega icyemezo cy’Urukiko mu rubanza RCOMA 00029/2021/HCC (ruri ku mugereka) ku wa 17/06/2022, ku itambamira ry’umutungo, ariko banga kumusinyira ko babyakiriye. Ku wa 15/07/2022, Kamarande Theogene na Naberaho Dorothee bahagarariwe na Me Utazirubanda Gad bakaba barasubije uwo muhesha w’inkiko mu nyandiko bamusaba kuvanaho mu maguru mashya itambama yashyize ku mutungo wabo1. Ku wa 18/11/2022 baba ari bwo babona ibaruwa iturutse mu biro by’ubutaka2, ibamenyesha iteshagaciro ry’ibyangombwa bibanditseho, naho ku wa 13/12/2022 baba ari bwo barega batambamira urubanza RCOMA 00029/2021/HCC rwaciwe ku wa 13/08/2021. [11] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rushingiye kuri urwo rw’amatariki ibikorwa bimaze kuvugwa haruguru byakoreweho, rukabihuza n’ibiteganywa n’ingingo ya 62 y’Itegeko rigenga Abahesha b’Inkiko b’umwuga yibukijwe haruguru, ndetse n’ingingo ya 164 y’Itegeko ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza nayo yibukijwe haruguru ku bijyanye n’ibarwa ry’ibihe byo gutambamira urubanza, rurasanga kimwe n’uko byasobanuwe n’Urukiko rwaciye urubanza rwajuririwe, ku wa 17/06/2022 ari bwo Kamarande Théogène na Naberaho Dorothée bamenyeshejwe itambamba ku mitungo yabo itimukanwa kandi ko icyo gihe banagejejweho ku mugereka urubanza RCOMA 00029/2021/HCC rwaciwe ku wa 13/08/2021. Bityo kuregera gutambamira urwo rubanza ku wa 13/12/2022 bikaba byarakozwe bikererewe, icyo kirego kikaba kitagomba kwakirwa nk’uko n’Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rwabyemeje. [12] Ku bijyanye n’imvugo za Me Utazirubanda Gad ubu uhagarariye mu rubanza Habumuremyi Jean Marie Vianney, z’uko mu izina ry’abaregwa yigeze gusesengura urubanza rutambamirwa yifashishije kopi y’urubanza yari yaramenye ukundi nk’uwari uruhagarariyemo Habumuremyi Jean Marie Vianney yaburaniraga, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga ibyo nta shingiro byahabwa, mu gihe atagaragaza inyungu Habumuremyi Jean Marie Vianney yari afite kuri iryo tambama ashakira ibimenyetso abandi babifitemo inyungu, kandi ko izo mvugo zidakuraho agaciro k’inyandiko y’umuhesha w’inkiko yavuzwe haruguru yo ku wa 17/06/2022. Gusuzuma niba indishyi z’akababaro n’andi mafaranga Umutoni Mariam yasabye  mu Rukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi ndetse n’ayo asaba kuri uru rwego yabihabwa 1 Reba ikimenyetso cya 009, hari ibaruwa ya Kamarande Theogene isubiza. 2 Reba ikimenyetso cya 002, hari ibaruwa yo mu Biro by’Ubutaka.

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[13] Me Rwigema Vincent avuga ko mu Rukiko Rukuru rw'Ubucuruzi Umutoni Mariam yari yasabye indishyi z'akababaro zingana na 5.000.000 Frw zikomoka ku kuba akomeje gushorwa mu manza ku maherere, mu gihe uwo yagurishije imigabane ye muri Company we yatwaye business ye akagumana n'amafaranga, ahubwo akamushora mu manza z'amaherere kugeza n’ubwo nyuma yo kuzitsindwa arimo kwifashisha abakozi be kugira ngo aburizemo irangizwa ryazo. [14] Avuga kandi ko Umutoni Mariam yari yasabye amafaranga 500.000 Frw y'ikurikiranarubanza n'igihembo cya Avoka kingana na 1.000.000 Frw, ariko Urukiko rukaba rwaraciye urubanza ntacyo ruvuze ku byo yari yasabye, binyuranije n'ibiteganywa n'ingingo ya 10 y’Itegeko ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, akaba asaba ko mu bujurire iyo nenge yakosorwa hashingiwe ku biteganywa n'ingingo ya 152 y’iryo tegeko. Mu iburanisha yasobanuye ko uwo asaba gucibwa aya mafaranga n’indishyi ari Kamarande Theogene na Naberaho Dorothee bafatanyije na Habumuremyi Jean Marie Vianney kuko uyu ari umukoresha wabo ubifashisha mu gushoza imanza kuri Umutoni Mariam no guhisha imitungo ye ayibandikishaho kandi bo nta bushobozi bafite bwo kugura iyo mitungo. [15] Kuri uru rwego rw’ubujurire na ho, Umutoni Mariam arasaba Urukiko gutegeka abamaze kuvugwa haruguru gufatanya kumusubiza amafaranga yatakaje kubera uru rubanza angana na 500.000 Frw y'ikurikiranarubanza na 1.000.000 Frw y'igihembo cya Avoka. [16] Ku kibazo cy’indishyi zisabwa Me Sadi Jashi, uburanira Kamarande na Naberaho, avuga ko ikibazo cyari icya référé (ikirego cyihutirwa), ko icyemezo kuri icyo kirego kiba kiri provisoire (agateganyo), bityo ko kuba nta ndishyi n’amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka bigomba gutangwa bifite ishingiro. [17] Naho ku kibazo cyo kuba Habumuremyi Jean Marie Vianney yafatanya n’abajuriye kwishyura indishyi n’amafaranga bisabwa, Me Utazirubanda Gad, uhagarariye Habumuremyi, avuga ko badakwiriye kuba bafatanya hitwajwe ko ari shebuja, kandi ko nta n’ikimenyetso abigaragariza ko ari shebuja wabo, ko haramutse hagize indishyi n’amafaranga bicibwa hategekwa ko abareze babyishyura hakurikijwe itegeko. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [18] Ingingo ya 111 y’Itegeko N° 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi iteganya ibikurikira: “Ikirego cy’amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza ni ikirego gishamikira ku kirego cy’iremezo kigamije kwishyuza ibyakoreshejwe mu rubanza. Ikirego cy’amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza kiburanishirizwa rimwe n’ikirego cy’iremezo. Gishobora kandi kwakirwa kikanaburanishwa n’iyo ikirego cy’iremezo cyaba kitakiriwe”. [19] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga ikirego cy’indishyi z’akababaro Umutoni Mariam asaba avuga ko yazisabye mu Rukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi ntiruzimuhe2, kitaragombaga gusuzumwa 2 Indishyi z'akababaro zingana na 5.000.000 Frw zikomoka ku kuba akomeje gushorwa mu manza ku maherere, mu gihe uwo yagurishije imigabane ye muri Company we yatwaye

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kuko ikirego cyo gutambamira urubanza zagombaga gusuzumirwamo cyari kimaze gufatwaho icyemezo cyo kutakirwa, icyo kibazo kandi kikaba kitari mu biteganywa n’ingingo ya 111 y’Itegeko ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza yibukijwe haruguru ko gishobora gusuzumwa kabone n’iyo ikirego kitakiriwe. Kubera izo mpamvu no muri ubu bujurire kikaba kitagomba gusuzumwa mu mizi kuko ikirego cy’iremezo cyakomeje kutakirwa nk’uko bimaze gusobanurwa haruguru. [20] Ku kibazo cy’amafaranga y’ibigenda ku rubanza Umutoni Mariam yasabye mu Rukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi ntayahabwe, uru Rukiko rushingiye ku biteganywa n’ingingo zagaragajwe hejuru cyane cyane iya 111 yavuzwe, rurasanga nta cyari kubuza gusuzuma iki kibazo kuko urubanza yasabwemo ari urwo gutambamira urw’ikirego cyihutirwa rwaburanwaga ari urubanza rusanzwe, bitandukanye n’ibivugwa n’abarega ko hagomba gufatwamo ibyemezo by’agateganyo, kandi n’izo manza byafashwemo zaramaze kuburanishwa no gucibwa burundu, ku buryo batagaragaza urundi rubanza rwaba rusigaye inyuma rutaracibwa ngo abe ari rwo ayo mafaranga yazasuzumirwamo. Kubera iyo mpamvu amafaranga agomba kugenerwa agomba gutangwa mu bushishozi bw’Urukiko kuko ayo yari yasabye ari umurengera ugereranyijwe n’ibyakozwe mu rubanza, Kamarande na Naberaho bari bareze ariko ikirego cyabo nticyakirwe bakaba bagomba gufatanya (in solidum) kwishyura Umutoni Mariam 500.000 Frw y'igihembo cya Avoka na 100.000 Frw y'ikurikiranarubanza arebana n’urubanza mu Rukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi ku rwego rwa mbere. [21] Ku kibazo cy’amafaranga y’ibigenda ku rubanza Umutoni Mariam asaba kuri uru rwego, naho Urukiko rushingiye ku ngingo ya 111 yibukijwe haruguru, rurasanga akwiye kugenerwa atanzwe mu bushishozi bw’Urukiko, akishyurwa n’abajuriye angana na 500.000 Frw y'igihembo cya Avoka na 200.000 Frw y'ikurikiranarubanza. [22] Ku kibazo cyo kumenya niba Habumuremyi JMV yakagombye gufatanya na Kamarande na Naberaho amafaranga bategetswe kwishyura Umutoni, Urukiko rurasanga nta shingiro byahabwa, kuko uretse no kuba uburanira Umutoni Mariam atarabashije kugaragaza ko Habumuremyi ari shebuja w’abajuriye kandi ubakoresha mu kuregera inyungu ze, nta n’ubwo agaragaza ishingiro mu mategeko ry’uko umukozi wese ugize icyo aregerwa aba agomba gufatanya uburyozwe n’umukoresha we. III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO [23] Rwemeje ko ubujurire bwatanzwe na Kamarande Théogène na Naberaho Dorothée nta shingiro bufite; [24] Rutegetse ko imikirize y’urubanza RCOMA 00733/2020/HCC rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi ku wa 05/01/2023 igumaho mu ngingo zarwo zose; [25] Rutegetse Kamarande Théogène na Naberaho Dorothée gufatanya kwishyura Umutoni Mariam 1.300.000 Frw y'igihembo cya Avoka n'ikurikiranarubanza ku nzego zose; Business ye akagumana n'amafaranga, ahubwo akamushora mu manza z'amaherere ku…

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[26] Ruvuze ko amafaranga y’amagarama yatanzwe na Kamarande Théogène na Naberaho Dorothée kuri uru rubanza ahwanye n’ibyarukozwemo;