Karumuhizi v Nyirakaziga

# Karumuhizi v Nyirakaziga

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2023-10-30 - Case/document no.: RS/INJUST/RC 00007/2021/CA - Collection: Court of Appeal

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KARUMUHINZI BAUDOUX vs NYIRAKAZIGA [Rwanda URUKIKO RW’UBUJURIRE – RS/INJUST/RC 00007/2021/CA (Munyangeri, P.J; Ngagi na Kamere, J.) 30 Ukwakira 2023] Amategeko mbonezamubano – Amategeko agenga ubutaka – Nyiri ubutaka – Umuntu ntiyitwa nyir’umutungo utimukanwa hashingiwe gusa ku kuba ari we uwubaruyeho ku byangombwa by’umutungo byabugenewe, ahubwo agomba no kubasha gusobanura inkomoko yawo. Amategeko agenga amasezerano – gutesha agaciro amasezerano – ikirego kigamije gutesha agaciro amasezerano y’ubugure gitangwa gusa n’uwaguze, ariko nyiri ikintu cyagurishijwe atabizi, ashobora gutanga ikirego kigamije kugaruza ibye gusa (action en revendication). Amategeko agenga gusubirishamo imanza ku mpamvu z’akarengane – ibibazo bishya – Ibibazo bitasuzumwe mu rubanza rusabirwa gusubirwamo ku mpamvu z’akarengane ntibishobora gusuzumwa mu rubanza rwasabiwe gusubirishwamo ku mpamvu z’akarengane kuko umuburanyi atavuga ko yagize akarengane ku kibazo atigeze asaba Urukiko gusuzuma. Incamake y’ikibazo: Uru rubanza rwatangiye Karumuhizi Baudoux arega Nyirakaziga mu Rukiko rw’Ibanze rwa Kigabiro, avuga ko umukobwa we Karumuhinzi Laura yagurishije umurima utari uwe, awugurisha Nyirakaziga. Nyirakaziga yabanje gutanga inzitizi y’iburabusha bwa Karumuhinzi Baudoux, asaba ko mbere yo kwitwa umuzungura wa Karumuhinzi Laurien nyirumutungo wa mbere, yabanza kugaragaza basezeranye buryo bwemewe n'amategeko, anasaba ko Karumuhinzi Baudoux ubwe yakwitaba akiburanira kugira ngo asobanure uko izungura ryagenze nyuma y'urupfu rwa Karumuhinzi Laurien kuko yari ahagarariwe na Avoka. Urukiko rwafashe icyemezo cyo kuzasuzuma izo nzitizi mu rubanza mu mizi. Mu rubanza mu mizi, Nyirakaziga yireguye avuga ko isambu iburanwa yayiguze na nyirayo asaba Urukiko kudasesa ayo masezerano y'ubugure ngo kuko yaguze n’umutima mwiza (acquéreur de bonne foi). Asaba kandi ko mu gihe Urukiko rwasanga amasezerano yaseswa, rwategeka Karumuhinzi Baudoux kumusubiza agaciro k’ubwo butaka ndetse n’ak'inzu yubatswemo nk’uko kagaragara muri raporo y'abahanga. Urukiko mu rubanza RC001/15/TB/KGRO rwemeje ko, inzitizi zatanzwe na Nyirakaziga nta shingiro zifite; rwemeza ko amasezerano y 'ubugure bw'umurima uburanwa ateshejwe agaciro; rwemeza ko umurima uburanwa ari uwa Karumuhinzi Baudoux, umugore wa Karumuhinzi Laurien. Urukiko rwategetse kandi ko Karumuhinzi Baudoux guha Nyirakaziga amafaranga 34.407.100Frw y'agaciro k'umurima ndetse na 9.509.500 Frw y'agaciro k'inzu zubatsemo. akayamuha ahereye kuri 3.000.000Fw yari yatanzeho ingwate itangwa n’abanyamahanga. Karumuhinzi Baudoux yajuririye Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Ngoma anenga kuba Urukiko rw'lbanze rwaramutegetse kwishyura agaciro k’isambu n’ak’inzu yubatsemo k’uyu munsi kandi amasezerano yaguriweho yarabaye imfabusa, avuga ko Nyirakaziga yari akwiye gusubizwa amafaranga yatanze

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angana na 6.392.209Frw ahwanye n'agaciro k'inzu, akanasubizwa 800.000Frw yaguze ubutaka, avuga kandi ko Nyirakaziga yaraguze umutungo uburanwa akoresheje uburiganya, ntacyo akwiye gusubizwa, ariko ko mu gihe Urukiko rwabibona ukundi yakwishyurwa gusa amafaranga yavuzwe haruguru, yanasabye kandi amafaranga y’ibyagiye ku rubanza. Nyirakaziga we avuga ko ubujurire bwa Karumuhinzi nta shingiro bufite, anatanga ubujurire bwuririye ku bundi asaba ko urubanza rujuririrwa ruhinduka kuko yaguze mu buryo bukurikije amategeko, nawe kandi yasabye amafaranga y’ibyagiye ku rubanza. Urukiko mu rubanza RCA0122/015/TGl/NGOMA rwemeje ko, Ubujurire bwa Karumuhinzi Baudoux nta shingiro bufite; rwemeza ko amasezerano y'ubugure yakozwe ku murima uburanwa hagati ya Karumuhinzi Laura na Nyirakaziga agumanye agaciro kayo; rwemeza ko Karumuhinzi Baudoux aha Nyirakaziga Kabeja amafaranga angana na 1.500.000Frw akubiyemo amafaranga y’ikuriranarubanza n’igihembo cya avoka. Karumuhinzi Baudoux yajuririye Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Rwamagana, ku mpamvu zo kuba Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwaraciye urubanza ku kitaraburanishijwe, aho rwavuze ko uwarindaga uwo mutungo yasinye ku masezerano azi neza uwawumurindishije, kandi ngo ntaho bihuriye n'ikiburanwa, no kuba rwaratesheje agaciro imvugo y'abatangabuhamya nta mpamvu. Nyirakaziga yiregura avuga ko ubujurire bwa Karumuhinzi Baudoux nta shingiro bufite kuko Urukiko rutatandukiriye, kuko nawe yatanze ubujurire bwuririye ku bundi asaba ko amasezerano y'ubugure agumana agaciro kayo. Ku birebana n’imvugo z’abatangabuhamya, avuga ko batabazwa ngo kuko ngo bagaragaye ku rutonde (liste) rw’abantu bavuga ko uwo murima ari uwa Karumuhinzi Baudoux. Urukiko mu rubanza RCAA0007 /16/HC/RWG rwemeje ko, ubujurire bwatanzwe na karumuhinzi Baudoux nta shingiro bufite; rwemeje ko Urukiko Rwisumuye rutandukiriye mu guca urubanza, rwemeje kandi ko amasezerano y'ubugure bw'umurima uburanwa yabaye hagati ya Karumuhinzi Laura na Nyirakaziga agumanye agaciro kayo. Karumuhinzi Baudoux yasabye ko urubanza RCAA0007/16/HC/KIG rusubirwamo ku mpamvu z’akarengane, nyuma yuko Urwego rw’Umuvunyi rukoze raporo igaragaza ko urwo rubanza rushobora kuba rurimo akarengane, Perezida w’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga, mu cyemezo No171/CJ/2021 yemeje ko urwo rubanza rusubirwamo ku mpamvu z’akarengane, maze arwohereza mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire kugira ngo ruzongere ruburanishwe. Karumuhinzi Baudoux avuga ko Urukiko Rukuru, mu rubanza RCAA0007/16/HC/RWG rwemeje ko amasezerano yabaye hagati ya Karumuhinzi Laura na Nyirakaziga agumana agaciro rwirengagije ko Karumuhinzi Laura yagurishije umutungo utari uwe. Nyirakaziga yiregura avuga ko ikirego cya Karumuhinzi Baudoux nta shingiro gifite, kuko atabasha kugaragaza akarengane yagiriwe mu rubanza RCAA0007/16/HC/RWG, ko kandi atabasha kugaragaza ko Karumuhinzi Laura yagurishije umutungo utari uwe, ko nta n’ibimenyetso afite byerekana ko umutungo wagurishijwe ari uwe, ko indishyi z’akababaro asaba zidakwiye gusuzumwa, kuko ataziregeye mu rubanza asubirishamo, ndetse ko n’amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka asaba nta shingiro afite, ko ahubwo ariwe ukwiye guhabwa ayo asaba.

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Incamake y’icyemezo: 1. Umuntu ntiyitwa nyir’umutungo utimukanwa hashingiwe gusa ku kuba ari we uwubaruyeho ku byangombwa by’umutungo byabugenewe, ahubwo agomba no kubasha gusobanura inkomoko yawo. Bityo uvuga ko umutungo ari uwe, niwe ufite umutwaro wo kugaragaza ibimenyetso byuko umuntu umutungo wanditseho kandi uwurimo yawubonye mu buryo bw’uburiganya, agaragaza nyine inkomoko y’uburenganzira awufiteho. 2. Ntabwo umuntu yaregera ingingo y’amasezerano atabayemo. Bityo, ikirego kigamije gutesha agaciro amasezerano y’ubugure gitangwa gusa n’uwaguze, ariko nyiri ikintu cyagurishijwe atabizi, ashobora gutanga ikirego kigamije kugaruza ibye gusa (action en revendication). 3. Ibibazo bitasuzumwe mu rubanza rusabirwa gusubirwamo ku mpamvu z’akarengane ntibishobora gusuzumwa mu rubanza rwasabiwe gusubirishwamo ku mpamvu z’akarengane kuko umuburanyi atavuga ko yagize akarengane ku kibazo atigeze asaba Urukiko gusuzuma. Bityo ntabwo umuburanyi yasaba indishyi z’akababaro bwa mbere mu Rukiko rubunisha urubanza rusubirwamo ku mpamvu z’akarengane. 4. Amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka atangwa mu bushishozi b’Urukiko iyo uyasaba atayatangira ibimenyetso kandi ayo asaba ari menshi. Ikirego gisubirishamo urubanza RCAA0007/16/HC/RWG ku mpamvu z’akarengane nta shingiro gifite. Amategeko yashingiweho: Itegeko No 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, Ingingo ya 12, 111 Itegeko N° 15/2004 ryo ku wa 12/06/2004 ryerekeye ibimenyetso mu manza n’itangwa ryabyo, Ingingo ya 2, 65 Imanza zifashishijwe: urubanza RS/INJUST/RC 00003/2022/SC, Hakizimana Jean Bosco vs Munyaneza Fabien na Ntakirutinka Béatrice hagobokamo KABERA Fidѐle rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 05/05/2023. Urubanza RCAA00045/2016/SC Mukaruhanga Alexia vs Nyirahabimana Emertha, hakagobokamo KOLD HANSEN Jesper rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 24/05/2019,. Urubanza RS/INJUST/RC00004/2019/SC Havugimana Emmanuel, Mukamana Mamique na Umuhoza Aisha vs Candali Vérène n’abandi barugobotsemo rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 28/07/2020. Urubanza RADAA 00011/2022/CA, Nzabarimana Abdallahaman vs Umujyi wa Kigali rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 12/06/2023, Urubanza RCAA 0018/13/CS Harerimana Emmanuel vs Sebukayire Tharcisse. rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 24/12/2014,

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Urubanza RS/INJUST/RC 00036/2022/CA, Uzamukunda Jeanne vs Sawasawa Jules n’abandi bagobogeshejwe rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 26/05/2023; Urubanza RS/INJUST/RC 00003/2023/CA, Rwasabahizi Peter vs Rwampunga Emmanuel rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 29/06/2023, igika cya 38 Urubanza I. IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA [1] Ku wa 30/12/2006, Karumuhinzi Laura na Nyirakaziga Kabeja Anne-Marie bagiranye amasezerano y’ubugure bw’umurima uri mu Kagari ka Nyabisindu, Umurenge wa Musha, Akarere ka Rwamagana, Intara y’Iburasirazuba, Nyirakaziga Kabeja Anne-Marie wawuguze awushyiramo ibikorwa n’inzu. [2] Ku wa 09/01/2014, Karumuhinzi Baudoux Claire yareze Nyirakaziga Kabeja Anne Marie mu Rukiko rw’Ibanze rwa Kigabiro avuga ko umukobwa we Karumuhinzi Laura yagurishije umurima utari uwe. Asobanura ko yashakanye n'uwitwa Karumuhinzi Laurien w’umunyarwanda, uyu mugabo we akaza kugura iyo sambu akayishyiramo ibikorwa n'inzu, ariko nyuma akaza gupfa, akaba ari we wasigaranye iyo sambu, ko umwana we Karumuhinzi Laura yigabije uwo mutungo akawugurisha Nyirakaziga Kabeja Anne Marie, akaba ari we uwufite, ariko ko Karumuhinzi Laura wawumugurishije yapfuye. [3] Mbere yo kwiregura kuri iki kirego, Nyirakaziga Kabeja Anne Marie yatanze inzitizi y’iburabusha bwa Karumuhinzi Baudoux Claire, asaba ko kugira ngo yitwe umuzungura wa Karumuhinzi Laurien yabanza kwerekana icyemezo cy’uko yasezeranye na we mu buryo bwemewe n'amategeko, anasaba ko Karumuhinzi Baudoux Claire ubwe yakwiyizira akiburanira kugira ngo asobanure uko izungura ryagenze nyuma y'urupfu rwa Karumuhinzi Laurien kuko yari ahagarariwe na Avoka. Urukiko rwafashe icyemezo cyo kuzasuzumira izo nzitizi hamwe n'urubanza mu mizi. [4] Ku birebana n’urubanza mu mizi, Nyirakaziga Kabeja Anne Marie yiregura avuga ko isambu iburanwa yayiguze na nyirayo hari abaturage benshi kandi ko byakorewe imbere y’ubuyobozi bw’inzego z’Ibanze kugera ku Murenge, ko icyo azi ari uko yaguze isambu akaba yarakoze ibyo yasabwaga n’amategeko byose, bityo ko asaba Urukiko kudasesa ayo masezerano y'ubugure ngo kuko yaguze n’umutima mwiza (acquéreur de bonne foi), no kuba mu gihe yaguraga ubutaka butari bubaruye nko kuri ubu, ko ahubwo Umurenge ari wo watangaga acte de notoriété, akaba ari na wo wemeje ko ubwo butaka ari ubwa Karumuhinzi Laura, ubanje kubigenzura bihagije. Asaba kandi ko mu gihe Urukiko rwaba rusanze amasezerano yavanwaho, rwategeka Karumuhinzi Baudoux Claire kumusubiza agaciro k’ubwo butaka ndetse n’ak'inzu yubatswemo nk’uko kagaragara muri raporo y'abahanga. [5] Mu rubanza RC001/15/TB/KGRO rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ibanze rwa Kigabiro ku wa 30/10/2015, rwemeje ko: Inzitizi rwashyikirijwe n’uregwa nta shingiro zifite;

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Amasezerano y 'ubugure bw'umurima yabaye hagati ya Karumuhinzi Laura na Nyirakaziga Kabeja Anne Marie ku wa 30/12/2006 ateshejwe agaciro ; Umurima ubaruye kuri No UPI:5/01/09/05/1879 uherereye mu Mudugudu wa Bwiza, Akagari ka Nyabisindu, Umurenge wa Musha, Akarere ka Rwamagana, lntara y'Iburasirazuba ari uwa Karumuhinzi Baudoux Claire umugore wa Karumuhinzi Laurien. [6] Urukiko rwategetse ko icyemezo cy'ubukode burambye No UPI:5/01/09/05/1879 cyanditse kuri Nyirakaziga Kabeja Anne Marie giteshwa agaciro, Umubitsi w' inyandikompamo akabwandika kuri Karumuhinzi Baudoux Claire, umugore wa Karumuhinzi Laurien; runategeka Karumuhinzi Baudoux Claire guha Nyirakaziga Kabeja Anne Marie amafaranga angana na miliyoni mirongo itatu n’enye n’ibihumbi magana ane na birindwi n’ijana (34.407.100Frw) y'agaciro k'umurima ndetse na miliyoni icyenda n’ibihumbi magana atanu n’icyenda na magana atanu (9.509.500Frw) y'agaciro k'inzu zubatseho mu kibanza Nº UPI:5/01/09/05/1879, akayamuha ahereye kuri miliyoni eshatu (3.000.000Frw) ari kuri konti iri muri BNR 1000004185 yari yaratanzeho ingwate itangwa n’abanyamahanga; rwategetse kandi Nyirakaziga Kabeja Anne Marie gusubiza Karumuhinzi Baudoux Claire amafaranga ibihumbi makumyabiri na bitanu (25.000Frw) y'amagarama yatanze arega. [7] Karumuhinzi Baudoux Claire yajuririye Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Ngoma anenga kuba Urukiko rw'lbanze rwaramutegetse kwishyura agaciro k’isambu n’ak’inzu yubatsemo k’uyu munsi kandi amasezerano yaguriweho yarabaye imfabusa, Nyirakaziga Kabeja Anne Marie akaba yari akwiye gusubizwa ayo yatanze (rétroactivité de la nullité du contrat) angana na miliyoni esheshatu n’ibihumbi magana tatu na mirongo icyenda na bibiri na magana abiri n’icyenda (6.392.209Frw) ahwanye n'agaciro k'inzu, akanasubizwa amafaranga ibihumbi magana inane (800.000Frw) yaguze ubutaka, hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 24 CCLII yubahirizwaga icyo gihe, no ku murongo watanzwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga mu rubanza RCAA 0018/13/SC wanashingiweho n'Urukiko rw'lbanze, kuba Nyirakaziga Kabeja Anne Marie yaraguze umutungo uburanwa akoresheje uburiganya (mauvaise foi) awugura na Karumuhinzi Laura atawufitiye ibyangombwa, kandi yari afite n'abavandimwe ntacyo yasubizwa, ariko ko mu gihe Urukiko rwabibona ukundi yakwishyurwa gusa amafaranga yavuzwe haruguru, ndetse anasaba amafaranga y’ibyagiye ku rubanza. Nyirakaziga Kabeja Anne Marie avuga ko ubujurire bwe nta shingiro bufite, anatanga ubujurire bwuririye ku bundi asaba ko urubanza rujuririrwa ruhinduka kuko yaguze mu buryo bukurikije amategeko, anasaba amafaranga y’ibyagiye ku rubanza. [8] Mu rubanza RCA0122/015/TGl/NGOMA rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Ngoma ku wa 10/03/2016, rwemeje ko : Ubujurire bwa KARUMUHINZI Baudoux Claire budafite ishingiro ; Urubanza No RC001/15/TB/KGRO ruhindutse mu ngingo zarwo zose ; Amasezerano y'ubugure yo ku wa 30/12/2006 bw' umurima uri mu Karere ka Rwamagana, Umurenge wa Musha, Akagari ka Nyabisindu, Intara y'Iburasirazuba, ubaruye kuri nº UP:15/01/09/05/1879 yabaye hagati ya Karumuhinzi Laura na Nyirakaziga Kabeja Anne Marie agumanye agaciro kayo;

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Karumuhinzi Baudoux Claire aha Nyirakaziga Kabeja Anne Marie amafaranga angana na miliyoni imwe (1.000.000 Frw) y'ikurikiranarubanza agenwe mu bushishozi kuko ayakwa ari ikirenga agahabwa amafaranga ibihumbi magana atanu (500.000Frw) y'igihembo cya Avoka ; Amafaranga y'ingwate y'amagarama yatanzwe ahwanye n’ibyakozwe mu rubanza. [9] Karumuhinzi Baudoux Claire yajuririye Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Rwamagana, ku mpamvu zo kuba Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Ngoma rwaraciye urubanza ku kitaraburanishijwe, aho rwavuze ko uwarindaga uwo mutungo yasinye ku masezerano azi neza uwawumurindishije, kandi ngo ntaho bihuriye n'ikiburanwa, no kuba rwaratesheje agaciro imvugo y'abatangabuhamya nta mpamvu. [10] Nyirakaziga Kabeja Anne Marie yiregura avuga ko ubujurire bwa Karumuhinzi Baudoux Claire nta shingiro bufite kuko Urukiko rutatandukiriye, cyane ko mu bujurire Karumuhinzi Baudoux Claire yavugaga ko yagombaga kumusubiza gusa amafaranga yatanze, ko kandi nawe yatanze ubujurire bwuririye ku bundi asaba ko ayo masezerano y'ubugure agumana agaciro kayo. Ku birebana n’imvugo z’abatangabuhamya, avuga ko batabazwa ngo kuko bari baragaragaye ahandi ku rutonde (liste) y'abantu bitoranyije bakavuga ko uwo murima ari uwa Karumuhinzi Baudoux Claire. [11] Mu rubanza RCAA0007 /16/HC/RWG rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Rwamagana, ku wa 25/10/2016 rwemeje ko : Ikirego cy'ubujurire cyatanzwe na Karumuhinzi Baudoux Claire kidafite ishingiro ; Icyaburanishijwe ari ugusubiza isambu yaguzwe mu buryo budakurikije amategeko hagamijwe gutesha agaciro amasezerano y’ubugure yo ku wa 30/12/2006 ari na cyo cyaciweho urubanza ; Amasezerano y'ubugure bw'umurima uri mu Karere ka Rwamagana, Umurenge wa Musha, Akagari ka Nyabisindu, Intara y'lburasirazuba, wanditse kuri UPI :15/01/09/05/1879 yo ku wa 30/12/2006 yabaye hagati ya Karumuhinzi Laura na Nyirakaziga Kabeja Anne Marie agumanye agaciro kayo ; Icyemezo cy'Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Ngoma mu rubanza RCA0122/015/TG1/NGOMA kigumyeho ; Amafaranga y'amagarama y'urubanza ahwanye n’ibyakozwe muri uru rubanza. [12] Karumuhinzi Baudoux Claire yasabye ko urubanza RCAA0007/16/HC/KIG rusubirwamo ku mpamvu z’akarengane, nyuma yuko Urwego rw’Umuvunyi rukoze raporo, Perezida w’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga, mu cyemezo No 171/CJ/2021 yemeje ko urwo rubanza rusubirwamo ku mpamvu z’akarengane, maze arwohereza mu Bwanditsi bw’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire kugira ngo ruzongere ruburanishwe, ikirego cyandikwa kuri RS/INJUST/RC 00007/2021/CA. Urubanza rwaburanishijwe mu ruhame ku wa 11/10/2023, Karumuhinzi Baudoux Claire ahagarariwe na Me Rudakemwa Jean Félix afatanyije na Me Rukundo Emile, naho Nyirakaziga Kabeja Anne Marie ahagarariwe na Me Nkeza Sempundu Clément hamwe na Me Niyondora Nsengiyumva. [13] Mu myanzuro y’ubujurire no mu miburanire yabo, abahagarariye Karumuhinzi Baudoux Claire bavuga ko Urukiko Rukuru, mu rubanza RCAA0007/16/HC/RWG rwemeje ko amasezerano yabaye hagati ya Karumuhinzi Laura na Nyirakaziga Kabeja Anne Marie agumana agaciro rwirengagije ko

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Karumuhinzi Laura yagurishije umutungo utari uwe, ubuhamya bw’abaturage bemeza ko uwo mutungo ari uwa Karumuhinzi Baudoux Claire n’ibisobanuro yatanze by’uko inyandiko z’ubugure zabuze, no kuba aba Iburayi akaba yaremenye ko uwo mutungo wagurishijwe nyuma y’uko Karumuhinzi Laura apfuye, asaba gutesha agaciro ayo masezerano, agahabwa indishyi z’akababaro, amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka. Nyirakaziga Kabeja Anne Marie yiregura avuga ko ikirego cya Karumuhinzi Baudoux Claire nta shingiro gifite, kuko atabasha kugaragaza akarengane yagiriwe mu rubanza RCAA0007/16/HC/RWG, ko kandi atabasha kugaragaza ko Karumuhinzi Laura yagurishije umutungo utari uwe, nta n’ibimenyetso afite byerekana ko umutungo wagurishijwe ari uwe, ko indishyi z’akababaro asaba zidakwiye gusuzumwa, kuko ataziregeye mu rubanza asubirishamo, ndetse ko n’amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka asaba nta shingiro afite, ko ahubwo ariwe ukwiye guhabwa ayo asaba. [14] Urukiko rushingiye kuri izo mpaka rusanga ibibazo bigomba gusuzumwa ari ibikurikira : Kumenya niba umutungo uburanwa wari uwa Karumuhinzi Baudoux Claire ku buryo amasezerano y’ubugure yawukozweho yateshwa agaciro ; Kumenya niba indishyi z’akababaro Karumuhinzi Baudoux Claire asaba zitasuzumwe mu rubanza asubirishamo zasuzumwa kuri uru rwego n’ishingiro ryazo ; Kumenya niba amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka asabwa muri uru rubanza afite ishingiro. II. ISESENGURA RY’ IBIBAZO BIGIZE URUBANZA 1.Kumenya niba umutungo uburanwa wari uwa KARUMUHINZI Baudoux Claire ku buryo amasezerano y’ubugure yawukozweho yateshwa agaciro [15] Abahagarariye Karumuhinzi Baudoux Claire bavuga ko ubutaka buburanwa bwaguzwe na Karumuhinzi Laurien yamara gupfa bugasigaranwa n’umugore we Karumuhinzi Baudoux Claire, ariko Karumuhinzi Laura akaza kubugurisha Nyirakaziga Kabeja Anne Marie kandi atari ubwe, atabiherewe n’uburenganzira (procuration), ko kuba uwo mutungo wari uwa Karumuhinzi Baudoux Claire bigaragazwa n’inyandiko y’ubuyobozi bw’Umudugudu, ubuhamya bw’abantu 15, no kuba ingingo ya 3 y’amasezerano igaragaza ko Karumuhinzi Laura agomba gushyikiriza Nyirakaziga Kabeja Anne Marie ibyangombwa by’ubwo butaka, kandi ko ibyangombwa byari byanditseho Karumuhinzi Laurien, bityo ko amasezerano yakozwe kuri ubwo butaka akwiye guteshwa agaciro. [16] Basobanura ko mu rubanza RCAA0007/16/HC/RWG, Urukiko Rukuru rwemeje ko amasezerano yabaye hagati ya Karumuhinzi Laura na Nyirakaziga Kabeja Anne Marie agumana agaciro rwirengagije ko Karumuhinzi Laura yagurishije umutungo utari uwe, ubuhamya bw’abaturage bemeza ko uwo mutungo ari uwa Karumuhinzi Baudoux Claire n’ibisobanuro yatanze by’uko inyandiko z’ubugure zabuze. [17] Basobanura kandi ko mu gika cya 17 cy’urubanza RCAA0007/16/HC/RWG rusabirwa gusubirishwamo ku mpamvu z’akarengane, Urukiko Rukuru rwavuze ko rusanga kuba Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Ngoma rutarahaye agaciro imvugo y’abatangabuhamya, bitavuze gutandukira, kuko Urukiko ari rwo rwonyine rupima niba imikirize y’abatangabuhamya ihuye n’ikiburanwa, nta

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kimenyetso rushingiyeho, rwirengagije ko nta nenge zagaragajwe n’ababuranyi ku birebana n’abatangabuhamya, kuko bari baturiye ubwo butaka buburanwa ku buryo bari bazi neza bene bwo n’inkomoko yabwo. Ko mu gika cya 20 cy’urwo rubanza Urukiko Rukuru rwavuze ko rusanga nta bimenyetso Karumuhinzi Baudoux Claire yarugaragarije, maze rugumishaho amasezerano yasabirwaga guteshwa agaciro, kandi yararugaragarije ibimenyetso bigizwe n’ibyemezo by’inzego z’ibanze ndetse n’ubuhamya bw’abatangabuhamya cumi na batanu (15), byemezaga ko ubutaka buburanwa bwaguzwe na Karumuhinzi Laurien yamara gupfa bugasigaranwa n’umugore we Karumuhinzi Baudoux Claire. [18] Bavuga kandi ko kuba umukobwa wabo Karumuhinzi Laura yaragurishije ubutaka bw’ababyeyi ntawamuhaye ububasha (procuration), amasezerano y’ubwo bugure akwiye guteshwa agaciro kuko yagurishije ikintu cy’undi. Basaba Urukiko rw’Ubujurire gukosora ayo makosa, maze rugategeka ko amasezerano yo ku wa 30/12/2006 ateshejwe agaciro kuko Nyirakaziga Kabeja Anne Marie atagaragaza ko ubwo butaka bwari ubwa Karumuhinzi Laura. [19] Abahagarariye Nyirakaziga Kabeja Anne Marie biregura bavuga ko Karumuhinzi Baudoux Claire atabasha kugaragaza ibimenyetso byerekana ko umutungo wagurishijwe ari uwe, akaba atabasha no kugaragaza ko Karumuhinzi Laura yagurishije umutungo utari uwe. Bavuga kandi ko mu gika cya 17 cy’urubanza RCAA0007/16/HC/RWG rusubirishwamo ku mpamvu z’akarengane, Urukiko rwemeje ko kuba Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Ngoma rutarahaye agaciro imvugo z’abatangabuhamya bidakwiye gufatwa nko gutandukira, rushingiye ku ngingo ya 65 y’Itegeko N° 15/2004 ryo ku wa 12/06/2004 ryerekeye ibimenyetso mu manza n’itangwa ryabyo, igira iti: "Urukiko ari rwo rwonyine rupima ko imikirize y’abatangabuhamya ihuye n’ikiburanwa, ifite ingingo zikiranuye kandi ikaba ikwiye kwemerwa cyangwa guhakanwa. Ntirwitsitsa ku mubare w’abatangabuhamya. Rwita cyane cyane ku bumenyi bwabo bw’ibyabaye, no ku buryo babivuga uko byagenze nta cyo bihimbira", ko ariko Karumuhinzi Baudoux Claire atabasha kuvuguruza iryo sesengura (motivation) ryakozwe n’Urukiko. [20] Bakomeza bavuga ko ku birebana n’ibyo Karumuhinzi Baudoux Claire avuga ko mu isesengura Urukiko Rukuru rwakoze mu gika cya 20 cy’urubanza RCAA0007/16/HC/RWG rusubirishwamo ku mpamvu z’akarengane rwirengagije ibimenyetso, basanga nta gaciro byahabwa kuko atagaragaza ibyo bimenyetso ibyo ari byo, ngo anasobanure uburyo byari gutuma urubanza rucibwa mu buryo butandakanye n’uko rwaciwe; kandi ko ikigaragara ari uko muri cyo gika, Urukiko rwavuze ko nta kimenyetso Karumuhinzi Baudoux Claire yarugaragarije cyemeza ko umutungo uburanwa utari uw’umukobwa we Karumuhinzi Laura wawugurishije Nyirakaziga Kabeja Anne Marie, ndetse ntanashobore kurugaragariza ko uwo mutungo wari uwe, ku buryo rwari kubiheraho rwemeza ko uwo umutungo Nyirakaziga Kabeja Anne Marie yawuguze n’utari nyirawo. [21] Basobanura ko mu rubanza RCA0122/15/TGI/NGOMA Karumuhinzi Baudoux Claire yavuze ko impamvu Urukiko rukwiye kwemeza ko Nyirakaziga Kabeja Anne Marie yaguze umurima n’utari nyirawo kandi abizi neza, ngo ari uko Karumuhinzi Laura nta byangombwa by’umwimerere yari awufitiye, kandi akaba afite nyina n’abavandimwe, hanyuma akaza gutsindwa hashingiwe ku kuba atarabashije kugaragaza ibyangombwa by’umwimerere byariho icyo gihe bigaragaza ko uwo mutungo utari uwa Karumuhinzi Laura, ahubwo wari uwa Karumuhinzi Laurien, ngo bibe byagaragaza ko

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Karumuhinzi Laura yagurishije umutungo utari uwe, nk’uko bigaragara mu gika cya 10 cy’urubanza RCA0122/15/TGI/NGOMA . [22] Basobanura kandi ko ikibazo kirebana n’ibura ry’ibimenyetso cyanashimangiwe n’Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Rwamagana, nk’uko bigaragara mu gika cya 20 cy’urubanza RCAA0007/16/HC/RWG rusubirishwamo ku mpamvu z’akarengane,aho rwasanze n’ubundi Karumuhinzi Baudoux Claire atarabashije gutanga ibimenyetso bivuguruza icyemezo cyafashwe n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Ngoma, mu rubanza RCA0122/15/TGI/NGOMA yajuririraga, maze rushingira ku ngingo ya 12 y’Itegeko N° 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, rukemeza ko atsinzwe no kubura ibimenyetso by’ibyo aregera. Kandi ko kugeza ubu atabasha kugaragaza ibimenyetso by’ibyo aregera. [23] Bakomeza basobanura ko ku birebana n’ibyo urega avuga ko mu rubanza RCAA0007/16/HC/RWG asubirishwamo ku mpamvu z’akarengane, Urukiko rwirengagije imvugo z’abatangabuhamya cumi na batanu (15) ngo babajijwe n’Urukiko, bavuga ko mu gihe nta mutangabuhamya n’umwe wabajijwe muri uru rubanza rusubirishwamo ku mpamvu z’akarengane, bitafatwa nk’inenge irurimo cyangwa impamvu y’akarengane. [24] Bakomeza bavuga ko ku birebana n’inyandiko y’Akagari Karumuhinzi Baudoux Claire avuga ko yirengagijwe, basanga nubwo atari cyo cyaburanwaga, ariko ko nta n’icyo yamara, kuko na Nyirakaziga Kabeja Anne Marie ajya kugura umutungo uburanwa yabikoreye imbere y’Ubuyobozi bw’Inzego z’Ibanze, buhamya ko umutungo ugurishijwe na Karumuhinzi Laura nka nyiri umutungo, ko rero ibyo avuga byose nta na kimwe kivuguruza ibyemejwe mu rubanza RCAA0007/16/HC/RWG yasubirishijemo ku mpamvu z’akarengane, cyane ko muri uru rubanza Karumuhinzi Baudoux Claire yaburanaga avuga ko icyemeza ko Nyirakaziga Kabeja Anne Marie yaguze n’utari nyiri umutungo kandi abizi, ngo ari uko nta byangombwa by’uwo mutungo Karumuhinzi Laura yari afite, kandi ko inkiko zabanje zasanze na we ubwe nta byangombwa yari afite byerekana ko uwo mutungo ari uwe cyangwa ko atari uwa Karumuhinzi Laura. Kandi ko kugeza ubu nta kimenyetso afite kivuguruza iryo sesengura (motivation) ryakozwe n’Urukiko. Bityo ko basaba Urukiko rw’Ubujurire kwemeza ko nta karengane yagiriwe mu rubanza asubirishamo ku mpamvu z’akarengane. [25] Basoza avuga ko nta bubasha Karumuhinzi Baudoux Claire yagira bwo gusaba gutesha agaciro amasezerano atagizemo uruhare, hashingiwe ku murongo watanzwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga mu rubanza RS/INJUST/RC 00003/2022/SC rwaciwe ku wa 05/05/2023, aho Hakizimana Jeana Bosco yaregaga Munyaneza Fabien na Ntakirutinka Béatrice hagobokamo Kabera Fidѐle, maze Urukiko rw’Ikirenga, rukavuga ko ikirego kigamije gutesha agaciro amasezerano y’ubugure gitangwa gusa n’uwaguze, ariko nyiri ikintu cyagurishijwe atabizi, akaba ashobora gutanga ikirego kigamije kugaruza ibye gusa (action en revendication), kandi ko uwo murongo ugaragara mu rubanza RCAA00045/2016/SC rwaciwe ku wa 24/05/2019, Mukaruhanga Alexia yarezemo Nyirahabimana Emertha, hakagobokamo uwitwa Kold Hansen Jesper asaba gutesha agaciro amasezerano y’ubugure bw’inzu umugore we Mukaruhanga Alexia yari yakoze. Ko mu bika bya 25-37 Urukiko rw’Ikirenga rwavuze ko adashobora gusaba gutesha agaciro amasezerano y’ubugure yakozwe n’umugore we, kuko atayagizemo uruhari, ko ahubwo abifitemo inyungu yashoboraga gutanga ikirego cyo kugaruza umutungo, ibi bikaba bihura n’ibyo Karumuhinzi Baudoux Claire asaba, bijyanye no gutesha agaciro

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amasezerano y’ubugure atagizemo uruhare, bityo hakaba hakwiye gukurikizwa iyi mirongo yatanzwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [26] Impaka kuri iyi ngingo zishingiye ku kumenya niba hari ibimenyetso bigaragaza ko umutungo Karumihinzi Laura yagurishije Nyirakaziga Kabeja Anne Marie wari uwa Karumuhinzi Baudoux Claire ku buryo amasezerano y’ubugure yateshwa agaciro. Bivuze ko Urukiko rubanza gusuzuma ikibazo cyo kumenya nyiri umutungo uburanwa, mbere yo gusuzuma ikibazo cyo kumenya niba amasezerano yateshwa agaciro. a. Kumenya niba umutungo uburanwa wari uwa KARUMUHINZI Baudoux Claire [27] Ingingo ya 12, igika cya 1, y’Itegeko No 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi iteganya ibikurikira : “Urega agomba kugaragaza ibimenyetso by’ibyo aregera. Iyo abibuze, uwarezwe aratsinda.” [28] Ingingo ya 2 y’Itegeko N° 15/2004 ryo ku wa 12/06/2004 ryerekeye ibimenyetso mu manza n’itangwa ryabyo iteganya ibikurikira: “Ikimenyetso cyo mu rubanza ni icyo ari cyo cyose kigaragaza ukuri ku byabaye”. Ingingo ya 3, igika cya 1, ikagira iti : “Buri muburanyi agomba kugaragaza ukuri kw’ibyo aburana”. [29] Izi ngingo zisanzwe zikoreshwa mu manza zitandukanye zumvikanisha ko umuburanyi utanze ikirego mu Rukiko aba afite inshingano ikomeye yo kugaragaza ibimenyetso bihamya nta shiti ko ibyo aregera ari ukuri, iyo atabashije kubigaragaza, ikirego cye nta shingiro gihabwa1. Mu yandi magambo, uwatangije urubanza agomba kuba afite ibimenyetso bidashidikanywaho bihamya neza ko ibyo avuga ari ukuri. [30] Ku birebana n’uru rubanza, Karumuhinzi Baudoux Claire uvuga ko umukobwa we Karumuhinzi Laura yagurishije umutungo we kandi akabikorana uburyarya ni we ufite inshingano yo kubitangira ibimenyetso. Icyakora mu rwego rwo gutanga ubutabera bunoze, Urukiko rurasuzuma ibimenyetso byatanzwe na buri ruhande runarebe agaciro kabyo. [31] Nk’uko byagiye bifatwaho umurongo mu manza zaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ndetse n’uru Rukiko, ihame rikomeza kwibutswa no gushimangirwa nuko umuntu atitwa nyir’umutungo utimukanwa hashingiwe gusa ku kuba ari we uwubaruyeho ku byangombwa by’umutungo byabugenewe, ko ahubwo agomba no kubasha gusobanura inkomoko yawo2. 1 Reba urubanza RADAA 00011/2022/CA, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 12/06/2023, hagati ya NZABARIMANA Abdallahaman n’Umujyi wa Kigali. 2 Reba agace ka 20 k’urubanza Nº RCAA 0018/13/CS rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 24/12/2014, haburana HARERIMANA Emmanuel na SEBUKAYIRE Tharcisse. Reba urubanza NO RS/INJUST/RC 00036/2022/CA, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 26/05/2023, haburana UZAMUKUNDA Jeanne na SAWASAWA Jules n’abandi bagobogeshejwe; urubanza Nº RS/INJUST/RC 00003/2023/CA, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 29/06/2023 haburana RWASABAHIZI Peter na RWAMPUNGA Emmanuel igika cya 38.

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[32] Muri urubanza, nta nubwo Karumuhinzi Baudoux Claire agaragagaza ko abaruye ku mutungo uburanwa, ariko igitekerezo cy’ingenzi, Urukiko ruvana mu manza zimaze kuvugwa n’inkomoko y’umutungo Karumuhinzi Baudoux Claire avuga ko ari uwe akaba agomba kuwusubizwa n’uwutunze, bivuze ko ari we ufite umutwaro wo kugaragaza impamvu agomba kuwusubizwa n’uwutunze ubu. [33] Mu bimenyetso Karumuhinzi Baudoux Claire ashingiraho avuga ko umutungo wagurishijwe wari uwe, n’imvugo ye ko iyo sambu ayikomora ku mugabo we Karumuhinzi Laurien, wapfuye, ko kandi hari abatangabuhamya cumi na batanu3 (15) bemeza ko iyo sambu yari yaraguzwe n’umugabo we Karumuhinzi Laurien, nubwo amasezerano y’ubugure hagati y’umugabo we n’uwo baguze yabuze. Ikindi ashingiraho n’ingingo y’amasezerano y’ubugure hagati ya Karumihinzi Laura na Nyirakaziga Kabeja Anne Marie, aho Karuminzi Laura yemeye gushyikiriza uwaguze ibyangombwa by’iyo sambu, ko kandi byari byanditse kuri Karimuhinzi Laurien. Ashingira kandi ku nyandiko y’abayobozi b’Umudugudu wa Bwiza yo ku wa 24/07/2014 yemeza ko umutungo ari uwa Karumuhinzi Laurien, ariko iyo nyandiko ikaba ishingiye ku nyandiko yanditswe n’abagabo 15 yavuzwe haruguru. [34] Dosiye y’urubanza igaragaramo amasezerano y’ubugure bw’umurima hagati ye na Nyirakaziga Kabeja Anne Marie yo ku wa 30/12/2006 yakorewe imbere y’abayobozi b’inzego z’ibanze kugeza k’Umuyobozi w’Umurenge wa Musha, hari n’abahamya bagera kuri batanu (5). Igaragaramo kandi icyemezo cy’umutungo cyashyizweho umukono n’Umunyamabanga Nshingwabikorwa w’Umurenge wa Musha ku wa 05/06/2010, aho avuga ko ashingiye ku cyemezo cyatanzwe n’ubuyobozi bw’inzego z’ibanze, yemeza ko isambu ingana na 6ha15a70 irimo inzu ari iya Nyirakaziga Kabeja Anne Marie. [35] Hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 65 y’Itegeko N° 15/2004 ryo ku wa 12/06/2004 ryibukijwe haruguru ivuga ko Urukiko ari rwo rwonyine rupima ko imikirize y’abatangabuhamya ihuye n’ikiburanwa, ifite ingingo zikiranuye kandi ko ikwiye kwemerwa cyangwa igahakanwa; Urukiko rurasanga, usibye ko Karumuhinzi Baudoux Claire atagaragaza ko abashyize imikono ku nyandiko yo ku wa 04/06/2014 ari abatangabuhamya bavugwa mu ngingo ya 65 y’Itegeko rimaze kubitswa, nta nubwo agaragaza icyo aba bagabo 15 bashingiyeho bemeza ko ubutaka bwari ubwa Karumuhinzi Laurien. [36] Urukiko rurasanga na none, iyi nyandiko yo ku wa 04/06/2014, itagaragaza icyo yashingiyeho ivuguruza icyemezo cy’umutungo cyashyizweho umukono n’Umunyabanga Nshingwabikorwa w’Umurenge wa Musha ku wa 05/06/2010 ashingiye ku byemezo by’inzego z’ibanze, n’amasezerano y’ubugure yo ku wa 30/12/2006 yakorewe imbere y’abayobozi b’inzego z’ibanze kugeza k’Umuyobozi w’Umurenge wa Nyabisindu, hari n’abahamya bagera kuri batanu (5). Urukiko rurasanga na none, Karumuhinzi Baudoux Claire, usibye kuvuga ko umurima wari uw’umugabo we Karumuhinzi Laurien yaguze na Rucagu Samuel, ariko ntabasha kugaragaza ayo masezerano y’ubugure, ahubwo avuga gusa ko yabuze. [37] Hashingiwe, kubimaze kuvugwa no ku manza zaciwe zavuzwe haruguru, Urukiko rurasanga Karumuhinzi Baudoux Claire atabasha kugaragaza inkomoko idashidikanywaho y’umutungo wanditse ku mazina ya Nyirakaziga Kabeja Anne Marie, ufite ibyangombwa bigaragaza ko yawuguze na Karumuhinzi Laura ku mugaragaro hari abayobozi b’inzego z’ibanze kugera k’Ubuyobozi bw’Umurenge wa Musha. 3 Dosiye igaragaramo inyandiko yo ku wa 04/06/2014, iriho urutonde rw’abagabo 15 bemeza ko isambu iri mu Mudugudu wa Bwiza, Akagari ka Nyabisindu, Umurenge wa Musha, Akarere ka Rwamagana ari iya KARUMUHINZI Laurien.

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[38] Ku byo Karumuhinzi Baudoux Claire avuga ko mu ngingo 3 y’amasezerano y’ubugure hagati ya Karumihinzi Laura na Nyirakaziga Kabeja Anne Marie, Karuminzi Laura yemeye gushyikiriza uwaguze ibyangombwa by’iyo sambu, kandi ko byari byanditse kuri Karumuhinzi Laurien bikaba byerekana ko umutungo ari uwa Karumuhinzi Baudoux Claire, Urukiko rurasanga ntacyo byamumarira, mu gihe atabasha kugaragaza ibyo byangombwa avuga ko byari byanditse kuri Karumuhinzi Laurien. Uretse n’ibyo nta nubwo akwiye gushingira ku ngingo iri mu masezerano atabayemo, ahubwo uwagombaga gukurikirana kubahirizwa kwayo ni Nyirakaziga Kabeja Anne Marie kandi nk’uko byagaragajwe haruguru, umutungo yaguze yawuherewe ibyangombwa kandi kugeza ubu umwanditseho, bivuze ko ibikubiye muri iyo ngingo byubahirijwe. [39] Urukiko rurasanga na none bitumvikana uburyo umutungo wa Karumuhinzi Baudoux Claire waba waragurishijwe mu mwaka wa 2006, Nyirakaziga Anne Marie akawumarana imyaka icyenda (9) nta muntu numwe uramubuza kugira icyo awukoraho kugeza awiyandikishijeho mu gihe cyo kwandikisha ubutaka, ntihagire n’utambamira kuwiyandikishaho, cyangwa ngo abagabo 15 basinye ku nyandiko bavuga ko umutungo wari uwa Karumuhinzi Laurien ngo babe baramenyesheje Karumuhinzi Baudoux Claire ko uwo mutungo urimo undi muntu, ahubwo akawukurikirana ari uko amaze kubona umukobwa we Karumuhinzi Laura wawugurishije amaze gupfa, bitagishoboka ko agobokeshwa ku gahato kugira ngo agire ibyo asobanura ku masezerano y’ubugure bw’uwo mutungo. Bityo ibi nabyo bishimangira ko ibivugwa na Karumuhinzi Baudoux Claire ko umutungo wagurishijwe ari uwe atari ukuri. [40] Hashingiwe ku bisobanuro bimaze gutangwa, Urukiko rurasanga nta karengane kari mu rubanza RCAA0007/16/HC/RWG rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Rwamagana ku wa 25/10/2016 rusubirishwamo ku mpamvu z’akarengane ; bityo rukaba rugumyeho. b. Ku menya niba amasezerano y’ubugure hagati Karumuhinzi Laura na Nyirakaziga Kabeja Anne Marie yateshwa agaciro. [41] Urukiko rurasanga kuba bigaragaye ko umutungo uburanwa atari uwa Karumuhinzi Baudoux Claire, bitakiri ngombwa gusuzuma iyi ngingo. Urukiko ruributsa ko iki kibazo cyasubijwe mu manza zitandukanye zaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ndetse n’uru Rukiko, aho zemeje ko ikirego kigamije gutesha agaciro amasezerano y’ubugure gitangwa gusa n’uwaguze, ariko nyiri ikintu cyagurishijwe atabizi, ko ashobora gutanga ikirego kigamije kugaruza ibye gusa (action en revendication)4. 2.Kumenya niba indishyi z’akababaro Karumuhinzi Baudoux Claire asaba zitasuzumwe mu rubanza asubirishamo zasuzumwa kuri uru rwego n’ishingiro ryazo [42] Abahagarariye Karumuhinzi Baudoux Claire basaba Urukiko rw’Ubujurire gutegeka Nyirakaziga Kabeja Anne Marie guha Karumuhinzi Baudoux Claire amafaranga angana na miliyoni eshanu (5.000.000Frw) y’indishyi z’akababaro kubera guhezwa mu mutungo we igihe kirekire. [43] Abahagarariye Nyirakaziga Kabeja Anne Marie biregura ku ndishyi Karumuhinzi Baudoux Claire asaba bavuga ko Urukiko rudakwiye kuzisuzuma kubera ko azisabye bwa mbere kuri uru 4 Reba urubanza RS/INJUST/RC 00003/2022/SC rwaciwe ku wa 05/05/2023, aho HAKIZIMANA Jean Bosco yaregaga MUNYANEZA Fabien na NTAKIRUTINKA Béatrice hagobokamo KABERA Fidѐle; reba urubanza No RCAA 00045/2016/SC rwaciwe ku wa 24/05/2019, MUKARUHANGA Alexia yarezemo NYIRAHABIMANA Emertha, hakagobokamo uwitwa KOLD HANSEN Jesper.

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rwego, kandi akaba atarigeze aziregera mu rubanza RCAA0007/16/HC/RWG asubirishamo ku mpamvu z’akarengane. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [44] Mu rubanza RS/INJUST/RC00004/2019/SC rwaciwe ku wa 28/07/2020, Urukiko rw’Ikirenga rwatanze umurongo ugira uti: «Ibibazo bitasuzumwe mu rubanza rusabirwa gusubirwamo ku mpamvu z’akarengane ntibishobora gusuzumwa mu rubanza rwasabiwe gusubirishwamo ku mpamvu z’akarengane kuko umuburanyi atavuga ko yagize akarengane ku kibazo atigeze asaba Urukiko gusuzuma»5. Kuba rero ikibazo cy’indishyi z’akababaro Karumuhinzi Baudoux Claire aregera muri uru rubanza atarigeze akiregera mu rubanza asubirishamo ku mpamvu z’akarengane birumvikana ko kitagomba gusuzumwa. 3.Kumenya niba amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka asabwa muri uru rubanza afite ishingiro [45] Abahagarariye Karumuhinzi Baudoux Claire basaba Urukiko rw’Ubujurire gutegeka Nyirakaziga Kabeja Anne Marie guha Karumuhinzi Baudoux Claire amafaranga angana na miliyoni ebyiri (2.000.000Frw) y’igihembo cy’Abavoka, n’amafaranga angana na miliyoni imwe (1.000.000Frw) y’ikurikiranarubanza. Bavuga kandi ko mafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka Nyirakaziga Kabeja Anne Marie asaba nta shingiro afite, kubera ko ari we wakoze amakosa agura n’utari nyiri umutungo. [46] Abahagarariye Nyirakaziga Kabeja Anne Marie bavuga ko amafaranga miliyoni ebyiri (2.000.000Frw) y’igihembo cya Avoka, na miliyoni imwe (1.000.000Frw) y’ikurikiranarubanza Karumuhinzi Baudoux Claire asaba Nyirakaziga Kabeja Anne Marie ntayo akwiye guhabwa, kuko ari we ukomeje kwishora mu manza z’amaherere, azi neza ko nta burenganzira afite ku cyo aregera kuko yananiwe no kugitangira ibimenyetso. [47] Bavuga kandi ko asaba Urukiko rw’Ubujurire gutegeka Karumuhinzi Baudoux Claire guha Nyirakaziga Kabeja Anne Marie amafaranga miliyoni ebyiri (2.000.000Frw) y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka kubera ko akomeje kumushora mu manza z’amaherere yanga kwemera ibyemezo by’inkiko, kandi nta bimenyetso agaragaza byerekana ko umutungo uburanwa ari uwe. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [48] Ingingo ya 111 y’Itegeko N° 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi iteganya ibi bikurikira : “Ikirego cy’amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza ni ikirego gishamikira ku kirego cy’iremezo kigamije kwishyuza ibyakoreshejwe mu rubanza. Ikirego cy’amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza kiburanishirizwa rimwe n’ikirego cy’iremezo. Gishobora kandi kwakirwa kikanaburanishwa n’iyo ikirego cy’iremezo cyaba kitakiriwe”. 5 Reba urubanza RS/INJUST/RC00004/2019/SC rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 28/07/2020, Havugimana Emmanuel, Mukamana Mamique na Umuhoza Aisha baburana na Candali Vérène n’abandi barugobotsemo.

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[49] Urukiko rurasanga amafaranga y’igihembo cya Avoka n’ay’ikurikiranarubanza Nyirakaziga Kabeja Anne Marie asaba agomba kuyahabwa kubera ko byagaragaye ko nta karengane kari mu rubanza rwasabiwe gusubirwamo ku mpamvu z’akarengane, kandi bikaba bigaragara ko kubera uru rubanza byabaye ngombwa ko ashaka ba Avoka bamuhagararira. Urukiko rurasanga ariko ayo asaba ari menshi kandi nta n’ibisobanuro ayatangira, bityo mu bushishozi bwarwo rukaba rumugeneye 500.000Frw y’igihembo cya Avoka na 200.000Frw y’ikurikiranarubanza, kuri uru rwego. Rurasanga amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka Karumuhinzi Baudoux Claire asaba nta shingiro afite kuko ikirego cye nta shingiro gifite. III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO [50] Rwemeje ko ikirego cya Karumuhinzi Baudoux Claire gisaba gusubirishamo ku mpamvu z’akarengane urubanza RCAA0007 /16/HC/RWG rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Rwamagana, ku wa 25/10/2016, nta shingiro gifite. [51] Rwemeje ko urubanza RCAA0007 /16/HC/RWG rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Rwamagana, ku wa 25/10/2016, rugumyeho. [52] Rutegetse Karumuhinzi Baudoux Claire guha Nyirakaziga Kabeja Anne Marie ibihumbi magana atanu (500.000Frw) y’igihembo cya Avoka n’ibihumbi magana abiri (200.000Frw) y’ikurikiranarubanza.