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Criminal Law [2022] ZAGPPHC 29

Mudau v Minister of Police (21903/2018)

Mudau v Minister of Police (21903/2018) [2022] ZAGPPHC 29 (27 January 2022)

The court held that police had reasonable suspicion to arrest Mudau without a warrant for alleged conspiracy to commit murder, so the claim failed.

  • Unlawful Arrest
  • Detention
  • Conspiracy To Commit Murder
  • Reasonable Suspicion
  • Section 40 Criminal Procedure Act
  • Unlawful-arrest
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Criminal Law [2021] ZAWCHC 237

S v Mbangula and Others (CC23/2019)

S v Mbangula and Others (CC23/2019) [2021] ZAWCHC 237 (18 November 2021)

The court found that the prosecution failed to present sufficient evidence to link any of the accused to the charges of conspiracy to commit murder, attempted murder, murder, or possession of unlicensed firearms and ammunition. The identification evidence was unreliable, as the complainant was mistaken in identifying one of the alleged assailants, who was incarcerated at the time of the incident. The complainant's identification of accused number 2 and accused number 4 was not credible due to the brief and traumatic nature of the encounter and lack of prior acquaintance. No evidence establish…

  • Conspiracy To Commit Murder
  • Attempted Murder
  • Murder
  • Possession Of Unlicensed Firearm
  • Identification Evidence
  • Common Purpose
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Criminal Law [2019] ZAWCHC 182

S v Makhala and Others (SS06/2019)

S v Makhala and Others (SS06/2019) [2019] ZAWCHC 182 (11 December 2019)

The court found that the statements made by Luzuko Makhala to the police were admissible as hearsay evidence under Section 3(1)(c) of the Law of Evidence Amendment Act, as they were made freely and voluntarily, corroborated by objective and circumstantial evidence, and their admission was in the interests of justice. The court rejected the accused's version as improbable and unconvincing, noting inconsistencies and suspicious conduct, including attempts to mislead police and evade arrest. The identification of accused 3 by the deceased's family, corroborated by cell phone and circumstantial e…

  • Murder
  • Conspiracy To Commit Murder
  • Joint Possession Of Firearm
  • Admissibility Of Hearsay
  • Section 204 Witness
  • Common Purpose
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Criminal Law [2019] ZAGPJHC 3

S v Sibisi and Another (CC66/2017)

S v Sibisi and Another (CC66/2017) [2019] ZAGPJHC 3 (25 January 2019)

The court convicted both accused of conspiracy to commit murder, but acquitted them of murder and reckless driving after rejecting common-purpose liability.

  • Conspiracy To Commit Murder
  • Admissibility Of Confession
  • Circumstantial Evidence
  • Common Purpose
  • Riotous Assemblies Act
  • Criminal Procedure Act
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Criminal Law [2018] ZAFSHC 140

Mokgothu and Another v The State (A20/2018)

Mokgothu and Another v The State (A20/2018) [2018] ZAFSHC 140 (27 September 2018)

The court found that the evidence against both appellants was overwhelming and corroborated by multiple sources, including the testimony of accomplices, cellular data analysis, and payments made to the assassin. The trial court correctly applied the cautionary rules to the evidence of single and accomplice witnesses, and the contradictions in the accomplice evidence were not material enough to undermine its reliability. The failure to call certain witnesses did not prejudice the appellants, as the defence was free to call them but chose not to. The court rejected the argument that the appella…

  • Murder
  • Accomplice Liability
  • Cautionary Rule
  • Cellular Evidence
  • Conspiracy To Commit Murder
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Criminal Law [2017] ZAFSHC 161

S v Frederiksen (33/2016)

S v Frederiksen (33/2016) [2017] ZAFSHC 161; 2018 (1) SACR 29 (FB) (14 September 2017)

The court found that sections 55 and 58 of the National Health Act do not create criminal offences, as the Act does not prescribe penalties for their contravention. The principle of legality, enshrined in the Constitution, prohibits conviction for conduct not criminalised at the time of commission. The repealed Human Tissue Act did create offences, but the current Health Act does not. Therefore, the accused must be discharged on counts 8 to 27. Regarding count 54, the court held that conspiracy is a distinct crime under South African law if the agreement is entered into within South Africa, e…

  • Principle Of Legality
  • Criminal Offences Under Health Act
  • Conspiracy To Commit Murder
  • Witness Influence
  • Section 174 Discharge
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Criminal Law [2017] ZAGPJHC 152

Ngobese v S (SS030/2015)

Ngobese v S (SS030/2015) [2017] ZAGPJHC 152 (14 June 2017)

The court found that it had properly applied the principles governing the evaluation of a single witness's evidence and that the witness's testimony was credible and satisfactory in all material respects. The court held that there were no reasonable prospects of another court arriving at a different conclusion regarding either the conviction or the sentence. The sentence imposed was deemed appropriate given the seriousness of the offence, specifically the conspiracy to murder a police officer in the execution of his duties, and in line with legislative requirements for minimum sentencing. Con…

  • Conspiracy To Commit Murder
  • Evaluation Of Single Witness
  • Minimum Sentencing
  • Riotous Assemblies Act
  • Criminal Procedure
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Criminal Law [2017] ZAGPPHC 64

Babuli and Others v National Director of Public Prosecution and Another (CC32/14)

Babuli and Others v National Director of Public Prosecution and Another (CC32/14) [2017] ZAGPPHC 64 (24 February 2017)

The appeal court found that the trial court erred in relying on extra-curial statements made by accused 1 and 7 to convict the appellants, as such statements are inadmissible against co-accused. The evidence of the single witnesses, Mr Mpandana and Ms Tlako, was found to be unreliable, contradictory, and lacking corroboration. The court held that the State failed to prove beyond reasonable doubt that the appellants conspired to commit murder or acted with a common purpose. The admissible evidence did not establish a definite agreement to kill the deceased, nor did it prove the appellants' inv…

  • Admissibility Of Evidence
  • Extra Curial Statements
  • Single Witness Rule
  • Common Purpose
  • Conspiracy To Commit Murder
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Criminal Law [2017] ZAWCHC 2

Smith v S (A273/16)

Smith v S (A273/16) [2017] ZAWCHC 2; 2017 (1) SACR 520 (WCC) (26 January 2017)

The High Court upheld Grant Matthew Smith’s conviction for conspiracy to murder but reduced his sentence from nine years to seven years.

  • Conspiracy To Commit Murder
  • Accomplice Evidence
  • Sentencing Principles
  • Cautionary Rules
  • Circumstantial Evidence
  • Conspiracy-to-murder
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Criminal Law [2016] ZAECPEHC 61

S v Booi and Others (CC6/2016)

S v Booi and Others (CC6/2016) [2016] ZAECPEHC 61 (22 September 2016)

The court found that the State's case, though based on circumstantial evidence and electronic data, was cogent and reliable. The cell phone records, corroborated by admissions and witness testimony, established communication and coordination between the accused, particularly on the day of the murder. The evidence proved that accused no. 2, while incarcerated, orchestrated the murder through telephonic contact with his co-accused and his girlfriend, Mange. The movements of accused no. 3 and 4, as shown by cell tower data, placed them at the scene at the relevant time. The court rejected the ac…

  • Murder
  • Conspiracy To Commit Murder
  • Robbery With Aggravating Circumstances
  • Unlawful Possession Of Firearm
  • Unlawful Possession Of Ammunition
  • Admissibility Of Electronic Evidence
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South Africa decisions are organised by court, judge, legal area and indexed issue so a practitioner can move from a proposition to a citable authority with the surrounding context intact.