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Criminal law

United States v. Eduardo Rafael Lopez-Escarrega

The Sixth Circuit affirmed Lopez-Escarrega’s conviction and 48-month sentence for illegal reentry, rejecting his duress, Speedy Trial Act, and sentencing challenges.

  • Illegal reentry
  • Duress defense
  • Speedy trial act
  • Substantive reasonableness of sentence
  • 6th circuit appellate review
  • Illegal-reentry
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Criminal law

United States of America v. Edgar Cruz-Jimenez

The magistrate judge recommended accepting Edgar Cruz-Jimenez’s guilty plea to illegal reentry after removal and continuing detention pending the district judge’s ruling.

  • Guilty plea
  • Rule 11 colloquy
  • Illegal reentry after removal
  • Detention pending judgment
  • Guilty-plea
  • Rule-11-colloquy
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Criminal law Rico v. United States

Rico v. United States

The Court held that the Sentencing Reform Act does not automatically extend supervised release when a defendant absconds; statutory limits and procedures control.

  • Abscondment
  • Tolling
  • Revocation of supervised release
  • 18 u.s.c. §3583
  • 18 u.s.c. §3624(e)
  • Supervised-release
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Constitutional law Ellingburg v. United States

Ellingburg v. United States

The Supreme Court held that MVRA restitution is criminal punishment for Ex Post Facto purposes, reversing the Eighth Circuit and remanding.

  • Ex post facto clause
  • Mandatory victims restitution act (mvra)
  • Restitution as punishment
  • Retroactivity
  • Ex-post-facto-clause
  • Mandatory-victims-restitution-act
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Criminal law 606 U.S. 419

Hewitt v. United States

The Court held that First Step Act § 403(b) applies at post-Act resentencing when a pre-Act § 924(c) sentence was vacated, reversing the Fifth Circuit.

  • First step act §403(b)
  • 18 u.s.c. §924(c)
  • Retroactivity
  • Sentence vacatur
  • Mandatory minimums
  • Stacking
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Criminal law 606 U.S. 185; 145 S. Ct. 2031

Esteras v. United States

The Supreme Court held that district courts may not consider 18 U.S.C. §3553(a)(2)(A) when revoking supervised release under §3583(e).

  • Supervised release
  • 18 u.s.c. §3583
  • 18 u.s.c. §3553(a)(2)(a)
  • Retribution
  • Expressio unius est exclusio alterius
  • Plain-error review
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Federal criminal law 604 U.S. 423

Delligatti v. United States

The Court held that intentionally causing injury or death, including by omission, can satisfy § 924(c)(3)(A)’s force element, and affirmed Delligatti’s conviction.

  • §924(c) elements clause
  • Crime of violence
  • Omission liability
  • Categorical approach
  • Vicar (18 u.s.c. §1959)
  • Section-924c
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Constitutional law 602 U.S. 821

Erlinger v. United States

The Court held that a jury must decide beyond a reasonable doubt whether ACCA predicate offenses were committed on different occasions.

  • Sixth amendment jury trial
  • Fifth amendment due process
  • Armed career criminal act (acca)
  • Apprendi doctrine
  • Almendarez-torres exception
  • Acca occasions inquiry
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Criminal law 602 U.S. 101

Brown v. United States Revisions: 5/28/24

The Supreme Court held that a state drug conviction can qualify as an ACCA predicate if the drug matched the federal schedules when the state offense was committed.

  • Acca enhancement
  • Categorical approach to predicate offenses
  • Temporal application of statutory cross-references
  • Reference canon
  • Rule of lenity
  • Acca
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Criminal law 601 U.S. 124

Pulsifer v. United States

The Supreme Court held that §3553(f)(1) creates a checklist: a defendant must lack each listed criminal-history feature to qualify for safety-valve relief.

  • Safety valve
  • Mandatory minimums
  • 18 u.s.c. §3553(f)(1)
  • Sentencing guidelines
  • Rule of lenity
  • Surplusage canon
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