6 Mar 2025
Given the volume and pattern of transactions, the cross‑border recruitment and facilitation, and the public harm from widespread fraud and money‑laundering, the appropriate starting point is 42 months' imprisonment; guilty plea warranted a one‑third reduction to 28 months; prosecution's s27(2) uplift of 25% was appropriate and increases the sentence to 35 months. Two counts to run concurrently.
16 Jun 2017
Conviction could not stand because the prosecution and trial judge failed to identify and establish the legal basis upon which the applicant was made responsible for another's dealing with the proceeds (i.e. the terms and scope of any joint criminal enterprise), and the judge misapplied and did not sufficiently articulate the correct mens rea analysis; the deficiencies rendered the conviction unsafe and justified allowing the appeal and granting extension of time.
14 Dec 2009
The District Court sentences were unduly lenient; the appropriate starting point for each charge is nine years imprisonment, a discount of up to one-third is appropriate for the guilty pleas but not greater, and after allowing six months for the review process the substituted concurrent sentences are five years six months imprisonment overall.
20 Aug 2007
The Court held that under s.25(1) the phrase 'having reasonable grounds to believe' comprises objective grounds sufficient to lead a reasonable person to believe and a subjective element that those grounds were known to the defendant; it does not require proof that the defendant actually held the belief. Applying that construction, the evidence permitted the necessary inferences to uphold D1's convictions and D2's convictions on Charges 1 and 2. However, D2's acts in relation to Charge 4 were only preparatory and did not constitute an attempt, so that conviction was quashed and the related se…