UBUSHINJACYAHA v. HAKIZIYAREMYE
- Citation
- RPAA 00443/2023/CA
- Status
- Criminal
- Jurisdiction
- Rwanda
- Court
- Court of Appeal
- Decision
- 29 April 2025
- Posture
- Criminal Appeal / Court of Appeal Judgment
- Case number
- RPAA 00443/2023/CA
- Language
- Kinyarwanda
More details
- Court
- Court of Appeal
- Decision
- 29 April 2025
- Posture
- Criminal Appeal / Court of Appeal Judgment
- Case number
- RPAA 00443/2023/CA
- Language
- Kinyarwanda
On this page
Professional case brief
Research organized from the available case record
01
Holding and result
The Court found that the conduct of the victim (dancing with the accused's companion) did not amount to serious provocation justifying the assault. The medical evidence did not show permanent incapacity, so the offence was reclassified as intentional assault causing pain but not permanent incapacity. The new, more lenient law applied, reducing the sentence to one year imprisonment and a fine of 300,000 FRW. Immediate release was ordered as the time served exceeded the new sentence.
Court disposition
Appeal partially allowed; conviction and sentence modified.
Orders
- Conviction reclassified as intentional assault causing pain (Article 121, Law No 68/2018 as amended by Article 11, Law No 059/2023).
- Sentence reduced to one year imprisonment and a fine of 300,000 FRW.
- Immediate release of Hakiziyaremye Moise as time served exceeds new sentence.
- Waiver of court costs due to pretrial detention.
02
Material facts
Parties
Ubushinjacyaha
Prosecution Counsel: Butera OscarHakiziyaremye Moise
Appellant/accused Counsel: Me Musasangohe IlluminéeAmounts and remedies
- Initial Imprisonment Sentence (years): 15
- Initial Fine (frw): RWF 5,000,000
- Final Imprisonment Sentence (years): 1
- Final Fine (frw): RWF 300,000
03
Procedural history
Posture
Criminal Appeal / Court of Appeal Judgment
04
Questions and positions
Legal issues
- 01
Whether Hakiziyaremye Moise committed the offence under provocation (ubusembure)
- 02
Whether the conviction and sentence matched the actual conduct and evidence
Party arguments
- Applicant
- Hakiziyaremye Moise argued that he acted under provocation by the victim, Kimasa Robert, who danced with a woman he had brought to the bar, and that the sentence imposed did not correspond to the actual injury caused, as the medical report did not show permanent incapacity. He requested a reduction of sentence and immediate release.
- Respondent
- The prosecution argued that there was no sufficient provocation to justify the offence, that the injury was severe, and that the sentence should be based on the law as amended, but agreed that the sentence could be reduced under the new law.
05
Court’s reasoning
Legal principles
- 01
RPAA038/15/CS; RPAA 00610/2022/CA; RPAA 00462/2023/CA
Provocation (ubusembure) as a mitigating factor requires proof of a serious, unjust act by the victim causing immediate loss of self-control by the accused.
- 02
RS/INJUST/Pen 00004/2017/CS; RPAA 00086/2023/CA; RPAA 00074/2024/CA
A judge has the right and duty to change the legal characterization of the offence if the facts do not match the previous legal qualification.
- 03
Article 6, Law No 68/2018; Article 11, Law No 059/2023
The most lenient law applies if a new law is enacted before the final judgment.
06
Ratio, limits and disposition
Ratio decidendi
The Court found that the conduct of the victim (dancing with the accused's companion) did not amount to serious provocation justifying the assault. The medical evidence did not show permanent incapacity, so the offence was reclassified as intentional assault causing pain but not permanent incapacity. The new, more lenient law applied, reducing the sentence to one year imprisonment and a fine of 300,000 FRW. Immediate release was ordered as the time served exceeded the new sentence.
Obiter and limits
- Being a first-time offender is not sufficient for further sentence reduction when the manner of injury is serious.
- The judge is not bound by the legal characterization given by lower courts but must match the facts to the correct legal provision.
Court disposition
Appeal partially allowed; conviction and sentence modified.
- Conviction reclassified as intentional assault causing pain (Article 121, Law No 68/2018 as amended by Article 11, Law No 059/2023).
- Sentence reduced to one year imprisonment and a fine of 300,000 FRW.
- Immediate release of Hakiziyaremye Moise as time served exceeds new sentence.
- Waiver of court costs due to pretrial detention.
Source and reliance status
Court of Appeal · 29 April 2025
This page organises the available record for research. Confirm quotations, current status, and subsequent treatment against the official source before relying on the case.
Judgment reading view
Judgment text
The complete available source text.
Court of Appeal
Criminal· 29 April 2025
UBUSHINJACYAHA v. HAKIZIYAREMYE
- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2025-04-29 - Case/document no.: RPAA 00443/2023/CA - Collection: Court of Appeal
Text
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UBUSHINJACYAHA v. HAKIZIYAREMYE [Rwanda URUKIKO RW’UBUJURIRE – RPAA 00443/2023/CA (Rutazana, P.J.) 29 Mata 2025] Amategeko agenga imanza z’inshinjabyaha – Ubusembure – Habaho ubusembure igihe hari ibikorwa ukurikiranyweho icyaha yakorewe n’uwakorewe icyaha (victime), bituma ako kanya amukorera icyaha aregwa kandi ibyo bikorwa bikaba bimubabaza, bikomeye kandi bimurenganya. Amategeko agenga imanza z’inshinjabyaha – Guhindura inyito y’icyaha –Guhindura inyito y’icyaha ni uburenganzira n’inshingano umucamanza afite mu gihe cyose asanga ibikorwa uregwa akurikiranyweho bidahuye n’inyito byahawe n’inkiko zabanje, hakurikijwe ihame ry’uko umucamanza aregerwa ibikorwa bigize icyaha ataregerwa inyito yacyo. Incamake y’ikibazo: Hakiziyaremye Moise yakurikiranyweho n’Ubushinjacyaha icyaha cyo gukubita no gukomeretsa ku bushake uwitwa Kimasa Robert nyuma yuko abo bombi bashwaniye mu kabari. Nyuma y’iperereza, Ubushinjacyaha bwareze Hakiziyaremye mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Gasabo busaba ko ahamwa n’icyaha, agahanishwa igifungo cy’imyaka cumi n’itanu (15) n’ihazabu ingana na 5.000.000 FRW. Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Gasabo rwaciye urubanza rwemeza ko Hakiziyaremye ahamwa n’icyaha ashinjwa, rumuhanisha igifungo cy’imyaka15 n’ihazabu ingana na 5.000.000 FRW. Hakiziyaremye yajuririye mu Rukiko Rukuru avuga ko atari we nyirabayazana w’ibyabaye, ko ahubwo yemera icyaha ariko ko yagikoze yitabara, asaba
kugabanyirizwa igihano ku mpamvu avuga yuko yamaze kugororoka. Urukiko Rukuru rwaciye urubanza rwemeza ko ubujurire bwe nta shingiro bufite. Hakiziyaremye yajuririye mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire, avuga yahanishijwe ibihano bitajyanye n’icyaha yakoze, ko kandi Urukiko Rukuru rutitaye kukureba ko yakoze icyaha biturutse ku busembure yakorewe na Kimasa wamwambuye umukobwa yari yizaniye, akamubyinisha. Ku rundi ruhande Ubushinjacyaha buvuga ko ubujurire bwa Hakiziyaremye butahabwa ishingiro kuko yakomerekeje Kimasa kandi akaba nta kintu yarashoboye kwikorera muri icyo gihe, ko kandi akora icyaha hatabayeho ubusembure. Busaba ko yagabanyirizwa igihano hashingiwe ku itegeko Nº 059/2023 ryo kuwa 04/12/2023 rihindura Itegeko Nº 68/2018 ryo kuwa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange. Incamake y’icyemezo: 1. Ubusembure bwumvikana nk’impamvu ngabanyagihano igizwe no kuba uwakoze icyaha yarabitewe n’uko yari yabanje gukorerwa igikorwa kimubabaza gikomeye kandi kimurenganya.
2. Guhindura inyito y’icyaha ni uburenganzira n’inshingano umucamanza afite mu gihe cyose asanga ibikorwa uregwa akurikiranyweho bidahuye n’inyito byahawe n’inkiko zabanje, hakurikijwe ihame ry’uko umucamanza aregerwa ibikorwa bigize icyaha ataregerwa inyito yacyo. Ubujurire bufite ishingiro kuri bimwe.
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Urubanza rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru ruhindutse ku bijyanyen’inyito y’icyaha n’igihano. Amategeko yashingiweho: Itegeko N° 68/2018 ryo kuwa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange, Ingingo ya 121. Itegeko No 059 ryo kuwa 04/12/2023 rihindura itegeko N° 68/2018 ryo kuwa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange, Ingingo ya 11. Imanza zifashishijwe: RPAA038/15/CS; Ubushinjacyaha vs Sezikeye Emmanuel rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 15/09/2017; RPAA 00610/2022/CA; Ubushinjacyaha vs Nahimana Christophe rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 25/09/2024; RPAA 00462/2023/CA; Ubushinjacyaha vs Nsengimana Jean-Claude rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 15/11/2024; RS/INJUST/Pen 00004/2017/CS; Ubushinjacyaha vs Mukaruyange Athanasie rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 23/02/2018; RPAA 00086/2023/CA; Ubushinjacyaha vs Uwizeyimana Jean Marie Vianney rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 19/12/2024; RPAA 00074/2024/CA; Ubushinjacyaha vs Mutaganda Théogène rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 20/12/2024. Urubanza I. IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA [1] Ku wa 13/01/2020 mu Mudugudu wa Masango, Akagari ka Kabuga ya I, Umurenge wa Rusororo, Akarere ka Gasabo mu Mujyi wa Kigali, ahagana mu ma saa kumi zishyira saa kumi n’imwe za mu gitondo Hakiziyaremye Moise n’uwitwa Kimasa Robert bashwaniye mu kabari kitwa Peace Corner, Hakiziyaremye Moise akubita Kimasa Robert igice cy’icupa mu
nda arakomereka, ahita afatwa atangira gukurikiranwa. [2] Nyuma y’iperereza Ubushinjacyaha bushingiye ku mvugo ya Hakiziyaremye Moise mu Bugenzacyaha no mu Bushinjacyaha aho yemeye ko yari mu kabari kavuzwe haruguru, imvugo z’abatangabuhamya bamushinja, amafoto na Raporo ya muganga bigaragaza ko Kimasa Robert yakomerekejwe mu nda, bwareze Hakiziyaremye Moise mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Gasabo bumukurikiranyeho icyaha cyo gukubita cyangwa gukomeretsa ku bushake, busaba ko kimuhama agahanishwa igifungo cy’imyaka cumi n’itanu (15) n’ihazabu ingana na 5.000.000 FRW. Hakiziyaremye Moise yaburanye ahakana icyaha avuga ko abamushinja bose ari akagambane bamukoreye. [3] Mu rubanza RP 00203/2020/TGI/GSBO rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Gasabo ku wa 30/03/2021 rwemeje ko Hakiziyaremye Moise ahamwa n’icyaha ashinjwa, rumuhanisha igifungo cy’imyaka15 n’ihazabu ingana na 5.000.000 FRW. Ibyo Urukiko rwabyemeje rushingiye ku mvugo ya Hakiziyaremye Moise mu Bugenzacyaha no mu Bushinjacyaha ndetse n’imbere
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y’Urukiko aho yemeye ko yageze muri ako kabari Kimasa Robert yakomerekerejwemo n’imvugo z’abatangabuhamya Ahishakiye Claude, Niyonkuru Emmanuel, Nikombabona Issa Mupenzi na Munyaneza Théophile bamushinja ko ari we wamukomerekeje, akaba ntacyo agaragaza apfa n’abo batangabuhamya ku buryo bamubeshyera, n’ibyo avuga ko yashinjwe icyo cyaha ku kagambane akaba nta bimenyetso abigaragariza. [4] Hakiziyaremye Moise yajuriye mu Rukiko Rukuru avuga ko atari we nyirabayazana w’ibyabaye, ageze mu iburanisha avuga ko yemera icyaha ariko ko yagikoze yitabara, asaba kugabanyirizwa igihano kuko yamaze kugororoka. [5] Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha yavuze ko mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye Hakiziyaremye Moise yaburanye ahakana icyaha no mu myanzuro ye y’ubujurire akomeza kugihakana, ndetse no mu iburaanisha akaba atemera icyaha neza, ko rero bigaragaza ko aticuza, bityo akaba adakwiriya kugabanyirizwa igihano. [6] Mu rubanza RPA 00606/2021/HC/KIG rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru ku wa 07/09/2023 rwasanze n’ubwo Hakiziyaremye Moise avuga ko kuri urwo rwego aje kwemera icyaha, adasobanura uko yagikoze kuko n’ubwo avuga ko yitabaraga, bihujwe n’imvugo z’abatangabuhamya bamushinja, bigaragara ko ariwe warwanye akanakomeretsa Kimasa Robert ku buryo bubabaje; rwasanze kandi no mu myanzuro ye y’ubujurire yarakomeje guhakana icyaha, ko n’ubwo mu iburanisha yavuze ko acyemera adasobanura neza icyo yemera icyo
aricyo, byongeye kandi akaba ntacyo agaragaza anenga imikirize y’urubanza rujuririrwa kugira ngo gikosorwe, bityo rwemeza ko ubujurire bwe nta shingiro bufite. [7] Hakiziyaremye Moise yongeye kujurira mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire, urubanza ruhabwa RPAA 00443/2023/CA, ruburanishwa mu ruhame kuwa 08/04/2025 Hakiziyaremye Moise yunganiwe na Me Musasangohe Illuminée, naho Ubushinjacyaha buhagarariwe na Butera Oscar, Umushinjacyaha ku rwego rw’Igihugu. [8] Hakiziyaremye Moise n’umwunganira bavuga ko Urukiko Rukuru rwamuhanishije ibihano bitajyanye n’ibikorwa bigize icyaha yakoze, kuko nta kigaragaza ko Kimasa Robert atashoboye kugira icyo yikorera mu gihe runaka kubera igikomere yatewe na Hakiziyaremye Moise; bavuga kandi ko Urukiko Rukuru rutitaye ku kuba Hakiziyaremye Moise yarakoze icyaha biturutse ku busembure yakorewe na Kimasa Robert wamwambuye umukobwa bari bazanye akamubyinisha, ntirwanaha agaciro impamvu nyoroshyacyaha y’uko ari ubwa mbere akurikiranywe n’inkiko mu buryo buzwi. [9] Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga ko ubujurire bwa Hakiziyaremye Moise nta shingiro bufite kuko yakomerekeje bikomeye Kimasa Robert mu nda bikaba byumvikanisha ko yamaze iminsi nta kindi kintu yikorera, kandi akaba atarasembuwe nk’uko ashaka kubyumvikanisha; ko ariko yagabanyirizwa igihano hashingiwe ku mpinduka zazanywe n’Itegeko Nº 059/2023 ryo kuwa 04/12/2023 rihindura Itegeko Nº 68/2018 ryo kuwa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange. [10] Hakurikijwe impaka zagaragajwe haruguru, Urukiko rurasuzuma ibibazo bikurikira: - Kumenya niba Hakiziyaremye Moise yarakoze icyaha ashinjwa biturutse ku busembure;
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- Kumenya niba Hakiziyaremye Moise yarahaniwe icyaha kidahuye n’ibikorwa bigize icyaha yakoze, n’igihano akwiriye guhanishwa. II. ISESENGURA RY’ IBIBAZO BIGIZE URUBANZA Kumenya niba Hakiziyaremye Moise yarakoze icyaha biturutse ku busembure [11] Hakiziyaremye Moise n’uwunganira bavuga ko yakoze icyaha asembuwe n’imyitwarire y’agasuzuguro ya Kimasa Robert waje akamwambura umukobwa w’inshuti ye bari bazanye mu kabari, akamubyinisha. [12] Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga ko nta busembure bwabayeho kuko na Hakiziyaremye Moise atagaragaza igikorwa kimurenganya yakorewe na Kimasa Robert hashingiwe ku byasobanuwe mu rubanza RPA0154/13/CS rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 08/12/2017 haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Habyarimana Festus (igika cya 51); ko kandi n’iyo byaba byarabayeho koko Kimasa Robert akabyinisha uwo mukobwa ntacyo byari kwangiriza Hakiziyaremye Moise ku buryo byaba impamvu ituma amukomeretsa ku buryo bubabaje.
UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [13] Impaka kuri iyi ngingo zishingiye ku kumenya niba Hakiziyaremye Moise yarakoze icyaha yarakomerekeje Kimasa Robert biturutse ku busembure. [14] Ikibazo cyo kumenya igihe imyitwarire y’uwakorewe icyaha ifatwa nk’ubusembure no kumenya ufite inshingano zo kubugaragaza cyatanzweho umurongo n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga mu rubanza RPAA038/15/CS rwaciwe ku wa 15/09/2017 haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Sezikeye Emmanuel (igika cya 21), uwo murongo ukaba waranakomeje gukurikizwa mu zindi manza zaciwe n’uru Rukiko rw’Ubujurire, harimo nk’urubanza RPAA 00610/2022/CA rwaciwe ku wa 25/09/2024 haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Nahimana Christophe (igika cya 17) n’urubanza RPAA 00462/2023/CA rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 15/11/2024 haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Nsengimana Jean-Claude (igika cya 16-17). Izo manza zihuriye ku murongo ukurikira: “Ubusembure bwumvikana nk’impamvu ngabanyagihano igizwe no kuba uwakoze icyaha yarabitewe n’uko yari yabanje gukorerwa igikorwa kimubabaza gikomeye kandi kimurenganya. Habaho ubusembure igihe hari ibikorwa ukurikiranyweho icyaha yakorewe n’uwakorewe icyaha (victime), bituma ako kanya amukorera icyaha aregwa. Ni ishingano y’uregwa uburanisha ubusembure kubuzamura no ku butangira ibimenyetso, umucamanza akaba afite ishingano yo kubusuzuma mu gihe abisabwa n’uregwa mu buryo bweruye kandi bwumvikana.” [15] Ku birebana n’uru rubanza, icyumvikana
nk’imyitwarire Hakiziyaremye Moise avuga ko Kimasa Robert yagize igatuma amukomeretsa ni uko avuga ko yamusuzuguye akamwambura umukobwa w’inshuti ye bari bazanye mu kabari akamubyinisha. [16] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rushingiye ku murongo wavuzwe haruguru watanzwe mu manza zinyuranye zaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku bijyanye n’imyitwarire ifatwa nk’ubusembure, rurasanga kuba Kimasa Robert yari kubyinisha umukobwa wari wazanye na Hakiziyaremye Moise ubwabyo bitagize igikorwa kibabaza, gikomeye kandi kimurenganya ku
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buryo cyamuteye ububabare bukomeye bugatuma adashobora gutekereza ku byo agiye gukora, ku buryo byasobanura ko icyo yagombaga guhita akora muri ako kanya ari ugukubita Kimasa Robert igice cy’icupa mu nda akamukomeretsa. [17] Hashingiwe kuri byo bisobanuro, impamvu y’ubujurire ya Hakiziyaremye Moise ijyanye n’uko yakoze icyaha kubera ubusembure ikaba nta shingiro ifite.
Kumenya niba Hakiziyaremye Moise yarahaniwe icyaha kidahuye n’ibikorwa bigize icyaha yakoze [18] Hakiziyaremye Moise n’umwunganira bavuga ko mu rubanza rujuririrwa yahanishijwe igihano kidahuye n’ibikorwa bigize icyaha yakoze, kuko Raporo ya muganga yakozwe n’ibitaro bya Gisilikali bya Kanombe iri muri dosiye muri IECMS, igaragaza ko Kimasa Robert “yakomeretse ku nda kandi afite igikomere gikeneye kozwa no gupfukwa” (“there is wound on the abdomen which need to clean and future”) no mu mwanzuro wayo hakavugwamo ko yagize “severe traumatic injury of abdomen”; ko rero Hakiziyaremye Moise yagombaga guhanwa hashingiwe ku biteganywa mu ngingo ya 121 igika cya 2 y’Itegeko N°68/2018 ryo kuwa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange iteganya ko ‘‘Umuntu wese, abishaka, ukomeretsa undi, umukubita cyangwa umusagarira ku buryo bwa kiboko bubabaje aba akoze icyaha. Iyo abihamijwe n’urukiko, ahanishwa igifungo kitari munsi y’imyaka itatu (3) ariko kitarenze imyaka itanu (5) n’ihazabu y’amafaranga y’u Rwanda atari munsi y’ibihumbi magana atanu (500.000 FRW) ariko atarenze miliyoni imwe (1.000.000 FRW). [19] Hakiziyaremye Moise n’umwunganira bakomeza basobanura ko Urukiko Rukuru rwirengagije ibikubiye mu ngingo ya 49 y’Itegeko ryavuzwe haruguru kuko rutahanishije Hakiziyaremye Moise ibihano bihuye n’icyaha yakoze, rukaba rwarakoresheje ubushishozi bwarwo nabi, bityo bagasaba Urukiko
rw’Ubujurire gukosora iyo nenge kugira ngo Hakiziyaremye Moise ahabwe ubutabera buboneye. Basaba Urukiko kwemeza ko ahamwa n’icyaha giteganywa mu ngingo ya 121 yavuzwe haruguru ariko ko nta mpamvu nkomeza cyaha zihari; rukanemeza ko ibihano amaze gukora bihwanye n’icyaha yakoze maze rugategeka ko ahita arekurwa. [20] Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga ko ku bijyanye n’icyaha Hakiziyaremye Moise yakoze, Raporo ya muganga igaragaza ko yakomerekeje bikomeye Kimasa Robert mu nda (severe injury of abdomen) », ko rero byumvikanisha ko uyu yamaze iminsi nta kindi kintu abasha kuba yakwikorera; akaba koko akwiriye guhanwa hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 121 igika cya 3 y’Itegeko Nº68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 rishyiraho ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange nk‘uko ryavuguruwe kugeza ubu, ariko mu rubanza rujuririrwa Urukiko rukaba ntaho rwari guhera rumugabanyiriza igihano hakurikijwe imiburanire ye. [21] Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga ko ariko kubera impinduka zabaye ku ngingo zimwe na zimwe zo mu Itegeko Nº 68/2018 ryo kuwa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange, Hakiziyaremye Moise yagabanyirizwa igihano hashingiye ku biteganywa mu ngingo ya 11, igika cya 3 y’Itegeko Nº 059/2023 ryo kuwa 04/12/2023 rihindura Itegeko Nº 68/2018 ryavuzwe haruguru, agahanishwa igihano cy’igifungo cy’imyaka 4 n’ihazabu ingana n‘amafaranga y’u Rwanda 500.000 FRW.
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UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [22] Impaka kuri iyi ngingo zishingiye ku kumenya niba mu rubanza rujuririrwa Hakiziyaremye Moise yarahanishijwe igihano giteganyirijwe icyaha cyo gukubita cyangwa gukomeretsa byateye uwagikorewe kudashobora kugira icyo yikorera ku buryo budahoraho, nyamara we avuga ko ibikorwa yakoze bigize icyaha cyo gukubita cyangwa gukomeretsa ku bushake ku buryo bwa kiboko bubabaje. [23] Ingingo ya 121, igika cya 1 n’icya 2, y’Itegeko N° 68/2018 ryo kuwa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange nk’uko ryahinduwe kugeza ubu, iteganya ko ‘‘Umuntu wese, abishaka, ukomeretsa undi, umukubita cyangwa umusagarira ku buryo bwa kiboko bubabaje aba akoze icyaha. Iyo abihamijwe n’urukiko, ahanishwa igifungo kitari munsi y’imyaka itatu (3) ariko kitarenze imyaka itanu (5) n’ihazabu y’amafaranga y’u Rwanda atari munsi y’ibihumbi magana atanu (500.000 FRW) ariko atarenze miliyoni imwe (1.000.000 FRW).....‘‘; naho ingingo ya 11, igika cya 1, y’Itegeko N° 59/2023 ryo kuwa 04/12/2023 ihindura ingingo ya 121 yavuzwe haruguru igateganya ko ‘‘Umuntu, abishaka, ukomeretsa undi, umukubita cyangwa umusagarira ku buryo bwa kiboko bubabaje aba akoze icyaha. Iyo abihamijwe n’urukiko, ahanishwa igifungo kitari munsi y’amezi 6 ariko kitarenze umwaka 1 n’ihazabu itari munsi ya 100.000 FRW ariko itarenze 300.000 FRW‘‘. [24] Nk’uko byasobanuwe mu rubanza RS/INJUST/Pen 00004/2017/CS rwaciwe
n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 23/02/2018, haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Mukaruyange Athanasie, guhindura inyito y’icyaha ni uburenganzira n’inshingano umucamanza afite mu gihe cyose asanga ibikorwa uregwa akurikiranyweho bidahuye n’inyito byahawe n’inkiko zabanje, hakurikijwe ihame ry’uko umucamanza aregerwa ibikorwa bigize icyaha ataregerwa inyito yacyo. Uwo murongo ni nawo wakomeje gukurikizwa mu zindi manza zaciwe n’uru Rukiko, zimwe mu ziheruka gucibwa hakaba harimo nk‘urubanza RPAA 00086/2023/CA rwaciwe ku wa 19/12/2024, haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Uwizeyimana Jean Marie Vianney (igika cya 24) n‘ urubanza RPAA 00074/2024/CA rwaciwe ku wa 20/12/2024, haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Mutaganda Théogène (igika cya 16). [25] Hashingiwe ku bimaze gusobanurwa mu gika kibanziriza iki, hakaba nta kibuza uru Rukiko gusuzuma niba icyaha Hakiziyaremye Moise yahaniwe gihuye n’ibikorwa bigize icyaha cyakozwe, ari nabyo bigiye gusuzumwa mu bika bikurikira. [26] Nk’uko dosiye y’uru rubanza ibigaragaza, Ubushinjacyaha bwareze Hakiziyaremye Moise icyaha cyo gukubita cyangwa gukomeretsa uwitwa Kimasa Robert bushingiye ku ibimenyetso bikurikira maze busaba ko kimuhama: - Kuba Hakiziyaremye Moise abazwa mu Bugenzacyaha no Bushinjacyaha yaremeye ko kuri uwo munsi yageze mu kabari Kimasa Robert yakomerekeyemo; - Kuba umutangabuhamya witwa Ahishakiye Claude akaba na Manager w'ako kabari yemeza ko Hakiziyaremye Moise yinjiye mu kabari yasinze azanye n'umukobwa batabashije kumenya amazina ye, maze nyuma y' iminota mike akumva induru
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nyinshi abantu bose bari muri ako kabari biyamirira ngo ni uyu ubikoze agiye kureba asanga Kimasa Robert avirirana amaraso ku nda;
- Kuba umutangabuhamya witwa Niyonkuru Emmanuel ushinzwe akazi ko kurinda umutekano muri ako kabari nawe yemeza ko Hakiziyaremye Moise yazanye n'umukobwa muri ako kabari, ahageze agura inzoga ya petit mitzing ye yo kunywa, anagurira uwo mukobwa inzoga bita knowless; hanyuma Kimasa Robert akora kuri uwo mukobwa ashaka kumubyinisha maze Hakizimana Moise ahita afata icupa yarimo kunyweramo arikubita hasi, igice cyaryo akijomba Kimasa Robert mu nda aramukomeretsa, akomeza ahamya ko yahise amufata amwicaza mu gikari hasi ahamagara Polisi. - Kuba umutangabuhamya witwa Nikombabona Issa Mupenzi nawe yemeje ko Kimasa Robert yashatse kubyinisha umukobwa wari wazanye na Hakiziyaremye Moise muri ako kabari uyu amubwira ko ibyo atabikunda, ahita akubita hasi icupa yari arimo kunyweramo rimenekamo kabiri, ikimene cyaryo akijomba Kimasa Robert mu nda aramukomeretsa, ushinzwe kurinda umutekano muri ako kabari ahita amwicaza hasi ahamagarara Polisi. - Kuba kandi mu ibazwa ry' uyu mutangabuhamya Nikombabona Issa Mupenzi yarabajijwe niba yakwibuka uwakomerekeje Kimasa Robert akemeza ko n‘ubwo atazi amazina ye ariko amubonye yamumenya, maze akajyanwa muri kasho uregwa yari afungiyemo basohora abafungwa 3 benda gusa no kungana, bamubaza uwabikoze uwo ariwe yerekana Hakiziyaremye Moise; umwe muri abo bafungwa basohowe witwa Munyaneza Théophile nawe akaba yemeza koko uwo Nikombabona Issa Mupenzi
yerekanye ari Hakiziyaremye Moise avuga ko ariwe wakomerekeje Kimasa Robert. - Kuba hari amafoto ya Kimasa Robert na Raporo ya muganga bigaragaza ko yakomerekejwe mu nda. [27] Nk’uko byavuzwe haruguru, mu bujurire bwe Hakiziyaremye Moise asaba ko yahanirwa icyaha kijyanye n‘ ibikorwa bigize icyaha nyakuri yakoze, kuko yemera ko yakubise Kimasa Robert akanamukomeretsa mu nda ku buryo bubabaje amuteye ikimene cy’icupa bikamutera igikomere cyagombaga kozwa no kwitabwaho, ariko ko atigeze amutera ubumuga budahoraho bwatumye atabasha kugira icyo yikorera mu gihe runaka dore ko na Raporo ya muganga itabigaragaje. [28] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga Hakiziyaremye Moise yemera ko yakubise Kimasa Robert igice cy‘ icupa mu nda agakomereka ku buryo bubabaje, ibi bikaba binashimangirwa n’imvugo z’abatangabuhamya bavuzwe haruguru zanashingiweho n’inkiko ku nzego zabanje zimuhamya icyaha, hakaba n‘amafoto yafotowe Kimasa Robert na Raporo ya muganga bigaragaza ko yakomerekejwe mu nda (.“...we find the following: there is wound on the abdomen which need to clean and to future” ), no mu umwanzuro w’iyo raporo hakavugwamo ko Kimasa Robert yakomerekejwe mu buryo bubabaje ku nda (severe traumatic injury of abdomen). [29] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga hashingiwe ku byo Hakiziyaremye Moise yiyemerera no ku bimenyetso bimaze kugaragazwa mu gika kibanziriza iki, yarakomerekeje Kimasa Robert ku
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bushake kandi ku buryo bwa kiboko bubabaje, ariko hakaba nta kigaragaza ko uko gukomereka kwamuteye kudashobora kugira icyo yikorera ku buryo budahoraho (non permanant incapacity to work/incapacité de travail non permanente), ibi bikaba byari bikwiriye kuba byaragaragajwe na muganga nyamara muri Raporo yavuzwe haruguru bikaba bitagaragaramo, hakaba nta n’indi raporo cyangwa ikindi kimenyetso cyatanzwe kibigaragaza; uru Rukiko rukaba ntaho rwahera rubyemeza; hashingiwe kuri ibyo bisobanuro byose, ibikorwa Hakiziyaremye Moise yakoze bikaba bigize icyaha cyo gukubita no gukomeretsa ku bushake ku buryo bwa kiboko bubabaje giteganywa kandi kigahanwa mu ngingo ya 121 y’Itegeko N° 68/2018 ryo kuwa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange ryakoreshwaga igihe icyaha cyakorwaga (nk’uko yahinduwe n’ingingo ya 11 y’Itegeko N° 59/2023 ryo kuwa 04/12/2023 ryavuzwe haruguru). [30] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga kuba iryo Tegeko N° 59/2023 ryo kuwa 04/12/2023 ryaratangajwe nyuma y’uko Hakiziyaremye Moise ajuriye muri uru Rukiko kandi ingingo yaryo ya 11 (yahinduye ingingo ya 121 yavuzwe haruguru ikaba iteganya ko icyo cyaha gukubita no gukomeretsa ku bushake ku buryo bwa kiboko bubabaje gihanishwa igifungo kitari munsi y’amezi 6 ariko kitarenze umwaka 1 n’ihazabu itari munsi ya 100.000 FRW ariko itarenze 300.000 FRW, iri tegeko rishya ariryo rigomba gukurikizwa kuko ariryo riteganya
igihano cyoroheje hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 6 y’Itegeko N° 68/2018 ryo kuwa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange, iteganya ko mu gihe hari amategeko ahana, rimwe ryariho mu gihe icyaha cyakorwaga, irindi ryaratangajwe nyuma y’uko icyaha gikorwa, ariko urubanza rutaracibwa burundu, itegeko rishya niryo rikurikizwa iyo riteganya igihano cyoroheje. [31] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rushingiye ku bimaze gusobanurwa byose, rurasanga Hakiziyaremye Moise akwiriye guhanisha igihano cy‘igifungo cy’umwaka 1 n’ihazabu ingana na 300.000 FRW ; ibijyanye no kuba ari ubwa mbere akurikiranyweho icyaha bikaba bitashingirwaho agabanyirizwa igihano harebwe uburyo yakomerekejemo Kimasa Robert nk’uko byagaragajwe haruguru. III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO [32] Rwemeje ko ubujurire bwa Hakiziyaremye Moise bufite ishingiro kuri bimwe. [33] Rwemeje ko urubanza RPA00606/2021/HC/KIG rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru ku wa 07/09/2023 ruhindutse ku bijyanye n’inyito y’icyaha gihama Hakiziyaremye Moise n’igihano ahanishijwe. [34] Rwemeje ko Hakiziyaremye Moise ahamwa n’icyaha cyo gukubita cyangwa gukomeretsa ku bushake ku buryo bwa kiboko bubabaje. [35] Rwemeje ko Hakiziyaremye Moise ahanishwa igifungo cy’umwaka umwe (1) n’ihazabu ingana n‘amafaranga y’u Rwanda ibihumbi magana atatu (300.000 FRW). [36] Rutegetse ko Hakiziyaremye Moise ahita arekurwa uru rubanza rukimara gusomwa kuko igihano cy’igifungo ahanishijwe kiri munsi y’igihe amaze afunze. [37] Rutegetse ko Hakiziyaremye Moise asonewe amagarama y’urubanza kuko yaburanye afunze.
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