SIBOMANA v. UBUSHINJACYAHA

# SIBOMANA v. UBUSHINJACYAHA

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2025-02-21 - Case/document no.: RPAA 00209/2023/CA - Collection: Court of Appeal

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SIBOMANA v. UBUSHINJACYAHA [Rwanda URUKIKO RW’UBUJURIRE – RPAA 00209/2023/CA (Kanyange, P.J.,) 21 Gashyantare 2025] Amategeko agenga ibimenyetso – Icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana – Ibimenyetso – Mu manza nshinjabyaha, ibimenyetso byose bishobora gushingirwaho mu gihe bigaragaza ukuri kw’ibyabaye (principe de la liberté de la preuve en matière pénale), ababuranyi bakaba barahawe uburyo bwo kuhaba ngo banyomozanye, urukiko nirwo rwemeza ko ibyo bimenyetso bishobora kwemerwa. Incamake y’ikibazo: Uwitwa Mujawamariya Irene yareze Sibomana Aimable mu Bugenzacyaha avuga ko yasambanyije umwana we w’umukobwa witwa U.N. w’imyaka 9 y’amavuko, maze atangira gukurikiranwa. Nyuma y’iperereza, Ubushinjacyaha bwareze Sibomana mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Gasabo icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana, bushingiye ku bimenyetso birimo imvugo ya nyina wa U.N., ku buhamya bwa Nyiraguhirwa Pacifique no kuri raporo ya muganga, bityo bumusabira guhanishwa igifungo cya burundu. Uregwa yaburanye ahakana icyaha, avuga ko bamubeshyera Urukiko rwasanze hari ibimenyetso bitandukanye byemeza ko Sibomana yakoze icyaha akurikiranweho, hamwe na raporo ya muganga yerekana ko U.N yasambanyijwe kuko yagaragaje ko akarangabusugi ke kaciwe mu gihe cya vuba (hymen tear flesh), maze rwemeza ko ibyo bimenyetso bimuhamya icyaha akurikiranweho, bityo rumuhanisha igifungo cya burundu. Sibomana Aimable yajuririye Urukiko Rukuru, avuga ko yahamijwe icyaha atakoze, asaba kugirwa umwere. Ubushinjacyaha bwasubije ko ubujurire bwa Sibomana Aimable nta shingiro bufite kuko hari bimenyetso byashingiweho n’Urukiko bigizwe n’imvugo z’abatangabuhamya na raporo ya muganga igaragaza ko umwana afite ibimenyetso bya vuba byo gusambanywa, ko n’iby’amakimbirane avuga nta shingiro bifite. Urukiko Rukuru rwasanze hari ibimenyetso bihamya ko Sibomana yakoze icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana, rusanga ariko yagabanyirizwa igihano kuko nta bundi yigeze akurikiranwa, kandi akaba yari akiri muto kuko yakoze icyaha afite imyaka 19, maze rumuhanisha igifungo cy’imyaka cumi n’itanu (15). Sibomana yajuririye Urukiko rw’Ubujurire, we n’umwunganira bavuga ko Urukiko rwirengagije ibimenyetso bimushinjura, bavuga ko DNA yagombaga gukorwa hakagaragazwa ko ari we wabikoze, bavuga ko urukiko rwigangije n’amakimbirane yari afitanye n’abamurega, bavuga ko Urukiko rwashingiye ku mvugo z’abatangabuhamya bavuguruzanya hagati yabo, maze rumuhamya icyaha nta bimenyetso bidashidikanywaho byemeza ko ari we wasambanyije uwo mwana. Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga ko izo mpamvu z’ubujurire nta shingiro zifite, kuko ntaho Sibomana yasabye ko abatangabuhamya be babazwa ngo Urukiko rubyange, kandi ko atagaragaza

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ibimenyetso by’amakimbirane avuga ko yari hagati y’imiryango yombi, ahubwo ko hari ibimenyetso byashingiweho atabashije kuvuguruza byemeza ko yakoze icyaha akurikiranweho. Incamake y’icyemezo: Mu manza nshinjabyaha, ibimenyetso byose bishobora gushingirwaho mu gihe bigaragaza ukuri kw’ibyabaye (principe de la liberté de la preuve en matière pénale), ababuranyi bakaba barahawe uburyo bwo kuhaba ngo banyomozanye, urukiko nirwo rwemeza ko ibyo bimenyetso bishobora kwemerwa. Ubujurire nta shingiro bufite.

Amategeko yashingiweho: Itegeko N° 15/2004 ryo ku wa 12/06/2004 ryerekeye ibimenyetso mu manza n’itangwa ryabyo, ingingo ya 119. Imanza zifashishijwe: Urubanza RPAA 00692/2021/CA rw’Ubushinjacyaha na Ndayishimiye, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 20/01/2023; Urubanza RPAA 00199/2025/CA, rw’Ubushinjacyaha na Umuhire Udahemuka n’undi, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 30/10/2025; Uurubanza RPAA 00056/2023/CA, rw’ Ubushinjacyaha na Uwanyagasani, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 29/09/2025; Urubanza RPAA 010/09/CS rw’ Ubushinjacyaha na Nzajyibwami Emmanuel, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 09/03/2012.

Urubanza I. IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA [1] Uwitwa Mujawamariya Irene yareze Sibomana Aimable mu Bugenzacyaha ko yasambanyije umwana we w’umukobwa witwa U.N.1 w'imyaka 9 y’amavuko, avuga ko ku wa 07/04/2019 uwo mwana yaje arira kandi yari yavuye mu rugo agiye gutashya inkwi, ababwira ko Sibomana n’undi bari kumwe baragiye ihene bamusambanyije, arebye ku gitsina cy’umwana abona yakomeretse harimo kuvamo amaraso, abimenyesha abaturanyi n’umunyabuzima bajyana umwana kwa muganga, Sibomana Aimable atangira gukurikiranwa. [2] Nyuma y’iperereza, Ubushinjacyaha bwareze Sibomana Aimable mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Gasabo icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana, bushingiye ku bimenyetso birimo imvugo

1 Yahawe iri zina kuko ari umwana

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ya nyina wa U.N., ku buhamya bwa Nyiraguhirwa Pacifique no kuri raporo ya muganga, bumusabira guhanishwa igifungo cya burundu. [3] Sibomana Aimable yaburanye ahakana icyaha, avuga ko bamubeshyera kuko we yari aragiye mu Igaraje, kandi U.N. we akaba avuga ko yasambanyirijwe mu ishyamba, ndetse ko afite icyo apfa na nyina w’uwo mwana kuko yigeze gufungisha murumuna we nawe amurega gusambanya uwo mwana akaza gufungurirwa kuri Polisi. [4] Mu rubanza RP 00620/2019/TGI/GSBO rwaciwe ku wa 31/10/2019, Urukiko rwasanze hari ibimenyetso byemeza ko Sibomana Aimable yakoze icyaha akurikiranweho birimo imvugo ya nyina wa U.N. wasobanuye ko umwana we yagiye gutashya agaruka arira nta nkwi azanye, avuga ko yasanze Sibomana n’undi muhungu mu ishyamba baragiye ihene baramusambanya; raporo ya muganga yemeza ko U.N. yasambanyijwe kuko yagaragaje ko akarangabusugi ke kaciwe mu gihe cya vuba (hymen tear flesh), kandi ko yakobotse mu myanya ndangagitsina, n’ubuhamya bwa Nyiraguhirwa Pacifique wavuze ko ubwo yari iwabo wa U.N. yamubonye aje arira, avuga ko Sibomana na Gikuri bamusanze mu ishyamba yagiye gutashya bakamusambanya, barebye ku gitsina cye basanga bamukomerekeje, rwemeza ko ibyo bimenyetso bimuhamya icyaha akurikiranweho, rumuhanisha igifungo cya burundu. [5] Sibomana Aimable yajuririye Urukiko Rukuru, avuga ko yahamijwe icyaha atakoze, ko ahubwo ari amatiku ya nyina w’uwo mwana ushaka kubatwara isambu, kuko yari yabanje gufungisha murumuna we ariko baramufungura, abonye byanze aba ari we afungisha, kandi ko batamujyanye kwa muganga ngo na we bamupime, asaba kugirwa umwere. [6] Ubushinjacyaha bwasubije ko ubujurire bwa Sibomana Aimable nta shingiro bufite kuko hari bimenyetso byashingiweho n’Urukiko bigizwe n’imvugo z’abatangabuhamya na raporo ya muganga igaragaza ko umwana afite ibimenyetso bya vuba byo gusambanywa, ko n’iby’amakimbirane avuga nta shingiro bifite. [7] Mu rubanza RPA 01901/2019/HC/KIG rwaciwe ku wa 13/01/2023, Urukiko Rukuru rwasanze hari ibimenyetso bihamya ko Sibomana Aimable yakoze icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana, birimo imvugo ya nyina w’uwo mwana wavuze ko yagiye gutashya agaruka nta nkwi azanye arimo kurira amubwira ko yasanze Sibomana n’undi muhungu mu ishyamba baragiye ihene baramusambanya, kandi nta kimenyetso Sibomana Aimable yashoboye gutanga kibivuguruza, kuko n’ibyo avuga ko yari afite ibyo apfa na nyina w’uwo mwana, Urukiko rwakoze iperereza rugasanga nta masano imiryango yombi ifitanye, bakaba batanamenyeranye ku buryo iby’uko bashakaga kubatwara amasambu bitashoboka. [8] Rwanashingiye ku kuba igihe cy’iperereza Urukiko rwakoze, uwo mwana yaravuze ibyamubayeho adategwa, anavuga ko impamvu undi wari kumwe na Sibomana atakurikiranwe ari uko we atamusambanyije, rushingira no ku buhamya bwa Nyiraguhirwa Pacifique wavuze ko yari iwabo w'uwo mwana ubwo yazaga arira avuga ko Sibomana na Gikuri bamusanze mu ishyamba aho yari yagiye gutashya bakamusambanya, bareba ku gitsina cye bagasanga bamukomerekeje, na raporo ya muganga igaragaza ko U.N. yasambanyijwe kuko ivuga ko akarangabusugi ke kavuyeho mu gihe cya vuba (hymen tear flesh), no mu myanya ndangagitsina ye hakobotse. Rwasanze ariko yagabanyirizwa

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igihano kuko nta bundi yigeze akurikiranwa, kandi akaba yari akiri muto kuko yakoze icyaha afite imyaka 19, rumuhanisha igifungo cy’imyaka cumi n’itanu (15). [9] Sibomana Aimable yajuririye Urukiko rw’Ubujurire, urubanza ruhabwa RPAA 00209/2023/CA, iburanisha ribera mu ruhame ku wa 04/11/2025 Sibomana Aimable yunganiwe na Me Munyaneza Eloi Gentil Diallo naho Ubushinjacyaha buhagarariwe na Uwanziga Lydia, Umushinjacyaha ku rwego rw’Igihugu. [10] Mu myanzuro y’ubujurire no mu miburanire, Sibomana Aimable n’umwunganira bavuga ko Urukiko rwirengagije ibimenyetso bimushinjura, n’amakimbirane yari afitanye n’abamurega, rumuhamya icyaha nta bimenyetso bidashidikanywaho byemeza ko ari we wasambanyije uwo mwana. [11] Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga ko izo mpamvu z’ubujurire nta shingiro zifite, kuko ntaho Sibomana Aimable yasabye ko abatangabuhamya be babazwa ngo Urukiko rubyange, kandi ko atagaragaza ibimenyetso by’amakimbirane avuga ko yari hagati y’imiryango yombi, ahubwo ko hari ibimenyetso byashingiweho atabashije kuvuguruza byemeza ko yakoze icyaha akurikiranweho. [12] Muri uru rubanza harasuzumwa ibirebana no kumenya niba Sibomana Aimable yarahamijwe icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana nta bimenyetso bihamya ku buryo budashidikanywaho ko ari we wagikoze no kumenya niba harirengagijwe ibimenyetso bimushinjura. II. ISESENGURA RY’IBIBAZO BIRI MU RUBANZA Kumenya niba Sibomana Aimable yarahamijwe icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana nta bimenyetso bihamya ku buryo budashidikanywaho ko ari we wagikoze, no kumenya niba harirengagijwe ibimenyetso bimushinjura [13] Sibomana Aimable n’umwunganira bavuga ko Urukiko rwirengagije kubaza abatangabuhamya bamushinjura barimo uwitwa Mugisha waje mu iburanisha, n’uwitwa Gaston utaraje, abo batangabuhamya bakaba bari kwemeza ko birirwanye uwo munsi bavuga icyaha cyakoreweho (Alibi), kuba batarabajijwe bikaba binyuranyije n’ingingo ya 110 y’Itegeko N°027/2029 ryo ku wa 19/09/2019 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza nshinjabyaha2, bityo ko uburenganzira bwe butubahirijwe, kandi Ubushinjacyaha bufite inshingano yo gushaka ibimenyetso bishinja n’ibishinjura, iyo nenge nayo ikaba yazakosorwa n’uru Rukiko, agahabwa uburenganzira bwo kurushyikiriza abatangabuhamya bamushinjura nk’uko yabisabye urubanza rugitangira. [14] Ku birebana n’ikimenyetso kimara impaka cya DNA, Sibomana Aimable n’umwunganira bavuga ko ibimenyetso byakuwe ku mwana byagombaga gupimwa bigahuzwa n’ibya Sibomana Aimable kugirango hamenyekane uwamusambanyije, kuko

2 Iyo ngingo iteganya ko umucamanza agomba kwakira no gusuzuma ibimenyetso byose ababuranyi batanze bashinja cyangwa biregura, byo guhamya imvugo yabo.

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kuba muganga yarabonye ko akarangabusugi k’uwo mwana kacitse yagombaga no kugaragaza ko byatewe no gusambanywa, kandi bigahuzwa na Sibomana Aimable, akaba ari yo mpamvu bavuga ko DNA yagombaga gukorwa hakagaragazwa ko ari we wabikoze, bityo ibimenyetso byashingiweho bikaba bidahagije, n’ubwo ubu badasaba ko yakorwa kuko wenda bitashoboka. [15] Banavuga ko Urukiko rwashingiye ku mvugo z’abatangabuhamya bavuguruzanya hagati yabo kandi ibyo bavuga barabibwiwe n’umuntu umwe, kuko mu nyandikomvugo y’ibazwa rya nyina w’umwana yavuze ko umwana yamubwiye ko hari abahungu babiri barimo Sibomana n’undi atazi izina bamusambanyije undi mutangabuhamya Nyiraguhirwa we avuga ko umwana yaje avuga Sibomana na Gikuri, bakaba rero badahuza ku byo umwana yavuze, hakanibazwa impamvu uwo Gikuri ataboneka kandi bigaragara ko uwamuvuze amuzi neza, ibyo nabyo bikaba ari ikimenyetso kigaragaza ko icyaha aregwa cyahimbwe. [16] Ku bijyanye n’ubuhamya bwashingiweho, Sibomana Aimable n’umwunganira bavuga ko buvuguruzanya n’imvugo z’umwana kandi abatangabuhamya baravuze ibyo umwana yababwiye, kuko mu iperereza ryakozwe n’Urukiko Rukuru, umwana yavuze ko uwamuhohoteye amuzi ko yavugiye kuri polisi ko yitwa Sibomana François, ko amazina ye atari ayazi, aho bivuguruzanya rero akaba ari uko abo batangabuhamya bo bavuga ko umwana yaje avuga Sibomana nyamara umwana we akavuga ko atari amuzi, ahubwo ko izina rye yarimenyeye kuri polisi, bakibaza rero uwaba yaragiye kumurega kandi umwana atari azi izina rye, bakaba kandi badahuriza ku mwirondoro w’uregwa kuko umwana avuga Sibomana François, aho kuba Sibomana Aimable, ikindi kandi Nyiraguhirwa akaba yaravuze ko U.N. yaje arira avuga ko Sibomana na Gikuri bamusambanyije, ariko uwo mwana ntaho yigeze avuga Gikuri, na nyina ntaho yamuvuze. [17] Sibomana Aimable n’umwunganira bavuga kandi ko Urukiko rutahaye agaciro amakimbirane yari hagati y’imiryango yabo kandi nyina w’uwo mwana umurega yarahoraga ashwana na nyirakuru ubarera (we na murumuna we witwa Rukundo), ikimenyetso kikaba ari uko uwo murumuna we yigeze kumufungisha nawe amuziza gusambanya U.N., ko rero kuba Urukiko rwarashingiye ku kuba uwo mwana yarasubiye mu byo yari yaravuze mbere ari inenge ikomeye, kuko atari igitangaza ko umwana wo mu kigero cye yasubiramo ibyo yashyizwemo n’umubyeyi we, kandi ko n’ubuyobozi bw’inzego z’ibanze buzi iby’ayo makimbirane, ndetse ko umwana yavuze ko ababyeyi be n’aba Sibomana bari baziranye bisanzwe, ariko nyina avuga ko abo bantu atabazi, ko rero icyamuteye guhakana ko baziranye ari uko atashakaga kugaragaza ko bafitanye ikibazo. [18] Ku bijyanye n’imvugo z’umwana wasambanyijwe, Sibomana Aimable n’umwunganira banenga ko Urukiko rwazishingiyeho zidashyigikiwe n’ibindi bimenyetso kandi umwana yari afite imyaka icyenda (9) y’amavuko, kandi na raporo ya muganga ikaba ishidikanywaho, ko rero izo mvugo zishidikanywaho ku bijyanye n’umwirondoro w’uwakoze icyaha, no kuba avuga amazina atandukanye n’ayuregwa, kuko yavuze ko uwamusambanyije yitwa Sibomana François, no kuba yaravuze ko mbere atari azi Sibomana, bigahamya ko imvugo ze zagombaga gushimangirwa n’ibindi bimenyetso byemeza ko Sibomana Aimable ariwe wamusambanyije, kandi ko n’ubuhamya bwa Mujawamaliya na Nyiraguhirwa) ku byerekereye amazina y’uwasambanyije U.N.,

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butafatwa nk’ikimenyetso cyunganira ubuhamya bw’uwo mwana, kuko ubuhamya ari ibivugwa n’umuntu wa bibonye33, kuba rero baravuze ibyo umwana yababwiye, ubuhamya bwabo bukaba butaragombaga gushingirwaho mu kwemeza ko Sibomana ariwe wabikoze, ahubwo Ubushinjacyaha bukaba bwaragombaga gushaka ibindi bimenyetso. [19] Basaba rero ko hashingirwa ku ngingo ya 111 y’Itegeko N° 027/2019 ryo ku wa 19/09/2019 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’inshinjabyaha, iteganya ko gushidikanya birengera uregwa no ku rubanza RPAA 00177/2018/CA4 rwemeje ko Rwagitare Célestin waruregwagamo agizwe umwere nyuma yo gusanga ubuhamya bumushinja bushidikanywaho kuko bwavuguruzanyaga; hakemezwa ko ubuhamya bwa nyina w’umwana buvuguruzanya n’ubwa Nyiraguhirwa Pacifique, ndetse ubuhamya bwabo bombi bukavuguruzanya n’ubw’uwo mwana, ko nta kimenyetso cyemeza nta shiti ko Sibomana Aimable ariwe wasambayije uwo mwana. [20] Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga ko impamvu z’ubujurire bwa Sibomana Aimable nta shingiro zifite, kuko ntaho yasabye ko abatangabuhamya be babazwa ngo Urukiko rwange kubabaza, ko ahubwo umutangabuhamya yamuzanye mu iburanisha akurikirana urubanza bituma atabazwa, naho uwitwa Gaston avuga akaba ataratanze umwirondoro yari guhamagazwaho. [21] Ku birebana na DNA, avuga ko nta bimenyetso byafashwe (samples) byari gupimwa, ahubwo ko icyo muganga yakoze ari ukureba ko umwana yasambanyijwe kandi akaba yarabitangiye raporo. Naho ibyo bavuga ko raporo ya muganga igaragaza ko umwana yasambanyijwe ariko ntigaragaze aho uko gusambanywa guhuriye na Sibomana Aimable, bitahabwa ishingiro kuko umwana uwo yavuze wamusambanyije ari Sibomana na muganga amupimye asanga koko yasambanyijwe, uwo witwa Gikuri nawe umwana akaba yaramuvuze ariko ntiyaboneka ngo akurikiranwe, ko rero impamvu Gikuri atabajijwe ari uko atigeze aboneka ngo abazwe, bityo ko azakomeza gushakishwa agafatirwa umwanzuro ukwiye. [22] Naho ku byo bavuga ko imvugo za nyina w’umwana n’iz’umutangabuhamya witwa Nyiraguhirwa Pacifique ngo zivuguruzanya, uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga ko nta kuvuguruzanya kurimo, kuko uwo Pacifique avuga ko uwo mwana yamubwiye ko yari yagiye gutashya ahura na Sibomana na Gikuri, naho nyina w’uwo mwana amubajije amubwira ko ari Sibomana n’undi bamusambanyije, ko rero hasesenguwe izo nyandikomvugo zabo, bahuriza kuri Sibomana kandi bombi bakavuga abantu babiri, bityo ko nta kuvuguruzanya kurimo. [23] Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga kandi ko ibyo bavuga ko umwana yavuze Sibomana François akanavuga ko mbere atari amuzi, kandi yarabwiye abatangabuhamya ko ari Sibomana, nabyo nta kwivuguruza kurimo kuko kutamenya izina rya kabiri rya Sibomana bitakwitwa kuvuguruzanya, kandi umwana yakomeje kuvuga uwitwa Sibomana

3 Babishingira ku ngingo ya 62 y’Itegeko 15/2004 ryo ku wa 12/06/2004 ryerekeye ibimenyetso mu manza n’itangwa ryabyo, ryakoreshwaga igihe icyaha cyakorwaga.

4 Rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujure ku wa 21/02/2020, haburana Rwagitera Célestin n’Ubushinjacyaha

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kandi bigaragara ko Urukiko rwagiye gukora iperereza nyuma y’imyaka itatu, kuba rero yaba yaribagiwe irindi zina rye akajijinganya ariko yari yavuze izina rya Sibomana bivuze ko nta kuvuguruzanya kurimo. [24] Ku bijyanye n’amakimbirane bavuga ko umuryango wa Sibomana Aimable wari ufitanye n’uwa U.N., uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga ko nta shingiro afite, kuko nta bimenytso batanze bigaragaza ayo makimbirane, bakaba bagomba kuyagaragaza kuko nta masano bafitanye ku buryo baba bapfa amasambu. [25] Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha asoza avuga ko hari ibimenyetso bigaragaza ko Sibomana Aimable yasambanyije uwo mwana, kuko ari we umwana avuga ko yamusambanyije, naho ibyo bavuga ko imvugo y’uwakorewe icyaha idashyigikiwe n’ibindi bimenyetso nta shingiro bifite kuko hari ibimenyetso biyishyigikiye birimo raporo ya muganga n’imvugo z’abatangabuhamya. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [26] Impaka muri uru rubanza zishingiye ku kumenya niba Sibomana Aimable yarahamijwe icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana nta bimenyetso bihamya ku buryo budashidikanywaho ko ari we wagikoze, no kumenya niba harirengagijwe ibimenyetso bimushinjura. [27] Ku byerekeye ibimenyetso mu manza, mu rubanza RPAA 00692/2021/CA rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 20/01/2023 haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Ndayishimiye Jean Damascène, hasesenguwe ingingo ya 119 y’Itegeko N° 15/2004 ryo ku wa 12/06/2004 ryerekeye ibimenyetso mu manza n’itangwa ryabyo5, harebwe cyane cyane ku mwihariko w’imanza nshinjabyaha, maze Urukiko rusobanura ko mu manza nshinjabyaha, ibimenyetso byose bishobora gushingirwaho mu gihe bigaragaza ukuri kw’ibyabaye (principe de la liberté de la preuve en matière pénale) ababuranyi bakaba barahawe uburyo bwo kuhaba ngo banyomozanye, kandi ko urukiko arirwo rwemeza ko ibyo bimenyetso bishobora kwemerwa. Iri hame ryashingiweho mu zindi manza zakurikiyeho zaciwe n’uru Rukiko, urwaciwe bwa nyuma akaba ari urubanza RPAA 00199/2025/CA, rwaciwe ku wa 30/10/2025, haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Umuhire Udahemuka Régis na Habumugisha Egide. [28] Kugira ngo Sibomana Aimable ahamwe n’icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana, Urukiko Rukuru rwabishingiye ku mvugo za U.N. warasobanuye ibyamubayeho adategwa; ku mvugo za nyina wavuze ko yagiye gutashya akagaruka arira, akamubwira ko yasanze Sibomana n’undi muhungu mu ishyamba baragiye ihene bakamusambanya; ku buhamya bwa Nyiraguhirwa Pacifique wavuze ko yari iwabo wa U.N. ubwo yazaga arira avuga ko Sibomana na Gikuri bamusanze mu ishyamba bakamusambanya, bareba ku gitsina cye bagasanga yakomeretse, no kuri raporo ya muganga yagaragaje ko akarangabusugi ke kari kacitse (hymen: tear fresh), no mu myanya ndangagitsina hakobotse, runasobanura ko ibyo Sibomana Aimable yavugaga ko bafite ibyo bapfa n’iwabo w’uwo mwana nta shingiro

5 Iyo ngingo ihura n’ingingo ya 87 y’Itegeko Nº 062/2024 ryo ku wa 20/06/2024 rigenga ibimenyetso

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bifite kuko iby’uko bashakaga kubatwara amasambu bitashoboka kubera ko nta masano bafitanye. [29] Ku birebana n’ibyo Sibomana Aimable avuga ko Urukiko rwirengagije kubaza abatangabuhamya bamushinjura, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga nta shingiro bifite, kuko bigaragara ko mu iburanisha ryo ku wa 16/12/2022 mu rubanza rujuririrwa, Sibomana Aimable yabwiye Urukiko ko yazanye umutangabuhamya ariko rusanga yakurikiranye iburanisha bituma atabazwa, naho uwo avuga witwa Gaston akaba atarigeze amuvuga ngo Urukiko rwange kumubaza. . [30] Ku bivugwa na Sibomana Aimable ko atari ari aho bavuga ko icyaha cyakorewe kuko we yari aragiye ihene mu igaraje kandi umwana we akavuga ko yasambanyirijwe mu ishyamba, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga nta shingiro bifite, kuko uwo mwana yabwiye Urukiko Rukuru mu iperereza rwakoze ko hafi y’aho yasambanyirijwe hari igaraje, bivuze rero ko aho umwana yavuze hadatandukanye n’aho bari baragiye. [31] Ku birebana n’uko hatakozwe ikizamini cya DNA cyari kugaragaza aho Sibomana ahurira n’ibimenyetso muganga yasanze kuri U.N., Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga kuba icyo kizamini kitarakozwe bitatesha agaciro raporo ya muganga kuko inshingano yari yahawe ari nazo yakoze kwari ugusuzuma uwo mwana, akagaragaza ko hari ibimenyetso afite bigaragaza ko yasambanyijwe, no kureba niba hari indwara yandujwe, kandi ibyo raporo yagaragaje bikaba bigomba kureberwa hamwe n’uko ibintu byagenze mbere y’isuzumwa yakorewe, harimo kuba yaravuze ko yasambanyijwe na Sibomana ari kumwe n’undi muhungu, amusambanyiriza mu ishyamba aho bari baragiye ihene, bigahura n’uko Sibomana nawe yavuze ko uwo munsi yirirwanye n’abandi baragiye ihene, kandi aho avuga ko bari baziragiye akaba ari mu cyerekezo umwana avuga ko yasambanyirijwemo, n’umutangabuhamya witwa Nyiraguhirwa Pacifique wari iwabo w’uwo mwana akaba yaremeje ko yatashye arira ababwira ko yasambanyijwe, barebye babona afite amaraso mu gitsina kandi habyimbye harimo n’udusebe. [32] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga kandi nta kuvuguruzanya kuri mu mvugo za U.N., iza nyina n’iza Nyiraguhirwa Pacifique, kuko kuba igihe cy’iperereza ry’Urukiko umwana yaravuze ko yahohotewe n’uwitwa Sibomana François, akanavuga ko mbere atari azi izina rye, bitavuze ko uwo mwana atari amuzi ahubwo byaba byaratewe n’igihe cyari giciyeho, cyane cyane ko usibye kwibeshya ku izina rya kabiri atigeze yibeshya ku rya Sibomana, bivuze rero ko atari undi muntu yavuze, cyangwa ko atari amuzi, kuko kuba yari amuzi bigaragazwa n’uko mu Bushinjacyaha Sibomana yavuze ko uwo mwana azi izina rye (rya Sibomana), ko yanacaga iwabo agiye kuragira ihene ndetse ko uwo munsi acyuye ihene yahanyuze. [33] Na none ibyo bavuga ko imvugo za U.N. zivuguruzanya n’iz’abatangabuhamya ngo kuko bo bavuga ko yaje ababwira ko ari Sibomana wamusambanyije, naho umwana we akavuga ko atari amuzi, ko rero atari kumubabwira atazi izina rye, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga nta kuvuguruzanya kuri mu mvugo zabo kuko nk’uko byavuzwe mu gika kibanziriza iki, umwana yari azi ko uwamusambanyije yitwa Sibomana, aba ari nawe abwira nyina n’umutangabuhamya witwa Nyiraguhirwa Pacifique, ibyo rero bavuga ko

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atari azi amazina ye bikaba nta shingiro bifite, cyane cyane ko hari n’aho Sibomana yavuze ko uwo mwana yigeze kumutuka akabwira nyina ko azamukubita, bikaba byumvikanisha ko bari basanzwe baziranye. [34] Ku birebana n’imvugo z’abatangabuhamya, Sibomana n’umwunganira bavuga ko nazo zivuguruzanya, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga nta shingiro bifite, kuko kuba nyina wa U.N. yaravuze ko uyu yamubwiye ko yasambanyijwe n’abahungu babari barimo Sibomana n’undi bari kumwe, naho Nyiraguhirwa Pacifique we akavuga ko umwana yavuze ko yasambanyijwe na Sibomana na Gikuri, bitakwitwa ko izo mvugo zivuguruzanya, kuko icyo zihuriyeho kandi kigize ireme ry’ubuhamya bwabo ari uko umwana yababwiye abantu babiri, kandi muri bo hakaba harimo izina rya Sibomana. [35] Ku bivugwa na Sibomana n’umwunganira ko hashingiwe ku mvugo z’umwana wasambanyijwe zidashyigikiwe n’ibindi bimenyetso, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga nabyo nta shingiro bifite, kuko mu kumuhamya icyaha hatashingiwe ku mvugo z’uwo mwana gusa ahubwo zahujwe n’ibindi bimenyetso birimo cyane cyane raporo ya muganga yagaragaje ko yari afite ibimenyetso by’uko yasambanyijwe bigaragazwa n’uko akarangabusugi ke kari kacitse (hymen: tear fresh), no kuba ku gitsina hari hakobotse, hakaba n’imvugo za nyina hamwe n’iza Nyiraguhirwa Pacifique wasobanuye uburyo umwana yageze mu rugo arira akababwira ko yasambanyijwe, akavuga n’abamusambanyije. [36] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga kandi kuba nyina w’umwana ndetse na Nyiraguhirwa Pacifique baravuze ibyo babwiwe na U.N. bitabuza ko imvugo zabo zishingirwaho, cyane cyane ko zitashingiweho nk’iz’ababonye icyaha gikorwa ahubwo zashingiweho nk’izababonye uwo mwana wari wagiye gutashya agarutse arira avuga ko yasambanyijwe, akavuga n’abamusambanyije, kandi bikemezwa na raporo ya muganga. [37] Byongeye kandi, mu rwego rwo gushaka ukuri kw’ibyabaye ku birebana n’imikorere y’icyaha, hadashingirwa gusa ku buhamya bw’ababonye icyaha gikorwa kuko akenshi ibyaha bikorerwa mu bwihisho, ahubwo hashobora no gushingirwa ku buhamya bushingiye ku mabwire (preuve par ouï-dire) cyangwa ubuhamya buziguye (preuve indirecte) iyo bushyigikiwe n’ibindi bimenyetso bituma bwizerwa nk’uko byatanzweho umurongo n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire mu rubanza RPA/Gén 00002/2018/CA rwaciwe ku wa 27/07/2023 haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Twahirwa François6; bityo kuba nyina wa U.N na Nyiraguhirwa baravuze ko babonye umwana wari wagiye gutashya yarabagezeho arira, akavuga ko Sibomana n’undi muhungu yasanze baragiye ihene bamusambanyije, Sibomana nawe akaba yemera ko uwo munsi yari aragiye ihene muri ako gace umwana avuga ko yasambanyirijwemo, raporo ya muganga nayo ikagaragaza ko yari afite ibimenyetso bya vuba byo gusambanywa, ibyo bimenyetso bituma ubuhamya bwabo bwizerwa.

6 Uwo murongo ukaba waranakurikijwe mu zindi manza zaciwe uruheruka akaba ari urubanza RPAA 00056/2023/CA, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 29/09/2025 haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Uwanyagasani Vedaste (igika cya 25).

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[38] Naho ku bijyanye n’amakimbirane Sibomana Aimable avuga ko ariyo yabaye intandaro yo kuregwa, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga bitahabwa agaciro, kuko abazwa mu Bugenzacyaha no mu Bushinjacyaha yavuze ko ntacyo apfa n’umuryango wa U.N., naho aburana ku ifungwa ry’agateganyo avuga ko yigeze kugirana ikibazo n’uwo mwana yamututse abwira nyina ko azamukubita, agakeka ko ari yo mpamvu amubeshyera, agaze mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye avuga ko amakimbirane ayafitanye na nyina w’uwo mwana naho mu Rukiko Rukuru avuga ko U.N. ari mushiki we kuko nyina ari muka se, akaba yarashakaga kubarira imitungo. Kuba rero yaragiye ahindagura impamvu z’ibyo bapfa, ndetse mu nzego z’ikurikiranacyaha akabanza kuvuga ko ntacyo bapfa, byumvikanisha ko iby’amakimbirane avuga ari uburyo bwo gushaka kwikuraho icyaha. [39] Na none kandi, ibivugwa na Sibomana ko nyina wa U.N. yigeze kubeshyera murumuna we ko yasambanyije uwo mwana, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga bitashingirwaho ngo hemezwe ko abeshyerwa, kuko uretse kuba nta kigaragaza ko byabayeho, no kuba murumuna we yaba yarakurikiranwe ku cyaha yari yaketsweho, bitabuza ko nawe akurikiranwa mu gihe hari ibimenyetso bigaragaza ko yakoze icyaha. [40] Naho ku bisabwa na Sibomana Aimable ko hahamagazwa abatangabuhamya bamushinjura, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga atari ngombwa gutumiza abatangabuhamya muri uru rubanza kuko ibimenyetso byashingiweho ahamwa n’icyaha bihagije nk’uko byatanzweho umurongo n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga, uvuga ko Urukiko rudategetswe kubaza abatangabuhamya igihe cyose bisabwe n’umuburanyi iyo rwumva ibimenyetso rwashyikirijwe bihagije7, ndetse n’urubanza RPAA00177/2018/CA Sibomana n’umwunganira baburanisha rukaba rutashingirwaho, kuko ubuhamya bwashingiweho mu kumuhamya icyaha budashidikanywaho kubera ko butavuguruzanya. [41] Hashingiwe ku byagaragajwe byose, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga ibimenyetso byashingiweho bihamya ku buryo budashidikanywa ko Sibomana Aimable yakoze icyaha akurikiranweho kandi ko nta bimenyetso bimushinjura byirengagijwe, bityo hakaba hagumyeho imikirize y’urubanza rwajuririwe. III. ICYEMEZO CY’ URUKIKO [42] Rwemeje ko ubujurire bwatanzwe na Sibomana Aimable nta shingiro bufite; [43] Rwemeje ko urubanza RPA 01901/2019/HC/KIG rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru ku wa 13/01/2023 rugumanye agaciro mu ngingo zarwo zose; [44] Rutegetse ko igifungo cy’imyaka cumi n’itanu (15) Sibomana Aimable yahanishijwe ku cyaha cyo gusambanya umwana kigumyeho.

7Reba urubanza RPAA 010/09/CS rwaciwe ku wa 09/03/2012 haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Nzajyibwami Emmanuel, igika cya 9