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Rwanda Case Law

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Criminal law RPAA 00304/2025/CA

NKUNDINTWARI v. UBUSHINJACYAHA

The Court of Appeal dismissed a criminal appeal against a defilement conviction, holding that the evidence was sufficient and credible despite the DNA report.

  • Defilement of a minor
  • Standard of proof in criminal cases
  • Admissibility of evidence
  • Appeals procedure
  • Defilement-of-a-minor
  • Criminal-evidence
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Criminal law RPAA 00199/2025/CA

UBUSHINJACYAHA v UMUHIRE N’ABANDI

The Court of Appeal held that the evidence was sufficient to uphold convictions for defilement of a minor and dismissed the appellants’ challenge.

  • Defilement of a minor
  • Admissibility of evidence
  • Standard of proof in criminal cases
  • Weight of victim testimony
  • Appeals process
  • Criminal-law
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Criminal law RPAA01124/2024/CA

UBUSHINJACYAHA v. IYAMUNGU

The Court of Appeal held that witness testimony and a medical report, taken together, proved defilement of a minor and dismissed the appeal.

  • Sexual offences against minors
  • Standard of proof in criminal cases
  • Assessment of evidence
  • Appeals procedure
  • Criminal-law
  • Evidence-law
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Criminal law RPAA 00866/2024/CA

UBUSHINJACYAHA v KAMBARI

The Court of Appeal found that the testimonies of the victim and witness were consistent and corroborated by the medical report, which showed physical signs of sexual assault. The defense’s alternative explanations were unsupported and contradicted by the evidence. The court held that the conviction was based on reliable, corroborated evidence and that the sentence imposed was appropriate given the gravity of the offence.

  • Sexual offences against children
  • Assessment of evidence
  • Standard of proof in criminal cases
  • Appeals procedure
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Criminal law RPAA 00969/2024/CA

UBUSHINJACYAHA v NKESHIYAREMYE

The Court of Appeal dismissed the appeal and upheld a 17-year sentence for defilement, relying on the victim’s testimony, witness accounts, and medical evidence.

  • Sexual offences against minors
  • Standard of proof in criminal cases
  • Admissibility and evaluation of evidence
  • Appeals procedure
  • Criminal-law
  • Evidence-law
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Criminal law RPAA 00928/2024/CA

UBUSHINJACYAHA vs NGOGA

The Court of Appeal upheld Ngoga Thacien’s conviction for defilement of a minor, holding that the evidence was consistent and not rendered doubtful by alleged conflicts.

  • Sexual offences against minors
  • Standard of proof in criminal cases
  • Admissibility of evidence
  • Appeals procedure
  • Criminal-law
  • Evidence-law
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Criminal law RPAA 00548/2023/CA

UBUSHINJACYAHA vs RUTIKANGA

The appeal was dismissed because the court found no material defects in the evidence relied upon by the lower courts. The hearsay evidence was corroborated by the medical report, which showed signs consistent with sexual assault. The absence of semen did not undermine the conviction, as the totality of evidence, including the child's testimony and supporting witnesses, was sufficient. The appellant failed to rebut the medical findings or provide a plausible alternative explanation. The conviction and sentence were upheld.

  • Sexual offences against children
  • Admissibility of hearsay evidence
  • Medical evidence in criminal trials
  • Standard of proof in criminal cases
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Criminal law RPAA 00209/2023/CA

SIBOMANA v. UBUSHINJACYAHA

The Court of Appeal upheld Sibomana Aimable’s 15-year sentence for defilement of a minor, holding that the evidence was sufficient and the appeal lacked merit.

  • Defilement of a minor
  • Standard of proof in criminal cases
  • Admissibility of evidence
  • Witness credibility
  • Dna evidence
  • Appeals procedure
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Criminal law RPAA 00332/2024/CA

UBUSHINJACYAHA v. NIYODUSENGA

The Court of Appeal held that victim, mother, and medical evidence were enough to uphold a conviction for defilement, even without DNA evidence.

  • Sexual offences against minors
  • Standard of proof in criminal cases
  • Admissibility of evidence
  • Reduction of sentence due to mitigating circumstances
  • Criminal-law
  • Evidence-law
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Criminal law RPAA 00206/2023/CA

UBUSHINJACYAHA v. BAZIRAMWABO ALIAS MUSEVENI

The Court of Appeal upheld a defilement conviction, holding that the victim’s account, witness evidence, and medical evidence proved guilt, but reduced the sentence to 15 years.

  • Sexual offences against minors
  • Standard of proof in criminal cases
  • Admissibility of evidence
  • Sentencing discretion
  • Criminal-law
  • Evidence-law
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Rwanda decisions are organised by court, judge, legal area and indexed issue so a practitioner can move from a proposition to a citable authority with the surrounding context intact.