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Rwanda Case Law

Search judgments by proposition, citation, court, judge or legal topic, then move directly into the source-grounded case analysis.

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Civil procedure RC 00004/2024/SC

KAZAVIYO v MURWANASHYAKA N’ABANDI

The Supreme Court of Rwanda held that a claim filed against deceased respondents is inadmissible and cannot be examined on the merits.

  • Capacity to sue
  • Capacity to be sued
  • Effect of death on litigation
  • Nullity of proceedings
  • Contradictory judgments
  • Civil-procedure
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Criminal law RP 00004/2024/CA

UBUSHINJACYAHA vs MUREKEZI N’UNDI

A deceased person lacks legal capacity to appeal; only successors may appeal, and must do so in their own names and interests. An appeal filed in the name of the deceased is inadmissible and cannot be regularized. The appeal by Irto Mattia (deceased) was not accepted for lack of capacity and standing.

  • Capacity to sue
  • Succession
  • Appeal procedure
  • Party substitution after death
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Family law RS/INJUST/RC 00008 /2021/CA

NYIRAMATAMA v MUHIRWA

The Court of Appeal held that a clarification judgment must stay within its limits and that the donor of umunani chooses the property to be given.

  • Partition of inheritance
  • Capacity to sue
  • Clarification of judgments
  • Parental gifts (umunani)
  • Clarification-of-judgments
  • Capacity-to-sue
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Commercial law RLR V.4-2016

ECOBANK RWANDA Ltd v. JULIA SHOP

The Supreme Court held that JULIA SHOP, as a sole proprietorship business name, lacked legal personality and could not sue in its own name. The appeal succeeded.

  • Legal personality
  • Capacity to sue
  • Sole proprietorship
  • Business names
  • Admissibility of claims
  • Legal-personality
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Civil procedure [2016]1 RLR

RWANDA DEVELOPMENT BOARD (RDB) v. SUCCESSION OF MUBUMBYI

Kantengwa Epiphanie lacked the legal capacity and interest to intervene because she could not independently bring a claim against RDB for the cement debt or USD 20,000, and her claim was not sufficiently interconnected with the principal claim between RDB and the heirs of Mubumbyi Manasseh. Her claim was based on different legal grounds (will and affidavit) than the principal claim (contract of sale), making it an independent rather than interconnected claim.

  • Intervention
  • Admissibility of claims
  • Succession
  • Capacity to sue
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Commercial law RCOMA 0036/12/CS – RCOMA 0041/12/CS

ABDUL KALIM v. RWANDAMOTOR

The Supreme Court held that a car lessee lacked standing to claim damages for a leased vehicle, while the owner could recover damages for delayed repair.

  • Capacity to sue
  • Damages
  • Lease contracts
  • Repair obligations
  • Capacity-to-sue
  • Lease-contracts
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Commercial law RCOM AA 0048/12/CS

GAKWAYA v MICHEL

Supreme Court upheld dissolution of a hotel sale contract, found no proof the seller caused loan refusal, and awarded reasonable damages and fees on cross-appeal.

  • Contract of sale
  • Jurisdiction
  • Mandate to sell
  • Damages
  • Capacity to sue
  • Contract-of-sale
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Rwanda decisions are organised by court, judge, legal area and indexed issue so a practitioner can move from a proposition to a citable authority with the surrounding context intact.