19930716 TZHC Tabora 1

I ffl~~I- /JSrv, :(. .j :c.r ':~-~ :=rc:r ::x;:_:r{1:" 8F ::.~~~;~ :-J;.. ,/ '·. NP 9:Ii.BJ:an. ;..:r &PPELL.L.1:D JURT.silICTION (~.tabora Registr;r). (HC) CRilfi1'TLL lPPEl1 NO., 261 OF 1991 ORTGDT.tJ. EJOECLITC Ci.,l:3.E NO., 20 OF 1990 OF Tffli} DIZ.fRICT 00L'm1 OF r.!('.SJl,_ DISTRIC·r .l 'T .;.T•'r'='1.T" ~ J..u.Q.i,,:,&,~ Befo:::-es I{ .. $ .. TIOZi.. • ., .... Et go? JJTE'l'RIC~~ LL.GIS'l~ • :f ·• PJ[f'P.) ~E r,, 0 o o ,, :a"•~ o ~• o ~ ¢-- ~, T" o o c,. c (" o o o (. e t.. o • .D o d • ~~ LPFJ:!1LLLJ.f:J: ( 0111.g.i.naJ. Aoottsed) Varsu.s 'Jtl3 :c:Jl?G°BL IC <:\1fn•o•c?tJ0090o " 0 0 , .. 0 • " 0 0 b O ....... " BE6?01:'i:DE£1!1; . . ..,,,_, (0 rig:.. . seou·uo;;:- ....a,.. Pro ' 'J JU:DGIJN]i°TT ~;fig Corru:- ·; txa.nsaoticn o / s 1 to .:a ( 2) of First Schedule to t1J.e libonor.·:.c and Oxc;anized Crime i ~n ~rol l,ct :i:Jo,. 13/84 and section 56 ( 1) ~nd 59 ( 2) o..s read to: ·c--;.'.J0r with section 3 ( 1) of the Preven·::ion of 0o:r:ruption ~ct lfot, 16 of 1971 .. K.L:}: I•-~ I ._J._.. 10:ilioJi,a District Cou.rt 1 Jurisdi otionali ;::i'3d1 to t:cy- a.."l ]bonomi.c Crimes off'enoe 1 saw the trieJ. o:f FDrID s/o F"1.JD3, herein to be caJ.led the appe1.la.nt, fo:r the off' c!lf'le of OOITllpii tra...'1.sact:i.ofit cc;nt:ra:;:-;y to paxa ( 2) of First Schedule iio the E:lonomi.o 0:rganized Crirn-:::i Control Lot No. 13/1984 and soetidns 56 ( 1) -and 59 ( 2), as read

·hoeethe!', wi-th section 3 ( 1) f of the Prevention of Gorrt.l})'tion i.ict., No,. 16 of 1971,, Upon the ap~ella."lt plcc!.d.:.!'i_; not [,'il~, ·hyt the trial. took its course to donviotionr and he,."1.ce the sentence of four yea.rs irnprisomile..Dt 1. r~hose leedi ty will be c;:uest:'..oned at a:ppo:rtune time:, heroa.fter. ~!he c..ppellar:tJG~ was however a.?,?;riev·ed, 1?.r.d ho is n.ppcclinc~ He is rep1 osented, 1 by a ~-'8'bo:ra ba30d adv-ocaJce iclrc. ID/.Zr who fought seriously, that the crppeaJ. .. be cJ.lowedo IiCT,, fuaz 1 liarc'.ly toe'~ kincD.y the t.ric:J. Ma6i. st rate's Jv.dcem.ont J an.cl the oonri.o+,ion reached-, rr..,,~ 3:Jaz su1 mi ttod, that the appellant being tho m.omployee of CC!-1 1 whose du.tie~ r}.id nc t inol1.ti0 plot c:J.loca:tions_, lle..d. noth:i.1;-; to do, with the mo;'d;ers of his principaJ. • s cffnirs 7 CCM1 and therefore, he shoL1.ld have been ncgt,tl tJvcd. Ifo ad.d.cdI tb..--:,.t, even it were proved1 ~.;h,1.t tho appollt'Jlt w~s an agent of Govcrnrn-::-.nt~ it had not been proved that, thc•·,;b the appella,nt corruptly received the oh:."'.Xged ?JI10unt 1 oi ting case R VS CM.II.. .U9.fil .4.9:_JJ~R. .J[i'.J:• R, 188-:- Ile SLi..bmi tted .E'urther~ th.at 1 PW1 t being an accoi1\)licc in f the matter, W&s no~ cor:ro bore..ted, ::1s he should h.-J.ve beon 1 see mmµ:_ £3/.Q_~_m @it!JJJ~,l. §Lo hBi~l.Nl;. ~- R {1969_)__ ~~(2:.,.D. 2.~0

c.nc. tki.t 1 as, such oorrobort".J"ion .... /2. r -' was wo.n:i;in61 the conviction was very unsafe. i Mr. MvtvJ'Ilpoma, a learned l;tbe;be J._itorney a;;ipca:r:i.n,._~ for tho Republic supported conviction, in his suhll:i.ssions, dismissing the points ra.isod above, as not prejud,i<i;j..ng the comric-bion,. 9:ib.e :facts of tho casG, :first strdghtened, a.re as .follows. ~~ho o.ppcll.-:i.nt., was a CCI-i Brci,..11ch Beorctar;y, in Usiulizo Villn&e in Kab.3!Uc. Dis·bric-h, cs the oompla,inQ.lrb 0SE:11i.. BuSf;.GiJ.,,a, w2.s c. peo,satit, aloo rosida;.1tt of ·tb.o same villD.i30<, F'!t.2 J1.J1!J.[ff-1: l'i!ILIG~fE was a. ten ·cell lead.er, in that I nrea.. I"i; stands d.Gf?ing ohnl.1&..g, ,, th..,tt on tb.o 4/10/1990 1 on tnfo::-r::c:Hon rcccivocl by a. police offioor 1£'rom t;ic oompln:i.nDJ1t,. tha,t the appellw1"~ b..."il cor1'l.1J.::,t:ly nolioitccl nncl receive Sb \:l ,2 .. 000/=, for al.lo-wins him to 1:r..tlld n house, on tho plot bi·1·,hcrio giv-c· ·'-.o hi::1 by tho ten cell lead.e:r 1 ·bho o.ppcllc.nt war::::'! in his pocket found 1 ;_)ossossion of shillings 21,000/":'J ond he>..noo th, charge. ~ln0 CJ.)pella.t ; suppo :rt Gd by Di:72 IU•.SmmA CHD.ifYl:.IH1 and DW3 JO.BEF1:l: SUGA1 i1bila conced..:L:: -~ t;:ia:l; he wn.s indeed found in pooso.ssion, of the scicl Shs .. 12,000/=, her mair. \ ~.nedr the o.mo1-mt was payment f'o:r po1as soltl.. to -l:ihe complainant 1

tl'oviously,: Tho trial l<!agistrato rojected -tie above d.efcnce, directing himself, as :follo1-rs;,- nThe o.ocusod version that the money was for bu;p..11.g poles 7 is a story which ca...71. h.c.:rdJ.y be bolievcd.c- DW1 did. not tell us n.s to whym P}71 deci<.lcd to f'abrio~.t~ ih.ir:i .... ,.,,,f-1"'• .,'1,,.,-,, are not in bad tonns, aoco:ro;.ng to Im'1. llu:rthc:r more; being a0business tr~sa,etion 1 one e:x;peotGd to see that in tho :rooaiveing of Shs.. 121 000/=, the illc1.tte:r ougJ·.t to have been put in w:r:i. tin.;~ or at least in the p.roscnoe of •witnr-issos,: r~ T•1r,.n !"'~.(]•"1 11.u.r'...ng the agreoment o:f s· J.e of poles; but they were only two in t.b.e of:f enoo". ffi. th suoh roasoninc; 1 the tr:i al. Ma.:;i.strate ·went full speed; cJnd I t}# cl.so uithout due care o.nd o:ttontion, and found tho p:f1osecution7 had oi3tcibl;j,.~d its on.sa boyond re~sonable doubt: Md honco the comr.:i.otion as charged 1 c.nd. t~ attenili:lnt sentence., whoso logru.i t;r tbo, is subject to gµestion, _h0recl"1sc.r. 'tf.i. th doserved thanks 1 to lem.-ned counsels, fo:r. thoi.r oontribuitons 1 I sha.11 horounde:r fo:r oonvi~ence proceed hen.co, ·with the issues in tho 01--a.w:-, a.s _.a.rguod_. ~r th_e lea:rnad daf'once c0lIDRG, li'i_r~ Po·-"',z 1 • 1fhetli~~, .-_-1~ .WfJ!t~or:;~11~ . .. , . . :_,~•A 3 ap,olL'..lYhi as a. CCI,1 Yilluc;o Br,:snch SecrGtary, plot clloon.tion

and p 01•r,tl ts, :fo:r buildinrt Loti_ses 1 • Wci.s a mc..:t.tor in :rclo.:bion -1:o his prinoipcJ.s af'f cird 1 -2- whoJcher c.otnally 1 i,he e,pp01la.11t comlptly xoo<ri.vod the scid sum SJ::.s. 12 1000/= fi 01a -~;.:.a coL)J)la.inant PW1, ancl -3- w!;.o·l,J.10:r Fi1, e.s tho 1 give:r oi' n ~J:riJ.e, it in lnw w.'1 6,ccou11Jlic0, as ·to roqttlro 1 obedia.nce to tho 1:1'2.o-t::.00 1 tJ1.:tt h~,s J,.rsJ.'Llonod info lo.w, th,:1t evicl0;.100 by such accornplioo, m2:l.·I,or w>.:1.o'.J. is i:1 r<:JL'.'.°b:'..on ·~o ·:,ho 11L)Gllecnis rrincipc:ls affairs, the app.::illoY';; :.1ci;.12: t!:>.on 2, CCU oT.li)loJcc 7 i-7ctG Defore mo n. lo..boriously 0011.stos·i;oct law 1 SE,C::G ·t,o [l,~l::,WG:::' rL0.:;;~ ~iv ol~; 1 fo_r in;:;tc.\l1CO il1 t~10 0<.'.SOt of f'il.'11RICK s/o _ Il,{JIG_Q. J. Jt.Ci?.§})_ _ ~_._q:-_D_~_)~.O.~ •.4'1::J.1 j_-~, ~i('.C .1.::..:ild t.'i2.t n ton coll l0r:uio:r, cpn:ithy fv.nc~,ionr:.J:•2;, ;.:.:::7:L1.:,,; no lo::;'Gl :::·rJ~iO.l'S )I r1:r::cost, nl-tJ.:..ot:c:., .':co purported to hnve tJ.~.o c('J:J-'.lt -u1::l cor~v.y.,·&ls rccoivc:~. corrulJt mone;? wo..s :10·!; coYorcd 'by ·hho p:rovisiono of p0otion ..(_3) of ·:·.j_,.e.. I'revaniion __ of . C,:nTL}]_J ~l;:i_on }~<?.b-19.11; 2.nc: such w::,::i -~>.o C1:::'f;UJD.0ni :Ln ·b>.o 000a, of u1J1mi.rrrnu _LUG1UDW1.Zl:.. _v. R...l~~~~._cp:u~£ CR. l(??• F0_.2.1.,0qt_.:tJ.]?.T~ :::l9_:c:'.'.)_.__ fut in -l,!.,c

cnso of :p:tRTilCJ'QRJll.. PTJ:.E.[:Iq__ fllQ.~_EP:fJi:;c_O?. yi;_ /i;3..'f!_)µ/£1:,. }'P:('0 _(J~t39.LY.~J:,.•A~--."t9.~.t H, H:::s :wlcl ·t.:_:Lc.·b, CCM officiuJ.i::; 1 t".·i; 11aru. c.ncl D1v5.r.'lion~,l lovols pGrform Gove1•j_1r:101:i-h dt.'.tios, ·hoo, Pa:r·b?, uro ~;:,.oil' principolp I r..i1u. w0ro tl:tQroforc covc:;.'oc~ b~r oe,otion 3 of tJ:>.o P::c;vc;.rl,ion of Cor:rc:::•.,·i:ion Lot 1971 o I n,;_:i_s"t openly nnd honas·1;ly sJGntc t,.\u·i,, I h,w0· fou.r,cl ins1:iir;:i.t:i.on :from, the ca.so; D.I;.P~YS 'J:.IDSNJl'll fEJ:'E:!1(1930) '11.LoRo_.,193 .... _..i,fo r'..::y rww be 1 pol:i.-tiodly ancl Qconottlca1ly, at cross-:-r0::~cls; on c. travail to w::.ut l)oli-!·,ici~ns are . ca11inc d· or:100.ro.oy, . .. . . d J:>.&'10e an ' t'1.10 o.1ar1go:3, l " i:ru. .!G 1 00!...::i.,1::; . -tXl.C.!.': ' :i:or ,, g-e11ora·;:i.ons, ·1 • and at t.hu ::12,1;0.ri.::1,l tine, CTJ.1<1 a,1,31 bo s·!·,j_ll 1101-1, H is no·h difficu.l i to remesbor 1 JGJ,.o c;.,oivalo.noe i~1 ·h:.'.G ni:;_-,J.ic.:1tj_on of power 1Jetwcon tho Gov0r..1m.011t and t.L'.e Po.J:{;3; 1 -:- i;Jlo pa.rt2 N'l no1•G oconr:Jions than 110-i; 1 S';>ecld.:ng nnd 1:'..0·Gi1'lg more- pow·o:::..,.tdlj' -them t:10 covox;1:·,1c:;.rtr in ac'dvi 'Gi 00, -;~;3,. ,/G n.rclinarily woulcl 1 qUali:f'y _as Govo:rnmont .ac ·a·vi tioo. 'l JJi s section b.1is boc:1 :ropoa iod in t,ho· 8th oons-1-,i"tu:c,ionul amondIJ.oni; 1992.-

1'.:'" t~10 ma.-bori.::,1 ti,i10 the party was enjoi..'10cl {,o clasoly o,nrl ·-..of'fo~Uvoly supervise, ~,l~.o il:r9lomont.n.tion of oll plans, o..i.1.d. p:rojco·~s activi -bioc, of Govorru:1cnt. 1;.ncl in my viow, the pariy officir.ls ooulcl not c'..uovo, ':;]10 cihovo, in their view 1-r.i.JJ:10ut 7 1-tea:rinc; tho 'Cap of' Govo1"<j;J.n011t, as 1,;cll ~,!:.c cm,;: F'nrty Cap 0 · '110 dot1ons1,m:t.o t.bis fiU'•r.:o.r, ·fiho followine; is ('.;2'npl.tlcnlly clea.ro In this oe.so 1 if.10 appellant 1 ns Vill;130 CCil.f Socro·ba:r;y, is n. ncmbor of tho Villc.{-~o Ii.sao:-:1bly ill'lCl Villnc;o Cormo:i.1, n;.1cl i •i; i 0 cl ca.:i:: ·blJ.o:rofo:re, that ·hl1.o 4 appell211t, ~Jeint:; a villa.co brc;1oh Socrot2.r~rf by virt7.lo o:f his position 1 ho -;,ms a ruo:.1:Jor of villa,so cov.noil 1 ancl too tho secre'G.::i.ry theroof 0 mt for the fi.mdions of the =\[_i_lJ,qs.;;c Council, sue tLm 1_4.2__(.1) t ( 2 h of tho Loctl_ _9_ov-?._:r_p:,1.cnt (.Dist~~-~~'.r:.).oJ."'i tics kt Ho-,; 7 of.J982 provides "thus:- Section 142 ( ·i ) : l,. villc;ge council is tho organ in vthioh is v0stc(:!. cll cxcuti ve. powers in rcspooJG ·'.)f .all tl1e affairs, .:::.ncl busin0ss of a. village., 14~ (s)_: In i:\clcli•hion to n.rv functions conferred. U!1on i t 1 by er v.nd.cr tic· net, o~ c.n;r 0tJ10r writton 12.1,;t a villn-Ge council sJJ.c-,J.l - (c.) do all sL:oh c,cts 1 and things as

2..re neces2c:..ry; OJ.' CXJ_;cKtlont for the oconcmic 1 2.ncl social :i0volopmont of the ville.cc, (b) ini tiat0, o.ncl LU1c.l0rtoke ci,.rzy t.:::.sk 1 v011ture, or onte:rpriso designed to ensure, tho W:'"lJ f c..re an.cl well beii-ig of the rcsiQonts of the villogej (o) ?lah nn,1 co-o:::-dinate i~::, aotivi ics of 1 o.ncl .rcnC::.o:r assistan.00~ and .'.1.Clvise to tho rosicLon:ts of a villc:-.,ge 7 Ollgl'.f~ccl in ac;.T.:!.cul tu:rcl. 1 h:1rticul tural 1 forest:r~·, or OJ~L0r o.otiyityt or inustry or a,0~ l;:ind. 1 ( cl) E'.1cour2{;0 r0dc":.ents .')f t!:..c villago 7 cor.2unicl c.::n-'.:,21~:n'!i sc 0 ( o) -to :::2.:rticipo.;-~ c: c~;1 wa;; of partnership 1 o:r ru--;;; ot>.c:i:.· W::::J in oconor::ic cntc,rpriscs F.ro!il -l;!J.c -:i.bCY,-e; it is c~;c nn.i.i::cdly s3c:--. Yery clc:::rly 1 tb.o.t the Villo.co Council :,.a,s <.c:ocutj_vc po1rn:rs, in s-,wh villa,ge 1 it cont:r::ils aJ..1 tho econoL,:':..c c,n:7. oven sooiol ;J.Ctivi ·Hos of t::,e Vill2-eo 1 ;-,.ncl its Secrctr.,ry.1 must co.1--ro~?,ondingly bo -;,,iclcli.ng c:lot of powers, 2llcl ho :10iu.:D.ly docs oven extrc..v::i.gc:,ntly! a.ncl 1-ri.-i;lJ.uut r<•,so.rv·c.1,tions,. fut we Gli.ould also take caurngo J1so sao 7 tl:c:t t;1e villa::;e 1 B legclly ordc.in0cl aotivites 1 are a.otual.ly Govort1r.101Tt .fu.11etions, o.ncl (l,()tivi t:'.cs 1 but partl;r bcine implimentcd· by tl:..o Celli villc,.;c b:r"uTJ.Ch

secreta.r;j; - .J, party .functiomryo It follows in my humbla 11011 7 i.i.b.::i.t n.ri~, porson 1 wb.cthe:r rece:.ving pay, or not, who choosc:3 to take 1-:pon l:ri.ms0l:f 1 clutios ctlld responsibili ties 1 below"'"ing to the posii·,ion of' a pu.':Jlio sorv·a.."1.t) a.."ld po:r:forms tlloa1a1 duties.~ and 2.0013pts those, .5 ., ~'Y l' ... ,i I responsib:'... 1:1.tios 1 o..::1d. is :;.'oOc\;..Li.sd. c.s fil:.ing t::12: posi tL:m of a publio sel'IT;:1.11-t, mu:;:tli bo roGardec.l o..s one 1 and. it ·:looE: ;.1c:t lio in :.ris mouth, t.o say subsoc_tto.,.'1~--ly tb.3.ty :..1ot--wi t.hstancling .bis rerfoJ:'Dla,J'.lCo 7 of public dutios, and his :Jc:.;o,::r:u Uon b? - o·~l1ors <,:c such p;ir.fcrna11ce 1 he is not a public 'l.•'lt" servc111t., If such a con+.on-:;ion H0r0 all< WEd, anc.l ii!lO qt.lcmtion whetli.0-I' e. r.:an 110.ro n p1--..blic s0rvcsr1t 1 w!1ore to dcpen1, wholly upon the +,est of his recoiv:i.11(:;· o-:r not rocoivinc n : :'J.[],ry~ frcm a ctifferent orrrployer very :§;"'re..>t. - ...... - misc.'lioi'sr nncl clifficvJ."tios 0::12,·ht nris( 1 in a c.)untry like this, wh<::ire numoroL1.s pc.rr:i,Ji~s 1 a:re E;;"tr:i.11 G1.c;c.(;ccJ. a pcrf ,:,rma,1100 of p,.:.blic duties, whilo in tt.o p,:.-r\y 1 or ot:..1.erw:i.sc O::\:;o.c;::i'.. in ot.:--uc:: public sectors. In my vie"tft offici1.1J.s w>.c• o.c,oq)"t t,o -wor.:r mn.:1;:_r .'Sj_)01Jsih:l.~.iti0s or.;psr should

not be allowed. -to :r.·nc2,nt o.r,;;' of ·:,:1-J::;c Cet,iW vi:1en o.-::_,irlinal er oiYil law demn.nd that tJ~e:' account f;;r -J.,_ci::- ~-..:.::·:.:Lon ,,···c:~ w:1::ic wo3..;.---.j_nc;- ·b.ose caps or a:ny of t.l·•.er:1, bt .'.:.s:f'endvGl? ~c:;_ ·':>.)T :c:.L,c -~--/:;- l:· ·:.1:· ➔;c,·tio:cis o~-: cf.l.aJ.if.'icc:tion on the extent .'.)f r08;'.):JnFri.bili ty c.~:-f,o:.J. :1c,_~t - -,;,1 ·,l·: Cl"c por caps .. Bu·(. ao ~11::J\i"e ,:.0~:..o:1s . ';:--: . ,·. 7 s~"'.01,;, h, re 1'1.is no dema:i.'Cc.:tion bet11eo11 the i:,_,J. r·'·Vt/ ~ --:, ·,1,1 ~ov· ,-,r;or.,r:·:,;-~- ~"I""",],...,,, 1 ,· c.:.~•· """ ' ~ -.L:.-__...., l'l j .., '.·• ~..,. -.J .' ,.nyt:uns-, ·i;J10 Pn:r-t;{ powers J.." -...J \ ..,..L I)o •.7,,r:.L"'Pll·•1 CY''°( .,. -1 "'-"1" G'1 .:.J..J.n-t~i.J :.i,.,.,,._._,.,,;--•--n y .._, .. • • {.j V ·- . .... ~.i:,... .i.) 't,,;L ,..L t~ C l ·.. "l(' J. -;·,:i;" V ~s l anc"!. per:1ap s this - \::} .,;J.,.,. .i-.U.-~ • • ._._ IJ. was meant. -bo b:, so,, I·h f'ollows in r.;·- \'.tc~·/, as was hold in1 PEl'ER's oase (spra); aven in t_r_j_s 02so 1 t.1'.'3 appelL.,;::d;t ,;-~o::-e a.."'ld will:i.:ngly both caps;~ Part.;1 and Gc-VGr11ITient 1 wcro bis ~,ri11oi·;,als., It is m~; v:Low, -that the m.g.:tt~ which :L.~..:!:!1. E_o_;l.ation to y1:~E?:J2~s af:f_ai:;-.53..1.." should be c,"iven c>, bro_ader meanin.::; 11.e.v:in<..; considered ·hhc s·bruoi,u1'al organisation of

·c.he accuses principal, or how i,he economic structU!'G :i_ s -ocing mo.11agedt and tho pow~s, or ar1.·'.;l1DA-~y being e:x:crci.::::J. ,..," 'l"':'"'·re· ·.; the first issued, I am satifiod thai 1 in "1ij_1e villcige activi•1iics, +he CCH village s00:1:atary was at the material -1,ino, both a party an(l Govorrun :,nt a~entb 1'he llc.Ol:"b issue is whc·i:i~l.Gl.' tll-3 apDellc.nt did. oor1-untly rBceive the 1 . ~ . ainom1t., ~l ).10 e:i.:erpi: a1JOvo c:i.t,od, 11":1,s a vehicle for i;h0 t:rin.l Ivlagistratots travel ·to conviction., 21~10 ~coaons .p.vcn b,y the scid ti--:i.c:J. M..wstrate :for · •I,\ rejectinc; tho d.af'e110e, do nut ou.:-:-: ·· t!1.o seriousness, ancL necessary weigh·,·,, with 1'espoot.. First, if Pv;'1 ·t1or: ··o fc.b:-ioa·bo ·the case, iii is not because !. I the rea.0011 is not -!;hero! -'Ghe 2.ppc ln.r:rt, hnd claimedJ.y stopped -'lihe complainant, from 1:n.tilili...11.r_;, when he w.::..s so ~e· ,'J.y to dc-o 'Ilbis Waf:! not, somet.h:i.ng the compla.:Li.1.ai1t 1-rouJ.cl be h"'-PPY a.1Joutf 1o~foa·:so, for treating 1;ho appellant , endeai"'.iJ:1.gly. Seco11d;1 the ·hxiaJ. I~ -:irsl stra";e in boldly asserting, that aoooJ:'d.i.llg 1 to DW1, tho appellant and 00;.rplai.1:;,,nt ~-,e:~0 not in ba.rl ·terms, is wi tbout :recorded s-~1,Jport~ .£.nd -'GO n.rc-:uo nE 6 aid.i,-ely 1 against the appellant, t,llat ho shoulcJ. }iavo had witnesses in roooi 'ling Shs.

-12r,000/=, i:f it actually was . i 'i pey:men-:, for poles 7 or hav'e -'i;ho saire reduoed .in. wri ti?Jg1 is autragiously · inconsistelT~, with common poopler:: ne1Javiour in e:ver:; a.azy- life a.o:tivi tion1 •c/6 6 V\ where p_ersonal confidence, and or, fd tb. 1 botwoon tra.11s00,ting parties 1 is michtie:r t11&1 the pen and. paper and ·are r,1oro sacrnsa.nct 1 and may be for others it is the way of life till ki.ng::lom f',omco Wltllo iho above 1 · ---··· in my ~01-1 shows no conclusive evidence:, that the appellant received. the money corruptly, tb.orc is ·hho defence, tJ:iat wc..s llc".Xdly diluted by tho pmsooation, noi thex by tho prosecution ovid.oncc 1 · or by c:ross-:-exarnina;l;ion of Jcho aa;ipollant 7 and his def GOOo wi tnessor;~ by tl~c p:;:•osocv:tion 7 that tho Bhs., ·"12 1 000/=-- was p2J7mcnt for poles, tho pu.:::,c]~"l.sc fox wl:ri.oh 1 tho two p0.J:ties I 1.ic.vo s'"'ivcn, tl1e above pcinf'ul secr-u.tiny, and a.Uici.ous moments, a.11d I am 0011.fessedly unable to saJ.• t:.1at the evid.cnc0 w-as such as to exclude every r00..zo1'10.blo doubt, about t]::o cui.lJ, of -tllo appellant., In otb.e:r wo.rds 1 on tho a-viclo;.100 1 I arn. m1ablo to Si:\Yr tmt :s:.is.i 12 1 000/c received by the • appelln.nt, 11a.s not for p.:13ri,1ont for poles, and oonsequ.cntly and thereforo 1 I am un._-,_bl-3 to say, b.o rooc:brod the sa.rr,e cor:ruptl;yo In tho event, it is my

v-:i.ow 1 tJ.12..t tho p:rosooution c1i.d not, prove its case beyond roasonable doubt, il:.o appoe.l is allowod 1 conviction ancl quashodt and sont0i."lc0 sot · aside~ :(•ho aj_)~H31.lo.nt to bo roloa.sod forthwi th1 unless ho.ii·s otherwise legally b.olcl.. J)clivorad th.is 16th d:.131 o:f JuJ.y 1 1993,-. E.,!1r; K.ATITI 1 Jl:"'J)GE 16 /7 /,993 P2..rti0st fir, .Wc-:.urigu:ru --- St2:ho l.i.itorncy for Ropubiic