LAW Nº 71/2024 OF 26/06/2024 GOVERNING PERSONS AND FAMILY — Part 2 | 71/2024 OF 26/06/2024 — Rwanda law | Esheria

LAW Nº 71/2024 OF 26/06/2024 GOVERNING PERSONS AND FAMILY

Part 2 of 3 · provisions 201–400

This article says the law governs persons, family, matrimonial regimes, donations, and successions.

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Jurisdiction
Rwanda
Instrument
Act or statute
Citation
71/2024 OF 26/06/2024
Status
In force
Version
Undated source snapshot
Language
mul
Updated
Official source
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abandoned property absence absence declaration absentee persons acts and validity administrative appeals adoption adoption consent adoption records adoption registration advisory role affidavits age of majority agency/mandate alimony annulment appeals applicable law asset division asset management assisted reproduction birth presumption birth records birth registration +261 more

Statute overview

About this statute

This article says the law governs persons, family, matrimonial regimes, donations, and successions. This article defines key terms used in the law, including residence, domicile, child, family, property, civil status, adoption, and parental authority. No one may use private agreements or other legal acts to override laws protecting human rights, public order, or Rwandan good morals. Foreign laws, judgments, legal acts, and private agreements made abroad have no effect in Rwanda if they conflict with public order, social interest, or Rwandan good morals. This article says a Rwandan’s status and capacity are governed by Rwandan law, with a choice of law for a dual-national Rwandan domiciled abroad, and a foreigner in Rwanda is generally governed by their home-country law unless they have no nationality.

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Provisions of LAW Nº 71/2024 OF 26/06/2024 GOVERNING PERSONS AND FAMILY

Showing 200 of 405

  1. 201

    Ibigomba kwitabwaho mbere

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    AI-assisted research summary: Before officiating a marriage, the civil registrar must verify that all marriage conditions are fulfilled.

    Ingingo ya 201: Ibigomba kwitabwaho mbere yo gushyingira Article 201: Necessary considerations prior to marriage celebration Article 201: Considérations nécessaires avant la célébration du mariage Ingingo ya 201: Ibigomba kwitabwaho mbere yo gushyingira Article 201: Necessary considerations prior to marriage celebration Article 201: Considérations nécessaires avant la célébration du mariage Mbere y’imihango y’ishyingira, umwanditsi niba w’irangamimerere ibyangombwa byose bijyanye n’ishyingira byujujwe. asuzuma Prior to officiating at the marriage, the civil registrar verifies if all conditions related to marriage are fulfilled. Avant de procéder à la célébration du mariage, l’officier de l’état civil vérifie que toutes les conditions relatives au mariage sont remplies.
  2. 202

    Kugena umunsi n’isaha

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    AI-assisted research summary: The intending spouses and the civil registrar agree on the date and time for the marriage ceremony.

    Ingingo ya 202: Kugena umunsi n’isaha ishyingira riberaho Article 202: Fixing the date and time for officiating at the marriage Article 202: Fixation de la date et de l’heure de célébration du mariage Ingingo ya 202: Kugena umunsi n’isaha ishyingira riberaho Article 202: Fixing the date and time for officiating at the marriage Article 202: Fixation de la date et de l’heure de célébration du mariage bumvikana gushyingiranwa Abashaka n’umwanditsi w’irangamimerere umunsi n’isaha azabashyingiriraho. The intending spouses agree with the civil registrar on the date and time he or she will officiate their marriage. Les futurs époux s’accordent avec l’officier de l’état civil sur la date et l’heure auxquelles il célébrera leur mariage. Ingingo abazashyingirwa ya 203: Gutangaza
  3. 203

    Gutangaza abazashyingirwa

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    AI-assisted research summary: The civil registrar must publish notice of a marriage at least 20 days before the wedding, and may shorten or skip publication only in exceptional circumstances.

    Ingingo ya 203: Gutangaza abazashyingirwa Article 203: Publication of marriage Article 203: Publication du mariage Article 203: Publication of marriage Article 203: Publication du mariage (1) Umwanditsi w’irangamimerere ashyira itangazo ku biro by’irangamimerere by’aho ishyingira rizabera no ku rubuga rw’ikoranabuhanga bishoboka rw’aho rw’urwego ishyingira rizabera nibura iminsi 20 mbere y’ishyingira. rw’irangamimerere aho (1) The civil registrar posts a notice at the office of the civil registry where the marriage will be celebrated and at the website of the civil registry organ where applicable at least 20 days before the marriage (1) L’officier de l’état civil affiche une annonce au bureau de l’officier de l’état civil du lieu de la célébration du mariage et au site web de l’organe de l’état civil si possible au moins 20 jours avant le mariage. (2) Iyo abashaka gushyingiranwa bashaka gushyingirirwa aho badatuye cyangwa umwanditsi w’irangamimerere baba, umwanditsi abimenyesha w’irangamimerere w’aho abashaka gushyingiranwa batuye n’uw’aho baba (2) If the intending spouses wish to celebrate their marriage at the place other than their domicile or residence, the civil registrar notifies the civil registrar of the residence and of the domicile of the intending spouses also for publication. (2) Lorsque les futurs époux désirent célébrer leur mariage dans un lieu autre que leur domicile ou résidence, l’officier de l’état civil notifie l’officier de l’état civil du domicile et celui de la résidence des futurs époux pour qu’ils procèdent aussi à la 182 Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 kugira ngo na bo babitangaze. publication. (3) Umwanditsi w’irangamimerere, kubera impamvu ashobora zidasanzwe, kugabanya igihe cyo gutangaza ishyingira giteganyijwe mu gika cya (1) cy’iyi ngingo cyangwa gushyingira hatabayeho abisabwe ishyingira gutangaza n’abashaka gushyingiranwa. (3) The civil registrar may, for exceptional circumstances, for shorten in publication of marriage provided for Paragraph (1) of this Article or celebrate marriage without publication upon request by the intending spouses. the period (3) L’officier de l’état civil peut, pour des circonstances exceptionnelles, abréger le délai de publication du mariage prévu au paragraphe (1) du présent article ou célébrer le mariage sans publication à la demande des époux. (4) Impamvu ziteganyijwe mu gika (3) cy’iyi ngingo umwanditsi w’irangamimerere yashingiyeho zigomba kugaragazwa mu itangazo kandi zikandikwa mu nyandiko y’ishyingirwa. Mu habayeho kudatangaza gushyingira, bikorwa iyo bibanje n’abahagarariye imiryango y’abashaka gushyingiranwa babiri kuri buri ruhande. kwemezwa gihe (4) The circumstances provided for in Paragraph (3) of this Article on which the civil registrar relied on must be indicated in the notice and registered in the register of marriage records. In case there is a marriage without publication, two is done with prior approval of it representatives of the families from each side of the intending spouses. (4) Les circonstances prévues au paragraphe (3) du présent article sur lesquelles l’officier de l’état civil s’est appuyé doivent être indiquées dans l’annonce et inscrites au registre des actes de mariage. Dans le cas où il y a un mariage sans publication, il se fait avec deux représentants des familles de chaque côté des futurs époux. préalable l’accord de (5) Ishyingira ritabaye mu mezi atatu nyuma y’irangira cyateganywaga ry’igihe n’itangazo, ntiriba rikibaye batongeye kuritangaza mu buryo buteganywa mu gika cya (1) cy’iyi ngingo. (5) Marriage that is not celebrated within three months after the expiry of the period provided for by the notice does not take place without re-publication in the manner provided for in Paragraph (1) of this Article. (5) Le mariage qui n’est pas célébré endéans trois mois à compter de l’expiration du délai prévu par l’annonce n’a pas lieu sans nouvelle publication de manière prévue au paragraphe (1) du présent article.
  4. 204

    Ibikubiye mu itangazo

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    AI-assisted research summary: A marriage notice must list the intending spouses’ names, domicile, residence, and parents’ names, and state the date, place, time, and civil registrar’s office for the marriage.

    Ingingo ya 204: Ibikubiye mu itangazo ry’ishyingira Article 204: Content of the marriage notice Article 204: Contenu de mariage l’annonce de Ingingo ya 204: Ibikubiye mu itangazo ry’ishyingira Article 204: Content of the marriage notice Article 204: Contenu de mariage l’annonce de (1) Itangazo ry’ishyingira rikubiyemo – (1) The marriage notice that includes – (1) L’annonce de mariage qui comprend – (a) amazina y’abashaka gushyingiranwa; (a) names of the intending spouses; (a) les noms des futurs époux; 183 Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 (b) aho abashaka gushyingiranwa batuye n’aho baba; (b) domicile and spouses; and residence of intending (b) le domicile et la résidence des futurs époux; et (c) n’amazina y’ababyeyi. (c) parents names. (c) les noms des parents. (2) Itangazo ry’ishyingira rigaragaza umunsi, imihango y’ishyingira by’irangamimerere n’ibiro ahantu n’isaha izabera izaberamo. (2) The marriage notice indicates the date, place and time for celebration of the marriage and the civil registrar’s office where the marriage will be celebrated. (2) L’annonce de mariage indique le jour, le lieu et l’heure de la célébration du mariage et le bureau de l’état civil où le mariage sera célébré.
  5. 205

    Gusobanurira abagiye

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    AI-assisted research summary: The civil registrar must give intending spouses detailed instructions at least seven days before the marriage and explain their rights, duties, and matrimonial regimes. If needed, the registrar must also arrange special assistance for spouses with disabilities.

    Ingingo ya 205: Gusobanurira abagiye inshingano gushyingirwa uburenganzira, n’uburyo y’umutungo w’abashyingiranywe bw’imicungire Article 205: Explanations on rights, duties and to types of matrimonial regimes intending spouses Article 205: Explications sur les droits, devoirs et types de régimes matrimoniaux aux futurs époux Ingingo ya 205: Gusobanurira abagiye gushyingirwa uburenganzira, inshingano n’uburyo y’umutungo w’abashyingiranywe bw’imicungire Article 205: Explanations on rights, duties and types of matrimonial regimes to intending spouses Article 205: Explications sur les droits, devoirs et types de régimes matrimoniaux aux futurs époux inyigisho (1) Umwanditsi w’irangamimerere, nibura hasigaye iminsi irindwi mbere y’umunsi w’umuhango w’ishyingira, ategura kandi irambuye abagomba agaha akabasobanurira gushyingirwa, uburenganzira n’inshingano by’abashyingiranywe n’imiterere ya buri y’umutungo buryo w’abashyingiranywe. bw’imicungire (1) The civil registrar, at least seven days before the date of celebration of the marriage, prepares and provides the intending spouses with detailed instruction and explains them rights and duties of spouses and the nature of each type of matrimonial regime. (1) L’officier de l’état civil, au moins sept jours avant le jour de la célébration du mariage, prépare et donne un enseignement détaillé aux futurs époux, tout en leur expliquant les droits et devoirs des époux et la nature de chaque type de régime matrimonial. (2) Iyo umwe mu bagiye gushyingirwa cyangwa bombi, afite ubumuga bwo kutumva, ubwo kutavuga, ubwo kutabona cyangwa ubukomatanyije, umwanditsi w’irangamimerere agena uburyo bwo kumufasha by’umwihariko. (2) If one or both intending spouses have hearing impediment, vision impairment, impairment or multiple disabilities, the civil registrar determines modalities to help the person with disability in particular. speech (2) Lorsque l’un des futurs époux ou les deux ont un handicap de surdité, de mutisme, de cécité ou un handicap complexe, l’officier de l’état civil détermine les modalités pour en assister particulier. la personne handicapée 184 Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024
  6. 206

    Kwanga gushyingira

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    AI-assisted research summary: A civil registrar must refuse to officiate a marriage if there is legal evidence of an impediment, and must record the refusal and immediately inform the intending spouses.

    Ingingo ya 206: Kwanga gushyingira Article 206: Refusal to officiate at the marriage Article 206: Refus de célébrer le mariage Icyiciro cya 3: Imihango n’ibimenyetso by’ishyingira Section 3: Celebration and evidence of marriage Section 3: Célébration et preuve du mariage Ingingo ya 206: Kwanga gushyingira Article 206: Refusal to officiate at the marriage Article 206: Refus de célébrer le mariage (1) Mbere y’ishyingira, iyo umwanditsi w’irangamimerere abonye ikimwemeza ko hari inkomyi iteganywa n’itegeko, yanga gushyingira. Icyo gihe, abikorera inyandiko kandi agahita abimenyesha abashaka gushyingirwa. (1) Prior to officiate at the marriage, if the civil registrar finds legal evidence to bar that marriage, he or she refuses to officiate at the marriage. In this case, he or she issues a note thereof and immediately informs the intending spouses. (1) Avant la célébration du mariage, lorsque l’officier de l’état civil a la preuve qu’il existe un empêchement prévu par la loi, il refuse de célébrer le mariage. Dans ce cas, il en dresse acte et en informe immédiatement les futurs époux. umwe mu (2) Iyo umwanditsi w’irangamimerere yanze gushyingira, bashaka gushyingirwa ashobora kujuririra ukuriye umwanditsi w’irangamimerere. Iyo atishimiye cyafashwe, ikirego urukiko rubifitiye ashyikiriza rukakiburanisha ku buryo ububasha bw’ibirego byihutirwa. icyemezo (3) Umwanditsi w’irangamimerere ntashobora kongera kwanga gushyingira, iyo urukiko rwemeje ko impamvu yatanze abyanga idafite ishingiro. (2) If the civil registrar refuses to officiate at the marriage, one of the intending spouses may appeal before the immediate supervisor of the civil registrar. If he or she is not satisfied with the decision taken, the matter is referred to the competent court which settles it by summary proceedings. (2) Lorsque l’officier de l’état civil refuse de célébrer le mariage, l’un des futurs époux le supérieur peut faire recours devant hiérarchique de l’officier de l’état civil. Lorsqu’il n’est pas satisfait de la décision prise, l’affaire est introduite devant la juridiction compétente qui statue par voie de référé. (3) The civil registrar may not refuse to officiate at the marriage if his or her reasons are found unjustified by the court. (3) L’officier de l’état civil ne peut refuser de célébrer le mariage lorsque ses motifs sont déclarés injustifiés par la juridiction. Icyiciro cya 3: Imihango n’ibimenyetso by’ishyingira Section 3: Celebration and evidence of marriage Section 3: Célébration et preuve du mariage
  7. 207

    Imihango y’ishyingira

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    AI-assisted research summary: Marriage is celebrated before the civil registrar with family representatives and adult witnesses, followed by an oath and the registrar’s declaration.

    Ingingo ya 207: Imihango y’ishyingira Article 207: Celebration of marriage Article 207: Célébration du mariage ya Ingingo bw’imicungire w’abashyingiranywe 208: Kwandika uburyo y’umutungo Ingingo ya 207: Imihango y’ishyingira Article 207: Celebration of marriage Article 207: Célébration du mariage (1) Buri wese mu bashaka gushyingiranwa aherekejwe n’umuntu umwe uhagarariye umuryango n’abatangabuhamya babiri bagejeje ku myaka y’ubukure bafite uburenganzira mbonezamubano baza (1) Each of the intending spouses accompanied by a representative of the family and two adult witnesses enjoying civil rights appear before the civil registrar. (1) Chacun des futurs époux accompagnés d’un représentant de la famille et de deux témoins jouissant de droits civils majeurs et comparaissent devant l’officier de l’état civil. 185 Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 imbere y’umwanditsi w’irangamimerere. (2) Umwanditsi w’irangamimerere abasomera zerekeye akanabibutsa irangamimerere uburenganzira n’imirimo nshinganwa y’abashyingiranwa. inyandiko yabo (3) Abashaka gushyingiranwa bemera buri wese ko umwe abereye undi umugabo undi akamubera umugore mu ndahiro ikurikira: (2) The civil registrar reads for them documents related to their civil status and reminds them rights and duties of spouses. (2) L’officier de l’état civil leur fait la lecture des documents relatifs à leur état civil et leur rappelle les droits et devoirs des époux. (3) The intending spouses declare to be each other’s husband and wife as per the following oath: (3) Les futurs époux se déclarent mari et femme selon le serment en ces termes: icyo amategeko “Jyewe …………………………… maze kumva ategeka abashyingiranwe, nemeye nta gahato ko ............ umbera umugore/umugabo wowe tukazabana kandi dukurikije uko amategeko ya Repubulika y’u Rwanda abiteganya”. twabyiyemeje uko “I ………………............................, having heard what the law requires the spouses, agree without any coercion that you ............................................ be my wife/husband and we live together as per our agreement and in accordance with the law of the Republic of Rwanda”. «Moi ………………………………… après lecture faite à moi des devoirs imposés par la loi à chacun des époux, j’accepte sans contrainte de te prendre, toi ……………………….. pour époux/épouse selon l’engagement que nous avons pris et selon la loi de la République du Rwanda». et vivre avec toi (4) Nyuma y’indahiro y’abashyingiranywe, umwanditsi w’irangamimerere ababwira ko bashyingiwe hakurikijwe amategeko muri aya magambo: (4) After the oath of spouses, the civil registrar declares that they are legally married in the following terms: “Jyewe ………………….. umwanditsi w’irangamimerere wa ……… maze kumva amasezerano ya …… na … bagiranye imbere yanjye mu ruhame rwa benshi, nshingiye kandi ku bubasha mpabwa n’amategeko, “I ……………………………............. the civil registrar of .............................. having heard the vows made between ....................................... and ................................ as agreed in my presence and in public, pursuant to powers conferred to me by 186 (4) Après le serment des époux, l’officier de sont leur déclare qu’ils l’état civil légalement mariés en ces termes: …………………………………., «Moi, officier de de ……………………………. après avoir entendu les vœux exprimés en ma présence et devant le public entre ……..………………………… et l’état civil Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 kuva ko nemeje bashyingiranywe abiteganya”. ubu nk’uko .... na ..... amategeko law, hereby declare the …………………………….. …………………………. accordance with the law”. that from are married today and in en des …………………………… pouvoirs qui me sont conférés par la loi, je déclare et ………………….…………… maintenant unis par les liens du mariage conformément à la loi». …………………….…….. vertu (5) Indahiro ikorwa y’abashyingiranywe kw’iburyo ukuboko bazamuye bakurambuye naho indahiro y’umwanditsi w’irangamimerere azamuye ukuboko kw’iburyo akurambuye afashe ry’Igihugu n’ukuboko ibendera ku kw’ibumoso. umwanditsi Iyo w’irangamimerere adashoboka gufata ibendera kubera ubumuga araryambikwa. ikorwa y’ishyingirwa (6) Inyandiko umukono w’irangamimerere, uhagarariye n’abatangabuhamya babiri. buri ishyirwaho n’umwanditsi abashyingiranwa, muryango (5) Spouses take oath when raising the right arm while the oath of the civil registrar is taken when he or she is raising the right arm, with the left arm holding the national flag. If the civil registrar is unable to hold the flag due to disability, he or she is caused to wear it. (5) Le serment des époux se fait la main droite levée alors que le serment de l’officier de l’état civil se fait la main droite levée, la main gauche tenant concomitamment le drapeau national. Lorsque l’officier de l’état civil ne peut pas porter le drapeau suite à un handicap, on le lui fait porter. (6) The marriage record is signed by the civil registrar, the spouses, the representative of each family and two witnesses. (6) L’acte de mariage est signé par l’officier de l’état civil, les époux, le représentant de chaque famille et deux témoins.
  8. 208

    Recording

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    AI-assisted research summary: The chosen matrimonial regime must be recorded on the day of marriage, and it is not publicly declared.

    Article 208: Recording matrimonial regime the type of Article 208: Inscription du type de régime matrimonial Ingingo ya 208: Kwandika uburyo bw’imicungire y’umutungo w’abashyingiranywe Article 208: Recording the type of matrimonial regime Article 208: Inscription du type de régime matrimonial (1) Ku munsi w’ishyingirwa, uburyo y’umutungo bw’imicungire w’abashyingiranywe bahisemo bwandikwa mu gitabo cy’inyandiko z’abashyingiranywe no mu nyandiko uburyo y’ishyingirwa. Icyakora, (1) On the the day of marriage, type of matrimonial regime chosen by the spouses is recorded in the register of marriage records and on the marriage records. However, the type of matrimonial regime chosen by spouses is not publicly declared. (1) Le jour de la célébration du mariage, le type de régime matrimonial choisi par les époux est inscrit au registre des actes de mariage ainsi qu’à l’acte de mariage. Toutefois, le type de régime matrimonial choisi par les époux n’est pas déclaré publiquement. 187 Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 bw’imicungire abashyingiranywe ntibutangazwa mu ruhame. y’umutungo bahisemo (2) Uburyo bw’imicungire w’abashyingiranywe gukurikizwa bakimara gushyingirwa. y’umutungo butangira (2) The type of matrimonial regime takes effect immediately after marriage. (2) Le type de régime matrimonial prend effet la conclusion du immédiatement après mariage. Ingingo ya cy’ishyingirwa 209: Ikimenyetso
  9. 209

    Ikimenyetso cy’ishyingirwa

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    AI-assisted research summary: Marriage is proved by a marriage record, but if that record cannot be obtained, a judgment may replace it.

    Ingingo ya 209: Ikimenyetso cy’ishyingirwa Article 209: Evidence of marriage Article 209: Preuve du mariage 27 Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 Ishyingirwa cya Icyiciro ry’abanyamahanga cyangwa ishyingirwa hagati y’Umunyarwanda n’umunyamahanga rikorewe mu Rwanda 4: Section 4: Marriage of foreigners or marriage between a Rwandan and a foreigner celebrated in Rwanda Section 4: Mariage des étrangers ou le mariage entre un Rwandais et un étranger célébré au Rwanda Ingingo y’abanyamahanga ribereye mu Rwanda Ishyingirwa hagati 210: ya Article 209: Evidence of marriage Article 209: Preuve du mariage Ishyingirwa y’ishyingirwa. y’ishyingirwa mpamvu iyo gusimburwa n’urubanza. n’inyandiko rihamywa Icyakora, inyandiko iyo idashoboye kuboneka ku ishobora ari yo yose, Marriage is certified by a marriage record. However, if the marriage record is not obtained for any reason, it may be replaced by a judgment. Le mariage se prouve par l’acte de mariage. Toutefois, lorsque l’acte de mariage fait défaut pour quelque motif que ce soit il peut être suppléé par un jugement. 4: cya Icyiciro Ishyingirwa ry’abanyamahanga cyangwa ishyingirwa hagati y’Umunyarwanda n’umunyamahanga rikorewe mu Rwanda Section 4: Marriage of foreigners or marriage between a Rwandan and a foreigner celebrated in Rwanda Section 4: Mariage des étrangers ou le mariage entre un Rwandais et un étranger célébré au Rwanda
  10. 210

    Marriage between foreigners

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    AI-assisted research summary: Marriage between foreigners celebrated in Rwanda is governed by Rwandan law for formal requirements, and by other laws for substantive issues, residence-based rights, and property effects in the stated cases.

    Article 210: Marriage between foreigners celebrated in Rwanda Article 210: Mariage entre étrangers célébré au Rwanda ya Ingingo 211: y’umunyamahanga ribereye mu Rwanda Ishyingirwa hagati n’umunyarwanda Ingingo ya 210: y’abanyamahanga ribereye mu Rwanda Ishyingirwa hagati Article 210: Marriage between foreigners celebrated in Rwanda Article 210: Mariage entre étrangers célébré au Rwanda Ishyingirwa ry’abanyamahanga ribereye mu Rwanda rigengwa n’ibi bikurikira: The marriage between foreigners celebrated in Rwanda is governed by the following: Le mariage entre étrangers célébré au Rwanda est régi par ce qui suit: (a) ku byerekeye imihango y’ishyingira, hakurikizwa itegeko ry’u Rwanda; (a) with regard to formal requirements for marriage, the Rwandan law applies; (a) quant aux conditions de forme du mariage, la loi du Rwanda s’applique; (b) ku byerekeye ibisabwa by’ishingiro, (b) with regard to substantive requirements, 188 (b) quant aux conditions de fond, la loi Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 hakurikizwa itegeko ry’igihugu cya buri wese mu bashyingiranwa iyo amategeko bitabangamiye ndemyagihugu n’imyifatire mbonezabupfura y’Abanyarwanda; (c) ku bireba uburenganzira bwa buri ishyingirwa iyo nta masezerano hakurikizwa muntu bukomoka ku n’ubw’abana, bagiranye ubwabo, itegeko ry’aho baba; (d) ku byerekeye inkurikizi ku mutungo wabo, iyo abashyingiranywe nta buryo bw’imicungire y’umutungo bahisemo, ry’aho uwo itegeko hakurikizwa mutungo uri. the national law of each of the spouses applies if it does not contravene rules of public order and good morals of Rwandans; nationale de chaque époux s’applique lorsqu’elle ne porte pas atteinte aux règles d’ordre public et aux bonnes mœurs des Rwandais; (c) with regard to the matrimonial right of each person and the right of children, when there is no common agreement, the law of the country where they reside applies; (c) quant au droit matrimonial de chaque personne et au droit des enfants, en l’absence de convention commune, la loi du pays où ils résident s’applique; (d) with regard to effects on their property, in the absence of type of matrimonial regime chosen by spouses, the law of the country where the property is located applies. (d) quant aux effets sur le patrimoine des époux, en l’absence de type de régime matrimonial choisi par les époux, la loi du pays où se situe le patrimoine s’applique.
  11. 211

    Marriage between a foreigner

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    AI-assisted research summary: A marriage between a foreigner and a Rwandan celebrated in Rwanda is governed by Rwandan law for formal requirements, and by Rwandan law for the Rwandan spouse plus the foreigner’s home-country law for substantive requirements, unless that foreign law conflicts with Rwandan public order or morals.

    Article 211: Marriage between a foreigner and a Rwandan celebrated in Rwanda Article 211: Mariage entre un étranger et un Rwandais célébré au Rwanda Ishyingirwa Icyiciro cya ry’Abanyarwanda ishyingirwa hagati y’Umunyarwanda n’umunyamahanga rikorewe mu mahanga 5: cyangwa Section 5: Marriage of Rwandans or marriage between a Rwandan and a foreigner celebrated in a foreign country Section 5: Mariage des rwandais ou mariage entre un Rwandais et un étranger célébré à l’étranger ya Ingingo 212: y’umunyamahanga ribereye mu mahanga Ishyingirwa hagati n’Umunyarwanda Ingingo ya 211: y’umunyamahanga ribereye mu Rwanda Ishyingirwa hagati n’umunyarwanda Article 211: Marriage between a foreigner and a Rwandan celebrated in Rwanda Article 211: Mariage entre un étranger et un Rwandais célébré au Rwanda hagati Ishyingirwa n’Umunyarwanda rigengwa n’ibi bikurikira: y’umunyamahanga ribereye mu Rwanda The marriage between a foreigner and a Rwandan celebrated the following: is governed by in Rwanda Le mariage entre un étranger et un Rwandais célébré au Rwanda est régi par ce qui suit: (a) itegeko ry’u Rwanda, ku byerekeranye (a) the Rwandan law, with regard to formal (a) la loi du Rwanda, quant aux conditions n’imihango y’ishyingirwa; requirements for marriage; de forme du mariage; (b) ku byerekeye ibisabwa by’ishingiro, hakurikizwa itegeko ry’u Rwanda ku bireba Umunyarwanda n’iry’igihugu (b) with regard to substantive requirements, the Rwandan law applies for a Rwandan and the law of the country of the foreigner (b) quant aux conditions de fond, la loi du Rwanda s’applique pour le Rwandais et la loi du pays de l’étranger s’applique 189 ku bireba cy’umunyamahanga umunyamahanga iyo bitabangamiye ndemyagihugu amategeko n’imyifatire mbonezabupfura y’Abanyarwanda. 5: Ishyingirwa Icyiciro cya ishyingirwa ry’Abanyarwanda cyangwa hagati y’Umunyarwanda n’umunyamahanga rikorewe mu mahanga
  12. 212

    Marriage between a Rwandan

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    AI-assisted research summary: A marriage between a Rwandan and a foreigner celebrated abroad is governed by the law of the country where the marriage is celebrated for formal requirements, and by Rwandan law for the Rwandan’s substantive requirements.

    Article 212: Marriage between a Rwandan and a foreigner celebrated abroad Article 212: Mariage entre un Rwandais et un étranger célébré à l’étranger Ingingo y’Abanyarwanda ribereye mu mahanga Ishyingirwa hagati 213: ya Ingingo ya 212: y’umunyamahanga ribereye mu mahanga Ishyingirwa hagati n’Umunyarwanda Ishyingirwa n’Umunyarwanda rigengwa n’ibi bikurikira: ry’umunyamahanga ribereye mu mahanga (a) itegeko ry’igihugu gushyingirwa byerekeye imihango y’ishyingira; isezerano ryabereyemo, ryo ku Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 applies for a foreigner if it does not contravene rules of public order and good morals of Rwandans. pour l’étranger lorsqu’elle ne porte pas atteinte aux règles d’ordre public et aux bonnes mœurs des Rwandais. Section 5: Marriage of Rwandans or marriage between a Rwandan and a foreigner celebrated in a foreign country Section 5: Mariage des rwandais ou mariage entre un Rwandais et un étranger célébré à l’étranger Article 212: Marriage between a Rwandan and a foreigner celebrated abroad Article 212: Mariage entre un Rwandais et un étranger célébré à l’étranger The marriage between a Rwandan and a foreigner celebrated abroad is governed by the following: Le mariage entre un Rwandais et un étranger célébré à l’étranger est régi par ce qui suit: (a) the law of the country where the marriage to formal is celebrated, with regard requirements for marriage; (a) la loi du pays de la célébration du mariage quant aux conditions de forme du mariage; (b) itegeko ry’u Rwanda ku byerekeye ku by’ishingiro ibisabwa Munyarwanda. (b) the Rwandan to substantive requirements for a Rwandan. law with regard (b) la loi du Rwanda quant aux conditions de fond pour un Rwandais.
  13. 213

    Marriage between Rwandans

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    AI-assisted research summary: Marriage between Rwandans celebrated abroad is governed by Rwandan law when it takes place in a Rwandan embassy; otherwise, formal requirements follow the law of the country of celebration and substantive requirements follow Rwandan law.

    Article 213: Marriage between Rwandans celebrated abroad Article 213: Mariage entre les Rwandais célébré à l’étranger Ingingo ya 213: y’Abanyarwanda ribereye mu mahanga Ishyingirwa hagati Article 213: Marriage between Rwandans celebrated abroad Article 213: Mariage entre les Rwandais célébré à l’étranger (1) Iyo ishyingirwa hagati y’Abanyarwanda ribereye mu mahanga, iyo bikorewe muri (1) If the marriage between Rwandans is celebrated abroad in a Rwandan embassy, it is 190 (1) Lorsque le mariage entre les Rwandais est célébré à l’étranger dans une ambassade du Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 rigengwa y’u Rwanda, ambasade n’itegeko ry’u Rwanda ku byerekeye imihango n’ibisabwa y’ishyingira by’ishingiro. governed by the Rwandan law with regard to formal and substantive requirements. Rwanda, il est régi par la loi du Rwanda quant aux conditions de forme et de fond. (2) Iyo ishyingirwa ribereye mu gihugu kitarimo uhagarariye u Rwanda mu mahanga, hakurikizwa itegeko ry’igihugu isezerano ryabereyemo ku byerekeye imihango y’ishyingira n’itegeko ry’u Rwanda ibisabwa ku by’ishingiro. byerekeye Ingingo ya kw’ishyingirwa ryakorewe mu mahanga 214: Kwemerwa ry’Abanyarwanda (1) Ishyingirwa ry’umugabo umwe n’umugore umwe rikorewe mu mahanga mu buryo bwubahirije amategeko yaho ryemerwa mu Rwanda. (2) If the marriage is celebrated in a foreign country where is no Rwandan there representative, the law of the country where marriage is celebrated applies with regard to formal requirements and the Rwandan law applies with substantive regard requirements. to (2) Lorsque le mariage est célébré à l’étranger dans un pays où le Rwanda n’a pas de représentation, la loi du pays où le mariage est célébré s’applique quant aux conditions de forme et la loi du Rwanda s’applique quant aux conditions de fond.
  14. 214

    Kwemerwa kw’ishyingirwa

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    AI-assisted research summary: A monogamous marriage between a man and a woman that was legally celebrated abroad is recognised in Rwanda, and the civil registrar must enter it in the marriage register.

    Ingingo ya 214: Kwemerwa kw’ishyingirwa ry’Abanyarwanda ryakorewe mu mahanga Article 214: Recognition of the marriage of Rwandans celebrated abroad Article 214: Reconnaissance du mariage des Rwandais célébré à l’étranger Icyiciro cya 6: Gutambamira ishyingira Section 6: Opposition to the marriage Section 6: Opposition au mariage Article 214: Recognition of the marriage of Rwandans celebrated abroad Article 214: Reconnaissance du mariage des Rwandais célébré à l’étranger (1) Monogamous marriage between a man and a woman legally celebrated abroad is recognised in Rwanda. (1) Le mariage monogamique entre un homme et une femme légalement célébré à l’étranger est reconnu au Rwanda. (2) Ishyingirwa riteganyijwe mu gika cya (1) cy’iyi ngingo rigomba kwandikwa mu gitabo z’ishyingirwa n’umwanditsi w’irangamimerere w’u Rwanda. cy’inyandiko (2) The marriage provided for in Paragraph (1) of this Article must be entered in the register of marriage records by the civil registrar of Rwanda. (2) Le mariage prévu au paragraphe (1) du présent article doit être inscrit au registre des actes de mariage par l’officier de l’état civil du Rwanda. (3) Iyo ry’Abanyarwanda ishyingirwa rinyuranyije ryakorewe mu mahanga n’amategeko ndemyagihugu n’imyifatire y’Abanyarwanda, mbonezabupfura (3) If the marriage of Rwandans celebrated abroad contravenes rules of public order and good morals of Rwandans, it is not recognised in accordance with provisions of this Law. (3) Lorsque le mariage des Rwandais célébré à l’étranger porte atteinte aux règles d’ordre public et aux bonnes mœurs des Rwandais, il n’est pas reconnu conformément aux 191 Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 ntiryemerwa hakurikijwe n’iri tegeko. ibiteganywa dispositions de la présente loi. Icyiciro cya 6: Gutambamira ishyingira Section 6: Opposition to the marriage Section 6: Opposition au mariage
  15. 215

    Uburenganzira bwo

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    AI-assisted research summary: An interested person has the right to oppose a marriage.

    Ingingo ya 215: Uburenganzira bwo gutambamira ishyingira Article 215: Right to oppose the marriage Article 215: Droit d’opposition au mariage 28 Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 Ingingo ya 215: Uburenganzira bwo gutambamira ishyingira Article 215: Right to oppose the marriage Article 215: Droit d’opposition au mariage Uburenganzira bwo gutambamira ishyingira bufitwe n’umuntu ubifitemo inyungu. The right to oppose the marriage is endowed to an interested person. Le droit d’opposition au mariage appartient à une personne intéressée.
  16. 216

    Uburyo bwo gutambamira

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    AI-assisted research summary: A marriage opposition may be made orally or in writing to the civil registrar before the marriage happens.

    Ingingo ya 216: Uburyo bwo gutambamira ishyingira Article 216: Procedure marriage to oppose the Article 216: Procédure d’opposition au mariage Ingingo ya 216: Uburyo bwo gutambamira ishyingira Article 216: Procedure to oppose the marriage Article 216: Procédure d’opposition au mariage (1) Gutambamira ishyingira bikorwa mu magambo cyangwa mu nyandiko ku mwanditsi w’irangamimerere igihe cyose ishyingira ritaraba. (1) Opposition to the marriage is made either orally or in writing before the civil registrar as long as the marriage has not yet been celebrated. (1) L’opposition faite au mariage verbalement ou par écrit devant l’officier de l’état civil tant que le mariage n’a pas encore eu lieu. est (2) Abashaka nyandiko gushyingirwa bashobora gukuraho kujuririra mu icyemezo cy’itambamira ry’ishyingira k’ukuriye umwanditsi w’irangamimerere akabaha igisubizo mu gihe kitarenze iminsi itanu y’akazi ibarwa uhereye ku munsi bajuririyeho. (2) The intending spouses may appeal in writing against the opposition decision to the marriage before the immediate supervisor of the civil registrar who gives answer to them within five working days from the date of the appeal. (2) Les futurs époux peuvent faire appel par écrit contre la décision d’opposition au mariage devant le supérieur hiérarchique de l’officier de l’état civil qui leur répond endéans cinq jours ouvrables à compter de la date de l’appel. (3) Mu gihe abashaka gushyingiranwa cy’ukuriye batishimiye w’irangamimerere umwanditsi cy’itambamira ry’ishyingira cyangwa iyo badahawe igisubizo, batanga ikirego mu icyemezo (3) In case the intending spouses are not satisfied with the decision of the immediate supervisor of the civil registrar or if they do not receive answer, they file a complaint before the competent court of the place where the 192 (3) Dans le cas où les futurs époux ne sont pas satisfaits de la décision du supérieur hiérarchique de l’officier de l’état civil ou s’ils ne reçoivent pas de réponse, ils déposent une action devant la juridiction rubifitiye ububasha rw’aho rukiko ishyingira kubera kikaburanishwa ku buryo bw’ibirego byihutirwa. rigomba Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 marriage must take place which settles it by summary proceedings. compétente du lieu où le mariage doit avoir lieu qui statue par voie de référé.
  17. 217

    Impamvu zo gutambamira

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    AI-assisted research summary: Opposition to a marriage may be based on at least one listed ground.

    Ingingo ya 217: Impamvu zo gutambamira ishyingira Article 217: Grounds for opposition to the marriage Article 217: Motifs de mariage l’opposition au Ingingo ya 217: Impamvu zo gutambamira ishyingira Article 217: Grounds for opposition to the marriage Article 217: Motifs de mariage l’opposition au Gutambamira ishyingira bishobora gushingira nibura kuri imwe mu mpamvu zikurikira: Opposition to the marriage may be motivated by at least one of the following grounds: L’opposition au mariage peut être motivée par au moins l’un des motifs suivants: (a) kubura kwa kimwe mu bisabwa cyangwa byerekeye imihango ishingiro by’ishyingira; (a) lack of one of the formal and substantive (a) le manque de l’une des conditions de requirements for marriage; forme ou de fond du mariage; (b) kuba hari umwe mu miziro (b) existence of one of the prohibitions to (b) l’existence de l’une des prohibitions au y’ishyingirwa. marriage. mariage.
  18. 218

    Inkurikizi zo gutambamira

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    AI-assisted research summary: If a ground for opposing a marriage is shown under the Law, the marriage is suspended.

    Ingingo ya 218: Inkurikizi zo gutambamira ishyingira Article 218: Effects of opposition to marriage Article 218: Effets de l’opposition au mariage Ingingo ya 218: Inkurikizi zo gutambamira ishyingira Iyo hagaragajwe impamvu yo gutambamira ishyingira iteganywa n’iri tegeko, ishyingirwa rirahagarara. Article 218: Effects of opposition to marriage Article 218: Effets de l’opposition au mariage If there is a ground for opposition to marriage provided by this Law, the marriage is suspended. Lorsqu’il y a un motif d’opposition au mariage prévu par la présente loi, le mariage est suspendu.
  19. 219

    Usaba ko itambamira rivaho

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    AI-assisted research summary: One of the intending spouses may lodge the claim for waiver of opposition.

    Ingingo ya 219: Usaba ko itambamira rivaho Article 219: Applicant for the waiver of opposition Article 219: Demandeur de mainlevée de l’opposition Ingingo ya 219: Usaba ko itambamira rivaho Article 219: Applicant for the waiver of opposition Article 219: Demandeur de mainlevée de l’opposition Ikirego gisaba ko itambamira rivaho gitangwa n’umwe mu bashaka gushyingiranwa. The claim for the waiver of opposition is lodged by one of the intending spouses. L’action en mainlevée de l’opposition est intentée par l’un des futurs époux. 193 Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024
  20. 220

    Ivanwaho ry’inkurikizi zo

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    AI-assisted research summary: The effects of an opposition to marriage stop if the reason for the opposition no longer exists, or if a supervisor’s decision or a judgment removes the opposition.

    Ingingo ya 220: Ivanwaho ry’inkurikizi zo gutambamira ishyingira Article 220: Waiver of effects of opposition to the marriage Article 220: Cessation des effets de l’opposition au mariage Ingingo ya 220: Ivanwaho ry’inkurikizi zo gutambamira ishyingira Article 220: Waiver of effects of opposition to the marriage Article 220: Cessation des effets de l’opposition au mariage Inkurikizi zo zivanwaho iyo – gutambamira ishyingira Effects of opposition to the marriage cease to exist if – Les effets de l’opposition au mariage cessent d’être lorsque – (a) impamvu yateye itambamira itakiriho; (a) the ground for opposition no longer exists; (a) le motif d’opposition n’existe plus ; ou or (b) cyangwa umwanditsi cyangwa itambamira. icyemezo cy’ukuriye w’irangamimerere bivanyeho urubanza (b) the decision of the immediate supervisor of the civil registrar or the judgment remove the opposition. (b) la décision du supérieur hiérarchique de l’officier de l’état civil ou le jugement annule l’opposition.
  21. 221

    Urubanza rwerekeye

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    AI-assisted research summary: A court hearing an opposition-to-marriage case must decide it by summary proceedings.

    Ingingo ya 221: Urubanza rwerekeye itambamira ry’ishyingira Article 221: Judgment on opposition to marriage 221: Article l’opposition au mariage Jugement concernant Ingingo ya 221: Urubanza rwerekeye itambamira ry’ishyingira Article 221: Judgment on opposition marriage to Article 221: l’opposition au mariage Jugement concernant (1) Urukiko ruregewe ko itambamira rivaho ruca urubanza mu buryo bw’ibirego byihutirwa. hasabwa ishingiro, guhagarara (2) Iyo urukiko rwemeje ko gutambamira ishyingira ishyingira bifite rikomeza igihe bigaragaye ko ibyangombwa byaburaga kugira ngo ishyingira ribe bibonetse cyangwa ko impamvu zabuzaga iryo shyingira zitakiriho. kugeza (1) The court to which the matter of the waiver of opposition to marriage settles the matter by summary proceedings. (1) La juridiction saisie de l’action en mainlevée de l’opposition statue par voie de référé. (2) If the court confirms the opposition, the marriage continues to be suspended until it becomes clear that the missing requirements for marriage are satisfied or the grounds that prohibited marriage no longer exist. (2) Lorsque la juridiction confirme l’opposition, le mariage reste suspendu jusqu’à ce qu’il devienne évident que des conditions nécessaires qui manquaient pour le mariage sont remplies ou que des motifs qui interdisaient le mariage n’existent plus. (3) Iyo urukiko rwemeje ko gutambamira ishyingira bidafite ishingiro, rushobora uwari guca z’akababaro indishyi (3) If the court declares that the opposition is unfounded, it may order the opponent in bad faith to pay damages. 194 (3) Lorsque la que juridiction l’opposition n’est pas fondée, elle peut condamner l’opposant de mauvaise foi aux déclare Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 waritambamiye ku bw’inabi. dommages et intérêts.
  22. 222

    Kumenyesha

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    AI-assisted research summary: A judgment confirming an opposition to marriage, or lifting it, must be notified to each intended spouse and to the civil registrar who would perform the marriage.

    Ingingo ya 222: Kumenyesha cyerekeye itambamira ry’ishyingira icyemezo Article 222: Notification of the judgment on opposition to marriage Article 222: Signification du concernant l’opposition au mariage jugement Icyiciro cya 7: Guta agaciro kw’ishyingirwa Section 7: Nullity of marriage Section 7: Nullité de mariage Akiciro ka mbere: Guta kw’ishyingirwa mu buryo budasubirwaho agaciro Subsection One: Absolute nullity of marriage Sous-section première: Nullité absolue du mariage ya Ingingo zituma gushyingirwa bita agaciro mu buryo budasubirwaho Impamvu 223: Ingingo ya 222: Kumenyesha icyemezo cyerekeye itambamira ry’ishyingira Article 222: Notification of the judgment on opposition to marriage Article 222: Signification du concernant l’opposition au mariage jugement cyangwa cy’ukuriye umwanditsi Icyemezo w’irangamimerere urubanza rwemeza itambamira cyangwa ururikuraho bimenyeshwa buri wese mu bashaka n’umwanditsi gushyingiranwa kimwe w’irangamimerere wagombaga kubashyingira. A judgment confirming the opposition or the waiver is notified to each intending spouse and to the civil registrar who would officiate at the marriage. Le jugement qui confirme l’opposition ou la mainlevée est signifié à chacun des futurs époux et à l’officier de l’état civil qui devait célébrer le mariage. Icyiciro cya kw’ishyingirwa 7: Guta agaciro Section 7: Nullity of marriage Section 7: Nullité de mariage Akiciro agaciro ka mbere: Guta kw’ishyingirwa mu buryo budasubirwaho Subsection One: Absolute nullity of marriage Sous-section première: Nullité absolue du mariage ya 223: Ingingo zituma gushyingirwa bita agaciro mu buryo budasubirwaho Impamvu
  23. 223

    Causes of absolute nullity of

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    AI-assisted research summary: This article lists the grounds for absolute nullity of a marriage.

    Article 223: Causes of absolute nullity of marriage Article 223: Causes de nullité absolue du mariage 29 Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 Article 223: Causes of absolute nullity of marriage Article 223: Causes de nullité absolue du mariage (1) Impamvu zituma habaho guta agaciro mu buryo budasubirwaho ni izi zikurikira: (1) Causes of absolute nullity are the following: (1) Les causes de nullité absolue sont les suivantes: (a) ishyingirwa umwe mu ribaye bashyingiranywe atarageza ku myaka 21 byatangiwe igihe uburenganzira; uretse (a) marriage entered into when either of the spouses is under the age of 21 unless if the authorisation was granted; (a) le mariage contracté alors que l'un des conjoints est âgé de moins de 21 ans, sauf si l'autorisation a été accordée; (b) ishyingirwa ry’abafitanye isano (b) marriage between relatives by kinship or 195 (b) le mariage entre personnes ayant un lien Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 ishingiye ku buvandimwe cyangwa ishingiye ku gushyingiranwa ku rwego rubujijwe; in-laws up to the prohibited degree; de parenté ou alliés au degré prohibé; (c) gushyingiranwa bwa kabiri, (c) bigamy; ishyingirwa rya mbere ritaraseswa; (c) la bigamie; (d) igihe ishyingirwa ryakozwe umwe mu (d) marriage entered into without consent of (d) le mariage contracté en l’absence du bashyingiranwe atabyemera. either of the spouses. consentement de l’un des époux. (2) Ikirego cyo gutesha agaciro ishyingirwa kubera impamvu iteganywa mu gika cya (1)(d) ntibishobora kuregerwa iyo abashyingiranywe babanye nibura amezi atandatu akurikirana. ngingo cy’iyi
  24. 224

    Ufite ububasha bwo gutanga

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    AI-assisted research summary: A spouse or an interested person may file a claim for absolute nullity of marriage.

    Ingingo ya 224: Ufite ububasha bwo gutanga ikirego cyo gutesha agaciro ishyingirwa mu buryo budasubirwaho Article 224: Person entitled to file a claim for absolute nullity of marriage Article 224: Personne habilitée à intenter une action en nullité absolue du mariage Ingingo ya 224: Ufite ububasha bwo gutanga ikirego cyo gutesha agaciro ishyingirwa mu buryo budasubirwaho Ikirego cyo gutesha agaciro ishyingirwa mu buryo budasubirwaho gitangwa n’umwe mu cyangwa undi muntu bashyingiranywe ubifitemo inyungu. Article 224: Person entitled to file a claim for absolute nullity of marriage Article 224: Personne habilitée à intenter une action en nullité absolue du mariage A claim for absolute nullity of marriage is lodged by either of the spouses or an interested person. L’action en nullité absolue du mariage appartient à l’un des époux ou une personne intéressée.
  25. 225

    Inkurikizi zo gutesha agaciro

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    AI-assisted research summary: A marriage declared absolutely null is treated as if it never existed, children still keep marriage-related rights, and the court sets parents’ obligations toward the children.

    Ingingo ya 225: Inkurikizi zo gutesha agaciro ishyingirwa ku buryo budasubirwaho Article 225: Effects of absolute nullity of marriage Article 225: Effets de la nullité absolue du mariage Akiciro ka 2: Guta agaciro kw’ishyingirwa mu buryo bushobora gusubirwaho Subsection 2: Relative nullity of marriage Sous-section 2: Nullité relative du mariage Ingingo ya 225: Inkurikizi zo gutesha buryo agaciro budasubirwaho ishyingirwa ku (2) Claim for nullity of marriage for the cause provided for in Paragraph (1)(d) of this Article is not initiated in case there has been a continuous cohabitation for at least six consecutive months. (2) L’action en nullité du mariage pour la cause prévue au paragraphe (1)(d) du présent article ne peut plus être intentée lorsqu’il y a eu cohabitation continue pendant au moins six mois. Article 225: Effects of absolute nullity of marriage Article 225: Effets de la nullité absolue du mariage (1) Ishyingirwa riteshejwe agaciro ku buryo budasubirwaho rifatwa nk’aho ritigeze ribaho uhereye ku munsi isezerano ryo (1) An absolute nullified marriage is presumed to have never existed as of the date the marriage contract was entered into. 196 (1) Le mariage frappé de nullité absolue est considéré comme n’ayant jamais existé à compter du jour de sa célébration. gushyingirwa ryakoreweho. Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 (2) Ishyingirwa ritaye agaciro riha abana uburenganzira burikomokaho kabone n’iyo abashyingiranywe bombi baba barabigiranye uburiganya. Urukiko rugena inshingano z’ababyeyi ku bana cy’urubanza nk’uko rw’ubutane. bigenda igihe (2) The marriage declared null grants to children from that marriage all rights related to marriage, even if none of the spouses was of good faith. The court determines obligations of parents towards children as in the divorce judgment. (2) Le mariage déclaré nul accorde aux enfants issus de ce mariage tous les droits liés au mariage, même si aucun des époux n'était de bonne foi. La juridiction détermine les obligations des parents à l’égard des enfants telles que prévues dans le jugement de divorce. Akiciro ka 2: Guta agaciro kw’ishyingirwa mu buryo bushobora gusubirwaho Subsection 2: Relative nullity of marriage Sous-section 2: Nullité relative du mariage ya 226: Ingingo ishyingirwa bushobora gusubirwaho zituma Impamvu rita agaciro mu buryo
  26. 226

    Impamvu zituma ishyingirwa

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    AI-assisted research summary: This article lists the causes of relative nullity of a marriage.

    Ingingo ya 226: Impamvu zituma ishyingirwa bushobora rita gusubirwaho agaciro mu buryo Article 226: Causes of relative nullity of marriage Article 226: Causes de nullité relative du mariage Article 226: Causes of relative nullity of marriage Article 226: Causes de nullité relative du mariage (1) Impamvu zituma ishyingirwa rita agaciro mu buryo bushobora gusubirwaho ni izi zikurikira: (1) Causes of relative nullity of marriage are the (1) Les causes de nullité relative du mariage following: sont les suivantes: (a) kwemera gufite inenge k’umwe mu (a) vitiated consent of one of the spouses; (a) le vice de consentement de l’un des bashyingiranywe; époux; (b) ishyingirwa ritabereye mu ruhame; (b) clandestine marriage celebration; (b) la clandestinité de la célébration du mariage; (c) ishyingirwa ryakozwe n’umwanditsi utabifitiye cyangwa undi muntu w’irangamimerere ububasha wihaye ububasha; (c) incompetence of the civil registrar or usurpation of power by any other person; (c) l’incompétence de l’officier de l’état civil ou l’usurpation de fonctions; 197 (d) indi mpamvu kutubahiriza imigendekere y’ishyingiranwa. ibisabwa yaturuka ku byerekeye Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 (d) any other reason that may be related to lack of fulfilment of formal requirements for marriage. (d) l’autre motif qui pourrait être lié au non- respect des conditions de forme du mariage. (2) Kwemera kuba gufite inenge iyo umwe mu yemeye bashyingiranywe gushyingirwa kubera kwibeshya ku muntu, yabeshywe cyangwa yahatiwe kubyemera. (2) There is vitiated consent if consent of one of the spouses has been given by mistake as to the person, trapped by fraud or extorted by violence. (2) Il y a vice de consentement lorsque le consentement de l’un des époux a été donné par erreur sur la personne, surpris par le mauvais dol ou extorqué par violence. (3) Ishyingirwa guteshwa ntirishobora agaciro ku buryo bushobora gusubirwaho iyo abashyingiranywe babanye amezi atandatu igihe impamvu agaciro ituma yamenyekaniyeho. akurikirana uhereye rita
  27. 227

    Uwemerewe gutanga ikirego

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    AI-assisted research summary: Only one spouse may file a lawsuit seeking relative nullity of the marriage.

    Ingingo ya 227: Uwemerewe gutanga ikirego kigamije gutesha agaciro ishyingirwa mu buryo bushobora gusubirwaho Article 227: Person entitled to file a lawsuit for relative nullity of marriage Article 227: Personne habilitée à intenter une action en nullité relative du mariage Ingingo ya 227: Uwemerewe gutanga agaciro kigamije ikirego ishyingirwa mu bushobora gusubirwaho gutesha buryo (3) Relative nullity of marriage is impossible in case there has been a continuous cohabitation for at least six consecutive months from the date the cause for nullity was known. (3) La nullité relative est impossible lorsqu’il y a eu cohabitation continue pendant six mois au moins à compter de la date de la connaissance de la cause de nullité. Article 227: Person entitled to file a lawsuit for relative nullity of marriage Article 227: Personne habilitée à intenter une action en nullité relative du mariage Ikirego kigamije gutesha agaciro ishyingirwa mu buryo bushobora gusubirwaho gitangwa gusa n’umwe mu bashyingiranywe.
  28. 228

    Inkurikizi zo gutesha agaciro

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    AI-assisted research summary: Only one of the spouses may bring a claim for relative nullity of the marriage.

    Ingingo ya 228: Inkurikizi zo gutesha agaciro ishyingirwa bushobora gusubirwaho buryo ku Article 228: Effects of relative nullity of marriage Article 228: Effets de la nullité relative du mariage Akiciro ka 3: Ingingo zihuriweho ku gutesha agaciro ishyingirwa Subsection 3: Common provisions to nullity of marriage Sous-section 3: Dispositions communes à la nullité du mariage Ingingo ya 228: Inkurikizi zo gutesha agaciro ishyingirwa ku buryo bushobora gusubirwaho (1) Ishyingirwa riteshejwe agaciro mu buryo bushobora gusubirwaho rigira inkurikizi A claim for relative nullity of marriage is lodged only by one of the spouses. L’action en nullité n’appartient qu’à l’un des époux. relative du mariage Article 228: Effects of relative nullity of marriage Article 228: Effets de la nullité relative du mariage (1) The relative nullity of marriage produces effects since it came into existence until the 198 (1) Le mariage frappé de nullité relative produit les effets depuis son existence jusqu’à Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 zaryo kuva igihe ryatangiriye kugeza igihe hatangiwe ikirego gisaba kuritesha agaciro. (2) Ishyingirwa ryateshejwe agaciro ku buryo bushobora rishobora gusubirwaho kongera gukorwa bundi bushya mu gihe impamvu zariteye zivuyeho. claim for marriage nullity is lodged. l’introduction de l’action en nullité du mariage. (2) The relative nullity of marriage may be contracted again when the causes for nullity cease to exist. (2) Le mariage frappé de nullité relative peut être contracté à nouveau lorsque les causes de nullité n’existent plus. Akiciro ka 3: Ingingo zihuriweho ku gutesha agaciro ishyingirwa Subsection 3: Common provisions to nullity of marriage Sous-section 3: Dispositions communes à la nullité du mariage
  29. 229

    Inkurikizi zo gutesha agaciro

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    AI-assisted research summary: If a court declares a marriage null, it has the same effects for the spouses when the marriage was entered into in good faith, and the spouses’ property is shared according to the matrimonial regime they chose.

    Ingingo ya 229: Inkurikizi zo gutesha agaciro ishyingirwa ku mutungo Article 229: Effects of nullity of marriage on property Article 229: Effets de la nullité du mariage sur le patrimoine Ingingo abashyingiranywe nta buriganya bagize Gukeka 230: ya ko Ingingo ya 229: Inkurikizi zo gutesha agaciro ishyingirwa ku mutungo Article 229: Effects of nullity of marriage on property Article 229: Effets de la nullité du mariage sur le patrimoine rifite, Iyo urukiko rwemeje ko ishyingirwa nta ku gaciro inkurikizi rigira bashyingiranywe ku buryo bumwe iyo ryakozwe nta buriganya. Kugabana umutungo w’abashyingiranywe bikorwa hakurikijwe uburyo y’umutungo w’abashyingiranywe bahisemo. bw’imicungire Ingingo abashyingiranywe nta buriganya bagize Gukeka 230: ya ko If the court declares a marriage null, it produces same effects towards spouses if it was contracted in good faith. The sharing of the spouses’ property is done in accordance with the type of matrimonial regime chosen by the spouses. Lorsque la juridiction déclare que le mariage est nul, le mariage produit les mêmes effets aux époux lorsqu’il a été contracté de bonne foi. Le partage du patrimoine des époux se fait conformément au type de régime matrimonial choisi par les époux.
  30. 230

    Presumption of spouses’ good

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    AI-assisted research summary: A spouse is presumed to have married in good faith unless the court says otherwise when annulling the marriage.

    Article 230: Presumption of spouses’ good faith Article 230: Présomption de bonne foi des époux 30 Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 Article 230: Presumption of spouses’ good faith Article 230: Présomption de bonne foi des époux Habaho gukeka ko uwashyingiranywe nta buriganya yagize mu ishyingirwa uretse iyo urukiko rutangaje ko yagize uburiganya mu gihe rutesha agaciro ishyingirwa. There is presumption that a spouse contracted the marriage in good faith unless if the court, while nullifying the marriage, declares that he or she contracted the marriage in bad faith. Il y a présomption qu’un époux a contracté le mariage de bonne foi sauf lorsque lors de l’annulation du mariage, la juridiction déclare qu’il a contracté le mariage de mauvaise foi. 199 Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024
  31. 231

    Inkurikizi zo gutesha agaciro

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    AI-assisted research summary: If a marriage is nullified for bad faith, the nullity still affects the bad-faith spouse, children keep marriage-related rights, parental rights and duties remain, and the court decides child custody.

    Ingingo ya 231: Inkurikizi zo gutesha agaciro ishyingirwa ryaranzwemo uburiganya Article 231: Effects of nullity of marriage contracted in bad faith Article 231: Effets de la nullité du mariage contracté de mauvaise foi Ingingo ya 231: Inkurikizi zo gutesha agaciro ryaranzwemo uburiganya ishyingirwa Article 231: Effects of nullity of marriage contracted in bad faith Article 231: Effets de la nullité du mariage contracté de mauvaise foi (1) Iyo ishyingirwa ryaranzwemo kw’iryo uburiganya, shyingirwa ku washyingiwe wagize uburiganya kuva ku munsi w’ishyingirwa. guta kugira inkurikizi agaciro (2) Ishyingirwa riteshejwe agaciro riha abana bwose uburenganzira barikomokaho bukomoka ku ishyingirwa. riteshejwe (3) Ishyingirwa agaciro ku z’uburiganya mpamvu rigenera bw’abashyingiranywe bombi bwose abana teshagaciro burikomokaho. ntirikuraho uburenganzira n’imirimo nshinganwa y’ababyeyi ku bana. uburenganzira kandi Iryo (1) If the marriage was contracted in bad faith, its nullity produces effects towards spouse who had bad faith from the date of marriage. (1) Lorsque le mariage a été contracté de mauvaise foi, son annulation produit les effets à l’époux qui a été de mauvaise foi depuis le jour du mariage. (2) The nullified marriage grants to children from that marriage all rights related to marriage. (2) Le mariage frappé de nullité garantit aux enfants issus de ce mariage tous les droits en rapport avec mariage. (3) The nullified marriage contracted in bad faith of both spouses grants to children all rights related to that marriage. That nullification does not waive parental rights and duties towards children. (3) Le mariage annulé contracté de mauvaise foi par les deux époux garantit aux enfants tous les droits en rapport avec le mariage. Cette nullité n’enlève pas non plus les droits et devoirs des parents envers les enfants. (4) Urukiko rwemeza uko abana bazarerwa (4) The court decides on custody of the children as (4) La juridiction statue sur la garde des enfants nk’uko bigenda igihe cy’ubutane. it is in divorce process. comme dans le processus de divorce.
  32. 232

    Kwandika urubanza rutesha

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    AI-assisted research summary: A judgment annulling a marriage must be entered in the marriage register, and the court registrar must notify the civil registrar where the marriage took place.

    Ingingo ya 232: Kwandika urubanza rutesha agaciro ishyingirwa Article 232: Registration of a judgment annulling a marriage Article 232: Transcription d’un jugement annulant le mariage Icyiciro cya 8: Inkurikizi z’ishyingirwa Section 8: Effects of marriage Section 8: Effets de mariage Ingingo ya 232: Kwandika urubanza rutesha agaciro ishyingirwa Article 232: Registration of a annulling a marriage judgment Article 232: Transcription d’un jugement annulant le mariage (1) Urubanza rutesha agaciro ishyingirwa rwandikwa mu gitabo cy’inyandiko (1) The judgment annulling a marriage is recorded (1) Le jugement annulant le mariage est inscrit in the register of marriage records. au registre des actes de mariage. 200 z’ishyingirwa. Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 (2) Umwanditsi w’urukiko rwaciye ku rwego rwa nyuma urubanza rw’ikirego kigamije gutesha agaciro ishyingirwa amenyesha umwanditsi w’irangamimerere w’aho icyemezo ishyingirwa ryabereye agaciro cy’urukiko ishyingirwa. gutesha cyo (2) The court registrar of the court that decided at the last instance the case for annulment of marriage provides the civil registrar of the place where the marriage was celebrated with the court decision annulling the marriage. (2) Le greffier de la juridiction ayant statué en dernier ressort sur l’affaire d’annulation de mariage fournit à l’officier de l’état civil du lieu de la célébration du mariage de la décision de la juridiction d’annulation du mariage. (3) Inyandiko mpine y’urubanza rutesha agaciro ishyingirwa ishobora gutangazwa mu Igazeti ya Leta ya Repubulika y’u Rwanda cyangwa mu gitangazamakuru gikurikirwa na benshi mu Rwanda kigenwa na Perezida w’urukiko rwaciye ku rwego rwa nyuma urubanza rw’ikirego ishyingirwa kigamije gutesha agaciro bari bisabwe barashyingiranywe umuntu ubifitemo inyungu. mu cyangwa n’umwe (3) The extract of the judgment annulling the marriage may be published in the Official Gazette of the Republic of Rwanda or in a media with in Rwanda large audience determined by the President of the court that decided at the last instance the case annulling the marriage upon request by one of the spouses or an interested person. (3) L’extrait du jugement annulant le mariage peut être publié au Journal officiel de la République du Rwanda ou dans un média ayant un large public au Rwanda déterminé par le Président de la juridiction qui a statué l’affaire instance en d’annulation du mariage à la demande de l’un des époux ou d’une personne intéressée. dernière sur Icyiciro cya 8: Inkurikizi z’ishyingirwa Section 8: Effects of marriage Section 8: Effets de mariage
  33. 233

    Igihe ishyingirwa ritangirira

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    AI-assisted research summary: A marriage becomes valid when it is celebrated before a civil registrar.

    Ingingo ya 233: Igihe ishyingirwa ritangirira kugira agaciro Article 233: Commencement of validity of marriage Article 233: Commencement de la validité du mariage Ingingo ya 233: ritangirira kugira agaciro Igihe ishyingirwa Article 233: Commencement of validity of marriage Article 233: Commencement de la validité du mariage Ishyingirwa rigira agaciro uhereye ryakorewe w’irangamimerere. igihe y’umwanditsi imbere Marriage is valid from the time it is celebrated before a civil registrar. Le mariage est valide dès sa célébration devant l’officier de l’état civil. 201 ya Ingingo n’inshingano bikomoka ku gushyingirwa 234: Uburenganzira by’abashyingiranywe Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024
  34. 234

    Uburenganzira n’inshingano

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    AI-assisted research summary: Spouses must comply with the rights and duties that come from the marriage, whatever matrimonial property regime they choose.

    Ingingo ya 234: Uburenganzira n’inshingano by’abashyingiranywe ku gushyingirwa bikomoka Article 234: Rights and duties of spouses arising from the marriage Article 234: Droits et devoirs des époux découlant du mariage Article 234: Rights and duties of spouses arising from the marriage Article 234: Droits et devoirs des époux découlant du mariage Abashyingiranywe bubahiriza uburenganzira ku n’inshingano gushyingirwa buryo bw’imicungire y’umutungo bahisemo. bikomoka ku byabo hatitawe Spouses comply with their rights and duties arising from type of the matrimonial regime chosen by spouses. the marriage regardless Les époux se conforment à leurs droits et devoirs découlant du mariage quel que soit le type de régime matrimonial choisi par les époux.
  35. 235

    Uburinganire hagati

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    AI-assisted research summary: Spouses have equal rights and duties, including mutual fidelity, help, and assistance.

    Ingingo ya 235: Uburinganire hagati y’abashyingiranywe Article 235: Equality of spouses Article 235: Égalité des époux Ingingo ya 235: Uburinganire hagati y’abashyingiranywe Article 235: Equality of spouses Article 235: Égalité des époux (1) Abashyingiranywe bafite uburenganzira (1) Spouses have the same rights and duties. (1) Les époux ont les mêmes droits et devoirs. n’inshingano bingana. (2) Abashyingiranywe kudahemukirana, gufashanya. gutabarana bagomba no (2) Spouses must owe each other mutual fidelity, (2) Les époux se doivent mutuellement fidélité, help and assistance. secours et assistance.
  36. 236

    Inshingano yo kubana

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    AI-assisted research summary: Marriage creates a duty for spouses to live together. A spouse may file for divorce if the marriage is not followed by cohabitation within six months without valid reason, or if there is irrefutable evidence after the marriage that cohabitation will not happen.

    Ingingo ya 236: Inshingano yo kubana Article 236: Duty of cohabitation Article 236: Devoir de cohabitation Ingingo ya 236: Inshingano yo kubana Article 236: Duty of cohabitation Article 236: Devoir de cohabitation (1) Gushyingirwa guha abashyingiranywe inshingano yo gusangira ubuzima kandi bakabana. (2) Ugushyingirwa kudakurikiwe no kubana mu gihe cy’amezi atandatu nta mpamvu umwe mu ifite ishingiro bashyingiranywe bwo gusaba ubutane. Icyakora, iyo nyuma y’umuhango w’ishyingira umwe mu bashyingiranywe agaragaje ikimenyetso guha uburenganzira (1) Marriage creates a marital community with a (1) Le mariage crée une vie conjugale commune duty of cohabitation. avec devoir de cohabitation. (2) The marriage not followed by cohabitation within six months without valid reason grants one of the spouses the right to file a claim for divorce. However, if after celebration of marriage one of the spouses has irrefutable evidence that the duty of cohabitation will not be fulfilled, he or she may file a claim for 202 (2) Le mariage qui n’est pas suivi d’une cohabitation endéans six mois sans motif valable accorde à l’un des époux le droit d’intenter une action en divorce. Toutefois, lorsqu’après la célébration du mariage l’un des époux possède une preuve irréfutable cohabitation ne que le devoir de Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 ntavuguruzwa ko inshingano yo kubana itazabaho, ashobora kuregera ubutane. divorce. s’accomplira pas, il peut intenter une action en divorce.
  37. 237

    Uburenganzira ku mutungo

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    AI-assisted research summary: Spouses’ property rights begin when marriage is celebrated before the civil registrar, under the matrimonial regime they choose.

    Ingingo ya 237: Uburenganzira ku mutungo w’abashyingiranywe Article 237: Right to the property of the spouses Article 237: Droit au patrimoine des époux Ingingo ya 237: Uburenganzira ku mutungo w’abashyingiranywe Article 237: Right to the property of the spouses Article 237: Droit au patrimoine des époux (1) Uburenganzira ku mutungo w’abashyingiranywe butangira bakimara gushyingirwa y’umwanditsi imbere w’irangamimerere hakurikijwe uburyo bw’imicungire y’umutungo w’abashyangiranywe bahisemo. (1) The to right the property of spouses commences upon celebration of marriage before the civil registrar in accordance with the type of matrimonial regime of their choice. (1) Le droit au patrimoine des époux commence après la célébration du mariage devant l’officier de l’état civil conformément au type de régime matrimonial de leur choix. agaciro mbere (2) Iyo ishyingirwa risheshwe cyangwa iyo riteshejwe y’uko abashyingiranywe babana, nta nkurikizi rigira ku mutungo wabo uretse iyo bigaragaye ko hari umutungo bari barafatanyije. (2) If the marriage is dissolved or nullified before cohabitation of spouses, it has no effect on the property of the spouses unless if it is evident that the spouses had a joint property. (2) Lorsque le mariage est dissous ou annulé avant la cohabitation des époux, elle n’a aucun effet sur le patrimoine des époux sauf lorsqu’il est évident que les époux avaient un patrimoine en commun.
  38. 238

    Ubuyobozi bw’urugo

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    AI-assisted research summary: Spouses jointly manage the household, including moral and material support and maintenance.

    Ingingo ya 238: Ubuyobozi bw’urugo Article 238: Management of the household Article 238: Direction du ménage Ingingo ya 238: Ubuyobozi bw’urugo Article 238: Management of the household Article 238: Direction du ménage (1) Abashyingiranywe bafatanya ubuyobozi bw’urugo rwabo harimo kurwitaho kugira ngo ibirutunga no kurwubaka rugakomera. rugire umuco, (1) Spouses jointly provide management of the including moral and material household support as well as its maintenance. (1) Les époux assurent ensemble la direction du ménage y compris son soutien moral et matériel ainsi que son entretien. (2) Umwe mu bashyingiranywe yiharira iyo nshingano iyo undi adashobora kuyikora. (2) One of the spouses performs that duty alone if the other spouse cannot exercise it. (2) L’un des époux exerce seul ce devoir lorsque l’autre époux est hors d’état de l’exercer. 203 Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024
  39. 239

    Kugira uruhare mu bitunga

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    AI-assisted research summary: Each spouse must contribute to the household expenses according to their capacity and means.

    Ingingo ya 239: Kugira uruhare mu bitunga urugo Article 239: Contribution to the household expenses Article 239: Contribution aux charges du ménage Ingingo ya 239: Kugira uruhare mu bitunga urugo Article 239: Contribution to the household expenses Article 239: Contribution aux charges du ménage Buri wese mu bashyingiranywe agira uruhare mu bitunga urugo rwabo hakurikijwe uburyo n’amikoro yabo. Each of the spouses contributes to the household expenses in accordance with his or her capacity and means. Chaque époux contribue aux charges du ménage conformément à ses capacités et moyens.
  40. 240

    Inshingano yo kwita ku bana

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    AI-assisted research summary: Spouses must care for, nurture, and educate their children based on national values.

    Ingingo ya 240: Inshingano yo kwita ku bana no kubarera Article 240: Duty to cater for and educate children Article 240: Devoir d’entretenir et d’éduquer les enfants 31 Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 Ingingo ya 240: Inshingano yo kwita ku bana no kubarera Article 240: Duty to cater for and educate children Article 240: Devoir d’entretenir et d’éduquer les enfants (1) Abashyingiranywe bafite inshingano yo kwita ku bana babo, kubaha ibibatunga no kubarera hashingiwe ku ndangagaciro z’igihugu. (1) Spouses are bound by a duty to care for, nurture and educate their children on the basis of national values. (1) Les conjoints sont liés par le devoir de prendre soin de leurs enfants, de les nourrir et de les éduquer sur la base des valeurs nationales. (2) Iyo umwe mu bashyingiranywe ateshutse ku nshingano yo kwita ku bana, kubaha ibibatunga uwo bashyingiranywe cyangwa undi muntu ubifitemo inyungu ashobora kumurega mu rukiko rubifitiye ububasha. kubarera, no (2) If one of the spouses does not comply with the their children and duty of catering for educating them, the other spouse or an interested person may file a claim against him or her before the competent court. (2) Lorsque l’un des époux ne se conforme pas au devoir d’entretenir et d’éduquer leurs enfants, l’autre époux ou une personne intéressée peut intenter une action contre lui devant la juridiction compétente.
  41. 241

    Inshingano yo guha uwo

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    AI-assisted research summary: Each spouse must provide alimony to the other spouse if the other spouse is in need.

    Ingingo ya 241: Inshingano yo guha uwo mwashyingiranywe ibimutunga Article 241: Duty of alimony between spouses Article 241: Devoir de la pension alimentaire entre époux Ingingo ya 241: Inshingano yo guha uwo mwashyingiranywe ibimutunga Buri wese mu bashyingiranywe afite inshingano yo guha uwo bashyingiranywe ibimutunga iyo bikenewe. Article 241: Duty of alimony between spouses Each spouse has the duty to provide alimony to the other spouse if he or she is in need. Article 241: Devoir de la pension alimentaire entre époux Chacun des époux a le devoir de verser une pension alimentaire à l’autre époux s’il en a besoin. Article alimentaire 242: Estimation de pension (1) La pension alimentaire n’est accordée que dans la proportion des besoins de celui qui la Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 n’ubushobozi bwa nyir’ukubitanga. réclame et des ressources de celui qui la doit. (2) Ibitunga umuntu bitangwa mu mafaranga (2) Alimony is provided in cash or in kind. (2) La pension alimentaire est accordée en cyangwa mu bintu. espèces ou en nature.
  42. 242

    Urugero ibitunga umuntu

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    AI-assisted research summary: Alimony must be set in proportion to the claimant’s needs and the provider’s resources.

    Ingingo ya 242: Urugero ibitunga umuntu bitangwamo Article 242: Estimation of alimony Article alimentaire 242: Estimation de pension Ingingo ya 242: Urugero ibitunga umuntu bitangwamo (1) Ibitunga umuntu bitangwa mu rugero nyir’ukubihabwa abikeneyemo bijyanye Article 242: Estimation of alimony (1) Alimony is provided for in proportion to needs of the claimant and resources of the provider. 204
  43. 243

    Kutubahiriza inshingano

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    AI-assisted research summary: If one spouse fails to fulfil conjugal obligations, the other may apply to a competent court for temporary measures protecting the home.

    Ingingo ya 243: Kutubahiriza inshingano z’abashyingiranywe Article 243: Failure obligations to fulfil conjugal Article 243: Manquement aux obligations conjugales Ingingo ya 243: Kutubahiriza inshingano z’abashyingiranywe Article 243: Failure obligations to fulfil conjugal Article 243: Manquement aux obligations conjugales (1) Iyo inshingano umwe mu bashyingiranywe uwo atubahirije bashyingiranywe kuregera urukiko rubifitiye ububasha kugira ngo hafatwe by’agateganyo birengera urugo. ibyemezo ashobora ze, (2) Iyo umwe mu bashyingiranywe ugomba gutanga ikirego afite ubumuga cyangwa uburwayi butuma adashobora kwitangira ikirego, iyo uwo bashyingiranywe ariwe mwishingizi cyangwa umujyanama we, ikirego gitangwa n’umuntu ubifitemo inyungu.
  44. 244

    Urukiko rufite ububasha mu

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    AI-assisted research summary: The competent court for the spouses’ domicile or residence decides claims about conjugal obligations. A spouse may file for provisional measures if the other spouse does not comply, and an interested person may file in some incapacity cases.

    Ingingo ya 244: Urukiko rufite ububasha mu manza inshingano z’abashyingiranywe zerekeye Article 244: Competent court relating to conjugal obligations in cases Article 244: Juridiction compétente en matière d’actions relatives aux obligations conjugales Ingingo ya 244: Urukiko rufite ububasha mu manza inshingano z’abashyingiranywe zerekeye z’abashyingiranywe Urukiko rufite ububasha mu manza zerekeye inshingano rw’aho abashyingiranywe batuye cyangwa baba ni rwo rusuzuma ibirego byerekeye inshingano z’abashyingiranywe. Ibi birego bitangwa mu (1) If one of the spouses does not comply with his or her obligations, the other spouse may file a claim to the competent court for provisional measures that safeguard the interests of the household. (1) Lorsque l’un des époux ne se conforme pas à ses obligations, l’autre époux peut saisir la juridiction compétente pour prendre les mesures provisoires qu’exige l’intérêt du ménage. (2) If one of the spouses who has to file a claim has a disability or illness that makes him or her unable to file a claim, if the other spouse is his or her guardian or his or her advisor, the claim is filed by an interested person. (2) Lorsque l’un des époux qui doit intenter une action souffre d’un handicap ou d’une maladie qui le rend incapable d’intenter une action, lorsque l’autre époux est son tuteur ou son conseiller, l’action est intentée par une personne intéressée. Article 244: Competent court in cases relating to conjugal obligations The competent court on the conjugal obligations of the domicile or residence of spouses decides on claims relating to conjugal obligations. These claims are filed by way of unilateral request. 205 Article 244: Juridiction compétente en matière d’actions relatives aux obligations conjugales La juridiction compétente en matière d’actions relatives aux obligations conjugales du lieu du domicile ou de résidence des époux statue sur les actions relatives aux obligations conjugales. Ces actions sont intentées par voie de requête buryo bw’inyandiko nsobanurakirego itanzwe n’umuburanyi umwe.
  45. 245

    Irangizwa ry’agateganyo

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    AI-assisted research summary: Temporary household-protection measures stay in force provisionally, including during an appeal and even if a divorce claim is filed. The court may change the measures if the spouses’ conduct or situation changes and the family council has approved.

    Ingingo ya 245: Irangizwa ry’agateganyo ry’ibyemezo inshingano byerekeye z’abashyingiranywe Article 245: Provisional enforcement of measures relating to conjugal obligations Article 245: Exécution provisoire des mesures relatives aux obligations conjugales UMUTWE WA RY’ISHYINGIRWA XII: ISESWA CHAPTER XII: DISSOLUTION OF MARRIAGE CHAPITRE XII: DISSOLUTION DU MARIAGE Icyiciro cya mbere: Urupfu rw’umwe mu bashyingiranywe Ingingo ya 245: Irangizwa ry’agateganyo inshingano byerekeye ry’ibyemezo z’abashyingiranywe ibyo (1) Ibyemezo by’agateganyo birengera urugo birangizwa by’agateganyo. Iyo habayeho kujurira, bikomeza gukurikizwa kugeza igihe urukiko rufashe icyemezo kuri ubwo bujurire. Irangizwa n’iyo rigumaho ry’ibyo hatangwa ikirego gisaba ubutane. byemezo byemezo igihe (2) Urukiko rushobora guhindura ibyemezo imyifatire cyangwa by’abashyingiranywe n’inama rwafashe ubushobozi ihindutse y’umuryango. byemejwe Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 unilatérale. Article 245: Provisional enforcement of measures relating to conjugal obligations Article 245: Exécution provisoire des mesures relatives aux obligations conjugales (1) The provisional measures that safeguard the interests of the household are provisionally enforced. In case of appeal, the measures remain enforceable until the court decides on the appeal. The measures remain enforceable notwithstanding a filing of a claim for divorce. (1) Les mesures provisoires qu’exige l’intérêt du ménage sont exécutées provisoirement. En cas d’appel, restent exécutoires jusqu’à ce que la juridiction statue sur l’appel. Les mesures demeurent exécutoires nonobstant le dépôt d’une action en divorce. les mesures (2) The court may modify the measures taken if the conduct or situation of the spouses has changed following approval by the family council. (2) La juridiction peut changer les mesures prises lorsque la conduite ou la situation des époux vient à se modifier et ce, après approbation du conseil de famille. UMUTWE WA RY’ISHYINGIRWA XII: ISESWA CHAPTER XII: DISSOLUTION OF MARRIAGE CHAPITRE XII: DISSOLUTION DU MARIAGE Icyiciro cya mbere: Urupfu rw’umwe mu bashyingiranywe
  46. 246

    Inkurikizi z’urupfu ku

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    AI-assisted research summary: If one spouse dies, the marriage ends, and the widowed spouse has the right to remarry.

    Ingingo ya 246: Inkurikizi z’urupfu ku ishyingirwa z’urupfu Article 246: Effects of death on marriage Article 246: Effets de décès sur le mariage Ingingo ya 246: Inkurikizi z’urupfu ku ishyingirwa Section One: Death of one of the spouses Section première: Décès de l’un des époux Article 246: Effects of death on marriage Article 246: Effets de décès sur le mariage (1) Iyo umwe mu bashyingiranywe apfuye, (1) If one of the spouses dies, the marriage is (1) Lorsque l’un des époux décède, le mariage ishyingirwa riraseswa. dissolved. est dissous. 206 (2) Umwe mu bashyingiranywe upfakaye kongera uburenganzira bwo afite gushyingirwa. Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 (2) One of the widowed spouses has the right to (2) L’un des époux devenu veuf a le droit de se remarry. remarier.
  47. 247

    Effects of death of one of the

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    AI-assisted research summary: If one spouse dies, the surviving parent continues caring for the children, even after remarriage, and the surviving spouse manages the deceased spouse’s property share until succession opens.

    Ingingo ya 247: rw’umwe mu bashyingiranywe ku bana no ku mutungo Inkurikizi Section One: Death of one of the spouses Section première: Décès de l’un des époux Article 247: Effects of death of one of the spouses on children and property Article 247: Effets de décès de l’un des époux sur les enfants et le patrimoine Icyiciro cya 2: Ubutane Section 2: Divorce Section 2: Divorce 32 Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 Akiciro ka mbere: Ubutane buturutse ku mpamvu ziteganywa n’itegeko Subsection One: Divorce on grounds provided for by the law Sous-section première: Divorce pour motifs prévus par la loi Ingingo ya 247: Inkurikizi z’urupfu rw’umwe mu bashyingiranywe ku bana no ku mutungo Article 247: Effects of death of one of the spouses on children and property Article 247: Effets de décès de l’un des époux sur les enfants et le patrimoine (1) Iyo umwe mu bashyingiranywe apfuye, abana bakomeza kurerwa n’umubyeyi wabo wasigaye kabone n’iyo yakongera gushyingirwa. Iyo na we apfuye barerwa mu buryo buteganywa n’amategeko. (1) If one of the spouses dies, children continue to be looked after by their surviving parent even if he or she would enter into a new marriage. If he or she also dies, the children are looked after in accordance with the law. (1) Lorsque l’un des époux décède, les enfants continuent à être pris en charge par leur parent survivant quand bien même il contracterait un nouveau mariage. Lorsqu’il décède également, les enfants sont pris en charge conformément à la loi. (2) Iyo umwe mu bashyingiranywe apfuye, uruhare rwe ku mutungo rucungwa n’uwo bashyingiranywe ukiriho kugeza izungura rifunguwe. (2) If one of the spouses dies, his or her share on the property is managed by the surviving spouse until the opening of succession. (2) Lorsque l’un des époux décède, sa part sur le patrimoine est gérée par l’époux survivant jusqu’à l'ouverture de la succession. Icyiciro cya 2: Ubutane Section 2: Divorce Section 2: Divorce Akiciro ka mbere: Ubutane buturutse ku mpamvu ziteganywa n’itegeko Subsection One: Divorce on grounds provided for by the law Sous-section première: Divorce pour motifs prévus par la loi
  48. 248

    Impamvu z’ubutane

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    AI-assisted research summary: Each spouse may ask for divorce on listed grounds such as adultery, desertion, abuse, or long separation.

    Ingingo ya 248: Impamvu z’ubutane Article 248: Grounds for divorce Article 248: Motifs de divorce Ingingo ya 248: Impamvu z’ubutane Article 248: Grounds for divorce Article 248: Motifs de divorce (1) Buri wese mu bashyingiranywe ashobora gusaba ubutane kubera imwe mu mpamvu zikurikira: (1) Each of the spouses may lodge a claim for divorce on one of the following grounds: (1) Chacun des époux peut intenter une action en divorce pour l’un des motifs suivants: (a) ubusambanyi; (a) adultery; (a) l’adultère; 207 Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 (b) kuba umwe mu bashyingiranywe yarataye urugo nta mpamvu ifite ishingiro nibura mu gihe cy’amezi 12 akurikirana; (b) desertion of matrimonial home by one of the spouses without justifiable ground for at least 12 consecutive months; (b) l’abandon du domicile conjugal par l’un des époux sans motif valable pendant au moins 12 mois consécutifs; (c) guhamwa n’icyaha gisebeje; (c) a conviction for an offense severely (c) la condamnation pour une infraction damaging reputation; entachant gravement l’honneur; (d) kwanga gutanga ibitunga urugo; (d) refusal to provide for household expenses; (d) le refus de pourvoir aux charges du ménage; (e) ihohoterwa ku mubiri, ku mitekerereze, umutima, rishengura ihohoterwa irishingiye cyangwa ku mutungo imyitwarire ibangamiye bikabije urega, umwana bahuriyeho bombi, umwana w’urega cyangwa w’uregwa; (e) physical, emotional psychological, violence, economic harm or grossly abusive conduct against the claimant, a common child, a child of the claimant or of the defendant; économique (e) la violence physique, psychologique, un émotionnelle, comportement gravement abusif contre le requérant, contre un enfant commun, contre un enfant du requérant ou de la partie défenderesse; ou (f) ihohoterwa rishingiye ku gitsina; (f) gender based violence; (f) la violence basée sur le genre ; (g) kumara nibura imyaka ibiri batabana ku (g) de facto separation for a period of at least (g) la séparation de fait pendant au moins bushake bwabo; two years; deux ans; (h) kutabana mu gihe kirenze amezi atandatu akurikirana uhereye igihe habereye ishyingirwa nta mpamvu zifite ishingiro zihari; (h) non-cohabitation for more six consecutive months from the date of celebration of marriage without valid grounds; than (h) la non cohabitation pendant plus de six mois consécutifs à compter du jour de la célébration du mariage sans motifs valables; (i) iyo kubana bitagishobotse kubera indi mpamvu itakwihanganirwa n’umwe mu bashyingiranywe. (i) if the cohabitation becomes impossible due to irreconcilable differences of one of the spouses. 208 (i) lorsque la cohabitation devient aux divergences impossible suite irréconciliables de l’un des époux. Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 (2) Kutabana bitewe n’uko umwe mu bashyingiranywe afashwe nabi ntibyitwa guta urugo mu gihe yagiye abimenyesheje ubuyobozi bumwegereye bw’ibanze bigakorerwa inyandiko. (2) The non-cohabitation following mistreatment of one of the spouses cannot be considered as desertion of matrimonial home if the victim spouse has local administration before leaving the matrimonial home and a record thereto has been drawn. the nearest informed (2) La non cohabitation du fait de mauvais traitement de l’un des époux ne peut pas être considérée comme abandon du domicile conjugal lorsque l’époux victime a informé l’administration locale la plus proche avant de quitter le domicile conjugal et qu’un écrit y relatif a été dressé.
  49. 249

    Urukiko rufite ububasha

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    AI-assisted research summary: A divorce claim must be filed in a competent court linked to the spouses’ last matrimonial home, the defendant’s domicile or residence, the defendant’s elected domicile, or the plaintiff’s domicile or residence at filing.

    Ingingo ya 249: Urukiko rufite ububasha bwo kwemeza ubutane Article 249: Competent court to declare divorce Article 249: Juridiction compétente pour déclarer le divorce Ingingo ya 249: Urukiko rufite ububasha bwo kwemeza ubutane Article 249: Competent court to declare divorce Article 249: Juridiction compétente pour déclarer le divorce ububasha rukiko Gusaba ubutane biregerwa mu rw’ifasi rubifitiye abashyingiranywe kubamo, urw’ifasi uregwa atuyemo, aho aba, aho yahisemo ko abarizwa cyangwa aho urega atuye cyangwa aba mu gihe cyo gutanga ikirego cy’ubutane. baheruka The claim for divorce is filed before the competent court of the jurisdiction where the spouses had their last matrimonial home, of the jurisdiction where the defendant is domiciled, place of residence or elected domicile or where the plaintiff is domiciled or resides at the time of filing a claim for divorce. lequel la L’action en divorce est portée devant juridiction compétente du ressort dans lequel les époux ont eu leur dernier domicile conjugal, dans la partie défenderesse a son domicile, sa résidence, domicile élu ou dans lequel la partie demanderesse a son domicile ou résidence au moment de l’introduction de l’action en divorce.
  50. 250

    Ikirego gisaba ubutane

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    AI-assisted research summary: Either spouse may bring a divorce action, and the claim is time-barred after five years from discovering the ground for divorce.

    Ingingo ya 250: Ikirego gisaba ubutane Article 250: Action for divorce Article 250: Action en divorce Ingingo ya 250: Ikirego gisaba ubutane Article 250: Action for divorce Article 250: Action en divorce (1) Ikirego gisaba ubutane gitangwa n’umwe mu bashyingiranywe. Ikirego gisaba ubutane kiregerwa kandi kikaburanishwa nk’izindi manza. (1) An action for divorce is instituted by either spouse. An action for divorce is instituted and judged according to ordinary proceedings. (1) Une action en divorce appartient à l’un ou l’autre des époux. Une action en divorce est intentée et jugée dans la forme ordinaire. (2) Ikirego gisaba ubutane gisaza hashize impamvu imyaka igihe itanu kuva gishingiyeho yamenyekaniye. (2) An action for divorce is barred after five years following the time of discovering the ground of divorce. (2) Une action en divorce se prescrit par cinq ans à partir de la découverte du motif de divorce. 209
  51. 251

    Gusubika by’agateganyo

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    AI-assisted research summary: A criminal case does not stop a divorce case, unless the prosecuted offense is the reason for the divorce request; in that situation, the divorce case is suspended until the criminal judgment is final.

    Ingingo ya 251: Gusubika by’agateganyo ikirego cy’ubutane mu gihe hariho urubanza rw’inshinjabyaha Article proceedings pending criminal proceedings Suspension 251: of divorce Article 251: Suspension de l’action en divorce dans le cas d’une instance pénale Ingingo ya 251: Gusubika by’agateganyo ikirego cy’ubutane mu gihe hariho urubanza rw’inshinjabyaha rw’inshinjabyaha ntiruhagarika Urubanza ikirego cy’ubutane. Icyakora, iyo impamvu umwe mu bashyingiranywe aheraho yaka ubutane itumye habaho ikirego nshinjabyaha, kirahagarikwa ikirego by’agateganyo urubanza igihe rw’inshinjabyaha rubaye ndakuka. cy’ubutane kugeza Article 251: Suspension of divorce proceedings pending criminal proceedings Article 251: Suspension de l’action en divorce dans le cas d’une instance pénale A criminal case may not suspend an action for divorce. However, if the offense prosecuted is the cause for the application for divorce, the action for divorce is suspended until the criminal judgment becomes final. en état. Toutefois, Une affaire pénale ne peut tenir l’action en divorce lorsque l’infraction poursuivie est la cause de demande en divorce, l’action en divorce est suspendue jusqu’à ce que le jugement pénal soit passé en force de chose jugée.
  52. 252

    Gutanga ubuhamya mu

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    AI-assisted research summary: In divorce proceedings, the court may hear any person if investigations are needed, and the testimony of a child, a parent, or a domestic worker is taken into account.

    Ingingo ya 252: Gutanga ubuhamya mu rubanza rw’ubutane Article 252: Testifying in divorce proceedings Article 252: Témoignage en instance de divorce Ingingo ya 252: Gutanga ubuhamya mu rubanza rw’ubutane (1) Iyo bibaye ngombwa ko hakorwa ashobora umuntu wese iperereza, kubazwa mu rubanza. Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 Article 252: Testifying in divorce proceedings Article 252: Témoignage en instance de divorce (1) If it is considered necessary to conduct investigations, any person may be heard at trial. (1) Lorsqu’il y a lieu à enquêter, toute personne peut être entendue au procès. (2) Ubuhamya bw’umwana, ubw’umubyeyi w’abashyingiranywe n’ubw’umukozi wo mu rugo rwabo na bwo bwitabwaho. bw’umwana Icyakora, utarageza ku myaka 14 bwunganirwa n’ibindi bimenyetso. ubuhamya (2) The testimony of a child, parent and domestic worker of the spouses is also taken into consideration. However, the testimony of a child under 14 years of age is supported by other evidence. (2) Le témoignage d’un enfant, d’un parent et d’un domestique des époux est également pris le témoignage d’un enfant âgé de moins de 14 ans est appuyé par d’autres preuves. considération. Toutefois, en
  53. 253

    Icyemezo cy’agateganyo mu

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    AI-assisted research summary: In divorce proceedings, a judge may make provisional measures about the parties, their children, or their property.

    Ingingo ya 253: Icyemezo cy’agateganyo mu rubanza rw’ubutane Article 253: Provisional measure in divorce proceedings Article 253: Mesure provisoire pendant l’instance de divorce Ingingo ya 253: Icyemezo cy’agateganyo mu rubanza rw’ubutane Article 253: Provisional measure in divorce proceedings Article 253: Mesure provisoire pendant l’instance de divorce Aho iburanisha ry’ubutane ryaba rigeze hose, umucamanza ashobora gufata icyemezo cy’agateganyo cyerekeye ababuranyi, abana At any stage of the hearing, the judge may take a provisional measure related to the parties, to their children or their property. Le juge saisi peut prendre, à n’importe quelle étape de l’audience, une mesure provisoire relative aux parties, à leurs enfants ou à leur 210 Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 babo, cyangwa umutungo. patrimoine.
  54. 254

    Kugena urera abana mu gihe

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    AI-assisted research summary: During divorce proceedings, the judge may temporarily place children with either spouse or a third party and set each spouse’s share of child maintenance.

    Ingingo ya 254: Kugena urera abana mu gihe cy’urubanza rw’ubutane Article 254: Determination of custody of a child during divorce proceedings Article 254: Détermination de la garde d’un enfant pendant l’instance de divorce Ingingo ya 254: Kugena urera abana mu gihe cy’urubanza rw’ubutane Article 254: Determination of custody of a child during divorce proceedings Article 254: Détermination de la garde d’un enfant pendant l’instance de divorce gihe urubanza umucamanza rw’ubutane Mu rukiburanishwa, ashobora kugena ko umwe mu bashyingiranywe cyangwa undi muntu yita ku bana by’agateganyo akanagena uruhare rwa buri wese mu bashyingiranywe ku bitunga abana hagamijwe kurengera inyungu zabo. Ingingo ya hatandukanye mu gihe rw’ubutane 255: Kuba ahantu cy’urubanza During divorce proceedings, the judge may, in the best interest of children, grant provisional custody of children to either spouse or to a third party and determine the contribution of each spouse to the children’s maintenance. Lors de l’instance de divorce, le juge peut, dans l’intérêt supérieur des enfants, confier la garde provisoire des enfants à l’un des époux ou à un tiers et déterminer la part de chacun des époux pour l’entretien des enfants.
  55. 255

    Kuba ahantu hatandukanye

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    AI-assisted research summary: During divorce proceedings, a spouse may ask the court to order separation from the matrimonial home, and the spouse with provisional custody stays in the home until the divorce is final.

    Ingingo ya 255: Kuba ahantu hatandukanye mu gihe cy’urubanza rw’ubutane Article 255: Separate residence during divorce proceedings Article 255: Résidence séparée pendant l’instance de divorce Article 255: Separate residence during divorce proceedings Article 255: Résidence séparée pendant l’instance de divorce kurusaba Mu gihe cy’urubanza rw’ubutane, umwe mu cyangwa bashyingiranywe, yaba urega uregwa, mu buryo bw’ikirego cyihutirwa ashobora gusaba urukiko kwemeza ko ava mu rugo rwabo akajya kuba ahandi. Ashobora uwo kandi bashyingiranywe ava mu rugo. Iyo urukiko rwemeje ko umwe mu bashyingiranywe ava mu rugo rumugenera uburyo bwo gucumbika n’ibimutunga iyo bikenewe. Icyakora, umwe mu bashyingiranywe ushinzwe kwita ku bana aguma mu rugo kugeza igihe urubanza rw’ubutane rubaye ndakuka. gutegeka ko (1) During divorce proceedings, one of an the applicant or as spouses, whether respondent, may, by way of ex parte application, apply to the court for an order to leave the matrimonial home and live in a separate residence. He or she may also ask the court to order the other spouse to leave the matrimonial home. If the court orders one of the spouses to leave the matrimonial home, it decides on the means of enabling him or her to find a separate residence, and on his or her alimony, if necessary. However, the spouse being granted provisional custody of children remains in the matrimonial home pending the final judgment of divorce. séparée. (1) Lors de l’instance de divorce, chacun des époux, qu’il soit demandeur ou défendeur, peut demander à la juridiction, par voie de référé, de rendre une ordonnance l’exigeant de quitter le domicile conjugal et de vivre en Il peut également résidence demander à la juridiction d’ordonner à l’autre époux de quitter le domicile conjugal. Lorsque la juridiction ordonne à l’un des époux de quitter le domicile conjugal, elle décide des moyens lui permettant de trouver une résidence séparée et de sa pension alimentaire, en cas de besoin. Toutefois, l’époux qui reçoit la garde provisoire des enfants reste dans le domicile conjugal 211 Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 jusqu’au prononcé du jugement définitif autorisant le divorce.
  56. 256

    Imicungire y’umutungo

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    AI-assisted research summary: When a court orders one spouse to live separately before divorce is final, the spouses must provisionally divide their property, unless they are under a separation-of-property regime.

    Ingingo ya 256: Imicungire y’umutungo w’abashyingiranywe mu gihe bategetswe kuba ahantu hatandukanye Article 256: Administration of the property of spouses in case they are ordered to live in a separate residence Article 256: Administration du patrimoine des époux en cas d’ordonnance de vivre en résidence séparée 33 Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 Ingingo ya 256: Imicungire y’umutungo w’abashyingiranywe mu gihe bategetswe kuba ahantu hatandukanye Article 256: Administration of the property of spouses in case they are ordered to live in a separate residence Article 256: Administration du patrimoine des époux en cas d’ordonnance de vivre en résidence séparée (1) Iyo urukiko rw’ubutane rutegetse umwe mu bashyingiranywe kuba ahandi mu gihe urubanza rutaracibwa burundu, uretse igihe abashyingiranywe basezeranye ivanguramutungo risesuye, umutungo wimukanwa n’utimukanwa ugabanywa abashyingiranywe mu buryo bw’agateganyo nyuma yo kuwukorera ibarura rishyirwaho umukono n’impande zombi kandi hitawe ku nyungu z’umwana n’iz’umwuga w’abashyingiranywe. (2) Iyo abashyingiranywe bahisemo uburyo y’umutungo bw’imicungire ku w’abashyingiranywe masezerano n’abashaka ategurwa gushyingiranwa, bagabana hakurikijwe amasezerano bumvikanyeho kandi hitawe ku nyungu z’umwana n’iz’umwuga w’abashyingiranywe. ishingiye (3) Iyo abashyingiranywe bagabanye umutungo mu buryo bw’agateganyo, buri wese yita kuri uwo mutungo. Ntashobora (1) If the court orders a separate residence for one of the spouses pending the final judgement of divorce, except in case where spouses are married under the regime of separation of property, movable and immovable assets are provisionally shared, after the inventory signed by both parties, in consideration of the child’s best interests and the profession of spouses. (1) Lorsque la juridiction ordonne la résidence séparée pour l’un des époux en attendant le jugement de divorce définitif, sauf si les époux sont mariés sous le régime de la séparation des biens, les biens, tant meubles qu’immeubles, provisoirement sont partagés, après inventaire signé par les deux l’intérêt parties, en supérieur de l’enfant et de la profession des époux. tenant compte de (2) If the spouses have chosen a matrimonial regime based on an agreement drawn up by the intending spouses, they carry out the division according to the agreement made between them in consideration of the child’s best interests and the profession of spouses. (2) Lorsque les époux ont choisi le régime matrimonial basé sur un accord établi par les futurs époux, ils procèdent au partage en fonction de l’accord conclu entre eux et en tenant compte de l’intérêt supérieur de l’enfant et de la profession des époux. (3) If the spouses carry out the provisional division of property, each of them keeps the no property with care. Under due (3) Lorsque les époux procèdent au partage provisoire du patrimoine, chacun d’eux garde ce patrimoine avec diligence. Il ne 212 Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 kuwikuraho ingwate. cyangwa kuwutangaho circumstances may he or she dispose of or mortgage it. peut en aucun cas l’aliéner ou l’hypothéquer. (4) Mu gihe umwe mu bashyingiranywe atubahirije ku mpamvu z’uburiganya ibiteganywa mu gika cya (3) cy’iyi ngingo, uwo bashyingiranywe ashobora gusaba iseswa ry’ibyakozwe na mugenzi we.
  57. 257

    Irangizwa ry’agateganyo

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    AI-assisted research summary: Some provisional divorce orders must still be enforced during appeal, unless that would harm the children’s best interests.

    Ingingo ya 257: Irangizwa ry’agateganyo ry’icyemezo rubanza rw’ubutane cyafashwe mu Article 257: Provisional execution of an order made during divorce proceedings Article 257: Exécution provisoire d’une ordonnance rendue pendant l’instance de divorce Akiciro ka 2: Ubutane ku bwumvikane Subsection 2: Divorce by mutual consent Sous-section 2: Divorce par consentement mutuel Ingingo ya 257: Irangizwa ry’agateganyo rubanza ry’icyemezo rw’ubutane cyafashwe mu (4) If one of the spouses fails to accomplish the provisions of Paragraph (3) of this Article due to fraud, the other spouse may request for the annulment of deeds accomplished by the other. (4) Lorsque l’un des époux se soustrait du aux frauduleusement paragraphe (3) du présent article, l’autre époux peut demander l’annulation des actes accomplis par l’autre. dispositions Article 257: Provisional execution of an order made during divorce proceedings Article 257: Exécution provisoire d’une ordonnance rendue pendant l’instance de divorce Icyemezo cy’agateganyo gifatwa mu gihe cy’urubanza rw’ubutane cyerekeye kugena urera abana, kuba ahantu hatandukanye n’imicungire y’umutungo w’abashyingiranywe mu gihe bategetswe kuba ahantu hatandukanye, kirangizwa by’agateganyo n’iyo cyaba cyarajuririwe uretse iyo kibangamiye inyungu z’abana. rushobora guhindura Icyakora, urukiko icyemezo cy’agateganyo iyo habonetse izindi mpamvu mu bashyingiranywe. bisabwe n’umwe A provisional order made during divorce proceedings relating to custody of children, separate residence and administration of the property of spouses in case they are ordered to live in a separate residence is provisionally enforced despite of appeal, unless the children’s best interests. However, the court may, upon request by one of the spouses, modify the provisional order in case of occurrence of new facts. it prejudices à et la séparée Une ordonnance provisoire rendue pendant l’instance de divorce relative à la garde des enfants, à résidence l’administration du patrimoine des époux en cas d’ordonnance de vivre en résidence séparée est provisoirement exécutée nonobstant l’appel, sauf si elle porte préjudice à l’intérêt supérieur des enfants. Toutefois, la juridiction peut, à la l’un des époux, modifier demande de l’ordonnance provisoire en cas de survenance des faits nouveaux. Akiciro ka 2: Ubutane ku bwumvikane Subsection 2: Divorce by mutual consent Sous-section 2: Divorce par consentement mutuel 213 Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024
  58. 258

    Gusaba ubutane ku

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    AI-assisted research summary: Both spouses may apply for divorce by mutual consent if they agree on the divorce and its effects, and they must submit an agreement to the competent court about children and property.

    Ingingo ya 258: Gusaba ubutane ku bwumvikane Article 258: Application for divorce by mutual consent Article 258: Demande de divorce par consentement mutuel Ingingo ya 258: Gusaba ubutane ku bwumvikane Article 258: Application for divorce by mutual consent Article 258: Demande de divorce par consentement mutuel bombi (1) Ubutane ku bwumvikane busabwa bamaze n’abashyingiranywe kumvikana ku gusesa ishyingirwa no ku nkurikizi zaryo kandi bagashyikiriza urukiko rubifitiye ububasha amasezerano ku ngaruka z’ubutane ku bijyanye no kwita ku bana n’umutungo wabo. (1) Divorce by mutual consent is jointly applied for by both spouses after they agree on dissolution of their marriage and its effects and submit to the competent court an agreement regulating the effects of divorce on the maintenance of children and their property. (2) Iyo ubutane bwasabwe n’umwe mu bashyingiranywe, bushobora guhinduka ubutane ku bwumvikane mu gihe uregwa yemera ko ikirego gifite ishingiro akemera ubutane. Icyo gihe, abashyingiranywe bagaragariza urukiko amasezerano ku ngaruka z’ubutane ku bijyanye no kwita ku bana n’umutungo wabo. the respondent finds (2) If the divorce applied for by one of the spouses, it can be converted into divorce by mutual consent when the application to be well-founded and consents to divorce. In that case, the spouses present to the court an agreement regulating the effects of divorce on the maintenance of the children and their property. (1) Le divorce par consentement mutuel est demandé conjointement par les deux époux après s’être entendus sur la dissolution du mariage, après quoi ils soumettent à la juridiction compétente une convention réglant les effets du divorce sur l’entretien des enfants et sur leur patrimoine. (2) Lorsque le divorce est demandé par l’un des époux, il peut se convertir en divorce par consentement mutuel lorsque le défendeur à l’action reconnaît le bien-fondé de cette demande et déclare consentir au divorce. Dans ce cas, les époux présentent à la juridiction une convention réglant les effets du divorce sur l’entretien des enfants et sur leur patrimoine.
  59. 259

    Ibarura ry’umutungo

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    AI-assisted research summary: Spouses applying for divorce by mutual consent must first make a written inventory of their property, state its value, and तयermine each spouse’s share according to their matrimonial regime.

    Ingingo ya 259: Ibarura ry’umutungo w’abashyingiranywe mbere y’ubutane ku bwumvikane Article 259: Inventory of assets of the spouses prior to divorce by mutual consent Article 259: Inventaire des biens des époux avant le divorce par consentement mutuel ya Ingingo Ubwumvikane za bw’abashyingiranywe ngombwa mbere y’ubutane ku bwumvikane ngingo 260: ku Ingingo ya 259: Ibarura ry’umutungo w’abashyingiranywe mbere y’ubutane ku bwumvikane Abashyingiranywe biyemeje gusaba ubutane ku bwumvikane babanza kubarura umutungo wabo bigashyirwa mu nyandiko, kugaragaza agaciro kawo no kugena ibyo buri muntu uburyo yakwegukana bw’imicungire y’umutungo w’abashyingiranywe bahisemo. hakurikijwe Article 259: Inventory of assets of the spouses prior to divorce by mutual consent Article 259: Inventaire des biens des époux avant le divorce par consentement mutuel The spouses who choose to apply for divorce by mutual consent first make a written inventory of their property, indicate its value and determine each spouse’s share of the property depending on their matrimonial regime. Les époux qui choisissent de demander le divorce par consentement mutuel procèdent au préalable à un inventaire écrit de leurs biens, indiquent leur valeur et déterminent leurs droits respectifs en tenant compte de leur régime matrimonial. 214 ya 260: Ingingo bw’abashyingiranywe ku ngingo ngombwa bwumvikane Ubwumvikane za ku y’ubutane mbere Abashyingiranywe rubifitiye igaragaza zikurikira: bashyikiriza urukiko inyandikomvaho ibyo bemeranyije ku ngingo ububasha Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024
  60. 260

    Agreement between spouses

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    AI-assisted research summary: Spouses must submit a notarised deed to the competent court before a divorce by mutual consent, setting out their agreement on child custody, child support responsibilities, residence during the divorce proceedings, and alimony if needed.

    Article 260: Agreement between spouses concerning main aspects before divorce by mutual consent Article 260: Convention des époux sur les le divorce par principaux points avant consentement mutuel Article 260: Agreement between spouses concerning main aspects before divorce by mutual consent Article 260: Convention des époux sur les principaux points avant le divorce par consentement mutuel The spouses submit to the competent court a notarised deed indicating the following points of agreement: Les époux présentent à la juridiction compétente un acte notarié indiquant leur accord sur les points suivants: (a) uzarera abana babyaranye, abo bagize ababo batarababyaye cyangwa abo bishingiye mu gihe cy’urubanza rw’ubutane na nyuma y’icibwa ry’urubanza rw’ubutane; (a) the custody of their biological children, their children or adoptees guardianship, divorce during proceedings and after the pronouncement of divorce; under the (a) la garde des enfants biologiques, enfants adoptés ou sous leur garde, pendant l’instance de divorce et après le prononcé du divorce; (b) uruhare rwa buri wese mu bashyingiranywe ku byerekeye kwita ku bana no kubarera; (c) aho buri wese mu bashyingiranywe cy’urubanza gihe azaba mu rw’ubutane; rw’ubutane (d) ibitunga umuntu umwe yaha undi mu iyo gihe cy’urubanza adafite bimuhagije hatitawe ku buryo bw’imicungire y’umutungo w’abashyingiranywe bahisemo. ibimutunga (b) each spouse’s contribution to the maintenance and education of children; (b) la part de chacun des époux pour l’entretien et l’éducation des enfants; (c) the residence of each of the spouses during l’instance de divorce; divorce proceedings; (c) la résidence de chacun des époux lors de (d) the alimony that one of the spouses will owe to the other during the divorce proceedings if he or she does not have sufficient income to provide for his or her needs regardless of their matrimonial regime. (d) la pension alimentaire que l’un des époux devra à l’autre pendant l’instance de divorce lorsqu’il n’a pas de revenus suffisants pour pourvoir à ses besoins quel que soit leur régime matrimonial. 215 Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024
  61. 261

    Uburyo ikirego cy’ubutane

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    AI-assisted research summary: A divorce claim by mutual consent must be filed using the ordinary procedure for civil claims.

    Ingingo ya 261: Uburyo ikirego cy’ubutane ku bwumvikane gitangwa Article 261: Procedure for filing a claim for divorce by mutual consent Article 261: Procédure d’une action en divorce par consentement mutuel Ingingo kw’abashyingiranywe ku giti cyabo 262: Kwitaba ya urukiko Ingingo ya 261: Uburyo ikirego cy’ubutane ku bwumvikane gitangwa Article 261: Procedure for filing a claim for divorce by mutual consent Article 261: Procédure d’une action en divorce par consentement mutuel Ikirego gisaba ubutane ku bwumvikane gitangwa mu buryo busanzwe bw’ibirego mbonezamubano. The claim for divorce by mutual consent is filed according to ordinary procedure of filing civil claims. L’action en divorce par consentement mutuel est ordinaire la formée d’introduire les actions en matière civile. procédure suivant Ingingo kw’abashyingiranywe ku giti cyabo 262: Kwitaba urukiko ya
  62. 262

    Personal appearance of spouses

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    AI-assisted research summary: Spouses seeking a divorce by mutual consent must appear in person before the court and state that they want to divorce.

    Article 262: Personal appearance of spouses in court Article 262: Comparution personnelle des époux devant la juridiction Article 262: Personal appearance of spouses in court Article 262: Comparution personnelle des époux devant la juridiction Ku munsi w’iburanisha, abashyingiranywe basaba ubutane ku bwumvikane bitaba bombi ku giti cyabo urukiko rwaregewe bakemeza icyifuzo cyabo cyo gutana kandi ntibasabwa kugaragaza impamvu bashaka gutana. On the day of the hearing, both spouses applying for divorce by mutual consent appear before the court seized to declare their intention to divorce and they are not required to give the reason why they want to divorce. Le jour de l’audience, les deux époux qui demandent le divorce par consentement mutuel comparaissent devant la juridiction saisie pour faire la déclaration de leur intention de divorcer et ils ne sont pas obligés de donner le motif pour lequel ils veulent divorcer.
  63. 263

    Urubanza rw’ubutane ku

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    AI-assisted research summary: The court may grant a divorce by mutual consent only if the spouses really want to divorce, their consent is free, and children’s interests are protected.

    Ingingo ya 263: Urubanza rw’ubutane ku bwumvikane Article 263: Judgment of divorce by mutual consent Article 263: Jugement de divorce par consentement mutuel Ingingo ya 263: Urubanza rw’ubutane ku bwumvikane Article 263: Judgment of divorce by mutual consent Article 263: Jugement de divorce par consentement mutuel (1) Iyo kubona urukiko ko rumaze abashyingiranywe bafite ubushake bwo gutana kandi ko ubwumvikane bwabo bwabaye nta gahato n’inyungu z’abana zikaba zitaweho, ruca urubanza rwemeza ubutane ku bwumvikane. (1) If the court is convinced that the spouses are willing to divorce and that their consent is free interests of children are and safeguarded, the court hears the case and pronounces divorce. the best (1) Lorsque la juridiction a l’intime conviction que la volonté des époux est réelle et que leur consentement est libre et que l’intérêt supérieur des enfants est préservé, elle juge l’affaire et prononce le divorce. (2) Iyo urukiko rusanze ibiteganyijwe mu gika cya (1) cy’iyi ngingo bitarubahirijwe, ntirwemera ubutane. (2) If the court finds that the provisions of Paragraph (1) of this Article are not fulfilled, divorce is not granted. (2) Lorsque la juridiction constate que les dispositions du paragraphe (1) du présent article ne sont pas réunies, elle leur refuse le divorce. 216 Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024
  64. 264

    Kujuririra urubanza rwanze

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    AI-assisted research summary: An appeal against a judgment rejecting divorce by mutual consent must follow the ordinary appeal procedure and is admissible only if both spouses lodge it together.

    Ingingo ya 264: Kujuririra urubanza rwanze gutanga ubutane ku bwumvikane Article 264: Appeal against the judgment rejecting divorce by mutual consent Article 264: Appel contre le jugement refusant le divorce par consentement mutuel Akiciro ka 3: Ingingo zihuriweho ku butane Subsection 3: Common provisions on divorce Sous-section 3: Dispositions communes au divorce 34 Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 Ingingo ya 264: Kujuririra urubanza rwanze gutanga ubutane ku bwumvikane Article 264: Appeal against the judgment rejecting divorce by mutual consent Article 264: Appel contre le jugement refusant le divorce par consentement mutuel Kujuririra urubanza rwanze gutanga ubutane ku bwumvikane bikorwa mu buryo busanzwe Icyakora, ubwo bwo kujuririra imanza. bukozwe iyo bujurire n’abashyingiranywe bombi. bwakirwa An appeal against the judgment rejecting divorce by mutual consent is lodged in accordance with the ordinary appeal procedure. However, such an appeal is admissible only if it is jointly lodged by both spouses. L’appel contre le jugement refusant le divorce par consentement mutuel est formé suivant les voies de recours ordinaires. Toutefois, cet appel formé n’est conjointement par les deux époux. recevable que lorsqu’il est Akiciro ka 3: Ingingo zihuriweho ku butane Subsection 3: Common provisions on divorce Sous-section 3: Dispositions communes au divorce
  65. 265

    Kwandika urubanza

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    AI-assisted research summary: Divorced spouses must notify the civil registrar where the marriage was celebrated within two months after the divorce judgment becomes final; otherwise any interested person may do so, and the registrar then enters the divorce in the divorce register.

    Ingingo ya 265: Kwandika urubanza rw’ubutane mu gitabo cy’irangamimerere Article 265: Entering the judgment of divorce in the civil status register Article 265: Transcription du jugement de divorce sur le registre de l’état civil Ingingo ya 265: Kwandika urubanza rw’ubutane mu gitabo cy’irangamimerere Article 265: Entering the judgment of divorce in the civil status register Article 265: Transcription du jugement de divorce sur le registre de l’état civil (1) Iyo ubutane bwemejwe n’urubanza rwabaye ndakuka, abatandukanye ubwabo bamenyesha imikirize yarwo umwanditsi w’irangamimerere w’aho ishyingirwa ryabereye mu gihe kitarenze amezi abiri urubanza abarwa rw’ubutane rwabereye ndakuka. Igihe bidashobotse n’umuntu ubifitemo inyungu. bikorwa uhereye igihe (1) When the judgment of divorce becomes final, the divorcees themselves notify the civil registrar of the place where the marriage was celebrated of the judgement of divorce within two months from the date the judgment becomes final. Failing which, notification is made by any other interested person. (1) Lorsque le jugement de divorce est coulé en force de chose jugée, les divorcés notifient eux-mêmes à l’officier de l’état civil du lieu où le mariage a été célébré le jugement de divorce dans les deux mois à compter de la date où le jugement de divorce est devenu définitif. À défaut, notification est faite par une autre personne intéressée. (2) Umwanditsi w’irangamimerere w’aho ishyingirwa ryabereye yandika ubutane mu gitabo cy’inyandiko z’ubutane. (2) The civil registrar of the place where the marriage was celebrated enters the judgement of divorce in the register of divorce records. (2) L’officier de l’état civil du lieu où le mariage a été célébré transcrit le jugement de divorce sur le registre des actes de divorce. 217 Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024
  66. 266

    Gutangaza urubanza

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    AI-assisted research summary: A divorce judgment extract may be published in the Official Gazette or a widely read media outlet in Rwanda, and children’s names must not be disclosed in that publication.

    Ingingo ya 266: Gutangaza urubanza rw’ubutane Article 266: Publication of the divorce judgment Article 266: Publication du jugement de divorce Ingingo ya 266: Gutangaza urubanza rw’ubutane Article 266: Publication of judgment the divorce Article 266: Publication du jugement de divorce (1) Inyandiko mpine y’urubanza rw’ubutane ishobora gutangazwa mu Igazeti ya Leta ya Repubulika y’u Rwanda cyangwa mu gitangazamakuru gikurikirwa na benshi mu Rwanda kigenwa na Perezida w’urukiko bisabwe n’umwe mu bari barashyingiranywe umuntu ubifitemo inyungu. cyangwa (1) The extract of the divorce judgment may be published in the Official Gazette of the Republic of Rwanda or in a media with large the audience President of the court upon request by either of the divorcees or an interested person. in Rwanda determined by (1) L’extrait du jugement de divorce peut être publié au Journal Officiel de la République du Rwanda ou dans un média ayant un large public au Rwanda déterminé par le Président de la juridiction à la demande de l’un des divorcés ou d’une personne intéressée. (2) Iyo urubanza rugaragaza amazina y’abana, itangazwa ryarwo rikorwa mu buryo butagaragaza amazina yabo mu rwego ingaruka byabagiraho. kwirinda rwo Ingingo rw’ubutane rutangira gukurikizwa Igihe 267: ya urubanza (2) If the judgment indicates the names of children, its publication is done without disclosing their names in order to prevent the possible consequences to those children. (2) Lorsque le jugement indique les noms des enfants, sa publication se fait sans révéler leurs noms afin d’éviter les conséquences possibles pour ces enfants.
  67. 267

    Igihe urubanza rw’ubutane

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    AI-assisted research summary: The final divorce judgment takes effect for spouses from the filing date of the first divorce claim, and for other parties from the date it becomes final.

    Ingingo ya 267: Igihe urubanza rw’ubutane rutangira gukurikizwa Article 267: Effective date of the divorce judgment Article 267: Prise d’effet du jugement de divorce Akiciro ka 4: Inkurikizi z’ubutane Subsection 4: Effects of divorce Sous-section 4: Effets du divorce Article 267: Effective date of the divorce judgment Article 267: Prise d’effet du jugement de divorce Ku bahawe ubutane, urubanza rw’ubutane rwabaye ndakuka rutangira gukurikizwa kuva ku munsi hatangiweho ikirego gisaba ubutane mu rukiko. Naho ku bandi bantu rutangira gukurikizwa ku munsi rwabereyeho ndakuka. In respect of spouses, the final divorce judgment becomes effective from the filing of the first claim for divorce. However, in respect of other parties, it becomes effective as of the day it has become final. Pour les divorcés, le jugement définitif de divorce remonte, quant à ses effets, au jour de l’introduction de la première action en divorce. Toutefois, à l’égard des tiers, il ne produit effet que du jour où il est passé en force de chose jugée. Akiciro ka 4: Inkurikizi z’ubutane Subsection 4: Effects of divorce Sous-section 4: Effets du divorce 218 Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024
  68. 268

    Inkurikizi z’ubutane ku

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    AI-assisted research summary: Divorce ends the marriage and the spouses’ matrimonial regime, and property is divided under the rules for the matrimonial regime the spouses chose.

    Ingingo ya 268: Inkurikizi z’ubutane ku ishyingirwa Article 268: Effects of divorce on marriage Article 268: Effets du divorce sur le mariage Ingingo ya 268: Inkurikizi z’ubutane ku ishyingirwa Article 268: Effects of divorce on marriage Article 268: Effets du divorce sur le mariage busesa ishyingirwa Ubutane n’uburyo y’umutungo bw’imicungire w’abashyingiranywe. Kugabana umutungo bikorwa hakurikijwe uburyo bw’imicungire y’umutungo abashyingiranywe bahisemo. The divorce entails the dissolution of marriage and matrimonial regime of spouses. Sharing of the property is done according to provisions governing the matrimonial regime chosen by the spouses. Le divorce emporte la dissolution du mariage et du régime matrimonial des époux. Le partage du patrimoine aux dispositions du régime matrimonial choisi par les époux. conformément fait est
  69. 269

    Inkurikizi z’ubutane ku bana

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    AI-assisted research summary: After divorce, custody goes to the spouse who gets the divorce, while the other spouse keeps visitation and contact rights; the court can also make other custody orders based on the child’s best interests.

    Ingingo ya 269: Inkurikizi z’ubutane ku bana Article 269: Effects of divorce on children Article 269: Effets de divorce à l’égard des enfants Ingingo ya 269: Inkurikizi z’ubutane ku bana Article 269: Effects of divorce on children Article 269: Effets de divorce à l’égard des enfants (1) Abana bahabwa umubyeyi watsindiye asigarana ubutane. Undi mubyeyi uburenganzira abana, bwo kubavugisha cyangwa gusurwa na bo. Mu guca urubanza, umucamanza agena uburyo bukwiye kugira ngo ubwo burenganzira bwubahirizwe. gusura ubifitemo (2) Urukiko rubyibwirije cyangwa rubisabwe n’umwe mu basaba ubutane cyangwa inyungu, n’undi muntu rushobora gutegeka ko umwana ahabwa umubyeyi utatsinze urubanza cyangwa undi muntu, rushingiye ku byagirira umwana akamaro kandi rumaze kumva ibitekerezo by’umwana. (3) Urukiko rushobora kandi gutegeka ko abana bamwe barerwa n’umubyeyi umwe, abandi na bo bakarerwa n’undi mubyeyi (1) Custody of children is awarded to the spouse who obtains divorce. The other spouse has the rights to visit them, to talk to them or to be visited by them. The judge, while rendering the judgment, determines appropriate modalities for the respect for such rights. (1) Les enfants sont confiés à l’époux qui a obtenu le divorce tandis que l’autre époux conserve les droits de visite, de leur parler ou d’être visité par eux. En rendant le jugement, le juge détermine les modalités convenables pour le respect de ces droits. (2) The court, of its own motion or at the request of one of the spouses seeking the divorce or of any other interested person, may order that the child be entrusted to the spouse who lost the judgment or to a third person, having regard to the best interests of the child and after hearing his or her opinion. (2) La juridiction, d’office ou à la demande de l’un des époux demandant le divorce ou de intéressée, peut toute autre personne ordonner que l’enfant soit confié à l’époux qui a perdu le jugement ou à une tierce personne, en considérant l’intérêt supérieur de l’enfant et après avoir entendu son avis. (3) The court may also order that custody of children be shared between both spouses if it is the children after in interests of the (3) La juridiction peut également ordonner que la garde des enfants soit partagée entre les époux si cela est dans l’intérêt des enfants 219 mu gihe biri mu nyungu z’abana nyuma yo kumva ibitekerezo byabo. (4) Ibyemezo urukiko rufata rushingiye kuri iyi ngingo biba ari agateganyo, rushobora kubikuraho bisabwe n’umuntu ubifitemo inyungu mu bw’inyandiko buryo nsobanurakirego itanzwe n’umuburanyi umwe. ya Ingingo Uburenganzira 270: n’inshingano by’ababyeyi batandukanye ku bana Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 consideration of their view. après considération de leur opinion. (4) Measures ordered by the court by virtue of this Article are provisional and may be revoked upon application by an interested person by way of unilateral claim. (4) Les mesures ordonnées par la juridiction en vertu du présent article sont provisoires et peuvent être révoquées à la demande introduite par une personne intéressée au moyen d’une requête unilatérale.
  70. 270

    Uburenganzira n’inshingano

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    AI-assisted research summary: Divorced parents may supervise their children’s maintenance and education and must contribute to alimony according to their means.

    Ingingo ya 270: Uburenganzira n’inshingano by’ababyeyi batandukanye ku bana Article 270: Rights and obligations of divorced parents in respect of children Article 270: Droits et obligations des parents divorcés à l’égard des enfants Article 270: Rights and obligations of divorced parents in respect of children Article 270: Droits et obligations des parents divorcés à l’égard des enfants Ababyeyi batandukanye bafite uburenganzira bwo kugenzura uko abana bafashwe n’uko barerwa, hatitawe ku washinzwe kubarera. Bafite kandi inshingano yo gutanga indezo hakurikijwe ubushobozi bwabo. Divorced parents retain the right to supervise the maintenance and education of their children regardless of which person the children are placed with. They also have obligation to contribute to the alimony in proportion to their means. Les parents divorcés conservent le droit de surveiller l’entretien et l’éducation de leurs enfants quelle que soit la personne à laquelle les Ils ont également enfants sont confiés. la pension l’obligation de contribuer à alimentaire à proportion de leurs moyens.
  71. 271

    Inkurikizi z’ubutane ku byo

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    AI-assisted research summary: Parents’ divorce does not take away benefits children are entitled to under law or their parents’ matrimonial regime.

    Ingingo ya 271: Inkurikizi z’ubutane ku byo abana baherwa uburenganzira n’amategeko Article 271: Effects of divorce on benefits accorded to children as provided by law Article 271: Effets du divorce sur avantages reconnus aux enfants par la loi les Ingingo ya 271: Inkurikizi z’ubutane ku abana baherwa uburenganzira byo n’amategeko Ubutane bw’ababyeyi ntacyo bwambura abana mu byo amategeko cyangwa uburyo bw’imicungire y’umutungo w’abashyingiranywe abahera uburenganzira. Article 271: Effects of divorce on benefits accorded to children as provided by law Article 271: Effets du divorce sur avantages reconnus aux enfants par la loi les The divorce of parents does in no ways deprive children of any benefits recognised to them by law or matrimonial regimes of their parents. Le divorce des parents ne prive pas les enfants d’aucun des avantages qui leur étaient reconnus par la loi ou par les régimes matrimoniaux de leurs parents. 220 Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024
  72. 272

    Uburenganzira bw’abana

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    AI-assisted research summary: After a divorce, children keep the right to be maintained and educated from their parents’ property, and a parent may not dispose of all property while still owing alimony.

    Ingingo ya 272: Uburenganzira bw’abana bwo kurerwa hifashishijwe umutungo w’ababyeyi babo bahawe ubutane Article 272: Rights of children to their maintenance and education using the property of their divorced parents Article 272: Droits des enfants pour leur bien- être et éducation en utilisant le patrimoine de leurs parents divorcés Akiciro umunyamahanga ka 5: Ubutane burimo Subsection 5: Divorce involving a foreigner Sous-section 5: Divorce étranger impliquant un 35 Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 Ingingo ya 272: Uburenganzira bw’abana bwo kurerwa hifashishijwe umutungo w’ababyeyi babo bahawe ubutane Article 272: Rights of children to their maintenance and education using the property of their divorced parents Article 272: Droits des enfants pour leur bien- être et éducation en utilisant le patrimoine de leurs parents divorcés Igihe habaye ubutane, abana bakomeza kugira uburenganzira bwo kurerwa hifashishijwe umutungo w’ababyeyi babo. Umubyeyi ntashobora kwikuraho umutungo we wose iyo agifite inshingano yo gutanga indezo ku bana. In case of divorce, children retain the right to be maintained and educated using the property of their parents. A parent cannot dispose all of his or her property if he or she still has the obligation of providing alimony. Akiciro umunyamahanga ka 5: Ubutane burimo Subsection 5: Divorce involving a foreigner Dans le cas de divorce, les enfants conservent le droit d'être entretenus et éduqués en utilisant le patrimoine de leurs parents. Un parent ne peut pas disposer de tout le patrimoine lorsqu’il a toujours l’obligation de fournir la pension alimentaire. Sous-section 5: Divorce étranger impliquant un
  73. 273

    Itegeko rikurikizwa mu gihe

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    AI-assisted research summary: For divorces involving foreigners, the applicable law is the same law that applied to the marriage.

    Ingingo ya 273: Itegeko rikurikizwa mu gihe ubutane burimo umunyamahanga Article 273: Law applicable to divorce involving a foreigner Article 273: Loi applicable au divorce impliquant un étranger UMUTWE WA BY’AGATEGANYO XIII: GUTANA CHAPTER XIII: LEGAL SEPARATION CHAPITRE XIII: SÉPARATION DE CORPS Ingingo ya 273: Itegeko rikurikizwa mu gihe ubutane burimo umunyamahanga Article 273: Law applicable involving a foreigner to divorce Article 273: Loi applicable au divorce impliquant un étranger Itegeko rikurikizwa mu gihe ubutane burimo abanyamahanga bashyingiranywe hagati yabo cyangwa umunyamahanga washyingiranywe n’Umunyarwanda ni iryakurikijwe mu gihe cy’ishyingirwa ryabo. The law applicable to divorce between foreigners or a foreigner and a Rwandan is the same as the law applied to their marriage. La loi applicable au divorce des étrangers entre eux ou entre un étranger et un Rwandais est la même que celle appliquée à leur mariage. UMUTWE WA BY’AGATEGANYO XIII: GUTANA CHAPTER XIII: LEGAL SEPARATION CHAPITRE XIII: SÉPARATION DE CORPS
  74. 274

    Gutana by’agateganyo

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    AI-assisted research summary: Spouses, or either spouse, may apply to court for legal separation without dissolving the marriage.

    Ingingo ya 274: Gutana by’agateganyo n’uburyo bisabwa Article 274: Legal separation and application procedure Article 274: Séparation de corps et procédure de demande Ingingo ya 274: Gutana by’agateganyo n’uburyo bisabwa Article 274: Legal separation and application procedure Article 274: Séparation de corps et procédure de demande (1) Gutana by’agateganyo uburyo abashyingiranywe cyangwa umwe muri bo basaba urukiko kwemeza ko batabana ni (1) Legal separation is a legal process by which spouses or one of them apply to the court to pronounce a de facto separation without 221 (1) La séparation de corps est une procédure par laquelle les époux ou l'un d'eux saisissent le tribunal pour statuer sur une séparation de Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 ariko y’ishyingirwa. hadasheshwe amasezerano dissolution of the marriage. fait sans dissoudre le mariage. no (2) Gutana by’agateganyo bikorwa mu buryo zimwe bumwe nk’iziteganyijwe ku gusaba ubutane ku mpamvu ziteganywa n’iri tegeko cyangwa ku gusaba ubutane ku bwumvikane. ku mpamvu (3) Gutana by’agateganyo biregerwa, biburanishwa bigakemurwa kandi hakurikijwe ingingo z’iri tegeko zerekeye ubutane.
  75. 275

    Ikirego gisaba gutana

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    AI-assisted research summary: If legal separation and divorce are filed together, the court must first deal with the legal separation claim.

    Ingingo ya 275: Ikirego gisaba gutana rimwe by’agateganyo n’icy’ubutane gitangiwe Article 275: Connection between the claim for legal separation and the claim for divorce Article 275: Connexité de séparation de corps et l’action en divorce l’action en Ingingo ya 275: Ikirego gisaba gutana rimwe by’agateganyo n’icy’ubutane gitangiwe Igihe ikirego gisaba gutana by’agateganyo rimwe n’icy’ubutane, urukiko gitangiwe rubanza kuburanisha ikirego cyo gutana by’agateganyo. Article 275: Connection between the claim for legal separation and the claim for divorce Article 275: Connexité de séparation de corps et l’action en divorce l’action en If the claim for legal separation and the claim for divorce are concurrently filed, the court first decides on the legal separation. Lorsque l’action en séparation de corps et l’action en divorce sont concomitamment adressées à la juridiction, le juge statue d’abord sur la séparation de corps.
  76. 276

    Inkurikizi zo gutana

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    AI-assisted research summary: Legal separation ends the duty to live together, but the marriage itself continues.

    Ingingo ya 276: Inkurikizi zo gutana by’agateganyo Article 276: Effects of legal separation Article 276: Effets de la séparation de corps Ingingo by’agateganyo mo ubutane 277: Guhindura ya gutana Ingingo ya 276: Inkurikizi zo gutana by’agateganyo (1) Gutana by’agateganyo kutabana abashyingiranywe amasezerano ntibisesa uburyo cyangwa y’umutungo w’abashyingiranywe. kwemerera ariko y’ishyingirwa bw’imicungire (2) Legal separation is done under the same conditions and on the same grounds as application for divorce on grounds provided for by the law or application for legal separation by mutual consent. (2) La séparation de corps se fait dans les mêmes conditions et aux mêmes motifs que la demande de divorce pour causes prévues par la loi ou la demande de séparation de corps par consentement mutuel. (3) The claim for legal separation is filed, heard and decided in accordance with provisions of this Law relating to divorce. (3) L’action en séparation de corps est introduite, entendue et jugée selon les dispositions de la présente loi relatives au divorce. Article 276: Effects of legal separation Article 276: Effets de la séparation de corps (1) Legal separation relieves spouses of the duty of cohabitation but does not entail the dissolution of a marriage or the dissolution of matrimonial regime. (1) La séparation de corps dispense des époux du devoir de cohabitation mais ne rompt pas le lien du mariage et n’emporte pas dissolution du régime matrimonial. 222 Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 (2) Nyuma y’isomwa ry’urubanza rwemeza gutana by’agateganyo, inshingano yo gufashanya no kudahemukirana igumaho. (2) After ruling on legal separation, the duty of support and fidelity remains. (2) Après le prononcé du jugement portant séparation de corps, le devoir de fidélité et de secours subsiste. (3) Abashyingiranywe batanye by’agateganyo bakomeza inshingano yo kwita ku bana no kubarera. (3) Spouses involved in legal separation are bound by the obligation to cater for and educate their children. (3) Les époux en séparation de corps sont tenus à l’obligation d’entretenir et d’éduquer leurs enfants. (4) Gucunga umutungo by’agateganyo uburyo abashyingiranywe bahisemo. bikorwa bw’imicungire w’abatanye hakurikijwe y’umutungo (5) Urubanza rutegeka gutana by’agateganyo mu rugena bashyingiranywe ubikeneye. ibitunga umwe (4) The management of the property of spouses living under legal separation is done in accordance with provisions governing the matrimonial regime chosen by spouses. (4) La gestion du patrimoine des époux qui vivent en séparation de corps se fait conformément aux dispositions régissant les régimes matrimoniaux choisis par les époux. (5) The judgment granting legal separation determines alimony which is due to the spouse in need. (5) Le jugement prononçant la séparation de corps fixe la pension alimentaire qui est due à l’époux dans le besoin.
  77. 277

    Conversion of legal separation

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    AI-assisted research summary: After two years of legal separation, the court can convert the separation judgment into a divorce judgment when the spouses apply.

    Article 277: Conversion of legal separation into divorce Article 277: Conversion de la séparation de corps en divorce UMUTWE WA XIV: ISANO HAGATI Y’ABABYEYI N’ABANA CHAPTER BETWEEN PARENTS AND CHILDREN RELATIONSHIP XIV: CHAPITRE XIV: RELATION ENTRE PARENTS ET ENFANTS Icyiciro cya mbere: Ingingo rusange ku isano hagati y’ababyeyi n’abana Section One: Common provisions on relationship between parents and children Section première: Dispositions communes à la relation entre parents et enfants Ingingo ya 277: Guhindura gutana by’agateganyo mo ubutane Article 277: Conversion of legal separation into divorce Article 277: Conversion de la séparation de corps en divorce ibiri uhereye (1) Igihe gutana by’agateganyo bimaze imyaka igihe urubanza rwabaye ndakuka, urukiko, rubisabwe n’abashyingiranywe cyangwa umwe muri bo ruhindura urubanza rwo gutana by’agateganyo mo urubanza rw’ubutane. bombi (2) Ikirego gisaba gutana by’agateganyo mo ubutane gitangwa mu buryo busanzwe bwo gusaba ubutane. guhindura (1) After two years of legal separation from the date on which the judgment became final, the court, upon joint application by both spouses or either of them, converts the legal separation judgment into divorce judgment. (1) Lorsque la séparation de corps a duré deux ans depuis le jour où le jugement est passé en force de chose jugée, la juridiction, à la demande conjointe des époux ou de l’un des deux, convertit le jugement de séparation de corps en jugement de divorce. (2) The application for the conversion of legal separation into divorce is filed in accordance with the application for divorce. the ordinary rules relating to (2) La demande en conversion de la séparation de corps en divorce est formée selon les règles ordinaires de demande de divorce. 223 Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 UMUTWE WA XIV: ISANO HAGATI Y’ABABYEYI N’ABANA XIV: CHAPTER BETWEEN PARENTS AND CHILDREN RELATIONSHIP CHAPITRE XIV: RELATION ENTRE PARENTS ET ENFANTS Icyiciro cya mbere: Ingingo rusange ku isano hagati y’ababyeyi n’abana Section One: Common provisions relationship between parents and children on Section première: Dispositions communes à la relation entre parents et enfants
  78. 278

    Umwana hashingiwe ku

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    AI-assisted research summary: A child means a person born to a parent, regardless of age.

    Ingingo ya 278: Umwana hashingiwe ku isano hagati y’umubyeyi n’umwana Article 278: Child based on relationship between a parent and a child Article 278: Enfant sur base de relation entre parent et enfant Ingingo ya 278: Umwana hashingiwe ku isano hagati y’umubyeyi n’umwana Article 278: Child based on relationship between a parent and a child Article 278: Enfant sur base de relation entre parent et enfant Umwana hashingiwe ku isano hagati y’umubyeyi n’umwana bisobanura umuntu ukomoka ku mubyeyi hatitawe ku myaka y’uwo muntu. Taking into account the relationship between parent and child, a child is considered to be a person born to a parent, regardless of age. En tenant compte de la relation entre parent et enfant, est considéré comme enfant une personne issue d’un parent quel que soit son âge.
  79. 279

    Uburyo bwo kororoka

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    AI-assisted research summary: Married spouses may use assisted reproduction with a third party through a written contract under the relevant laws.

    Ingingo ya 279: Uburyo bwo kororoka Article 279: Mode of reproduction Article 279: Mode de procréation 36 Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 Ingingo ya 279: Uburyo bwo kororoka Article 279: Mode of reproduction Article 279: Mode de procréation (1) Kororoka kw’abashyingiranywe bikorwa mu buryo busanzwe cyangwa mu buryo bw’ikoranabuhanga hagati y’umugabo n’umugore. (2) Kororoka mu buryo bw’ikoranabuhanga k’umugabo n’umugore bashyingiranywe bishobora gukorwa kandi hagati yabo n’undi muntu bagiranye amasezerano hakurikijwe amategeko abigenga. ya Ingingo Uburenganzira 280: n’inshingano by’abana bafite inkomoko izwi (1) Reproduction of spouses occurs naturally or by means of assisted reproductive technologies between a man and woman. (2) Assisted reproduction between a married man and woman may occurs between them and a third party through a written contract in accordance with relevant laws. (1) La procréation entre les époux se fait naturellement ou au moyen des techniques de procréation assistée entre homme et femme. (2) La procréation assistée entre un homme et une femme mariés peut aussi se faire entre eux et une tierce personne à travers un contrat écrit conformément aux lois en la matière.
  80. 280

    Uburenganzira n’inshingano

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    AI-assisted research summary: Children whose filiation is established have equal rights and duties toward their parents. A child must honour, respect, and help parents who are in need.

    Ingingo ya 280: Uburenganzira n’inshingano by’abana bafite inkomoko izwi Article 280: Rights and duties of children whose filiation is established Article 280: Droits et devoirs des enfants dont la filiation est établie Icyiciro cya 2: Abana bavutse ku babyeyi bashyingiranywe Section 2: Children born during marriage Section 2: Enfants nés pendant le mariage Akiciro ka mbere: Ufatwa nka se cyangwa nyina w’umwana Subsection One: Presumption of paternity or maternity Sous-section première: Présomption de paternité ou de maternité Article 280: Rights and duties of children whose filiation is established Article 280: Droits et devoirs des enfants dont la filiation est établie (1) Abana bafite inkomoko izwi bagira (1) Children whose filiation is established have (1) Les enfants dont la filiation est établie ont les 224 Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 uburenganzira n’inshingano bimwe ku babyeyi babo hatitawe ku buryo bavutsemo. equal rights and duties vis-a-vis their parents, irrespective of the circumstances of their birth. mêmes droits et devoirs vis-à-vis de leurs parents, quelles que soient les circonstances de leur naissance. (2) Umwana agomba guha agaciro ababyeyi be, kububaha no kubaha ibibatunga igihe babikeneye. (2) The child must honour his or her parents, respect them and cater for them if they are in need. (2) L’enfant doit honorer ses parents, les respecter et les prendre en charge lorsqu’ils sont dans le besoin. Icyiciro cya 2: Abana bavutse ku babyeyi bashyingiranywe Section 2: Children born during marriage Section 2: Enfants nés pendant le mariage Akiciro ka mbere: Ufatwa nka se cyangwa nyina w’umwana Subsection One: Presumption of paternity or maternity Sous-section première: Présomption de paternité ou de maternité
  81. 281

    Ufatwa nka se w’umwana

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    AI-assisted research summary: A child born to married spouses who are living together is presumed to have the mother’s husband as the father.

    Ingingo ya 281: Ufatwa nka se w’umwana Article 281: Presumption of paternity Article 281: Présomption de paternité Ingingo ya 281: Ufatwa nka se w’umwana Article 281: Presumption of paternity Article 281: Présomption de paternité Umwana uvutse ku bashyingiranywe mu gihe babana nta wundi wakwitwa se uretse umugabo wa nyina.
  82. 282

    Ufatwa nka nyina w’umwana

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    AI-assisted research summary: This article defines who is treated as a child’s mother, including a special rule for children born through assisted reproductive technologies.

    Ingingo ya 282: Ufatwa nka nyina w’umwana Article 282: Presumption of maternity Article 282: Présomption de maternité Ingingo ya 282: Ufatwa nka nyina w’umwana Nyina w’umwana ni uwemeza ko yamubyaye. Icyakora, nyina w’umwana wavutse hifashishijwe uburyo bw’ikoranabuhanga ni uwanditse mu masezerano yerekeranye no kororoka uburyo hifashishijwe bw’ikoranabuhanga. A child born during marriage is presumed to be the child of his or her mother’s husband. L’enfant né pendant le mariage n’a pour père que le mari de sa mère. Article 282: Presumption of maternity Article 282: Présomption de maternité The mother of a child is the one who claims to have given birth to the child. However, the mother of a child born reproductive technologies, is the one mentioned in the contract related to that reproduction through technological means. through assisted La mère de l’enfant est celle qui affirme lui avoir donné naissance. Toutefois, la mère d’un enfant né aux moyens des techniques de procréation assistée, est celle mentionnée dans le contrat relatif par moyens procréation la technologiques. à 225
  83. 283

    Igihe umwana uvutse afatwa

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    AI-assisted research summary: A child is presumed to have been conceived during marriage if born after the 180th day after marriage or within 300 days after the marriage ends, unless scientific evidence shows otherwise.

    Ingingo ya 283: Igihe umwana uvutse afatwa ko yasamwe mu gihe abashyingiranywe babanaga Article 283: Presumption of conception during marriage Article 283: Présomption de conception pendant le mariage Akiciro ka k’umugabo 2: Kwihakana umwana Subsection 2: Denial of paternity Sous-section 2: Désaveu de paternité Ingingo ya 283: Igihe umwana uvutse afatwa gihe abashyingiranywe babanaga yasamwe mu ko Hafatwa ko umwana uvutse nyuma y’umunsi wa 180 nyuma y’ishyingirwa cyangwa mu gihe cy’iminsi 300 ishyingirwa riseshwe aba abashyingiranywe yarasamwe mu gihe babanaga ukundi n’ikimenyetso gishingiye ku bumenyi. bigaragajwe uretse Akiciro ka 2: Kwihakana umwana k’umugabo Article 283: Presumption of conception during marriage Article 283: Présomption de conception pendant le mariage A child is presumed to have been conceived during marriage if he or she was born after the 180th day following the celebration of marriage or within 300 days following the dissolution of marriage unless is proved otherwise by scientific it evidence. Est présumé conçu pendant le mariage, l’enfant né après le 180ème jour du mariage ou dans les 300 jours qui suivent la dissolution du mariage à moins qu’il ne soit prouvé autrement par une preuve scientifique. Subsection 2: Denial of paternity Sous-section 2: Désaveu de paternité
  84. 284

    Impamvu zituma umugabo

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    AI-assisted research summary: A man may deny paternity of a child only if one of the listed grounds is shown.

    Ingingo ya 284: Impamvu zituma umugabo yihakana umwana Article 284: Grounds for denial of paternity Article 284: Motifs du désaveu de paternité Ingingo ya 284: Impamvu zituma umugabo yihakana umwana Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 Article 284: Grounds for denial of paternity Article 284: Motifs du désaveu de paternité Umugabo ashobora kwihakana umwana iyo – A man may deny paternity of a child if – L’homme peut désavouer l’enfant lorsque– a) agaragaje ko mu gihe kiri hagati y’umunsi wa 300 n’umunsi wa 180 ibanziriza ry’umwana hari impamvu yatumye atabonana na nyina w’umwana; ivuka b) umwana yavutse hashize iminsi 300 nyuma y’urubanza rwemeza kuba ahantu gihe hatandukanye mu cy’urubanza rw’ubutane cyangwa rwo gutana by’agateganyo; (a) he can prove that during the period between the 300th day and the 180th day before the child’s birth there is a reason that prevented him to cohabit with the mother of the child; (a) il prouve que pendant le temps qui a couru depuis le 300ème jour jusqu’au 180ème jour avant la naissance de cet enfant, il y a un motif qui l’a empêché de cohabiter avec la mère de l’enfant; (b) the child was born after 300 days following the judgment granting separation of residence of spouses involved in divorce proceedings or legal separation; (b) l’enfant est né après 300 jours suivant le jour du jugement autorisant la résidence séparée des époux en instance de divorce ou de séparation de corps; c) umwana yavutse mbere y’iminsi 180 (c) the child was born before 180 days, since the (c) l’enfant est né moins de 180 jours à compter 226 uhereye igihe habereyeho urubanza rwabaye ndakuka rwanga ubutane igihe cyangwa abashyingiranywe ahantu hatandukanye bongeye kubana; uhereye babaga d) atigeze yemera kororoka hifashishijwe iyo atavutse ikoranabuhanga agaragaje ko hifashishijwe ikoranabuhanga; cyangwa umwana e) cyangwa byemejwe n’ibipimo ndangasano ibindi bimenyetso bya by’uturemangingo cyangwa gihanga. Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 final judgment rejecting the application for divorce or since the conciliation of spouses who lived separately; du jugement définitif rejetant la demande en divorce ou de la conciliation des époux qui vivaient séparément; (d) he never consented to assisted reproductive technologies or he proves that the child was not born as a result of an assisted reproduction; or (d) il n’a pas consenti aux techniques de procréation assistée ou il prouve que l’enfant n’est pas issu de cette procréation assistée; ou (e) confirmation by DNA test or other scientific (e) confirmation par le test d’ADN ou d’autres evidence. preuves scientifiques.
  85. 285

    Impamvu zituma umugabo

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    AI-assisted research summary: A husband cannot deny paternity of a child born before the 180th day after marriage if certain facts apply.

    Ingingo ya 285: Impamvu zituma umugabo adashobora kwihakana umwana Article 285: Impediments to denial of paternity Article 285: Causes empêchant le désaveu de paternité Akiciro ka k’umugore 3: Kwihakana umwana Subsection 3: Denial of maternity Sous-section 3: Désaveu de maternité Ingingo ya 285: Impamvu zituma umugabo adashobora kwihakana umwana Umugabo ntashobora kwihakana umwana uvutse mbere y’umunsi wa 180 nyuma y’ishyingirwa iyo – Article 285: Impediments to denial of paternity Article 285: Causes empêchant le désaveu de paternité A husband cannot deny a child born before the 180th day following the celebration if – Le mari ne peut pas désavouer l’enfant né avant le 180ème jour de la célébration du mariage lorsque – (a) mbere y’ishyingirwa yamenye ko uwo (a) he had knowledge of the mother’s pregnancy (a) il a eu connaissance de la grossesse de la bagiye gushyingiranwa atwite; before marriage; mère avant le mariage ; (b) yandikishije umwana mu gitabo (b) he registered the child’s birth; (b) il a déclaré la naissance de l’enfant; cy’abavutse; (c) mbere na nyuma yo kuvuka, yiyemereye kuba se w’umwana, byaba mu mvugo cyangwa mu nyandiko; (c) before and after birth, he conceded that he is the child’s father, either verbally or in writing; or (c) avant et après la naissance, il a reconnu être le père de l’enfant, soit verbalement soit par écrit ; ou 227 Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 (d) spouses have cohabited again for a period of between the 300th day and the 180th day before the child’s birth. (d) les époux ont cohabité à nouveau pendant la période entre le 300ème et 180ème jour précédant la naissance de l’enfant. (d) cyangwa bigaragaye ko abashyingiranywe bongeye kubana mu gihe kiri hagati y’umunsi wa 300 n’umunsi wa 180 ibanziriza ivuka ry’umwana. Akiciro ka 3: Kwihakana umwana k’umugore
  86. 286

    Kwihakana umwana

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    AI-assisted research summary: A woman may deny maternity of a child if she proves she did not give birth to the child.

    Ingingo ya 286: Kwihakana umwana k’umugore Article 286: Denial of maternity Article 286: Désaveu de maternité 37 Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 Icyiciro cya 3: Abana bavutse ku babyeyi batashyingiranywe Section 3: Children born out of wedlock Section 3: Enfants nés hors mariage Akiciro ka mbere: Kwemera umwana wavutse ku babyeyi batashyingiranywe Subsection One: Recognition of a child born out of wedlock Sous-section première: Reconnaissance d’un enfant né hors mariage Ingingo ya 286: Kwihakana umwana k’umugore Subsection 3: Denial of maternity Sous-section 3: Désaveu de maternité Article 286: Denial of maternity Article 286: Désaveu de maternité Umugore ashobora kwihakana umwana iyo agaragaje ko atari we wamubyaye. Akoresha uburyo bwose bwemewe n’amategeko. A woman may deny a child if she proves that she did not give birth to him or her. She uses all legal evidence. Une femme peut refuser la maternité d’un enfant lorsqu’elle prouve qu’elle ne lui a pas donné naissance. Elle recourt à toutes les preuves légales. Icyiciro cya 3: Abana bavutse ku babyeyi batashyingiranywe Section 3: Children born out of wedlock Section 3: Enfants nés hors mariage Akiciro ka mbere: Kwemera umwana wavutse ku babyeyi batashyingiranywe Subsection One: Recognition of a child born out of wedlock Sous-section première: Reconnaissance d’un enfant né hors mariage
  87. 287

    Se na nyina b’umwana

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    AI-assisted research summary: This article defines who counts as the mother and father of a child born out of wedlock.

    Ingingo ya 287: Se na nyina b’umwana wavutse ku babyeyi batashyingiranywe Article 287: Father and mother of a child born out of wedlock Article 287: Père et mère d’un enfant né hors mariage Ingingo ya 287: Se na nyina b’umwana wavutse ku babyeyi batashyingiranywe Article 287: Father and mother of a child born out of wedlock Article 287: Père et mère d’un enfant né hors mariage Nyina w’umwana wavutse ku babyeyi batashyingiranywe ni uwamubyaye kandi cy’inyandiko bikandikwa mu z’amavuko cyangwa wabyemejwe n’urukiko naho se ni uwamwemeye ku giti cye gitabo The mother of a child born out of wedlock is his or her biological mother who is registered in the birth register or was declared by the court to be mother while his or her father is the one who, readily acknowledges the child or is declared by the court La mère de l’enfant né hors mariage est sa mère biologique qui est inscrit dans le registre des naissances ou qui a été déclaré comme telle par décision de justice, tandis que son père est la personne qui l’a reconnu volontairement ou qui 228 Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 cyangwa wabyemejwe n’urukiko. to be his or her father. a été déclaré comme tel par décision de justice.
  88. 288

    Igihe cyo kwemera umwana

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    AI-assisted research summary: A child may be recognized at any time, and the recognition is done before a civil registrar.

    Ingingo ya 288: Igihe cyo kwemera umwana n’aho bikorerwa Article 288: Timeframe and place of recognition of a child Article 288: Délai et lieu de reconnaissance d’un enfant Ingingo kwemerwa ya 289: Umwana ushobora Ingingo ya 288: Igihe cyo kwemera umwana n’aho bikorerwa Article 288: Timeframe and place of recognition of a child Article 288: Délai et lieu de reconnaissance d’un enfant (1) Kwemera umwana igikorwa cy’ubushake, cy’umuntu ku giti cye kandi nta gihe ntarengwa kigira. ni (2) Kwemera umwana bikorerwa imbere w’irangamimerere, y’umwanditsi akabikorera inyandiko. (1) Recognition of a child is a voluntary and personal act and is not subject to any condition as to time limits. (1) La reconnaissance d’un enfant est un acte volontaire dont l’accomplissement n’est soumis à aucune condition de délai. personnel et (2) Recognition of a child is done before a civil registrar, who establishes its record. (2) La reconnaissance d’un enfant est faite devant l’officier de l’état civil, qui en dresse acte.
  89. 289

    A Child who may be recognised

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    AI-assisted research summary: A child may be recognised if the child is living, conceived and later born alive, or deceased but left descendants.

    Article 289: A Child who may be recognised Article 289: Enfant pouvant être reconnu Ingingo ya 289: Umwana ushobora kwemerwa Article 289: A Child who may be recognised Article 289: Enfant pouvant être reconnu Kwemera umwana bishobora gukorerwa – Recognition of a child may occur in respect of – La reconnaissance d’un enfant peut avoir lieu au profit– (a) umwana uriho; (a) a living child; (a) d’un enfant vivant; (b) umwana batwite ariko akavuka ari (b) a conceived child, provided he or she is born (b) d’un enfant simplement conçu à condition muzima; alive; or qu’il naisse vivant; ou (c) cyangwa umwana wapfuye iyo yasize (c) a deceased child if he or she left descendants. (c) d’un enfant décédé si celui-ci a laissé des abamukomokaho. descendants.
  90. 290

    Kwemera umwana gukozwe

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    AI-assisted research summary: If one spouse recognises a child, the other spouse’s consent is not required, and the civil registrar must notify the other spouse.

    Ingingo ya 290: Kwemera umwana gukozwe n’umwe mu bashyingiranywe Article 290: Recognition of a child by one of the spouses Article 290: Reconnaissance d’un enfant par l’un des époux Ingingo ya 290: Kwemera umwana gukozwe n’umwe mu bashyingiranywe Article 290: Recognition of a child by one of the spouses Article 290: Reconnaissance d’un enfant par l’un des époux Kwemera umwana gukozwe n’umwe mu uwo bashyingiranywe ntibisaba ko Recognition of a child by one spouse does not require the other spouse’s consent. It has effect La reconnaissance d’un enfant par l’un des époux n’exige pas le consentement de l’autre 229 abyemera. Kwemera bashyingiranywe umwana kugira inkurikizi ku wamwemeye gusa. Icyakora, uwo bashakanye agomba kumenyeshwa umwana bikozwe n’umwanditsi w’irangamimerere. kwemera uko Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 only in respect of the spouse having recognised the child. However, the other spouse must be notified of such recognition by the civil registrar. époux. Elle n’a d’effets qu’à l’égard de celui qui l’a faite. Toutefois, l’autre époux doit être informé de cette reconnaissance par l’officier de l’état civil.
  91. 291

    Kwemera umwana wemewe

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    AI-assisted research summary: A person may not recognise a child who has already been recognised by someone else unless the first recognition has been annulled by a final court decision.

    Ingingo ya 291: Kwemera umwana wemewe n’undi Article 291: Recognition of a child already recognised by another person Article 291: Reconnaissance d’un enfant déjà reconnu par une autre personne Ingingo ya 291: Kwemera umwana wemewe n’undi Article 291: Recognition of a child already recognised by another person Article 291: Reconnaissance d’un enfant déjà reconnu par une autre personne Umuntu ntashobora kwemera umwana warangije kwemerwa n’undi igihe cyose kwemerwa kwa mbere kutarateshwa agaciro n’icyemezo cy’urukiko cyabaye ndakuka. A person may not recognise a child who has already been recognised by another person until the previous recognition has been annulled by a court decision that has become res judicata. Une personne ne peut pas reconnaître un enfant déjà reconnu par une autre personne aussi longtemps que la reconnaissance précédente n’ait été annulée par une décision de justice coulée en force de chose jugée.
  92. 292

    Kwemerwa k’umwana

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    AI-assisted research summary: A parent who deliberately abandoned a child may later recognise the child if the parent comes forward.

    Ingingo ya 292: Kwemerwa k’umwana watawe n’umubyeyi we Article 292: Recognition of abandoned by his or her parent the child Article 292: Reconnaissance d’un enfant abandonné par son parent Ingingo ya 292: Kwemerwa k’umwana watawe n’umubyeyi we Article 292: Recognition of the child abandoned by his or her parent Article 292: Reconnaissance d’un enfant abandonné par son parent Iyo umubyeyi wataye umwana abishaka abonetse ashobora kumwemera. Icyakora, uko kumwemera ntibimusubiza ububasha bwa kibyeyi iyo umwana yari yaragizwe umwana n’utaramubyaye. A parent having deliberately abandoned a child may recognise the child if he or she appears. However, the recognition cannot restore parental authority if the child has been adopted. reconnaitre Un parent ayant délibérément abandonné un enfant peut lorsqu’il parvient à se faire connaître. Toutefois, la reconnaissance ne peut pas restaurer l’autorité parentale lorsque l’enfant a été adopté. l’enfant Ingingo n’inshingano by’umwana wemewe 293: ya Uburenganzira
  93. 293

    Uburenganzira n’inshingano

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    AI-assisted research summary: A recognised child has the same rights and duties as a legitimate child, but only in relation to the spouse who recognised the child.

    Ingingo ya 293: Uburenganzira n’inshingano by’umwana wemewe Article 293: Rights and duties of a recognised child Article 293: Droits et devoirs d’un enfant reconnu Article 293: Rights and duties of a recognised child Article 293: Droits et devoirs d’un enfant reconnu Umwana wemewe n’uwamubyaye afite uburenganzira bimwe n’iby’abana bakomoka ku bashyingiranywe ariko ku ruhande rw’uwamwemeye gusa. n’inshingano A recognised child has the same rights and duties as legitimate children but only in respect of the spouse having recognised him or her. L’enfant reconnu par son parent a les mêmes droits et devoirs que l’enfant légitime mais seulement à l’égard de l’époux qui l’a reconnu. 230 Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024
  94. 294

    Gutambamira kwemera

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    AI-assisted research summary: An interested person may oppose the recognition of a child when the recognition is made by someone pretending to be the child’s father or mother.

    Ingingo ya 294: Gutambamira kwemera umwana Article 294: Opposition to recognition of a child Article 294: Opposition à la reconnaissance d’un enfant Akiciro ka 2: Kwemerwa k’umwana nk’uvuka ku babyeyi bashyingiranywe Subsection 2: Legitimisation of a child born out of wedlock Sous-section 2: Légitimation d’un enfant né hors mariage 38 Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 Ingingo ya 294: Gutambamira kwemera umwana Article 294: Opposition to recognition of a child Article 294: Opposition à la reconnaissance d’un enfant Kwemera umwana biturutse ku wiyita se cyangwa nyina bishobora gutambamirwa n’umuntu ubifitemo inyungu. Recognition of a child by a person who pretends to be his or her father or mother may be subject to opposition from an interested person. La reconnaissance d’un enfant de la part d’une personne qui prétend être son père ou sa mère peut faire l’objet de l’opposition par une personne intéressée. Akiciro ka 2: Kwemerwa k’umwana nk’uvuka ku babyeyi bashyingiranywe Subsection 2: Legitimisation of a child born out of wedlock Sous-section 2: Légitimation d’un enfant né hors mariage
  95. 295

    Kwemerwa k’umwana

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    AI-assisted research summary: A child born to unmarried parents is treated as born to married parents if both parents accept the child during their marriage.

    Ingingo ya 295: Kwemerwa k’umwana nk’uvuka ku babyeyi bashyingiranywe biturutse ku gushyingirwa Article 295: Legitimisation of a child born out of wedlock through marriage Article 295: Légitimation par le mariage d’un enfant né hors mariage Ingingo ya 295: Kwemerwa k’umwana nk’uvuka ku babyeyi bashyingiranywe biturutse ku gushyingirwa Article 295: Legitimisation of a child born out of wedlock through marriage Article 295: Légitimation par le mariage d’un enfant né hors mariage wavutse babyeyi Umwana batashyingiranywe yemerwa nk’uwavutse ku bashyingiranywe iyo se na nyina bamwemeye mu gihe cyo gushyingirwa kwabo. ku
  96. 296

    Kwandikwa k’ukwemerwa

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    AI-assisted research summary: A child’s legitimisation is registered in the civil register, and it takes effect from registration.

    Ingingo ya 296: Kwandikwa k’ukwemerwa k’umwana babyeyi bashyingiranywe n’inkurikizi zako nk’uvuka ku Article 296: Registration of legitimisation of a child and its effects Article 296: Transcription de la légitimation d’un enfant et ses effets Ingingo ya 296: Kwandikwa k’ukwemerwa k’umwana babyeyi bashyingiranywe n’inkurikizi zako nk’uvuka ku A child born out of wedlock is considered to be legitimised through his or her father’s and mother’s marriage if both of them recognise the child at the time of marriage celebration. L’enfant né hors mariage est présumé être légitimé par le mariage de son père et de sa mère lorsqu’il est reconnu par eux au moment de la célébration du mariage. Article 296: Registration of legitimisation of a child and its effects Article 296: Transcription de la légitimation d’un enfant et ses effets (1) Kwemerwa k’umwana nk’uvuka ku babyeyi bashyingiranywe kwandikwa mu by’aho by’irangamimerere bitabo ishyingirwa ryabereye cyangwa by’aho umwana yavukiye. Uko kwemerwa k’umwana kwandikwa mu nyandiko y’ivuka. (1) A legitimisation of a child is registered in a civil register at the place of celebration of the marriage or at the place of the child’s birth. The legitimisation is registered in the birth record. (1) La légitimation d’un enfant est transcrite sur les registres de l’état civil du lieu où le mariage a été célébré ou du lieu où l’enfant est né. La légitimation est mentionnée à l’acte de naissance. 231 (2) Inkurikizi zo kwemerwa k’umwana nk’uvuka ku babyeyi bashyingiranywe zitangira iyandikwa ryakorewe. uhereye igihe Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 (2) Legitimisation becomes effective from (2) La légitimation produit ses effets à partir de registration. la transcription.
  97. 297

    Kwemerwa k’umwana

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    AI-assisted research summary: A child’s legitimisation may still take place even if the person has died, if that person left descendants.

    Ingingo ya 297: Kwemerwa k’umwana nk’uvuka ku babyeyi bashyingiranywe nyuma y’urupfu rwe Article 297: Legitimisation of a child after his or her death Article 297: Légitimation d’un enfant après son décès Ingingo ya 297: Kwemerwa k’umwana nk’uvuka ku babyeyi bashyingiranywe nyuma y’urupfu rwe Article 297: Legitimisation of a child after his or her death Article 297: Légitimation d’un enfant après son décès Kwemerwa k’umwana nk’uvuka ku babyeyi bashyingiranywe gushobora no gukorerwa umuntu asize abamukomokaho. wapfuye ariko ya Ingingo n’inshingano nk’uvuka ku babyeyi bashyingiranywe 298: by’umwana Uburenganzira wemewe Legitimisation of a child may also occur in favour of deceased person having left descendants. La légitimation d’un enfant peut avoir lieu même en faveur d’une personne décédée qui a laissé des descendants.
  98. 298

    Uburenganzira n’inshingano

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    AI-assisted research summary: A legitimised child has the same rights and duties as a child born in wedlock.

    Ingingo ya 298: Uburenganzira n’inshingano by’umwana wemewe nk’uvuka ku babyeyi bashyingiranywe Article 298: Rights and duties of legitimised child Article 298: Droits et devoirs d’un enfant légitimé Icyiciro cya 4: Ibirego byerekeye isano y’umubyeyi n’abamukomokaho Section 4: Claims related to paternity or maternity Section 4: Actions relatives à la paternité ou à la maternité Akiciro ka mbere: Ikirego cyo kwihakana umwana Subsection One: Claim to deny paternity or maternity Sous-section première: Action en désaveu de paternité ou de maternité Article 298: Rights and duties of legitimised child Article 298: Droits et devoirs d’un enfant légitimé Umwana wemewe nk’uvuka ku babyeyi bashyingiranywe uburenganzira n’inshingano bimwe nk’iby’umwana wavutse ku bashyingiranywe. agira A legitimised child has the same rights and duties as a child born in wedlock. L’enfant légitimé a les mêmes droits et devoirs que l’enfant né du mariage. Icyiciro cya 4: Ibirego byerekeye isano y’umubyeyi n’abamukomokaho Section 4: Claims related to paternity or maternity Section 4: Actions relatives à la paternité ou à la maternité Akiciro ka mbere: Ikirego cyo kwihakana umwana Subsection One: Claim to deny paternity or maternity Sous-section première: Action en désaveu de paternité ou de maternité 232 Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024
  99. 299

    Ikirego cyo kwihakana

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    AI-assisted research summary: A father or mother may file a claim to deny paternity or maternity while alive, no one else may file it for them, and the competent court is the court of the child’s domicile.

    Ingingo ya 299: Ikirego cyo kwihakana umwana Article 299: Claim to deny paternity or maternity Article 299: Action en désaveu de paternité ou de maternité Ingingo ya 299: Ikirego cyo kwihakana umwana Article 299: Claim to deny paternity or maternity Article 299: Action en désaveu de paternité ou de maternité (1) Ikirego cyo kwihakana umwana gitangwa na se cyangwa nyina w’umwana mu gihe akiriho. Nta wundi muntu ushobora kugitanga mu izina ryabo. (1) A claim to deny paternity or maternity is filed by the father or mother of the child during his or her lifetime. No other person may file it on their behalf. (1) L’action en désaveu de paternité ou de maternité n’appartient qu’au père ou à la mère de l’enfant de son vivant. Aucune autre personne ne peut l’exercer en leur nom. (2) Ikirego cyo kwihakana umwana kiregwa umwana. Iyo umwana adafite imyaka y’ubukure, kiregwa umwana mu izina ry’umuhagarariye ushobora kuba se cyangwa nyina yaba adahari cyangwa adafite agahagararirwa n’umwishingizi, uwamugize umwana ataramubyaye imiryango iharanira uburenganzira bw’umwana. ubushobozi cyangwa in (2) A claim to deny paternity or maternity is brought against the child. If the child does not have majority age, the claim is brought against the child the name of his or her representative who may be his father or mother, or, in case of their absence or incapacity, the child is represented by his or her guardian, his or her adoptive parent or children’s rights organisations. (2) L’action en désaveu de paternité ou de maternité est dirigée contre l’enfant. Si l’enfant n’a pas l’âge de majorité, l’action est dirigée contre l’enfant en la personne de son représentant qui peut être sa mère ou son père, ou, en cas de leur absence ou de leur incapacité, l’enfant est représenté par son tuteur, les organisations de défense des droits de l’enfant. adoptif ou parent son (3) Urukiko rufite ububasha bwo kuburanisha ikirego cyo kwihakana umwana ni urw’aho umwana atuye. (3) The competent court to hear the action to deny paternity or maternity is that of the place of the child’s domicile. (3) La juridiction compétente pour statuer sur l’action en désaveu de paternité ou de maternité est celle du domicile de l’enfant.
  100. 300

    Uwemerewe gukomeza

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    AI-assisted research summary: If a presumed father or mother dies after filing a claim to deny paternity or maternity without withdrawing it, the heirs may continue the claim.

    Ingingo ya 300: Uwemerewe gukomeza ikirego cyo kwihakana umwana iyo uwitwa se cyangwa nyina yapfuye Article 300: Person eligible to continue a claim to deny paternity or maternity after the death of the presumed father or mother Article 300: Personne autorisée à poursuivre l’action en désaveu de paternité ou de maternité après le décès du prétendu père ou mère 39 Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 Ingingo ya 300: Uwemerewe gukomeza ikirego cyo kwihakana umwana iyo uwitwa se cyangwa nyina yapfuye Article 300: Person eligible to continue a claim to deny paternity or maternity after the death of the presumed father or mother Article 300: Personne autorisée à poursuivre l’action en désaveu de paternité ou de maternité après le décès du prétendu père ou mère Iyo uwitwa se cyangwa nyina w’umwana apfuye yaratanze ikirego cyo kwihakana umwana kandi atarakiretse, umuzungura we If a presumed father or mother dies after having filed a claim to deny paternity or maternity without having withdrawn it, his or her heirs may continue Lorsque le prétendu père ou mère est décédé après avoir intenté l’action en désaveu de paternité ou de maternité et sans s’être désisté, 233 Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 ashobora kugikomeza mu gihe kitarenze amezi atandatu abarwa uhereye ku munsi yapfiriyeho. the claim within six months from the date of his or her death. l’instance ses héritiers peuvent endéans six mois à compter de la date de son décès. reprendre
  101. 301

    Igihe cyo gutanga ikirego cyo

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    AI-assisted research summary: A claim to deny paternity or maternity must be filed within six months from when the presumed father or mother learns the child is not theirs.

    Ingingo ya 301: Igihe cyo gutanga ikirego cyo kwihakana umwana Article 301: Timeframe to file a claim to deny paternity or maternity Article 301: Délai pour intenter une action en désaveu de paternité ou de maternité Ingingo ya 301: Igihe cyo gutanga ikirego cyo kwihakana umwana Article 301: Timeframe to file a claim to deny paternity or maternity Article 301: Délai pour intenter une action en désaveu de paternité ou de maternité (1) Ikirego cyo kwihakana umwana gitangwa mu gihe kitarenze amezi atandatu abarwa uhereye ku munsi uwitwa se cyangwa nyina yamenyeye ko umwana atari uwe. (1) The claim to deny paternity or maternity is filed within six months from the date the presumed father or mother found that the child does not belong to him or her. (2) Iyo umuntu yari yarambuwe ubushobozi mbere y’ivuka ry’umwana yihakana cyangwa mbere yo gusaza kw’ikirego, icyo gihe gitangira kubarwa uhereye ku munsi ubushobozi bikuriweho. kwamburwa (2) If a person was declared to be incapacitated before the birth of the child in respect of whom he or she denies paternity or maternity or before the prescription of the claim, the period commences from the date of reinstatement of his or her legal capacity.
  102. 302

    Kwandika urubanza rwo

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    AI-assisted research summary: The court registrar must notify the child’s civil registrar of the final judgment on non-paternity or non-maternity.

    Ingingo ya 302: Kwandika urubanza rwo kwihakana umwana Article 302: Registration of a judgment establishing non-paternity or non-maternity Article 302: Transcription du jugement la non- la non-paternité ou établissant maternité Ingingo ya 302: Kwandika urubanza rwo kwihakana umwana Article 302: Registration of a establishing non-paternity or non-maternity judgment (1) Umwanditsi w’urukiko rwaciye ku rwego rwa nyuma urubanza rwo kwihakana umwanditsi umwana w’irangamimerere w’aho umwana atuye icyemezo cyerekeye cy’urukiko kwihakana umwana. amenyesha (1) The registrar of the court having decided the non-paternity or non-maternity case in the last instance informs the civil registrar of the domicile of the child, the court decision related to the denial of paternity or maternity. (1) Le mari ou la femme intente l’action en désaveu de paternité ou de maternité endéans six mois à compter de la date où le prétendu père ou mère a découvert que l’enfant ne lui appartient pas. (2) En cas d’interdiction de la personne prononcée soit avant la naissance de l’enfant qu’elle désavoue ou avant la prescription de l’action, ce délai ne commence à courir que le jour de la mainlevée de l’interdiction. Article 302: Transcription du jugement établissant la non- la non-paternité ou maternité (1) Le greffier de la juridiction qui a statué en dernier ressort sur l’affaire en désaveu de paternité ou de maternité informe l’officier de l’état civil du lieu du domicile de l’enfant, la décision de la juridiction sur le désaveu de paternité ou de maternité. (2) Urubanza rwemeza ko umuntu atari se (2) The judgment establishing non-paternity or (2) Le jugement établissant la non-paternité ou 234 Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 cyangwa nyina w’umwana rwandikwa mu gitabo cy’inyandiko y’amavuko bisabwe n’uwamwihakanye cyangwa undi muntu ubifitemo inyungu. non-maternity is entered in the register of birth records upon request of the father or mother who filed the claim to deny paternity or maternity or by an interested person. la non-maternité est transcrit sur le registre des actes de naissance sur demande du mari ou la femme qui a intenté l’action en désaveu de paternité ou de maternité ou une par une personne intéressée.
  103. 303

    Inkurikizi zo kwihakana

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    AI-assisted research summary: If a court confirms a child is not the father’s or mother’s child, the child loses rights and duties linked to that presumed parent. If both paternity and maternity are denied, the child is under State guardianship.

    Ingingo ya 303: Inkurikizi zo kwihakana umwana Article 303: Effects of denial of paternity or maternity Article 303: Effets du désaveu de paternité ou de maternité Akiciro ka 2: Ikirego cy’umwana kigamije gushaka se cyangwa nyina Subsection 2: Claim to establish paternity or maternity Sous-section 2: Action en recherche de paternité ou de maternité Ingingo ya 303: Inkurikizi zo kwihakana umwana Article 303: Effects of denial of paternity or maternity Article 303: Effets du désaveu de paternité ou de maternité (1) Iyo urukiko rwemeje ko umuntu atari we se cyangwa nyina w’umwana mu rubanza rwo kwihakana umwana, umwana atakaza uburenganzira n’inshingano yari afite ku wo yitaga se cyangwa nyina. (1) A child whose non-paternity or non-maternity is established through a court decision to deny paternity or maternity, loses rights and duties related to his or her presumed father or mother. (2) Iyo abo yitaga se na nyina bamwihakanye bombi, umwana yishingirwa na Leta. (2) If paternity and maternity are denied, the child is under the guardianship of the State. (1) Un enfant dont la non-paternité ou la non- maternité est établie suite à la décision de la juridiction de désaveu de paternité ou de maternité, perd les droits et devoirs en rapport avec son prétendu père ou mère. (2) En cas du désaveu de paternité et de maternité, l’enfant est sous la tutelle de l’État. Akiciro ka 2: Ikirego cy’umwana kigamije gushaka se cyangwa nyina Subsection 2: Claim to establish paternity or maternity Sous-section 2: Action en recherche de paternité ou de maternité
  104. 304

    Ikirego cy’umwana ushaka

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    AI-assisted research summary: A child born out of wedlock may file a court claim to have paternity or maternity established.

    Ingingo ya 304: Ikirego cy’umwana ushaka kwemerwa na se cyangwa nyina Article 304: Claim to establish paternity or maternity Article 304: Action en recherche de paternité ou de maternité Ingingo ya 304: Ikirego cy’umwana ushaka kwemerwa na se cyangwa nyina Article 304: Claim to establish paternity or maternity Article 304: Action en recherche de paternité ou de maternité Ikirego cy’umwana ushaka kwemerwa na se cyangwa nyina ni ikirego gitangwa n’umwana wavutse ku batarashyingiranywe ushaka kwemerwa nk’umwana wabo byemejwe n’urukiko. A claim to establish paternity or maternity is the one filed by a child born out of wedlock to have his or her filiation established by the court. L’action en recherche de paternité ou de maternité est une action intentée par un enfant né hors mariage qui veut faire déclarer sa filiation par le tribunal. 235 Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024
  105. 305

    Uwemerewe gutanga ikirego

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    AI-assisted research summary: The child may file a paternity or maternity claim if the child has reached the age of majority; otherwise the mother, father, child-rights organisations, or another legally recognised representative may bring it for the child. Heirs cannot file the claim, but they may continue a claim already filed by the child.

    Ingingo ya 305: Uwemerewe gutanga ikirego kigamije gushaka kwemerwa na se cyangwa nyina Article 305: Person eligible to file a claim to establish paternity or maternity Article 305: Personne autorisée à exercer l’action en recherche de paternité ou de maternité Ingingo ya 305: Uwemerewe gutanga ikirego kigamije gushaka kwemerwa na se cyangwa nyina Article 305: Person eligible to file a claim to establish paternity or maternity (1) Uwemerewe gutanga ikirego kigamije gushaka kwemerwa na se cyangwa nyina w’umwana ni umwana ubwe igihe afite imyaka y’ubukure. (2) Iyo zina umwana ataragira imyaka y’ubukure, ikirego gitangwa na nyina cyangwa ry’umwana mu kigatangwa na se mu gihe ashakisha nyina. iharanira Imiryango uburenganzira bw’umwana cyangwa wemewe undi n’amategeko, gutanga ikirego mu izina ry’umwana. umuhagarariye ashobora (3) Iyo ikirego cy’umwana ushaka kwemerwa na se cyangwa nyina gitangiwe rimwe n’abana benshi bashaka se cyangwa nyina umwe, ikirego kiba kimwe kandi amafaranga y’ingwate y’amagarama agatangwa nk’aho urega ari umwe. (1) A person eligible to file a claim to establish paternity or maternity is the child himself or herself having attained the age of majority. (2) If the child has not yet reached the age of majority, the action shall be brought on the child's behalf by his or her mother or father, by organisations for the defence of the rights of the child or by any other legally recognised representative. (3) If a claim to establish paternity or maternity is brought simultaneously by several children in respect of the same father or mother, the claim is considered to be one claim while the deposit for court fees is made as if it were one plaintiff. (4) Ikirego cy’umwana ushaka kwemerwa na se cyangwa nyina ntigishobora gutangwa n’abazungura be. Icyakora, abazungura be bafite ububasha bwo gukomeza ikirego yatanze. (4) The claim to establish paternity or maternity cannot be filed by the heirs of the child seeking paternity or maternity. However, the heirs are entitled to pursue the claim filed by that child. 236 Article 305: Personne autorisée à exercer l’action en recherche de paternité ou de maternité (1) La personne autorisée à intenter une action en recherche de paternité ou de maternité est l’enfant lui-même qui a atteint l’âge de la majorité. (2) Lorsque l’enfant n’a pas encore atteint l’âge de la majorité, l’action est exercée pour le compte de l’enfant par sa mère ou son père, les organisations de défense des droits de l’enfant représentant tout légalement reconnu. autre ou (3) Lorsque l’action en recherche de paternité ou de maternité est exercée en même temps par plusieurs enfants qui recherchent un même père ou une même mère, l’action est unique et frais de le paiement des consignation se fait comme si c’était un seul demandeur. (4) L’action en recherche de paternité ou de maternité n’est pas transmise aux héritiers d’un enfant qui cherche la paternité ou la maternité. Toutefois, les héritiers peuvent poursuivre l’action intentée par cet enfant.
  106. 306

    Impamvu zituma ikirego

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    AI-assisted research summary: A child’s paternity claim is admissible only if one of several listed grounds is shown.

    Ingingo ya 306: Impamvu zituma ikirego cy’umwana ushaka kwemerwa na se cyemerwa Article 306: Grounds for admissibility of the claim to establish paternity Article 306: Motifs d’admission de l’action en recherche de paternité Ingingo ya 306: Impamvu zituma ikirego cy’umwana ushaka kwemerwa na se cyemerwa Ikirego cy’umwana ushaka kwemerwa na se cyemerwa iyo – (a) umwana yavutse hagati y’iminsi 180 n’iminsi 300 nyuma y’uko nyina w’umwana yateruwe, yagumishijwe ahantu cyangwa afungiranye yarasambanyijwe ku ngufu; (b) nyina w’umwana yarasambanyijwe hakoreshejwe uburiganya, ububasha amufiteho ku bw’inshingano cyangwa yasezeranyijwe kuzashyingiranwa; Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 Article 306: Grounds for admissibility of the claim to establish paternity Article 306: Motifs d’admission de l’action en recherche de paternité The claim to establish paternity is admissible if – L’action en recherche de paternité est recevable lorsque – (a) the child was born between 180 and 300 days from the kidnapping, unlawful detention or rape of the child’s mother; (a) l'enfant est né entre 180 et 300 jours après l'enlèvement, la détention illégale ou le viol de sa mère; (b) the child’s mother was enticed into sex using tactics, abuse of authority or fraudulent promise of marriage; (b) la séduction de la mère a été accomplie à l’aide de manœuvres dolosives, abus d’autorité ou la promesse de mariage; (c) hari inyandiko cyangwa imvugo idashidikanywaho ko uwo yita se amwemera nk’umwana we; (c) there is clear written or verbal declaration of paternity recognition; (c) il y a aveu écrit ou déclaration non de reconnaissance de équivoque paternité; (d) nyina w’umwana yarabanye n’uwo (d) the child’s mother was engaged in cohabitation (d) la mère de l'enfant cohabitait avec le père umwana yita se; with the child’s presumed father; présumé de l'enfant; (e) umugabo asanzwe amufata nk’uwo (e) the child has possession of status of a yabyaye ku buryo buzwi; legitimate child; (e) il y a possession d’état; (f) byemejwe n’ibipimo ndangasano by’uturemangingo cyangwa ikindi kimenyetso gishingiye ku bumenyi; (f) confirmation by DNA test or other scientific (f) il y a confirmation par le test d’ADN ou evidence; or d’autres preuves scientifiques; ou 237 Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 (g) cyangwa indi mpamvu urukiko rwasanga ifite ishingiro. (g) court. any other ground considered valid by the (g) autre motif jugé valable par le tribunal.
  107. 307

    Impamvu zituma ikirego

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    AI-assisted research summary: A child’s claim to establish maternity is admissible only if one of the listed grounds is shown.

    Ingingo ya 307: Impamvu zituma ikirego cy’umwana ushaka kwemerwa na nyina cyemerwa Article 307: Grounds for admissibility of the claim to establish maternity Article 307: Motifs d’admission de l’action en recherche de maternité Ingingo ya 307: Impamvu zituma ikirego cy’umwana ushaka kwemerwa na nyina cyemerwa Article 307: Grounds for admissibility of the claim to establish maternity Article 307: Motifs d’admission de l’action en recherche de maternité Ikirego cy’umwana ushaka kwemerwa na nyina cyemerwa iyo – The maternity claim is admissible if – L’action en recherche de maternité est admise lorsque – (a) umugore asanzwe afata umwana nk’uwo yabyaye ku buryo buzwi; (a) there is possession of status of a legitimate (a) il y a possession d’état; child; (b) ivuka rye rifite aho rihurira no kubyara k’uregwa, hifashishijwe ibimenyetso; (b) the child’s birth and the delivery of the respondent are connected based on evidence; (b) la naissance de l’enfant corrobore avec l’accouchement de la défenderesse sur base de preuve; (c) byemejwe n’ibipimo ndangasano by’uturemangingo cyangwa ikindi kimenyetso gishingiye ku bumenyi; (c) there is confirmation by DNA test or other (c) il y a confirmation par le test d’ADN ou scientific evidence; or d’autres preuves scientifiques; ou (d) cyangwa indi mpamvu urukiko (d) Any other ground considered valid by the (d) autre motif jugé valide par le tribunal. rwasanga ifite ishingiro. court.
  108. 308

    Kudasaza kw’ikirego

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    AI-assisted research summary: A claim to establish paternity or maternity does not expire by prescription.

    Ingingo ya 308: Kudasaza kw’ikirego kigamije gushaka kwemerwa na se cyangwa nyina Article 308: Prescription for paternity or maternity claim Article 308: Prescription de l’action en recherche de paternité ou de maternité 40 Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 Ingingo ya 308: Kudasaza kw’ikirego kigamije gushaka kwemerwa na se cyangwa nyina Article 308: Prescription for paternity or maternity claim Article 308: Prescription de l’action en recherche de paternité ou de maternité Ikirego kigamije gushaka kwemerwa na se cyangwa nyina w’umwana ntigisaza. A claim to establish paternity or maternity is imprescriptible. L’action en recherche de paternité ou de maternité est imprescriptible. 238 Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 ya Uburenganzira 309: Ingingo n’inshingano by’umwana wabonye se cyangwa nyina Umwana wabonye se cyangwa nyina nyuma y’icyemezo cy’urukiko, afite uburenganzira n’inshingano bimwe n’iby’abana bakomoka ruhande ku bashyingiranywe ariko ku rw’umubyeyi bireba.
  109. 309

    Uburenganzira n’inshingano

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    AI-assisted research summary: A child whose paternity or maternity is established by a court decision has the same rights and duties as a child born in wedlock, but only in relation to the spouse concerned.

    Ingingo ya 309: Uburenganzira n’inshingano by’umwana wabonye se cyangwa nyina Article 309: Rights and duties of a child whose paternity or maternity is established Article 309: Droits et devoirs d’un enfant dont la paternité ou la maternité est établie Article 309: Rights and duties of a child whose paternity or maternity is established Article 309: Droits et devoirs d’un enfant dont la paternité ou la maternité est établie is A child, whose paternity or maternity established through a court decision, has the same rights and duties as children born in wedlock but only in respect of the spouse concerned. Un enfant dont la paternité ou la maternité est établie suite à la décision de la juridiction a les mêmes droits et devoirs que les enfants nés dans le mariage à l’égard de l’époux concerné.
  110. 310

    Kwandika urubanza

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    AI-assisted research summary: The court registrar must notify the civil registrars about a final paternity or maternity judgment, and the judgment is registered in the child’s civil records on request.

    Ingingo ya 310: Kwandika urubanza rwemeza kuba se cyangwa nyina w’umwana Article 310: Registration of a judgment establishing paternity or maternity Article 310: Transcription du jugement établissant la paternité ou la maternité Akiciro ka 3: Ikirego cy’umwana kigamije kwihakana se cyangwa nyina Subsection 3: Claim of a child denying a father or a mother Sous-section 3: Action de l’enfant en désaveu du père ou de la mère Ingingo ya 310: Kwandika urubanza cyangwa nyina se rwemeza kuba w’umwana rwemeza (1) Umwanditsi w’urukiko rwaciye ku rwego se rwa nyuma urubanza cyangwa nyina w’umwana amenyesha icyemezo umwanditsi cy’urukiko w’irangamimerere w’aho umwana aba n’uw’aho uwemejwe ko ari we se cyangwa nyina aba cyangwa atuye. (2) Urubanza rwemeza kuba se cyangwa nyina w’umwana rwandikwa mu gitabo cy’inyandiko zerekeye kwemera abana bavutse ku batarashyingiranywe no mu nyandiko y’ivuka y’umwana bisabwe n’uwatanze cyangwa umuhagarariye. ikirego Article 310: Registration of a establishing paternity or maternity judgment Article 310: Transcription du jugement établissant la paternité ou la maternité (1) The registrar of the court that decided the paternity or maternity case in the last instance informs the court decision to the civil registrar of the place of residence of the child and that of the place of residence or domicile of the established father or mother. (1) Le greffier de la juridiction qui a statué en dernier ressort sur l’affaire en recherche de paternité ou de maternité informe la décision de la juridiction à l’officier de l’état civil du lieu de résidence de l’enfant et celui du lieu de résidence ou du domicile de la personne établie comme père ou mère de l’enfant. (2) The judgment establishing paternity or maternity is registered in the register of records of recognition of children born out of wedlock and in the birth record of the child upon request of the claimant or his or her representative. (2) Le jugement établissant la paternité ou la maternité est inscrit au registre des actes de reconnaissance des enfants nés hors mariage et dans l'acte de naissance de l'enfant à la demande du demandeur ou de son représentant. 239 Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 Akiciro ka 3: Ikirego cy’umwana kigamije kwihakana se cyangwa nyina Subsection 3: Claim of a child denying a father or a mother Sous-section 3: Action de l’enfant en désaveu du père ou de la mère
  111. 311

    Ikirego cyo kwihakana se

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    AI-assisted research summary: A child may deny a presumed father or mother if there is evidence the presumed parent is not the true parent.

    Ingingo ya 311: Ikirego cyo kwihakana se cyangwa nyina Article 311: Claim for denying a father or a mother Article 311: Action en désaveu du père ou de la mère UMUTWE WA XV: KUBERA UMUBYEYI UMWANA UTABYAYE Icyiciro cya mbere: Kubera umubyeyi umwana utabyaye ku buryo bworoheje Ingingo ya 311: Ikirego cyo kwihakana se cyangwa nyina Article 311: Claim for denying a father or a mother Article 311: Action en désaveu du père ou de la mère Umwana ashobora kwihakana se cyangwa nyina iyo afite ibimenyetso byemeza ko uwitwa se cyangwa nyina atari we w’ukuri. Icyo kirego gitangwa mu buryo bumwe n’ubw’ikirego cy’umwana kigamije gushaka se cyangwa nyina. A child may deny his or her father or mother in case there is evidence that his or her presumed father or mother is not his or her true father or mother. The claim for denying a father or mother is filed in the same procedure as the claim seeking paternity or maternity. Un enfant peut désavouer son père ou sa mère en cas de preuve que le prétendu père ou mère n’est pas le véritable père ou mère. Cette action en désaveu du père ou de la mère est introduite suivant la même procédure que l’action en recherche de paternité ou de maternité. UMUTWE WA UMUBYEYI UMWANA UTABYAYE XV: KUBERA Icyiciro cya mbere: Kubera umubyeyi umwana utabyaye ku buryo bworoheje
  112. 312

    Uburyo bwo kubera

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    AI-assisted research summary: Simple adoption is a form of adoption that keeps the adoptee’s lineage link with the family of origin.

    Ingingo ya 312: Uburyo bwo kubera umubyeyi umwana utabyaye ku buryo bworoheje Article 312: Simple adoption form Article 312: Forme d’adoption simple Ingingo ya 312: Uburyo bwo kubera umubyeyi umwana utabyaye ku buryo bworoheje Kubera umubyeyi umwana utabyaye ku buryo bworoheje ni uburyo bwo kubera umubyeyi umwana utabyaye ariko isano muzi afitanye n’umuryango akomokamo igakomeza. CHAPTER XV: ADOPTION CHAPITRE XV: ADOPTION Section one: Simple adoption Section première: Adoption simple Article 312: Simple adoption form Article 312: Forme d’adoption simple Simple adoption is a form of adoption that maintains the lineage link with the adoptee’s family of origin. L’adoption simple est une forme d’adoption qui maintient le lien de lignage avec la famille d’origine de l'adopté. 240
  113. 313

    Impamvu zituma habaho

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    AI-assisted research summary: Simple adoption may be granted if one of the listed child/parent situations exists.

    Ingingo ya 313: Impamvu zituma habaho kubera umubyeyi umwana utabyaye ku buryo bworoheje Article 313: Grounds for simple adoption Article 313: Motifs de l’adoption simple Ingingo ya 313: Impamvu zituma habaho kubera umubyeyi umwana utabyaye ku buryo bworoheje Kubera umubyeyi umwana utabyaye ku buryo bworoheje byemerwa kubera imwe mu mpamvu zikurikira: Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 Article 313: Grounds for simple adoption Article 313: Motifs de l’adoption simple Simple adoption is granted under one of the following circumstances: L’adoption simple est admise dans l’un des cas suivants: (a) umwana ari imfubyi ku babyeyi bombi; (a) the child is a total orphan; (a) l’enfant est orphelin de père et mère; umubyeyi (b) umwana ari imfubyi ku mubyeyi umwe akaba kandi adashobora kurangiza inshingano za kibyeyi byemejwe n’urwego rusuzuma ibisabwa mu kubera umubyeyi umwana utabyaye; usigaye (b) the child is an orphan to one parent and the surviving parent is considered incapable of ensuring parental responsibilities by the organ responsible for analyzing the requirement for adoption; (b) l’enfant est orphelin d’un parent et le parent survivant est considéré comme incapable d’assurer les responsabilités l’organe parentales par chargé d’analyser conditions requises pour adoption; les (c) umwana ufite ababyeyi bambuwe (c) the child whose parents are deprived of (c) l’enfant dont les parents sont déchus de ububasha bwa kibyeyi; parental authority; l’autorité parentale; (d) umwana ufite ababyeyi bafite uburwayi bwo mu mutwe cyangwa ubundi burwayi bwemejwe na muganga butuma batabasha kuzuza inshingano za kibyeyi; (d) the child whose parents have a mental illness or other illness established by an agreed medical doctor and preventing them from assuming parental responsibilities; (d) l’enfant dont les parents ont une maladie mentale ou une autre maladie constatée par un médecin agréé et les empêchant d’assumer les responsabilités parentales; (e) umwana uvuka ku mubyeyi ufite uburwayi bwo mu mutwe undi mubyeyi akaba cyangwa yarazimiye; yarabuze atazwi, (e) a child whose parent has a mental illness and the other parent is unknown, absent or has disappeared; (e) l’enfant dont le parent a une maladie l’autre parent est mentale et dont inconnu, disparu ou absent ; (f) umwana ufite umubyeyi umwe gusa kandi akaba yarakatiwe igifungo kiri hejuru y’imyaka 5; (f) the child whose only parent is sentenced to imprisonment of more than 5 years; 241 (f) l’enfant dont son seul parent est peine condamné d’emprisonnement de plus de 5 ans; à une Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 (g) umwana ababyeyi be bombi bakatiwe (g) the child whose both parents are sentenced to igifungo kiri hejuru y’imyaka 5; imprisonment of more than 5 years; (g) l’enfant dont les deux parents sont peine condamnés d’emprisonnement de plus de 5 ans; à une (h) indi mpamvu yakwemezwa n’urwego (h) any other reason as may be considered valid by rufite abana mu nshingano. the Organ in charge of children. (h) autre motif jugé valable par l’organe ayant les enfants dans ses attributions.
  114. 314

    Kwemera ko habaho kubera

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    AI-assisted research summary: Simple adoption needs consent from the child’s parents, or from another listed person or body when the parents cannot consent.

    Ingingo ya 314: Kwemera ko habaho kubera umubyeyi umwana utabyaye ku buryo bworoheje CHAPTER XV: ADOPTION CHAPITRE XV: ADOPTION Section one: Simple adoption Section première: Adoption simple Article 314: Consent for simple adoption Article 314: Consentement pour l’adoption simple Ingingo ya n’umuryango w’inkomoko 315: Gukomeza isano Ingingo ya 314: Kwemera ko habaho kubera umubyeyi umwana utabyaye ku buryo bworoheje (1) Iyo kubera umubyeyi umwana utabyaye ku buryo bworoheje bigiye gukorwa ku mwana ugifite se na nyina, bagomba kubanza kubyemera bombi kabone n’iyo baba baratanye. Article 314: Consent for simple adoption Article 314: Consentement pour l’adoption simple (1) If simple adoption is to occur for a child who has both parents, they must consent to the adoption, even in case where they are divorced. (1) Lorsque l’adoption doit se faire pour l’enfant ayant ses deux parents, ils doivent consentir à l’adoption, même dans le cas où ils ont divorcé. (2) Iyo umwe mu babyeyi yapfuye cyangwa adafite ubushobozi bwo kugaragaza icyo atekereza, yarazimiye cyangwa yarabuze, kwemera kuba guhagije. k’umubyeyi umwe (2) If one of the parents is dead or in a state of incapacity to express his or her will or if he or she has been absent or has disappeared, the consent of one parent is sufficient. (2) Lorsque l’un des parents est décédé ou se trouve dans l’incapacité de manifester sa volonté, lorsqu’il est absent ou a disparu, le consentement d’un parent suffit. (3) Iyo umwana atagifite se na nyina, cyangwa badafite ubushobozi bwo kugaragaza icyo batekereza, bazimiye cyangwa babuze, kubera umubyeyi umwana utabyaye ku buryo bworoheje y’umuryango n’inama kwemerwa cyangwa n’ushinzwe kumurera. (3) If a child has neither father nor mother or both of them are in a state of incapacity to express their will or if they have been absent or have disappeared, the consent is given by a family council or by a person vested with the child’s custody. (3) Lorsque l’enfant n’a plus ni père ni mère ou lorsqu’ils sont dans l’impossibilité de manifester leur volonté ou lorsqu’ils sont absents ou ont disparu, le consentement est donné par le conseil de famille ou par la personne qui a la garde de l’enfant. 242 (4) Iyo umwana aba mu muryango wamwakiriye, uwo muryango ni wo ufite uburenganzira bwo kwemera ko kubera umubyeyi umwana utabyaye ku buryo bworoheje bikorwa, bigakorerwa imbere y’umwanditsi w’irangamimerere. Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 (4) If a child lives in a foster family, only such a family has the right to consent to the simple adoption before a civil registrar. (4) Lorsque l’enfant vit dans une famille d’accueil, seule cette famille est autorisée à consentir à simple devant l’officier de l’état civil. l’adoption (5) Iyo umwana aba mu kigo cyita ku mibereho myiza y’abana, ukuriye ikigo ni we wemera ko kubera umubyeyi umwana utabyaye ku buryo bworoheje bikorwa ariko abiherewe uruhushya n’umwanditsi w’irangamimerere w’aho icyo kigo giherereye. (5) If a child stays in a social welfare institution, consent to simple adoption is given by the head of that institution upon authorization from the civil registrar of the place where the social welfare institution is situated. (5) Lorsque dans l’enfant vit un établissement social public, le consentement le à l’adoption simple est donné par responsable de cet établissement sur autorisation de l’officier de l’état civil du lieu où se trouve l’établissement. (6) Umwana ufite nibura imyaka 12 atanga umuntu igitekerezo mu umubera umubyeyi ataramubyaye. guhitamo (6) A child aged at least 12 years old is consulted for the choice of his or her adoptive parents. (6) L’enfant âgé d’au moins 12 ans donne son opinion sur le choix de ses parents adoptifs. Ingingo n’umuryango w’inkomoko 315: Gukomeza ya isano
  115. 315

    Continuity of ties with the family

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    AI-assisted research summary: In simple adoption, the child keeps ties to the family of origin and keeps their rights, duties, and names. Adoptive parents may request a name change, and a child aged 12 must consent to it.

    Article 315: Continuity of ties with the family of origin Article 315: Continuité d’appartenir à la famille d’origine 41 Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 Article 315: Continuity of ties with the family of origin Article 315: Continuité d’appartenir à la famille d’origine (1) Ugizwe umwana n’utaramubyaye mu buryo bworoheje ntacika mu muryango akomokamo, akomeza uburenganzira bwe n’inshingano zose, akanagumana amazina cyangwa ye. ababyeyi babereye ababyeyi umwana batabyaye bashobora gusaba guhindura izina ry’uwo mwana bikozwe mu nyungu z’umwana hakurikijwe uburyo bwo guhindura izina buteganywa n’itegeko. umubyeyi Icyakora, (1) In case of simple adoption, a child continues to belong to his or her family of origin and retains all rights and duties and keeps his or her names. However, the adoptive parent or parents may, in the best interest of the adoptee request to change the name of the adoptee child in accordance with procedures provided by the law. In case the adoptee is 12 years old, he or she must content to the change of his or her name. (1) En cas d’adoption simple, l’adopté continue d’appartenir à sa famille d’origine et y conserve tous les droits et devoirs et conserve ses noms. Toutefois, le ou les parents adoptifs peuvent, dans l’intérêt supérieur de l’enfant adopté, demander le changement de son nom selon la procédure prévue par la loi. Dans le cas où l’adopté a 12 ans, il ou elle doit consentir à ce changement de nom. 243 Iyo umwana babereye umubyeyi afite nibura imyaka 12 agomba kwemera ko iryo hindurwa ry’izina riba. (2) Uwabereye umubyeyi umwana atabyaye ni we wenyine umugiraho ububasha bwa kibyeyi.
  116. 316

    Umutungo w’uwagizwe

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    AI-assisted research summary: When an adoptee dies, the property is distributed according to whether they leave descendants, and some property returns to the adoptive parent or the biological family.

    Ingingo ya 316: Umutungo w’uwagizwe umwana n’utaramubyaye iyo apfuye Article 316: Property of the adoptee upon death Article 316: Sort du patrimoine de l’adopté à sa mort Icyiciro cya 2: Kubera umubyeyi umwana utabyaye ku buryo busesuye Ingingo ya 316: Umutungo w’uwagizwe umwana n’utaramubyaye iyo apfuye (1) Iyo uwagizwe umwana n’utaramubyaye apfuye asize abamukomokaho, umutungo we, uwo yahawe cyangwa yazunguye ku wamugize ataramubyaye n’umutungo yahawe cyangwa yazunguye mu muryango akomokamo uhabwa abamukomokaho hakurikijwe amategeko agenga izungura. umwana adasize (2) Iyo uwagizwe umwana n’utaramubyaye abamukomokaho, apfuye umutungo yahawe cyangwa yazunguye ku wamugize umwana ugaruka ku wamugize umwana. Icyakora, umutungo yahawe yazunguye mu muryango n’uwo akomokamo ugaruka mu muryango akomokamo. (3) Iyo uwagizwe umwana n’utaramubyaye apfuye adasize abamukomokaho kandi Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 (2) Adoptive parent exercises parental authority (2) Le parent adoptif exerce l’autorité parentale over the adoptee. sur l’adopté. Article 316: Property of the adoptee upon death Article 316: Sort du patrimoine de l’adopté à sa mort (1) If the adoptee dies leaving descendants, his or her property, the property received from his or her adoptive parent or acquired through succession from the adoptive parent or the property received from his or her biological family or acquired through succession from his or her biological family is inherited by his or her descendants in accordance with provisions governing succession. (1) Lorsque ayant l’adopté meurt des descendants, son patrimoine, le patrimoine lui donné par l’adoptant ou recueilli dans sa succession et le patrimoine lui donné par sa famille biologique ou recueilli dans la succession de sa famille biologique, est hérité par ses descendants conformément aux dispositions régissant la succession. (2) If the leaving adoptee dies without descendants, his or her property received from his or her adoptive parent or acquired through succession devolves to the adoptive parent. However, the property received or acquired through succession from his or her biological family devolves to his or her biological family. (2) Lorsque l’adopté meurt sans descendants, le patrimoine lui donné par l’adoptant ou recueilli dans sa succession retourne à l’adoptant. Cependant, le patrimoine lui donné par sa famille biologique ou recueilli dans la succession de sa famille biologique revient à sa famille biologique. (3) If the adoptee dies without descendants, the patrimony that he or she did not receive from 244 (3) Lorsque l’adopté meurt sans descendants, le patrimoine qu’il n’a pas reçu de la famille umwana akaba afite umutungo adakomora ku wamugize ataramubyaye cyangwa mu muryango akomokamo, uzungurwa urutonde hakurikijwe rw’abazungura bahoraho. Icyiciro cya 2: Kubera umubyeyi umwana utabyaye ku buryo busesuye
  117. 317

    Uburyo bwo kubera

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    AI-assisted research summary: Full adoption completely severs the child’s filiation link with the family of origin, but does not remove the child’s rights to his or her country.

    Ingingo ya 317: Uburyo bwo kubera umubyeyi umwana utabyaye ku buryo busesuye Article 317: Full adoption form Article 317: Forme d’adoption plénière Ingingo ya 317: Uburyo bwo kubera umubyeyi umwana utabyaye ku buryo busesuye Kubera umubyeyi umwana utabyaye ku buryo busesuye ni uburyo butuma umwana atakaza afitanye burundu Icyakora, n’umuryango gutakaza ntibikuraho uburenganzira yari afite ku gihugu cye. isano muzi akomokamo. isano muzi yari Article 317: Full adoption form Article 317: Forme d’adoption plénière Full adoption is a form of adoption that completely severed filiation ties with the adoptee’s family of origin. However, the loss lineage link with the family of origin does not entail the loss of the child's rights to his or her country. L’adoption plénière est une forme d’adoption qui rompt totalement le lien de filiation de l’enfant avec sa famille d’origine. Toutefois, la perte du lien de lignage avec la famille d’origine n’entraîne pas la perte de ses droits sur son pays.
  118. 318

    Impamvu zituma habaho

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    AI-assisted research summary: Full adoption may be granted only if one of the listed conditions is met.

    Ingingo ya 318: Impamvu zituma habaho kubera umubyeyi umwana utabyaye ku buryo busesuye Section 2: Full adoption Section 2: Adoption plénière Article 318: Grounds for full adoption Article 318: Motifs de l’adoption plénière Ingingo ya 318: Impamvu zituma habaho kubera umubyeyi umwana utabyaye ku buryo busesuye Kubera umubyeyi umwana utabyaye ku buryo busesuye byemerwa gusa muri kimwe mu bihe bikurikira: (a) ababyeyi b’umwana batazwi cyangwa byaremejwe kandi baramutaye n’urukiko; Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 the adoptive family or from his or her biological family is inherited according to the order of regular heirs. adoptive ni de sa famille biologique, est hérité suivant l’ordre des héritiers réguliers. Section 2: Full adoption Section 2: Adoption plénière Article 318: Grounds for full adoption Article 318: Motifs de l’adoption plénière Full adoption is only granted under one of the following circumstances: L’adoption plénière ne peut être admise que dans l’un des cas suivants: (a) the child’s parents are unknown or have abandoned him or her as declared by the court; (a) lorsque les parents de l’enfant sont inconnus ou s’il existe une déclaration judiciaire de son abandon par ses parents; 245 Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 (b) iyo umwana ari imfubyi ku babyeyi bombi kandi adafite abo bafitanye isano ishingiye ku buvandimwe ituruka ku guhuza amaraso kugeza ku rwego rwa karindwi; (b) if the child is a total orphan and has no collateral kinship up to the seventh degree; (b) lorsque l’enfant est orphelin de père et mère et n’a de personne avec lien de parenté jusqu’au septième degré ; (c) iyo umwana yishingiwe na Leta. (c) if the child is under the guardianship of the (c) lorsque l’enfant est un pupille de l’État. State.
  119. 319

    Kwemera k’umwana

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    AI-assisted research summary: A child over 12 must consent to adoption unless unable to express their will.

    Ingingo ya 319: Kwemera k’umwana bagomba kubera umubyeyi bataramubyaye Article 319: Consent by a child to be adopted Article 319: Consentement donné par l’enfant à adopter Ingingo ya 319: Kwemera k’umwana bagomba umubyeyi kubera bataramubyaye Iyo umwana bagomba kubera umubyeyi bataramubyaye afite hejuru y’imyaka 12 y’amavuko, kwiyemerera kwe ni ngombwa uretse icyo iyo adashobora kugaragaza atekereza. Guhakana kwe guhagarika kugirwa umwana n’umubyeyi utaramubyaye. ya Ingingo Uburenganzira 320: n’inshingano by’uwagizwe umwana ku buryo busesuye (1) Kubera umubyeyi umwana utabyaye ku buryo busesuye biha uwo mwana uburenganzira n’abamukomokaho n’inshingano bisa n’ibyo bari kugira iyo uwo yarabyawe n’uwamubereye umubyeyi ataramubyaye. mwana aba Article 319: Consent by a child to be adopted Article 319: Consentement donné par l’enfant à adopter If a child to be adopted is above 12 years old, his or her consent is mandatory unless he or she is unable to express his or her will. His or her refusal entails the interruption of the adoption process. Lorsque l’enfant à adopter est âgé de plus de 12 ans, son consentement est obligatoire à moins que cet enfant ne soit dans l’impossibilité de manifester sa volonté. Son refus fait obstacle à l’adoption.
  120. 320

    Uburenganzira n’inshingano

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    AI-assisted research summary: Full adoption gives the adoptee and descendants the same rights and duties as a biological child would have.

    Ingingo ya 320: Uburenganzira n’inshingano by’uwagizwe umwana ku buryo busesuye Article 320: Rights and duties of the full adoptee Article 320: Droits et devoirs d’un enfant soumis à l’adoption plénière Article 320: Rights and duties of the full adoptee Article 320: Droits et devoirs d’un enfant soumis à l’adoption plénière (1) Full adoption entitles an adoptee and his or her descendants the same rights and duties as if the adoptive parent was his or her biological parent. (1) L’adoption plénière confère à l’adopté et à ses descendants les droits et devoirs identiques à ceux qu’ils auraient si l’enfant était né de l’adoptant. (2) Iyo ababyeyi babyaye umwana batazwi (2) If the biological parents of the adoptee are both (2) Lorsque les parents biologiques d’un enfant 246 Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 unknown, his or her civil status and administrative the documents adoptive parents. However, full adoption shall not have any retrospective effect related to duties and obligations. indicate sont tous inconnus, ses parents adoptifs sont enregistrés dans les actes d’état civil et les documents l’enfant. administratifs de Toutefois, l’adoption plénière n’a pas d’effets rétroactifs relatifs aux droits et obligations. ababyeyi abamubereye bombi, bataramubyaye ni bo bandikwa ku nyandiko ze z’irangamimerere no ku nyandiko z’ubuyobozi. Icyakora, kubera umubyeyi umwana utabyaye ku buryo busesuye ku burenganzira byabaye mbere y’uko umwana agirwa umwana n’umubyeyi utaramubyaye. n’inshingano inkurikizi ntibigira
  121. 321

    Guhindura izina

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    AI-assisted research summary: Full adoption may allow a child to receive a name chosen by the adoptive parent, if it is in the child’s interests and the change-of-name procedure in law is followed.

    Ingingo ya 321: Guhindura izina Article 321: Change of name Article 321: Changement de nom Icyiciro cya 3: Ingingo zihuriweho mu kubera umubyeyi umwana utabyaye Section 3: Common provisions to simple and full adoption Section communes l’adoption simple et à l’adoption plénière 3: Dispositions à Akiciro ka mbere: Ibisabwa mu kubera umubyeyi umwana utabyaye Subsection One: Requirements for adoption Sous-section première: Conditions pour l’adoption Ingingo ya 321: Guhindura izina Article 321: Change of name Article 321: Changement de nom Kubera umubyeyi umwana utabyaye ku buryo busesuye bishobora guhesha umwana izina uwo mubyeyi yihitiyemo ku nyungu z’umwana hakurikijwe amategeko abigenga. Full adoption may entitle the child to be given a name chosen by the adoptive parent in the interests of the child, in accordance with the procedure of change of name provided for by law. L’adoption plénière peut conférer à l’enfant un nom choisi par l’adoptant dans les intérêts de l’enfant, conformément à la procédure de changement de nom prévue par la loi. Icyiciro cya 3: Ingingo zihuriweho mu kubera umubyeyi umwana utabyaye Section 3: Common provisions to simple and full adoption communes Section 3: Dispositions l’adoption simple et à l’adoption plénière à Akiciro ka mbere: Ibisabwa mu kubera umubyeyi umwana utabyaye Subsection One: Requirements for adoption Sous-section première: Conditions pour l’adoption
  122. 322

    Ishingiro ryo kubera

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    AI-assisted research summary: Adoption must be granted only when it is in the child’s interests.

    Ingingo ya 322: Ishingiro ryo kubera umubyeyi umwana utabyaye Article 322: Relevance of adoption Article 322: Pertinence de l’adoption 42 Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 Ingingo ya 322: Ishingiro ryo kubera umubyeyi umwana utabyaye Article 322: Relevance of adoption Article 322: Pertinence de l’adoption Kubera umubyeyi umwana utabyaye bigomba gushingira gusa ku nyungu z’umwana. Adoption must be granted in the interests of the child. L’adoption doit être admise lorsqu’elle présente des intérêts de l’enfant. 247
  123. 323

    Kwemera kubera umubyeyi

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    AI-assisted research summary: Spouses may adopt a child together, and one spouse may adopt if the other spouse consents or cannot express consent. A person cannot be adopted by several parents unless the adopters are spouses.

    Ingingo ya 323: Kwemera kubera umubyeyi umwana bikozwe utabyaye n’abashyingiranywe bombi Article 323: Adoption by both spouses Article 323: Adoption faite par les deux époux Ingingo ya 323: Kwemera kubera umubyeyi umwana utabyaye bikozwe n’abashyingiranywe bombi (1) Kubera umubyeyi umwana utabyaye ku gukorwa bashyingiranywe n’abashyingiranywe bombi. Icyakora, kubera umubyeyi umwana utabyaye n’umwe mu bishobora bashyingiranywe uwo iyo bashyingingiranywe abimwemereye. gukorwa (2) Kubera umubyeyi umwana utabyaye bikorwa n’umwe mu bashyingiranywe iyo uwo bashyingiranywe adafite ubushobozi bwo kugaragaza igitekerezo cye. (3) Kubera umubyeyi umwana utabyaye ku mwana umwe ntibishobora gukorwa n’ababyeyi uretse abashyingiranywe gusa. benshi Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 Article 323: Adoption by both spouses Article 323: Adoption faite par les deux époux (1) Adoption may be done by both spouses. However, if adoption is done by one of the spouses, the other spouse provides his or her consent. (1) L’adoption peut être faite par les deux époux. Lorsque l’adoption est faite par l’un des époux, le consentement de l’autre époux est nécessaire. (2) Adoption is done by one of the spouses if the other spouse is unable to express his or her consent. (2) L’adoption est faite par l’un des époux lorsque l’autre époux est dans l’impossibilité de manifester sa volonté. (3) A person shall not be adopted by several parents unless he or she is adopted by spouses. (3) Nul ne peut être adopté par plusieurs personnes, si ce n’est que par les époux.
  124. 324

    Imyaka ntarengwa yo

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    AI-assisted research summary: A person cannot be adopted if they are 18 years old, but an adult aged 18 or above with mental disability or multiple disabilities may be adopted.

    Ingingo ya 324: Imyaka ntarengwa yo kugirwa umwana n’utaramubyaye Article 324: Maximum age for a child to be adopted Article 324: Âge maximum pour être adopté Ingingo ya 324: Imyaka ntarengwa yo kugirwa umwana n’utaramubyaye Article 324: Maximum age for a child to be adopted Article 324: Âge maximum pour être adopté kugirwa ntashobora iyo yujuje Umuntu umwana imyaka 18 n’utaramubyaye y’amavuko. Icyakora, iyo umuntu agejeje cyangwa arengeje imyaka 18 y’amavuko afite cyangwa bwo mu mutwe ubumuga bukomatanyije, ashobora kugirwa umwana n’utaramubyaye. A person shall not be adopted if he or she is aged 18 years. However, a person aged 18 and above having mental disability or multiple disabilities may be adopted. Une personne ne peut pas être adoptée si elle est âgée de 18 ans. Toutefois, une personne âgée de 18 ans et plus ayant un handicap mental ou handicap complexe peut être adoptée. 248 Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024
  125. 325

    Guhindura uburyo bwo

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    AI-assisted research summary: After a simple or full adoption has been granted, the adoptive parent or parents may apply to court to change the adoption form, subject to the required conditions.

    Ingingo ya 325: Guhindura uburyo bwo kubera umubyeyi umwana utabyaye Article 325: Conversion of the form of adoption Article 325: Conversion de d’adoption la forme Ingingo ya 325: Guhindura uburyo bwo kubera umubyeyi umwana utabyaye Article 325: Conversion of the form of adoption Article 325: Conversion de d’adoption la forme rwamaze kwemeza kubera Iyo urukiko umubyeyi umwana utabyaye mu buryo bworoheje cyangwa busesuye, umubyeyi cyangwa ababyeyi umwana batabyaye bashobora kongera kurusaba guhindura uburyo bwo kumubera umubyeyi hakurikijwe ibisabwa. ababyeyi babereye After the court has granted simple or full adoption, the adoptive parent or parents may reclaim to the court to convert their form of adoption according to the requirements. Après le prononcé d’un jugement prononçant l’adoption simple ou plénière, l’adoptant ou les adoptants peuvent la juridiction une requête pour la conversion de leur forme d’adoption selon les conditions. réintroduire devant
  126. 326

    Ibisabwa Umunyarwanda

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    AI-assisted research summary: A person in Rwanda who wants to adopt a child must meet listed suitability requirements, including age, resources, address, integrity, and no disqualifying convictions or loss of parental authority.

    Ingingo ya 326: Ibisabwa Umunyarwanda utuye mu Rwanda ushaka kubera umubyeyi umwana atabyaye Article 326: Requirements for a Rwandan living in Rwanda intending to adopt a child Article 326: Exigences pour un Rwandais vivant au Rwanda désireux d’adopter un enfant Akiciro ka 2: Inzira zikurikizwa mu kuba umubyeyi w’umwana utabyaye Subsection 2: Procedure for adoption Sous-section 2: Procédure d’adoption Ingingo ya 326: Ibisabwa Umunyarwanda utuye mu Rwanda ushaka kubera umubyeyi umwana atabyaye Article 326: Requirements for a Rwandan living in Rwanda intending to adopt a child Article 326: Exigences pour un Rwandais vivant au Rwanda désireux d’adopter un enfant (1) Ushaka kubera umubyeyi umwana ibi agomba kuba yujuje atabyaye bikurikira: (1) A person intending to adopt a child must meet the following requirements: (1) Une personne qui désire adopter un enfant doit satisfaire aux exigences suivantes: (a) kuba ari inyangamugayo; (a) to be a person of integrity; (a) être une personne intègre; (b) kuba afite ubushobozi bumufasha kurangiza inshingano za kibyeyi; (b) to have enough resources for him or her to meet the parental responsibility; (b) disposer des suffisantes responsabilité parentale; ressources matérielles la assumer pour (c) kuba afite y’amavuko; nibura imyaka 21 (c) to be at least 21 years old; (c) être âgé d’au moins 21 ans; (d) kuba arusha nibura imyaka irindwi umwana ashaka kubera umubyeyi ataramubyaye; (d) to be at least seven years older than the (d) avoir au moins sept ans de plus que child to be adopted; l’adopté; 249 Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 (e) kuba afite aho abarizwa hazwi; (e) to have a fixed address; (e) avoir une adresse fixe; (f) kuba atarakatiwe igihano cy’igifungo kubera icyaha cya jenoside, icyaha cy’ingengabitekerezo ya jenoside n’ibyaha bifitanye isano na yo, icyaha cy’icuruzwa ry’abantu, icyaha cyo icyaha gusambanya cy’ihohotera ngo cyangwa ikindi cyaha cy’ubugome; rikorewe mu umwana, (f) not to have sentenced to been imprisonment for the crime of genocide, the crime of genocide ideology and related in crimes, child persons, defilement, offences of domestic violence or any other felony; the offence of crime trafficking the of (f) n’avoir été pas pour condamné crime à de l’emprisonnement génocide, crime d’idéologie du génocide et crimes connexes, l’infraction de la traite des personnes, crime de viol sur enfant, les infractions de la violence domestique ou autre crime; (g) kuba atarambuwe ububasha bwa (g) not to have been deprived of parental (g) n’avoir pas été déchu de l’autorité kibyeyi. authority. parentale. (2) Haseguriwe ibiteganyijwe mu gika cya (1)(d) cy’iyi ngingo, iyo umwana afitanye isano n’ushaka kumubera umubyeyi ataramubyaye kugeza ku rwego rwa karindwi, ushaka kuba umubyeyi agomba kuba arusha umwana nibura imyaka itatu iyo ugirwa umwana afite ubumuga bwo mu mutwe cyangwa ubukomatanyije. (3) Minisitiri ufite abana mu nshingano, kubera impamvu zumvikana, ashobora cy’imyaka ikinyuranyo kugabanya iteganyijwe muri iyi ngingo. Akiciro ka 2: Inzira zikurikizwa mu kuba umubyeyi w’umwana utabyaye (2) Subject to the provisions of Paragraph (1)(d) of this Article, the person intending to adopt a child must be at least three years older than the adoptee if they are related up to the seventh degree and the child has mental disability or multiple disabilities. (2) Sous réserve des dispositions du paragraphe (1)(d) du présent article, l’adoptant doit avoir au moins trois ans de plus que l’adopté en cas de liens familiaux jusqu’au septième degré si l’enfant a un handicap mental ou handicap complexe. (3) The Minister in charge of children, depending on reasonable grounds, may reduce the difference of years provided for in this Article. (3) Le Ministre ayant les enfants dans ses attributions peut, pour des motifs justifiés, réduire la différence d’âge prévue dans le présent article. Subsection 2: Procedure for adoption Sous-section 2: Procédure d’adoption 250 Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024
  127. 327

    Ibisabwa ushaka kubera

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    AI-assisted research summary: A person seeking to adopt must submit an application file with specified supporting documents.

    Ingingo ya 327: Ibisabwa ushaka kubera umubyeyi umwana atabyaye Article 327: Requirements for prospective adoptive parent Article 327: Exigences au futur parent adoptif Ingingo ya 327: Ibisabwa ushaka kubera umubyeyi umwana atabyaye Article 327: Requirements for prospective adoptive parent Article 327: Exigences au futur parent adoptif Idosiye y’usaba kubera umubyeyi umwana atabyaye iba ikubiyemo – The adoption applicant’s file comprises following requirements – the Le dossier du demandeur d’adoption comprend les éléments suivants – (a) ibaruwa yerekana ishingiro ry’usaba kubera umubyeyi umwana atabyaye igaragaza amazina ye, itariki n’ahantu yavukiye, igitsina, ubwenegihugu bwe, aho abarizwa ku buryo buhoraho n’imiterere y’ubuzima by’umwana yifuza kubera umubyeyi; (a) a letter motivating the relevance for adoption and indicating his or her names, date and place of birth, sex, his or her nationality, permanent address and living conditions of the child to be adopted; (a) la lettre motivant la pertinence de la demande d’adoption et indiquant son nom et prénom, date et lieu de naissance, sexe, son adresse permanente et les conditions de vie de l’enfant à adopter; sa nationalité, (b) inyandiko igaragaza amazina, imyaka, n’isano babana igitsina bafitanye iyo bahari; by’abo (b) a document indicating names, age and sex of persons with whom he or she shares the residence if any and their relationship; (b) le document indiquant les noms, prénoms, l’âge et le sexe des personnes avec lesquelles il partage la résidence et leurs relations, le cas échéant; (c) kopi y’ikimuranga; (c) a copy of his or her identification document; (c) la copie d’identification ; de son document (d) inyemezabushake yanditse y’uwo bashakanye buri mwana n’iya w’umubyeyi usaba ufite nibura imyaka 18 y’amavuko, iyo bahari; (d) a document certifying the consent of the spouse and each child aged at least 18 years, if any; (d) le document certifiant le consentement de son époux et de chacun de ses enfants âgés d’au moins 18 ans, le cas échéant; (e) kopi y’icyemezo iy’uko cyangwa iy’uko yapfakaye; ingaragu, ari cy’ishyingirwa, iy’ubutane (e) a copy of certificate of marriage, celibacy, divorce or widowed; (e) la copie de son attestation de mariage, de célibat, de divorce ou de veuvage; 251 (f) icyemezo kigaragaza ko umuntu yakatiwe cyangwa atakatiwe n’inkiko; (g) icyemezo cya muganga wemewe kuri buri mubyeyi usaba kitarengeje amezi atatu; Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 (f) a criminal record certificate; (f) l’extrait du casier judiciaire; (g) a medical certificate of each applicant parent and each child sharing the same residence, issued within three months by a recognized doctor; (g) le certificat médical de chaque parent requérant et chaque enfant partageant la même résidence, datant de trois mois au plus délivrés par un médecin agréé; (h) inyandiko zigaragaza imitungo ye. (h) documents indicating his or her property. (h) les documents indiquant son patrimoine. ya Ingingo 328: Ubuyobozi bufite ububasha bwo kwemeza ko umuntu abera umubyeyi ku Banyarwanda baba mu gihugu atabyaye umwana w’aho (1) Kubera umubyeyi umwana utabyaye mu buryo bworoheje bisabwa umwanditsi umwana w’irangamimerere umwana kugirwa usabirwa n’utaramubyaye aba, hari usaba cyangwa abasaba kubera umubyeyi umwana batabyaye, ababyeyi be iyo bakiriho cyangwa umukuru w’inama y’umuryango n’abatangabuhamya nibura babiri. (2) Iyo umwanditsi w’irangamimerere asanze ibisabwa byuzuye kugira ngo umuntu abere umubyeyi umwana atabyaye mu buryo bworoheje, akora inyandiko yo kubera umubyeyi umwana atabyaye, ishyikirizwa urukiko rubifitiye ububasha kugira ngo ruyemeze.
  128. 328

    Ubuyobozi bufite ububasha

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    AI-assisted research summary: Adoption applications go first to the civil registrar for simple adoption, and full adoption applications must first be reviewed by the child authority before being sent onward.

    Ingingo ya 328: Ubuyobozi bufite ububasha bwo kwemeza ko umuntu abera umubyeyi umwana atabyaye ku Banyarwanda baba mu gihugu Article 328: Competent authority to grant adoption for Rwandans resident in Rwanda Article 328: Autorité compétente pour statuer sur l’adoption des Rwandais vivant au Rwanda Article 328: Competent authority to grant adoption for Rwandans resident in Rwanda Article 328: Autorité compétente pour statuer sur l’adoption des Rwandais vivant au Rwanda (1) An application for simple adoption is made to the civil registrar of the domicile of the child to be adopted, in the presence of the person or persons applying for adoption, the parents of the child if they are alive or the head of the family council and at least two witnesses. (1) La demande d’adoption simple est adressée à l’officier de l’état civil du domicile de l’enfant à adopter, en présence de celui ou ceux qui demandent l’adoption, de ses parents lorsqu’ils sont encore en vie ou du chef du conseil de famille et d’au moins deux témoins. (2) If the civil registrar finds that the requirements to adopt simply a child are fulfilled, the civil registrar draws up an adoption record which is submitted to the competent court to grant the approval. (2) Lorsque l’officier de l’état civil constate que les exigences pour l’adoption simple sont remplies, l’officier de l’état civil dresse l’acte d’adoption à soumettre à la juridiction compétente pour homologation. 252 Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 (3) Idosiye isaba kubera umubyeyi umwana utabyaye mu buryo busesuye ibanza gusuzumwa n’urwego rufite abana mu igashyikirizwa umwanditsi nshingano umwana w’irangamimerere usabirwa umwana kugirwa n’utaramubyaye aba, agakora inyandiko ishyikirizwa urukiko rubifitiye ububasha kugira ngo rufate icyemezo. w’aho (3) Application for full adoption must first be considered by the authority in charge of children which submits the application file to the civil registrar of the residence of the child to draw up a document for submission to competent court for decision. (3) La demande d’adoption plénière doit préalablement être examinée par l’autorité ayant les enfants dans ses attributions qui transmet le dossier à l’officier de l’état civil de la résidence de l’enfant pour établir un document à soumettre à la juridiction compétente pour décision.
  129. 329

    Ibisuzumwa n’urukiko

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    AI-assisted research summary: The competent court must examine whether the adoption is in the child’s interest and whether legal requirements are met before deciding on the adoption approval application.

    Ingingo ya 329: Ibisuzumwa n’urukiko mbere yo gufata icyemezo Article 329: Elements to be examined by the court before taking decision Article 329: Éléments à vérifier par la juridiction avant de prendre la décision Ingingo ya 329: Ibisuzumwa n’urukiko mbere yo gufata icyemezo Article 329: Elements to be examined by the court before taking decision Article 329: Éléments à vérifier par la juridiction avant de prendre la décision (1) Ikirego gusaba kigamije guhamya inyandiko yo kubera umubyeyi umwana n’urukiko kiburanishwa utabyaye rubifititiye buryo ububasha mu bw’ibirego byihutirwa rumaze gusuzuma niba bikozwe mu nyungu z’umwana kandi niba ibisabwa n’amategeko byuzuye. (1) The application for approval of the adoption record is settled by the competent court by summary proceedings, after examining whether it was done in the child’s interest and if other requirements provided by the law are fulfilled. (1) La juridiction compétente statue sur la l’acte d’homologation demande d’adoption par voie de référé, après avoir vérifié que l’adoption est faite dans l’intérêt de l’enfant, et si les exigences prévues par la loi sont remplies. de (2) Iyo usaba kubera umubyeyi umwana atabyaye apfuye mbere y’uko urukiko rufata icyemezo, ikirego kirahagarara. (2) If the prospective adoptive parent dies after filing the claim to the competent court but before the court decides on the matter, the claim is suspended. (2) Lorsque le futur adoptant meurt après avoir introduit sa requête devant la juridiction compétente mais avant la décision de la juridiction, l’action est interrompue.
  130. 330

    Kwandika urubanza

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    AI-assisted research summary: An adoptive parent must register the court order in the civil register within two months after the judgment becomes final.

    Ingingo ya 330: Kwandika urubanza rwemeza umwana utabyaye umubyeyi kubera Article approving adoption 330: Registration of judgment Article 330: Transcription du jugement homologuant l’adoption 43 Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 Akiciro ka 3: Inkurikizi zo kubera umubyeyi umwana utabyaye Subsection 3: Effects of adoption Sous-section 3: Effets de l’adoption Ingingo ya 330: Kwandika urubanza rwemeza kubera umubyeyi umwana utabyaye Article approving adoption 330: Registration of judgment Article 330: Transcription du jugement homologuant l’adoption (1) Urubanza rwemeza kubera umubyeyi umwana utabyaye rwandikwa mu gitabo (1) The judgment approving adoption is registered the register of adoption records and in (1) Le jugement homologuant l’adoption est transcrit sur le registre des actes d’adoption 253 cy’inyandiko zerekeye kwemera kubera umubyeyi umwana utabyaye bigashyirwa mu y’uwagizwe y’ivuka umwana n’utaramubyaye. nyandiko (2) Uwemerewe n’urukiko kuba umubyeyi w’umwana atabyaye yandikisha icyo cyemezo mu gitabo cy’irangamimerere mu gihe kitarenze amezi abiri urubanza rubaye ndakuka. (3) Kubera umubyeyi umwana utabyaye bigira agaciro uhereye igihe urubanza rwemeza icyo cyemezo rwabaye ndakuka. Akiciro ka 3: Inkurikizi zo kubera umubyeyi umwana utabyaye ya Ingingo Uburenganzira 331: n’inshingano byo kubera umubyeyi umwana utabyaye (1) Iyo kubera umubyeyi umwana utabyaye bikozwe n’abashyingiranywe bombi, ugizwe umwana agira uburenganzira n’inshingano n’iby’abana bingana bakomoka ku bashyingiranywe. (2) Iyo kubera umubyeyi umwana utabyaye bikozwe n’umwe mu bashyingiranywe, by’uwo uburenganzira mwana uwamubereye umubyeyi. n’inshingano bireba gusa Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 mentioned in the birth record of the adoptee. et mentionné à l’acte de naissance de l’adopté. (2) The adoptive parent registers the court order in the civil register within two months from the date on which the judgment became final. (2) L’adoptant fait inscrire ce jugement sur le registre de l’état civil endéans deux mois à compter de la date où le jugement est passé en force de chose jugée. (3) Adoption takes effect from the date on which the judgment on adoption became final. (3) L’adoption devient effective à compter de la date où le jugement qui la prononce est coulé en force de chose jugée. Subsection 3: Effects of adoption Sous-section 3: Effets de l’adoption
  131. 331

    Uburenganzira n’inshingano

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    AI-assisted research summary: An adopted child gets the same rights and duties as a child born in marriage when adoption is granted to both spouses; if granted to only one spouse, the rights and duties apply only in relation to that adoptive parent.

    Ingingo ya 331: Uburenganzira n’inshingano byo kubera umubyeyi umwana utabyaye Article 331: Rights and duties arising from adoption Article 331: Droits et devoirs qui découlent de l’adoption Akiciro ka 4: Uburyo kubera umubyeyi umwana utabyaye bivanwaho Subsection 4: Procedure for revocation of adoption Sous-section 4: Procédure de révocation de l’adoption Article 331: Rights and duties arising from adoption Article 331: Droits et devoirs qui découlent de l’adoption (1) If adoption is granted to both spouses, the adoptee acquires same rights and duties as children born in wedlock. (1) Lorsque l’adoption accordée conjointement aux époux, l’adopté a les mêmes droits et devoirs que ceux des enfants nés dans le mariage. est (2) If adoption is granted to one of the spouses, the rights and duties of the adoptee only have a bearing on his or her adoptive parent. (2) Lorsque l’adoption est accordée à l’un des époux, les droits et les devoirs de l'adopté ne concernent que son parent adoptif. 254 Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 Akiciro ka 4: Uburyo kubera umubyeyi umwana utabyaye bivanwaho Subsection 4: Procedure for revocation of adoption Sous-section 4: Procédure de révocation de l’adoption
  132. 332

    Impamvu zivanaho kubera

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    AI-assisted research summary: Adoption may be revoked for listed grounds, including kidnapping, trafficking, slavery, harm to the child’s interests, loss of adoptive eligibility, conviction for trying to kill the adoptive parent or family members, or when the child’s parent is found.

    Ingingo ya 332: Impamvu zivanaho kubera umubyeyi umwana utabyaye Article 332: Grounds for revocation of adoption Article 332: Motifs de révocation de l’adoption Ingingo ya 332: Impamvu zivanaho kubera umubyeyi umwana utabyaye Article 332: Grounds for revocation of adoption Article 332: Motifs de révocation de l’adoption Kubera umubyeyi bivanwaho kubera zikurikira: umwana utabyaye imwe mu mpamvu Adoption is revoked for one of the following grounds: L’adoption est révoquée pour l’un des motifs suivants: (a) iyo hari ibimenyetso bigaragaza ko kubera umubyeyi umwana utabyaye kwabayeho hagamijwe kumutwara ku gahato, kumugira umugore cyangwa cyangwa kumucuruza umugabo, kumugira umucakara; bunyuranyije (b) iyo bigaragaye ko kubera umubyeyi umwana utabyaye byakozwe mu buryo n’inyungu z’umwana cyangwa uwari warabaye umubyeyi w’umwana atabyaye atacyujuje ibisabwa kugira ngo abere umubyeyi umwana atabyaye; (a) if there is evidence indicating that the adoption aimed to kidnap, make her or him a wife or husband, human trafficking or slavery; (a) lorsqu’il existe des preuves qui indiquent que l’adoption visait l’enlèvement, prendre l’enfant pour femme ou mari, la traite des personnes ou d’esclavage; (b) if it is evident that the adoption was done in contradiction with the child’s interests or when the adoptive parent no longer fulfils the necessary requirements to adopt a child; (b) lorsqu’il apparaît que l’adoption a été accordée était contraire à l’intérêt de l’enfant ou lorsque l’adoptant ne remplit plus les exigences pour l’adoption; (c) iyo uwagizwe umwana n’utaramubyaye ahamwe n’icyaha cyo gushaka uwamubereye umubyeyi ataramubyaye cyangwa abagize umuryango we; kwica (c) if the adoptee is convicted of attempting to kill the adoptive parent or members of his or her family; (c) lorsque l’adopté a été reconnu coupable d’avoir voulu attenter à la vie de l’adoptant ou à celle des membres de sa famille; 255 (d) iyo uwagizwe umwana n’umubyeyi kuba atagishaka utaramubyaye umwana we; (e) iyo se cyangwa nyina w’umwana babonetse kabone n’iyo urubanza rwemeza kubera umubyeyi umwana utabyaye rwabaye ndakuka. Icyakora, n’umubyeyi umwana uwagizwe utaramubyaye afite uburenganzira bwo kugira icyo abivugaho.
  133. 333

    Ikirego kigamije kuvanaho

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    AI-assisted research summary: A claim to revoke an adoption may be filed by the child, the adoptive parent, the family council representative, or another interested person; the adoptee may give an opinion.

    Ingingo ya 333: Ikirego kigamije kuvanaho kubera umubyeyi umwana utabyaye Article 333: Claim for revocation of adoption Article 333: Action en révocation de l’adoption ya 334: Ingingo bw’abazungura bwo gukomeza kivanaho utabyaye umubyeyi Uburenganzira ikirego umwana kubera Ingingo ya 333: Ikirego kigamije kuvanaho kubera umubyeyi umwana utabyaye Ikirego gisaba kuvanaho kubera umubyeyi umwana utabyaye gitangwa n’umwana, umwana umubyeyi, uwamugize ataramubyaye, inama y’umuryango cyangwa umuntu ubifitemo inyungu. uhagarariye ya 334: Ingingo Uburenganzira ikirego bw’abazungura bwo gukomeza kivanaho kubera umubyeyi umwana utabyaye Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 (d) if the adoptee does no longer want to be a child (d) lorsque l’adopté ne veut plus être l’enfant de of the adoptive parent; l’adoptant; (e) if the father’s or mother’s child appears even when the judgment granting adoption became final. However, the adoptee has the right to give his or her opinion. (e) lorsque le père ou la mère de l’enfant apparait quand bien même le jugement d’adoption était devenu définitif. Toutefois, l’adopté a le droit de donner son avis. Article 333: Claim for revocation of adoption Article 333: Action en révocation de l’adoption the biological parent, A claim for revocation of adoption is filed by the child, the adoptive parent, the representative of the family council or an interested person. L’action en révocation de l’adoption appartient à l’enfant, aux parents biologiques, aux parents adoptifs, au représentant du conseil de famille ou à une personne intéressée.
  134. 334

    Right of heirs to continue a claim

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    AI-assisted research summary: If the adoptive parent dies after filing a revocation claim, the heirs may continue that claim within one year from the date of death.

    Article 334: Right of heirs to continue a claim for revocation of adoption Article 334: Droit des héritiers de continuer une action en révocation de l’adoption Article 334: Right of heirs to continue a claim for revocation of adoption Article 334: Droit des héritiers de continuer une action en révocation de l’adoption Iyo uwabereye umubyeyi umwana atabyaye apfuye yari yaratanze ikirego cyo kuvanaho kubera umubyeyi umwana utabyaye, ikirego gishobora gukomezwa n’abazungura be mu gihe kitarenze umwaka umwe uhereye ku munsi yapfiriye. In case of death of the adoptive parent after filing a claim for revocation of adoption, the claim may be continued by the heirs within one year from the date of the death of the adoptive parent. En cas de décès de l’adoptant après avoir introduit une action en révocation de l’adoption, l’action peut passer aux héritiers endéans un an à compter du jour du décès de l’adoptant. 256 Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024
  135. 335

    Kwandika urubanza

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    AI-assisted research summary: A judgment revoking an adoption is recorded in the adoption register and noted in the birth record when an interested person requests it.

    Ingingo ya 335: Kwandika urubanza ruvanaho umwana kubera umubyeyi utabyaye Article 335: Registration of the judgment deciding revocation of adoption Article 335: Transcription du jugement portant révocation de l’adoption Ingingo ya 335: Kwandika urubanza ruvanaho kubera umubyeyi umwana utabyaye Article 335: Registration of the judgment deciding revocation of adoption Article 335: Transcription du jugement portant révocation de l’adoption kubera ruvanaho umubyeyi Urubanza umwana utabyaye rwandikwa mu gitabo cy’inyandiko zerekeye kwemera kubera umubyeyi umwana utabyaye no mu gitabo cy’inyandiko z’amavuko bisabwe n’umuntu ubifitemo inyungu. A judgment deciding revocation of adoption is registered in the register of adoption records and mentioned in birth record upon request by an interested person. Le jugement portant révocation de l’adoption est enregistré sur le registre des actes d’adoption et à l’acte de naissance, à la demande d’une personne intéressée.
  136. 336

    Inkurikizi z’ivanwaho ryo

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    AI-assisted research summary: If an adoption is revoked, the former mother or father may ask the competent court for the child to return to the family under their parental authority.

    Ingingo ya 336: Inkurikizi z’ivanwaho ryo kubera umubyeyi umwana utabyaye Article 336: Effects of revocation of adoption Article 336: Effets de la révocation de l’adoption Ingingo ya 336: Inkurikizi z’ivanwaho ryo kubera umubyeyi umwana utabyaye (1) Iyo kubera umubyeyi umwana utabyaye bivanyweho, nyina cyangwa se bari barambuwe ububasha bwa kibyeyi basaba urukiko rubifitiye ububasha ko yagarurwa mu muryango bakongera kumugiraho ububasha bwa kibyeyi. (2) Iyo nta kirego gitanzwe, kitakiriwe cyangwa kitahawe ishingiro, ubwishingire bw’uwo mwana bukorwa hakurikijwe ibiteganywa n’ingingo tegeko zerekeranye n’ubwishingire bw’umwana. z’iri Article 336: Effects of revocation of adoption Article 336: Effets de la révocation de l’adoption (1) If the adoption is revoked, the mother or father who had been deprived of parental authority may request the competent court for the return of the child in the family under their parental authority. (1) Lorsque l’adoption est révoquée, la mère ou le père qui étaient déchus de l’autorité parentale peuvent demander à la juridiction compétente que l’enfant retourne à la famille sous leur autorité parentale. (2) If there was no claim or when the claim is dismissed or not admitted, guardianship is organized according to provisions of this Law relating to guardianship. (2) Lorsqu’il n’y a pas de demande ou lorsque la demande est rejetée ou jugée non fondée, la tutelle est organisée selon les dispositions de la présente loi régissant la tutelle.
  137. 337

    Gutangira kugira agaciro

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    AI-assisted research summary: Adoption revocation takes effect when the judgment becomes final.

    Ingingo ya 337: Gutangira kugira agaciro kw’icyemezo kivanaho kubera umubyeyi umwana utabyaye Article 337: Effective date of the revocation of adoption Article 337: Effectivité de la révocation de l’adoption 44 Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 Ingingo ya 337: Gutangira kugira agaciro kw’icyemezo kivanaho kubera umubyeyi umwana utabyaye Article 337: Effective date of the revocation of adoption Article 337: Effectivité de la révocation de l’adoption (1) Kuvanaho kubera umubyeyi umwana (1) The revocation of adoption becomes effective (1) La révocation de l’adoption devient 257 Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 utabyaye bigira agaciro uhereye ku munsi urubanza ruvanaho kubera umubyeyi umwana utabyaye rubereye ndakuka. from the day on which the judgment that revokes the adoption became res judicata. effective à compter du jour où le jugement prononçant la révocation est coulé en force de chose jugée. byanditswe mu (2) Iyo kuvanaho kubera umubyeyi umwana utabyaye gitabo cy’inyandiko zerekeye kwemera kubera umubyeyi umwana utabyaye, bihagarika inkurikizi zo kubera umubyeyi umwana utabyaye kuva bicyandikwa. (3) Kuvanaho kubera umubyeyi umwana utabyaye bituma uwagizwe umwana akurwa mu muryango w’uwamubereye umubyeyi ataramubyaye kandi agatakaza uburenganzira n’inshingano byose yari afite muri uwo muryango.
  138. 338

    Impamvu zatuma umwana

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    AI-assisted research summary: A new adoption may be allowed if the previous adoptive parent(s) have died or if the prior adoption was revoked.

    Ingingo ya 338: Impamvu zatuma umwana yongera kuberwa umubyeyi n’utaramubyaye Article 338: Grounds for new adoption Article 338: Motifs pour une nouvelle adoption Ingingo ya 338: Impamvu zatuma umwana yongera umubyeyi kuberwa n’utaramubyaye kongera kuberwa ashobora Umwana umubyeyi buryo n’utaramubyaye bworoheje cyangwa busesuye kubera imwe mu mpamvu zikurikira: ku (a) iyo uwari wamubereye umubyeyi abari ababyeyi ataramubyaye baramubereye bataramubyaye bapfuye; cyangwa (2) If the revocation of adoption is recorded in the register of adoption records, it halts effects of adoption from the date of its recording. (2) Lorsque la révocation de l’adoption est transcrite dans registre des actes le d’adoption, elle fait cesser les effets de l’adoption à partir de cette transcription. (3) Revocation of adoption has effect of removal of the adoptee from the family of adoptive parent and causes him or her to lose all rights and duties that he or she had in that family. (3) La révocation de l’adoption a pour effet de faire sortir la famille de l’adopté de l’adoptant et de lui faire perdre tous les droits et devoirs qu’il avait dans cette famille. Article 338: Grounds for new adoption Article 338: Motifs pour une nouvelle adoption Simple or full new adoption is possible in case of one of the following reasons: Une nouvelle adoption de manière simple ou plénière est possible en cas de l’un de motifs suivants: (a) if the previous adoptive parent or parents are (a) lorsque l’adoptant ou les adoptants dead; antérieurs sont décédés; 258 (b) iyo kubera umubyeyi buryo umwana bworoheje utabyaye mu cyangwa busesuye byavanyweho. Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 (b) if the previous form of simple or full adoption (b) lorsque la forme d’adoption plénière ou has been revoked. simple a été révoquée.
  139. 339

    Kongera kuberwa umubyeyi

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    AI-assisted research summary: New adoption must be handled using the procedure set by this Law.

    Ingingo ya 339: Kongera kuberwa umubyeyi n’utaramubyaye Article 339: Requirements in case of new adoption Article 339: Exigences en cas de nouvelle adoption Akiciro ka 5: Kubera umubyeyi umwana utabyaye ku rwego mpuzamahanga Ingingo ya 339: Kongera kuberwa umubyeyi n’utaramubyaye Article 339: Requirements in case of new adoption Article 339: Exigences en cas de nouvelle adoption Kugira ngo umwana yongere kuberwa umubyeyi n’utaramubyaye, bikorwa mu buryo bumwe n’ubukoreshwa n’usaba kubera umubyeyi ataramubyaye umwana buteganywa n’iri tegeko. Akiciro ka 5: Kubera umubyeyi umwana utabyaye ku rwego mpuzamahanga The new adoption is carried out in the way provided for adoption by this Law. La nouvelle adoption se fait de la manière prévue par cette loi pour l’adoption. Subsection 5: Inter-country adoption Sous-section 5: Adoption internationale
  140. 340

    Kubera umubyeyi umwana

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    AI-assisted research summary: This article defines inter-country adoption as an adoption relationship where the child and adoptive parent do not live in the same country, and says it may be simple or full adoption.

    Ingingo ya 340: Kubera umubyeyi umwana utabyaye ku rwego mpuzamahanga Article 340: Inter-country adoption Article 340: Adoption internationale Ingingo ya 340: Kubera umubyeyi umwana utabyaye ku rwego mpuzamahanga Article 340: Inter-country adoption Article 340: Adoption internationale (1) Kubera umubyeyi umwana utabyaye ku rwego mpuzamahanga ni uburyo butuma habaho y’umwana n’umubereye umubyeyi ataramubyaye ariko badatuye mu gihugu kimwe. hagati isano (1) Inter-country adoption is a form of adoption that creates relationship between a child and an adoptive parent but both are not domiciled in the same country. (1) L’adoption internationale est une forme d’adoption qui crée un lien de filiation entre un enfant et un parent adoptif, mais les deux ne sont pas domiciliés dans un même pays. (2) Kubera umubyeyi umwana utabyaye ku rwego mpuzamahanga bishobora gukorwa mu buryo bworoheje cyangwa busesuye. (2) Inter-country adoption may be in form of (2) L’adoption internationale peut être simple simple or full adoption. ou plénière. 259 Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024
  141. 341

    Ishingiro n’impamvu byo

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    AI-assisted research summary: Intercountry adoption must be based only on the child’s interests.

    Ingingo ya 341: Ishingiro n’impamvu byo kubera umubyeyi umwana utabyaye ku rwego mpuzamahanga Article 341: Relevance of and grounds for intercountry adoption Article 341: Pertinence et motifs d’adoption internationale Ingingo ya 341: Ishingiro n’impamvu byo kubera umubyeyi umwana utabyaye ku rwego mpuzamahanga (1) Kubera umubyeyi umwana utabyaye ku rwego mpuzamahanga bigomba gushingira gusa ku nyungu z’umwana. (2) Habaho kubera umubyeyi umwana utabyaye ku rwego mpuzamahanga iyo umwana – Article 341: Relevance of and grounds for intercountry adoption Article 341: Pertinence et motifs d’adoption internationale (1) Intercountry adoption must be granted in the interests of the child. (1) L’adoption internationale doit être admise lorsqu’elle présente des intérêts de l’enfant. (2) Intercountry adoption occurs if the child – (2) On parle d’adoption internationale lorsque l’enfant – (a) aba mu Rwanda akaba agomba kujya (a) resides in Rwanda and has to live in a (a) réside au Rwanda et doit vivre dans un kuba mu gihugu cy’amahanga; foreign country; pays étranger; (b) agomba kuva mu gihugu cy’inkomoko (b) has to be moved from the State of origin to (b) doit être déplacé du pays d’origine pour akaza kuba mu Rwanda; live in Rwanda; or vivre au Rwanda ; ou (c) cyangwa aba mu Rwanda ariko nta burenganzira afite bwo kuhatura. (c) resides in Rwanda without being (c) réside au Rwanda sans être autorisé à s’y authorized to settle there. établir.
  142. 342

    Ibisabwa kugira ngo habeho

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    AI-assisted research summary: Intercountry adoption is allowed only if the listed requirements are met, and the Minister in charge of children may set additional requirements and procedures.

    Ingingo ya 342: Ibisabwa kugira ngo habeho kubera umubyeyi umwana utabyaye ku rwego mpuzamahanga Subsection 5: Inter-country adoption Sous-section 5: Adoption internationale Article 342: Requirements for intercountry adoption Article 342: Exigences de internationale l’adoption UMUTWE WA XVI: UBUBASHA BWA KIBYEYI CHAPTER AUTHORITY XVI: PARENTAL CHAPITRE PARENTALE XVI: AUTORITÉ Icyiciro cya mbere: Ingingo rusange Section one: General provisions Section première: Dispositions générales Ingingo ya 342: Ibisabwa kugira ngo habeho umwana utabyaye ku rwego mpuzamahanga umubyeyi kubera (1) Kugira ngo habeho kubera umubyeyi rwego utabyaye bikurikira umwana mpuzamahanga bigomba kuba byuzuye: ibisabwa ku (a) kuba kubera umubyeyi umwana inyungu bigamije utabyaye z’umwana; Article 342: Requirements for intercountry adoption Article 342: Exigences de internationale l’adoption (1) For intercountry adoption to occur, following requirements must be fulfilled: the (1) Pour qu’il y ait l’adoption internationale, les exigences suivantes doivent être remplies: (a) adoption aims at the interests of the child; (a) l’adoption l’enfant; répond aux intérêts de 260 Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 (b) kuba nta muntu wundi uri mu gihugu cy’umwana wifuza cy’inkomoko kumubera umubyeyi ataramubyaye; (b) there is no other person in the State of origin of the child who wishes to adopt the child; (b) aucune autre personne du pays d’origine de l’enfant ne manifeste la volonté d’adopter cet enfant; (c) abantu bagomba kwemera ko habaho kubera umubyeyi umwana utabyaye babikoze nta gahato kandi bagiriwe inama ku byerekeranye n’inkurikizi z’uko kwemera; (d) igihugu cyakira ugirwa umwana n’utaramubyaye ko ushaka kumubera umubyeyi afite ubushobozi bwo gutunga umwana n’ubwangamugayo; cyagaragaje (e) igihugu cy’ushaka kuba umubyeyi w’umwana utabyaye cyemeye ko umwana azemererwa kwinjira no gutura ku buryo buhoraho muri icyo gihugu. rishobora kugena (2) Iteka rya Minisitiri ufite abana mu nshingano ibindi bisabwa mu kubera umubyeyi umwana utabyaye ku rwego mpuzamahanga n’uburyo bikorwa. (c) the persons whose consent is required for the adoption was freely given and that they informed on got advice and were consequences of their consent; (c) les personnes dont le consentement est requis pour l’adoption ont donné librement leur consentement et ont reçu des conseils et ont été informées sur les conséquences de leur consentement; (d) the receiving State of the adoptee has proved that the prospective adoptive parent has enough means to cater for the child and is of moral integrity; (d) l’État d’accueil de l’adopté a déclaré que le futur adoptant dispose de ressources suffisantes pour prendre soin de l’enfant et fait preuve d’intégrité; (e) the country of the prospective adoptive parent has approved that the child will be allowed to enter and reside in the country on a permanent basis. (e) le pays d’origine du futur adoptant a déclaré que l’enfant sera admis sur son territoire et autorisé à s’y établir de façon permanente. (2) An order of the Minister in charge of children in may determine other intercountry adoption and its procedure. requirements (2) Un arrêté du Ministre ayant les enfants dans ses attributions peut déterminer les autres exigences d’adoption internationale et sa procédure. 261 Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 UMUTWE WA XVI: UBUBASHA BWA KIBYEYI CHAPTER XVI: PARENTAL AUTHORITY CHAPITRE PARENTALE XVI: AUTORITÉ Icyiciro cya mbere: Ingingo rusange Section one: General provisions Section première: Dispositions générales
  143. 343

    Ububasha bwa kibyeyi ku

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    AI-assisted research summary: Parents of a child born in wedlock share parental authority. If they disagree, one spouse takes the matter to the family council, and an unhappy party may then go to the competent court.

    Ingingo ya 343: Ububasha bwa kibyeyi ku mwana wavutse ku bashyingiranywe Article 343: Parental authority on child born in wedlock Article 343: Autorité parentale sur l’enfant né dans le mariage Ingingo ya 343: Ububasha bwa kibyeyi ku mwana wavutse ku bashyingiranywe Article 343: Parental authority on child born in wedlock Article 343: Autorité parentale sur l’enfant né dans le mariage (1) Ububasha bwa kibyeyi ku mwana wavutse ku bashyingiranywe bufitwe na se na nyina b’umwana. (1) Parental authority on a child born in wedlock is vested in the father and the mother of the child. (1) L’autorité parentale sur l’enfant né dans le mariage est exercée par le père et la mère de l’enfant. (2) Iyo ababyeyi batumvikanye ku byerekeye gukoresha ububasha bwa kibyeyi, umwe mu bashyingiranywe abimenyesha inama ikabunga. Utishimiye y’umuryango y’umuryango umwanzuro w’inama rubifitiye ashobora kuregera urukiko ububasha. (3) Iyo umwe mu bashyingiranywe yapfuye, yabuze, yazimiye, adafite ubushobozi cyangwa yambuwe ububasha bwa kibyeyi byemejwe n’urukiko, ububasha bwa kibyeyi busigarana undi mubyeyi. (4) Iyo ababyeyi bombi batakiriho, babuze, bazimiye, badafite ubushobozi cyangwa kibyeyi bambuwe byaremejwe n’urukiko, ubwo bubasha umwishingizi w’umwana busigarana ububasha bwa (2) In case of disagreement over the exercise of parental authority, one of the spouses refers the matter to the family council to conciliate them. The unsatisfied party may refer the matter to the competent court. (2) En cas de dissentiment sur l’exercice de l’autorité parentale, l’un des époux s’adresse au conseil de famille pour la conciliation. La partie non satisfaite de sa décision peut porter juridiction compétente. l’affaire devant la (3) If either spouse dies, disappears, is absent, is incapacitated or deprived of parental authority, the parental authority is exercised by the other parent. (3) Lorsque l’un des époux décède, a disparu, est absent, est un interdit judiciaire ou est déchu de l’autorité parentale, celle-ci est exercée par l’autre parent (4) If both parents die, disappeared, are absent, are incapacitated or deprived of parental authority, the parental authority is exercised by the guardian or any other person who has the custody of the child. (4) Lorsque les deux parents décèdent, ont disparu, sont absents, sont des interdits judiciaires ou sont déchus de l’autorité parentale, l’autorité parentale est exercée par le tuteur de l’enfant ou par toute autre 262 Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 cyangwa undi umurera mu buryo bwemewe n’amategeko. personne qui est légalement investie du droit de garde de l’enfant.
  144. 344

    Ububasha bwa kibyeyi ku

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    AI-assisted research summary: Parental authority over a child born out of wedlock is exercised by both parents, unless one parent is unknown or does not recognize the child, in which case the custodial parent exercises it.

    Ingingo ya 344: Ububasha bwa kibyeyi ku mwana wavutse ku batarashyingiranywe Article 344: Parental authority on child born out of wedlock Article 344: Autorité parentale sur l’enfant né hors mariage 45 Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 Icyiciro cya 2: Inshingano zikomoka ku bubasha bwa kibyeyi Section 2: Duties pertaining to parental authority Section 2: Devoirs afférents à l’autorité parentale Ingingo ya 344: Ububasha bwa kibyeyi ku mwana wavutse ku batarashyingiranywe Article 344: Parental authority on child born out of wedlock Article 344: Autorité parentale sur l’enfant né hors mariage Ububasha bwa kibyeyi ku mwana wavutse ku batarashyingiranywe bugirwa n’ababyeyi bombi. Iyo umwe muri bo atazwi cyangwa atemera umwana, ububasha bwa kibyeyi bugirwa n’umubyeyi umurera. Parental authority on child born out of wedlock is exercised by both parents. If one of them is unknown or does not recognize the child, it is exercised by the parent in charge of the child’s custody. L’autorité parentale sur l’enfant né hors mariage est exercée par les deux parents. Lorsque l’un des parents n’est pas connu ou ne reconnaît pas l’enfant, elle est exercée par le parent qui en assure la garde. Icyiciro cya 2: Inshingano zikomoka ku bubasha bwa kibyeyi Section 2: Duties pertaining to parental authority Section 2: Devoirs afférents à l’autorité parentale
  145. 345

    Inshingano y’umubyeyi yo

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    AI-assisted research summary: Parents must care for and educate their child, and a lawful custodian of the child has the same duty.

    Ingingo ya 345: Inshingano y’umubyeyi yo kwita ku mwana no kumurera Article 345: Parental duties of catering for and education of the child Article 345: Devoirs parentaux de garde et d’éducation de l’enfant Ingingo ya 345: Inshingano y’umubyeyi yo kwita ku mwana no kumurera Article 345: Parental duties of catering for and education of the child Article 345: Devoirs parentaux de garde et d’éducation de l’enfant (1) Umubyeyi afite inshingano yo kwita ku (1) The parent has the duty to cater for and (1) Le parent a le devoir d’assurer la garde et mwana we no kumurera. educate his or her child. l’éducation de leur enfant. (2) Ushinzwe kurera umwana wemewe n’amategeko na we afite nshingano zo kwita kuri uwo mwana. (2) The custodian of the child has also the same (2) La personne qui assure la garde de l’enfant a duty. aussi le même devoir.
  146. 346

    Aho umwana arererwa

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    AI-assisted research summary: A child is generally to be educated in the parents’ family or with other persons who have parental authority, and may not leave the family home to live elsewhere without consent unless the law provides otherwise.

    Ingingo ya 346: Aho umwana arererwa Article 346: Place of education of the child Article 346: Lieu d’éducation de l’enfant Ingingo ya 346: Aho umwana arererwa Article 346: Place of education of the child Article 346: Lieu d’éducation de l’enfant (1) Umwana arererwa mu muryango w’ababyeyi be cyangwa uw’abandi bamufiteho ububasha bwa kibyeyi. (1) The place of education of the child is the family of his or her parents or that of other persons with parental authority over him or her. \ 263 (1) Le lieu d’éducation de l’enfant est la famille de ses parents ou celle d’autres personnes ayant l’autorité parentale sur lui. Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 (2) Umwana ntashobora kuva mu muryango ngo ajye kwibana cyangwa ngo ajye gucumbika ahandi ababyeyi be cyangwa abandi bamufiteho ububasha bwa kibyeyi bihe batabimwemereye biteganywa n’amategeko. uretse mu (2) A child shall not leave family household and settle in his or her own residence or stay in another place without the consent of his or her parents or other persons with parental authority over him or her, except in circumstances provided by law. (2) L’enfant ne peut pas quitter la résidence familiale pour aller vivre seul ou séjourner ailleurs sans le consentement du père ou de la mère ou des autres personnes qui exercent l’autorité parentale sur lui, sauf dans les circonstances prévues par la loi.
  147. 347

    Gucunga umutungo

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    AI-assisted research summary: Parents or other persons with parental authority administer a child’s property and represent the child in civil acts; if the marriage ends, the custodial parent does so. Transfers, sales, or mortgages of the child’s property require consent from both parents or the relevant parental-authority holders, and disputes may go to the family council and then court.

    Ingingo ya 347: Gucunga umutungo w’umwana Article 347: Administration of the child’s property Article 347: Administration du patrimoine de l’enfant Ingingo ya 347: Gucunga umutungo w’umwana Article 347: Administration of the child’s property Article 347: Administration du patrimoine de l’enfant (1) Mu gihe amasezerano yo gushyingirwa akiriho, ababyeyi b’umwana cyangwa abandi bamufiteho ububasha bwa kibyeyi ni bo bamucungira umutungo kandi bamuhagararira mu bikorwa bimuhuza yo n’abandi. gucunga gushyingirwa umutungo bikorwa n’umubyeyi washinzwe kumurera. atakiriho, w’umwana amasezerano Iyo iyo (2) Gucunga umutungo w’umwana bikorwa mu nyungu ze hagamijwe kuwubyaza bibaye Icyakora, umusaruro. ngombwa gutanga, kugurisha cyangwa kugwatiriza umutungo w’umwana ku gukorwa nyungu hagati hatabayeho y’ababyeyi bombi abandi bamufiteho ububasha bwa kibyeyi iyo bwa ababyeyi kibyeyi. ntibishobora ubwumvikane batagifite ububasha cyangwa ze, (1) The parents, during the marriage, or any other persons exercising parental authority over a child ensure the administration of the property of the child and represent him or her in civil acts. When the marriage no longer exists, the administration of child’s property is provided by the parent in charge of the child’s custody. (1) Les parents, durant le mariage, ou une autre personne exerçant l’autorité parentale sur l’enfant, sont administrateurs du patrimoine de leur enfant et le représentent dans les actes de la vie civile. Lorsque le mariage n’existe plus, l’administration du patrimoine de l’enfant est assurée par le parent à qui la garde de l’enfant a été confiée. (2) Administration of the child’s property is done in his or her interest with the aim of making it productive. However, in case of transfer, sale or mortgage on the child’s property in his or her interests, the consent of both parents or other persons exercising parental authority over the child if his or her parents are not exercising it anymore is required. (2) L’administration du patrimoine de l’enfant se fait dans l’intérêt de l’enfant afin de le rendre productif. Toutefois, en cas de cession, de vente ou d’hypothèque du patrimoine de l’enfant dans son intérêt, le consentement des deux parents ou des autres personnes exerçant l’autorité parentale sur lui si ces parents ne l'exercent plus est requis. 264 Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 (3) Iyo batabyumvikanyeho, umwe mu bashyingiranywe ashobora gushyikiriza ikibazo inama y’umuryango. Utishimiye n’inama umwanzuro y’umuryango ashobora gutanga ikirego imbere y’urukiko rubifitiye ububasha. wafashwe (3) In case of disagreement, either spouse may refer the matter to the family council. A person who is not satisfied with the decision of the family council may refer the matter to the competent court. (3) En cas de dissentiment, l’un des époux peut porter l’affaire devant le conseil de famille. La personne non satisfaite de la décision du conseil de famille peut porter l’affaire devant la juridiction compétente. ya 348: Ingingo inshingano w’umwana zirangira zo Impamvu gucunga zituma umutungo
  148. 348

    Impamvu zituma inshingano

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    AI-assisted research summary: A parent’s or other person with parental authority’s duty to manage a child’s property ends when listed events happen.

    Ingingo ya 348: Impamvu zituma inshingano zo gucunga umutungo w’umwana zirangira Article 348: Grounds for termination of duties of the administration of the child’s property Article 348: Causes mettant fin aux devoirs d’administration du patrimoine de l’enfant \ Article 348: Grounds for termination of duties of the administration of the child’s property Article 348: Causes mettant fin aux devoirs d’administration du patrimoine de l’enfant Inshingano z’umubyeyi w’umwana cyangwa undi muntu umufiteho ububasha bwa kibyeyi zo kumucungira umutungo zirangira iyo – Duties of parents or persons with parental authority to ensure the administration of the child’s property are terminated if – Les devoirs des parents ou des personnes ayant autorité parentale d’assurer l’administration du patrimoine de l’enfant prennent fin lorsque – (a) ababyeyi cyangwa undi muntu umufiteho ububasha bwa kibyeyi bambuwe ububasha bwa kibyeyi cyangwa bapfuye; (a) parents or other persons vested with parental authority are deprived of parental authority or die; (a) les parents ou les autres personnes exerçant l’autorité parentale sur l’enfant sont déchus de l’autorité parentale ou décèdent; (b) umwana ahawe undi mwishingizi; (b) the guardianship is vested in another (b) la tutelle de l’enfant est confiée à un person; autre tuteur; (c) umwana agejeje ku myaka y’ubukure; (c) the child attains age of majority; (c) l’enfant atteint l’âge de la majorité; (d) umwana yemerewe ubukure; (d) the child is emancipated; or (d) l’enfant a été émancipé; ou (e) cyangwa umwana apfuye. (e) the child dies. (e) en cas de décès de l’enfant. 265 Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024
  149. 349

    Kwemererwa gukoresha

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    AI-assisted research summary: A parent or other person with parental authority may use a child’s property revenues for the child’s benefit, and may help the child use property tied to the child’s work, art, or similar activity.

    Ingingo ya 349: Kwemererwa gukoresha umutungo w’umwana Article 349: Legal enjoyment of the child’s property Article 349: Jouissance patrimoine de l’enfant légale sur le Ingingo ya 349: Kwemererwa gukoresha umutungo w’umwana Article 349: Legal enjoyment of the child’s property Article 349: Jouissance patrimoine de l’enfant légale sur le (1) Umubyeyi w’umwana cyangwa undi muntu umufiteho ububasha bwa kibyeyi yemerewe n’amategeko gukoresha mu nyungu z’umwana ibikomoka ku mutungo we. (1) Parent of the child or other person vested with parental authority has the right to the legal enjoyment of revenues accrued from their child’s property in the interest of the child. (1) Le parent de l’enfant ou l’autre personne exerçant l’autorité parentale sur lui a un droit de jouissance légale sur les revenus du patrimoine de leur enfant dans l’intérêt de l’enfant. (2) Mu nyungu z’umwana, umubyeyi we cyangwa undi muntu umufiteho ububasha bwa kibyeyi yemerewe gufasha umwana gukoresha umutungo uturuka ku mpano cyangwa w’umwana umwuga utandukanye n’uw’ababyeyi be cyangwa abandi bamufiteho ububasha bwa kibyeyi n’ibindi uwo mwana yishakiye akoresheje uwo mutungo. (2) In the interest of the child, parent or other person vested with parental authority are authorized to help the child in the use of his or her revenues got from his or her employment, exercise of his or her art or a particular activity different from that of his or her parents or other persons vested with parental authority over the child and the property the child generates from these revenues. sur l’enfant (2) Dans l’intérêt de l’enfant, le parent de l’autre personne exerçant l’enfant ou sont l’autorité parentale autorisés à aider l’enfant dans l’usage de ses revenus provenant de son emploi, de l’exercice de son art ou d'une activité particulière différente de celle de ses parents ou autres personnes exerçant l’autorité parentale sur l’enfant ainsi que le patrimoine acquis par l’enfant grâce à ces revenus.
  150. 350

    Gukoresha umutungo

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    AI-assisted research summary: If the parents divorce, the parent who has custody of the child gets the legal enjoyment of income from the child’s property.

    Ingingo ya 350: Gukoresha umutungo w’umwana iyo habayeho ubutane Article 350: Legal enjoyment of the child’s property in case of divorce sur Article 350: Jouissance patrimoine de l’enfant en cas de divorce légale le Ingingo ya 350: Gukoresha umutungo w’umwana iyo habayeho ubutane Article 350: Legal enjoyment of the child’s property in case of divorce Article 350: Jouissance sur patrimoine de l’enfant en cas de divorce légale le Iyo habayeho ubutane, inshingano zo gukoresha ibikomoka ku mutungo w’umwana zemererwa umubyeyi washinzwe kurera umwana. In case of divorce, legal enjoyment of the revenues accrued from the child’s property is conveyed to the parent in charge of the child’s custody. En cas de divorce, la jouissance légale sur les revenus du patrimoine de l’enfant revient au parent auquel la garde de l’enfant a été confiée.
  151. 351

    Igihe gukoresha umutungo

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    AI-assisted research summary: The legal enjoyment of a child’s property ends when its administration ends.

    Ingingo ya 351: Igihe gukoresha umutungo w’umwana birangirira Article 351: Termination of legal enjoyment of the child property Article 351: Fin de jouissance légale sur le patrimoine de l’enfant Icyiciro cya 3: Kwamburwa ububasha bwa kibyeyi Ingingo ya 351: Igihe gukoresha umutungo w’umwana birangirira Article 351: Termination of legal enjoyment of the child property Article 351: Fin de jouissance légale sur le patrimoine de l’enfant Gukoresha umutungo w’umwana birangira Legal enjoyment of the child’s property terminates La jouissance légale sur le patrimoine de 266 Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 igihe ububasha bwo kuwucunga butakiriho. at the same time as its administration. l’enfant prend fin en même temps que son administration. Icyiciro cya 3: Kwamburwa ububasha bwa kibyeyi Section 3: Deprivation of parental authority Section 3: Déchéance de l’autorité parentale
  152. 352

    Impamvu zituma umuntu

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    AI-assisted research summary: A court may temporarily or permanently deprive a person of parental authority if an interested person asks and the listed grounds are met.

    Ingingo ya 352: Impamvu zituma umuntu yamburwa ububasha bwa kibyeyi Section 3: Deprivation of parental authority Section 3: Déchéance de l’autorité parentale Article 352: Grounds for deprivation of parental authority Article 352: Motifs de la déchéance de l’autorité parentale UMUTWE WA XVII: IZUNGURA CHAPTER XVII: SUCCESSION CHAPITRE XVII: SUCCESSION 46 Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 Icyiciro cya mbere: Igikorwa cyo kuzungura n’itangira ry’izungura Section One: Act of succession and the opening of the succession Section première: Acte de succession et l’ouverture de la succession Ingingo ya 352: Impamvu zituma umuntu yamburwa ububasha bwa kibyeyi Article 352: Grounds for deprivation of parental authority Article 352: Motifs de la déchéance de l’autorité parentale (1) Bisabwe n’umuntu ubifitemo inyungu, urukiko kwambura rushobora by’agateganyo cyangwa burundu ufite ububasha bwa kibyeyi kubera imwe mu mpamvu zikurikira: (1) Upon request by an interested person, the court may temporarily or permanently deprive a person with parental authority for one of the following grounds: (1) À la demande d'une personne intéressée, le tribunal peut priver temporairement ou définitivement une personne de l'autorité parentale pour l'un des motifs suivants: (a) iyo ufite ububasha bwa yabukoresheje nabi cyangwa umwana ku nkeke; kibyeyi ahoza (a) if the person with parental authority abuses his or her parental authority or ill-treats the child; (b) iyo ufite ububasha bwa kibyeyi yitwaye nabi ku buryo bugaragarira buri wese bigatuma atagikwiriye kugira ububasha bwa kibyeyi. (b) if the person with parental authority is no longer worthy of exercising parental authority due to his or her notorious misconduct. (a) lorsque la personne ayant l’autorité parentale abuse de son autorité parentale ou se livre à des sévices sur la personne de son enfant; (b) lorsque, par son inconduite notoire, la personne ayant autorité parentale n’est plus digne d’exercer l’autorité parentale. (2) Iyo zatumye impamvu ububasha umubyeyi kibyeyi yamburwa zitakiriho, uwambuwe ububasha bwa kibyeyi urukiko rubifitiye ububasha kubusubizwa. ashobora gusaba bwa (2) If the grounds leading to the loss of parental authority no longer exist, the deprived parent may apply to the competent court to reinstate them. (2) Si les motifs ayant conduit à la perte de l'autorité parentale n'existent plus, le parent déchu peut demander à juridiction compétente de les rétablir. la 267 Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 UMUTWE WA XVII: IZUNGURA CHAPTER XVII: SUCCESSION CHAPITRE XVII: SUCCESSION Igikorwa cya mbere: Icyiciro kuzungura n’itangira ry’izungura cyo Section One: Act of succession and the opening of the succession Section première: Acte de succession et l’ouverture de la succession
  153. 353

    Igikorwa cyo kuzungura

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    AI-assisted research summary: Succession is the transfer of a deceased person’s rights and obligations over assets and liabilities, based on kinship.

    Ingingo ya 353: Igikorwa cyo kuzungura Article 353: Act of succession Article 353: Acte de succession Ingingo ya 353: Igikorwa cyo kuzungura Article 353: Act of succession Article 353: Acte de succession Kuzungura ni igikorwa cyo guhabwa uburenganzira n’inshingano ku mutungo n’imyenda bya nyakwigendera hashingiwe ku isano bafitanye. Succession is the transfer of rights and obligations on the assets and liabilities of the deceased based on the kinship. La succession est la transmission des droits et obligations sur l’actif et le passif du défunt en fonction de lien de parenté.
  154. 354

    Itangira ry’izungura

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    AI-assisted research summary: Succession starts when a person dies, usually at the person’s domicile or residence.

    Ingingo ya 354: Itangira ry’izungura Article 354: Opening of succession Article 354: Ouverture de la succession Icyiciro cya 2: Abemerewe kuzungura Section 2: Persons eligible for succession Section 2: Personnes éligibles à la succession Ingingo ya 354: Itangira ry’izungura Article 354: Opening of succession Article 354: Ouverture de la succession (1) Izungura ritangira iyo uzungurwa amaze gupfa, rikabera aho yari atuye cyangwa yabaga. (1) Succession opens upon the death of a person, at his or her domicile or residence. (1) La succession d’une personne s’ouvre par son décès, à son domicile ou à sa résidence. (2) Guhera ku munsi izungura ritangiriyeho, ku yaba umuzungura, bw’itegeko cyangwa ku bw’irage yitwa umuzungura iyo abyemeye. uzungura (2) Starting from the day of the opening of succession, a person entitled to succeed by way of a will or under law is called an heir as long as he or she accepts it. (3) Izungura ry’uwazimiye cyangwa uwabuze rutangaza urupfu rw’uwabuze ritangira urubanza rw’uwazimiye rumaze kuba ndakuka. cyangwa (3) In the event of absence or disappearance, succession opens with a final declaratory judgement of death of the disappeared or the absentee. (2) A partir du jour de l’ouverture de la succession, une personne ayant droit à la succession au moyen du testament ou en vertu de la loi, est appelée héritier aussi longtemps qu’elle l’accepte. (3) En cas d’absence ou de disparition, la succession s’ouvre par le jugement définitif déclaratif de décès du disparu ou de l’absent. (4) Iyo izungura ritangiye, ugomba (4) After the opening of succession, the liquidator (4) Après l’ouverture de la succession, le 268 Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 uzungurwa umutungo kwegeranya ashyirwaho mu buryo buteganywa n’iri tegeko. is appointed under modalities provided by this Law. liquidateur est désigné selon les modalités prévues par la présente loi. (5) Izungura Ushinzwe uzungurwa ni we ubazwa n’izungura byose. ntirigira kwegeranya ubuzimagatozi. umutungo ibirebana (5) Succession has no legal personality. The liquidator is responsible for all succession matters. (5) La succession n’a pas de personnalité juridique. Le liquidateur est responsable de toutes les affaires relatives à la succession. Icyiciro cya 2: Abemerewe kuzungura Section 2: Persons eligible for succession Section 2: Personnes éligibles à la succession
  155. 355

    Uwemerewe kuzungura

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    AI-assisted research summary: This article says who may inherit: a person alive or represented when succession opens, including an unborn child if born alive; an absentee or disappeared person presumed alive; and entities with legal personality.

    Ingingo ya 355: Uwemerewe kuzungura Article 355: Persons called to succeed Article 355: Personnes appelées à succession la Ingingo ya 355: Uwemerewe kuzungura Article 355: Persons called to succeed (1) Uwemerewe kuzungura ni umuntu ukiriho izungura cyangwa uhagarariwe ritangiye, harimo n’umwana ukiri mu nda iyo avutse ari muzima. igihe (1) A person called to succeed is the one still alive or represented at the time succession opens, including an unborn child provided that he or she is born alive. Article 355: Personnes appelées à succession la (1) La personne appelée à succéder est la personne qui existe ou qui est représentée au moment de l’ouverture de la succession, y compris l’enfant conçu à condition qu’il naisse vivant. (2) Uwazimiye cyangwa uwabuze na we agifatwa iyo yemerewe kuzungura nk’ukiriho. (3) Leta n’ibigo iby’abikorera ubuzimagatozi bishobora kuzungura. bya Leta n’ibindi cyangwa bifite (2) The absentee or the disappeared may be entitled to succeed if he or she is presumed to be alive. (2) L’absent ou le disparu peut être éligible à la succession lorsqu’elle est présumée vivante. (3) Government and public or private entities or other entities with legal personality may be entitled to succeed. (3) L’État et les entités publiques, privées ou autres dotées de la personnalité juridique peuvent succéder.
  156. 356

    Uburinganire bw’abana mu

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    AI-assisted research summary: Legitimate children of a deceased person inherit equally.

    Ingingo ya 356: Uburinganire bw’abana mu izungura Article 356: Equal treatment of children in succession Article 356: Égalité des enfants en matière de succession Ingingo ya 356: Uburinganire bw’abana mu izungura Article 356: Equal treatment of children in succession Article 356: Égalité des enfants en matière de succession Abana amategeko yemera ko ari aba Legitimate children of the deceased succeed in Les enfants légitimes du défunt lui succèdent par 269 Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 nyakwigendera bazungura ku buryo bungana nta vangura hagati y’umwana w’umuhungu n’uw’umukobwa.
  157. 357

    Impamvu zidakomoka ku

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    AI-assisted research summary: An heir may ask the competent court to bar another heir or legatee from succession within one year of the succession starting or of learning the grounds; the deceased may also name disqualified persons in a will or other way before death.

    Ingingo ya 357: Impamvu zidakomoka ku cyaha kwamburwa uburenganzira bwo kuzungura zatuma habaho Article 357: Grounds not arising from offense for possible debarment from succession Article 357: Motifs ne découlant pas d’infraction résultant d’une éventuelle indignité successorale Ingingo ya 357: Impamvu zidakomoka ku cyaha zatuma habaho kwamburwa uburenganzira bwo kuzungura equal portions without any discrimination between male and female children. parts égales sans discrimination aucune entre ceux de sexe masculin et ceux de sexe féminin. Article 357: Grounds not arising from offense for possible debarment from succession Article 357: Motifs ne découlant pas d’infraction résultant d’une éventuelle indignité successorale (1) Umuzungura ashobora kwamburwa (1) An heir or legatee may be debarred from (1) L’héritier ou le légataire peut être frappé uburenganzira bwo kuzungura iyo – succession if he or she – d’indignité successorale lorsqu’il – (a) yacanye umubano wa kibyeyi na nyakwigendera igihe yari akiriho; (a) broke off parental relationships with the the lifetime of the deceased during deceased; (a) a rompu les relations parentales avec le défunt du vivant du défunt; (b) yirengagije abigambiriye kwita kuri yari gihe nyakwigendera mu abikeneye; (c) yitwaje buke ubushobozi bwa nyakwigendera bwo mu mutwe cyangwa ku mubiri, akiharira igice cyangwa umutungo wose uzungurwa; (d) cyangwa nkana, yarigishije yacagaguye, yangije irage rya nyuma rya nyakwigendera atabimwemereye uburenganzira cyangwa agendeye ku ryavanyweho cyangwa ryataye agaciro. yarihaye irage (2) Nyakwigendera, mbere gupfa, agaragaza mu irage cyangwa mu bundi yo (b) deliberately failed to take care of the deceased in time of need; (b) a délibérément négligé d’apporter au défunt des soins alors qu’il en avait besoin; (c) took advantage of physical or mental inability of the deceased to take over the whole or part of inheritance; or (c) a abusé de l’incapacité physique ou mentale du défunt et s’est accaparé de tout ou partie de l’héritage; ou (d) intentionally disposed of, destroyed, altered the last will of the deceased without his or her consent or took advantage of a revoked or voided will. (d) intentionnellement a fait disparaître, détruit, altéré le dernier testament du défunt sans son consentement ou s’est prévalu d’un testament révoqué ou devenu caduc. (2) The deceased, before his or her death, indicates in the will or by other means, persons debarred 270 (2) Le défunt, avant son décès, exprime dans son testament ou par tout autre moyen, les buryo abatemerewe kumuzungura kubera imwe mu mpamvu zivugwa muri iyi ngingo. (3) Umwe mu bazungura ashobora, mu gihe kitarenze umwaka umwe uhereye ku munsi izungura ryatangiriyeho cyangwa ku munsi yamenyeyeho imwe muri izi mpamvu, kuregera urukiko rubifitiye ububasha kwambura uburenganzira bwo kuzungura ugomba kuzungura cyangwa ugomba guhabwa indagano, wateje imwe mu mpamvu ziteganywa mu gika cya (1) cy’iyi ngingo. Ikirego gitangwa mu buryo bw’inyandiko nsobanurakirego itanzwe n’umuburanyi umwe.
  158. 358

    Impamvu zikomoka ku

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    AI-assisted research summary: An heir loses succession rights automatically if convicted of certain serious offenses. An heir or legatee may ask the competent court to bar the responsible person from succession within one year.

    Ingingo ya 358: Impamvu zikomoka ku cyaha zituma habaho kwamburwa nta mpaka uburenganzira bwo kuzungura Article 358: Grounds arising from offenses for ultimate debarment from succession 358: Motifs Article infractions résultant successorale de plein droit à découlant des l’indignité Ingingo ya 358: Impamvu zikomoka ku cyaha zituma habaho kwamburwa nta mpaka uburenganzira bwo kuzungura Umuzungura uburenganzira bwo kuzungura iyo– yamburwa nta mpaka (a) yahamijwe yishe n’urukiko abishaka cyangwa yagambiriye kwica nyakwigendera; ko Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 from succession for reasons mentioned in this Article. personnes frappées d’indignité successorale pour des raisons mentionnés au présent article. (3) An heir or legatee may, within one year from the date of the opening of succession or the date he or she became aware of one of those grounds, file a claim to the competent court to debar the heir or legatee responsible for one of the acts provided in Paragraph (1) of this Article from succession. The claim is filed in way of unilateral request. Article 358: Grounds arising from offense for ultimate debarment from succession (3) Un héritier ou légataire, endéans un an à compter de l’ouverture de la succession ou le jour auquel il a pris connaissance de l’un de ces motifs, peut saisir la juridiction l’indignité compétente successorale de légataire responsable de l’un des actes prévus au paragraphe (1) du présent article. La requête est requête unilatérale. déclarer l’héritier ou introduite sous forme de pour 358: Motifs Article des infraction résultant à l’indignité successorale de plein droit découlant An heir is automatically deprived of succession rights if he or she – Un héritier est indigné de succéder de plein droit lorsqu’il – (a) is convicted of intentionally killing the deceased or of attempting to kill him or her; (a) a été reconnu coupable d’avoir causé intentionnellement la mort ou voulu attenter à la vie du défunt; (b) yahamijwe n’urukiko ko yabeshyeye cyangwa yatanzeho nyakwigendera bw’ibinyoma ubuhamya akatirwa bwashoboraga gutuma (b) is convicted of a false accusation or perjury that could have resulted in the deceased being sentenced to an imprisonment of at least 6 months; (b) a été reconnu coupable de dénonciation calomnieuse ou faux témoignage qui aurait pu entraîner à l’encontre du défunt à une peine une condamnation 271 n’inkiko igifungo nibura cy’amezi 6; (c) yahamijwe n’urukiko ko yamukoreyeho icyaha cy’icuruzwa ry’abantu no gushakira inyungu mu igikorwa wundi, yamukoreye cy’urukozasoni, yamusambanyije cyangwa yamukoreye irindi hohotera rishingiye ku gitsina; (d) cyangwa yahamijwe n’urukiko ko yataye nkana umwana we uzungurwa. Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 (c) is convicted of the offence of trafficking in persons and exploitation of others, indecent assault, defilement or any other sexual abuse of his or her person; or (d) is convicted child abandonment his or her child whose succession is opened. deliberate of d’emprisonnement de 6 mois au moins; (c) a été reconnu coupable de l’infraction de la traite des personnes et l’exploitation d’autrui, de l’attentat à la pudeur ou du viol ou autre abus sexuel sur sa personne; ou (d) a été reconnu coupable de l’abandon délibéré de son enfant dont la succession est ouverte.
  159. 359

    Kutagaragaza impamvu

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    AI-assisted research summary: An heir or legatee is not debarred from succession if the deceased knew the ground for debarment before death and did not raise it.

    Ingingo ya 359: Kutagaragaza impamvu zambura uburenganzira bwo kuzungura Article 359: Disregarding of grounds for debarment from succession Article 359: Non-considération des motifs d’indignité successorale Ingingo ya 359: Kutagaragaza impamvu zambura uburenganzira bwo kuzungura Article 359: Disregarding of grounds for debarment from succession Article 359: Non-considération des motifs d’indignité successorale Iyo mbere yo gupfa, nyakwigendera yari azi impamvu yashoboraga gutera kwamburwa ariko uburenganzira ntabigaragaze, umuzungura ntiyamburwa uburenganzira bwo kuzungura. kuzungura bwo An heir or legatee shall not be debarred from succession if, before death, the deceased knew the ground for debarment from succession and did not raise it. L’héritier ou légataire ne peut pas être frappé d’indignité successorale lorsque, avant sa mort, le motif d’indignité le défunt connaissait successorale mais ne l’a pas soulevée.
  160. 360

    Inkurikizi zo kwamburwa

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    AI-assisted research summary: A person debarred from succession is excluded from the deceased’s estate, and if property was already received, it must be returned or its value repaid.

    Ingingo ya 360: Inkurikizi zo kwamburwa uburenganzira bwo kuzungura Article 360: Effects of debarment from succession Article 360: Effets de l’indignité successorale Icyiciro cya 3: Uburyo izungura rikorwa Section 3: Modalities for succession Section 3: Modalités de succession 47 Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 Akiciro ka mbere: Izungura rikozwe ku buryo bw’irage Subsection One: Testamentary succession Sous-section testamentaire première: succession Ingingo ya 360: Inkurikizi zo kwamburwa uburenganzira bwo kuzungura Article 360: Effects of debarment succession from Article 360: Effets de l’indignité successorale uburenganzira (1) Uwambuwe bwo avanwa mu mubare kuzungura nyakwigendera. w’abazungura Umugabane kubona wongerwa ku migabane y’abazungura basigaye. yagombaga ba (1) A person debarred from succession is excluded from succession of the estate of the deceased. His or her supposed portion is added to the respective portions of other heirs or legatees. 272 (1) Une frappée personne d’indignité successorale est exclue de la succession du patrimoine successoral du défunt. La part qui devait lui revenir accroît la part des autres héritiers ou légataires. uburenganzira (2) Uwambuwe bwo kuzungura abuzwa gusa kuzungura umutungo w’uwo yahemukiye ariko ashobora kuzungura undi mutungo uwambuwe w’umuryango. uburenganzira kuzungura buteganywa mu ngingo ya 358 y’iri atakaza uburenganzira bwo tegeko kuzungura wose w’umuryango akomokamo hatitawe ku buryo y’umutungo w’abashyingiranywe. Icyakora, bwo bw’imicungire mutungo ku (3) Umuzungura wambuwe uburenganzira bwo kuzungura, iyo yari yaramaze kuzungura, ategetswe gusubiza umutungo yazunguye, yarazwe cyangwa agaciro kawo mu gihe akiriho. Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 (2) Debarment from succession only affects the right to succeed to the estate of the person offended and may not affect the right to succeed to other property of the family. from person However, succession per provisions of Article 358 of this Law loses the right to succeed the whole estate of his or her family, regardless of the matrimonial regime. debarred any (3) The heir or the legatee excluded from succession as a result of debarment from succession, during his or her lifetime, is bound to return all inherited or bequeathed property or its value. (2) L’indignité successorale ne s’applique qu’à la succession de la personne envers qui la faute a été commise et non à tout le patrimoine successoral de famille. Toutefois, la personne frappée d’indignité successorale prévue à l’article 358 de la présente loi, perd le droit de succession de tout le patrimoine successoral de sa famille, sans tenir compte du régime matrimonial. la le pour légataire exclu de (3) L’héritier ou la succession d’indignité successorale est tenu, de son vivant, de rendre les biens hérités, légués ou la leur valeur. cause Icyiciro cya 3: Uburyo izungura rikorwa Section 3: Modalities for succession Section 3: Modalités de succession Akiciro ka mbere: Izungura rikozwe ku buryo bw’irage Subsection One: Testamentary succession Sous-section testamentaire première: succession
  161. 361

    Uburyo izungura rikorwa

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    AI-assisted research summary: A deceased person’s estate may be handled by will or without a will, in whole or in part.

    Ingingo ya 361: Uburyo izungura rikorwa Article 361: Modalities for succession Article 361: Modalités de succession Ingingo ya 361: Uburyo izungura rikorwa Article 361: Modalities for succession Article 361: Modalités de succession (1) Izungura rya nyakwigendera rishobora gukorwa nta rage cyangwa ku buryo bw’irage ku bintu byose cyangwa bimwe muri byo. (1) The succession of the deceased may be intestate or testamentary, in whole or in part. (1) La succession du défunt peut être sans testament ou testamentaire, en tout ou en partie. (2) Umutungo nyakwigendera atatanze mu (2) An estate of the deceased not given by way of (2) Les biens du défunt non donnés par 273 Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 buryo bw’irage ugabanywa hakurikijwe ibiteganywa n’iri tegeko ku bijyanye n’izungura rikozwe nta rage. a will is devolved according to provisions of this Law applicable to intestate succession testament sont dévolus conformément aux dispositions de la présente loi applicables à la succession sans testament.
  162. 362

    Igikorwa cy’irage

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    AI-assisted research summary: A will is a revocable legal deed made in the form required by law that lets a person decide how their property will be disposed of after death.

    Ingingo ya 362: Igikorwa cy’irage Article 362: Act of will Article 362: Acte du testament Ingingo ya 362: Igikorwa cy’irage Article 362: Act of will Article 362: Acte du testament Irage ni igikorwa mbonezategeko gikorwa n’uraga, gishobora guseswa kandi kigakorwa mu buryo buteganywa n’itegeko, aho umuntu agena amerekezo y’ibintu bye igihe azaba atakiriho. A will is a revocable unilateral deed intended to have legal effect which is drawn up in accordance with one of the procedures prescribed by law, by which a person determines the disposition of his or her property after his or her death. Un testament est un acte juridique unilatéral, révocable, établi dans l’une des formes prévues par la loi, par lequel une personne détermine la destination de son patrimoine après sa mort.
  163. 363

    Igihe irage rikorerwa

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    AI-assisted research summary: A will may be made by a person before death, and the legatee gets full ownership only after the testator dies.

    Ingingo ya 363: Igihe irage rikorerwa Article 363: Period of making a will Article 363: Période d’établissement du testament Ingingo ya 363: Igihe irage rikorerwa Article 363: Period of making a will igihe rikorwa n’umuntu ubishaka Irage akiriho. Uraga yikuraho ibintu nta kiguzi, uragwa akabyegukana ari uko uraga apfuye. A will is made by any person willing to do so, prior to his or her death. The testator disposes of his or her property with no cost, and the legatee only enjoys its full ownership upon the testator’s death. Article 363: Période d’établissement du testament Le testament est établi par quiconque qui le souhaite avant sa mort. Le testateur dispose de son patrimoine gratuitement et l’héritier ne jouit de plein droit de la propriété qu’après le décès du testateur.
  164. 364

    Ubushobozi bw’uraga

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    AI-assisted research summary: A testator and the spouse must have the legal capacity required by law. A testator may dispose of all or part of property by will, and a will made by one spouse over common property in certain marital property regimes needs the other spouse’s written consent.

    Ingingo ya 364: Ubushobozi bw’uraga Article 364: Capacity of the testator Article 364: Capacité du testateur Ingingo ya 364: Ubushobozi bw’uraga Article 364: Capacity of the testator Article 364: Capacité du testateur (1) Uraga kimwe n’uwo bashyingiranywe bagomba kuba bafite ubushobozi busabwa n’amategeko. Ukora irage ashobora kuraga igice cyangwa umutungo we wose hakurikijwe ibiteganywa n’iri tegeko. (1) A testator as well as his or her spouse must have required legal capacity. The testator may dispose of all or part of his or her property, by a will in accordance with the provisions of this Law. (1) Un testateur ainsi son époux doivent avoir la capacité requise par la loi. Le testateur peut disposer par testament tout ou partie de son patrimoine conformément aux dispositions de la présente loi. (2) Irage rikozwe bashyingiranywe bw’ivangamutungo n’umwe mu rusange mu buryo cyangwa (2) A will made by one spouse married under community of property regime or limited community of property regime related to 274 (2) Le testament établi par l’un des époux sous le régime de la communauté universelle ou le régime de la communauté réduite aux Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 ku ivangamutungo mutungo bahuriyeho rigomba kwemerwa mu nyandiko n’uwo bashyingiranywe. w’umuhahano, common property must be allowed by the other spouse through written consent. acquêts sur le patrimoine commun aux époux doit être autorisé par l'autre conjoint par le biais d'un consentement écrit.
  165. 365

    Ubushobozi bw’uragwa

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    AI-assisted research summary: A legatee must have legal capacity when accepting a will.

    Ingingo ya 365: Ubushobozi bw’uragwa Article 365: Capacity of the legatee Article 365: Capacité du légataire Ingingo ya 365: Ubushobozi bw’uragwa Article 365: Capacity of the legatee Article 365: Capacité du légataire (1) Uragwa agomba kuba afite ubushobozi buteganywa n’amategeko ku munsi wo kwemera irage. (2) Ku mwana cyangwa ku muntu mukuru irage udafite ubushobozi, kwemera bikorwa hakurikijwe ingingo z’amategeko zerekeye uguhagararirwa. (1) The legatee must possess legal capacity on the (1) Le légataire doit avoir la capacité légale le date of acceptance of the will. jour de l’acceptation du testament. (2) The acceptance by a child or incapacitated person of a will, is done in accordance with provisions relating to representation. (2) L’acceptation d’un testament par l’enfant ou majeur incapable se fait conformément aux dispositions relatives à la représentation.
  166. 366

    Uburyo irage rikorwa

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    AI-assisted research summary: A will must be made in authentic form.

    Ingingo ya 366: Uburyo irage rikorwa Article 366: Procedure for making a will Article 366: Procédure d’établissement d’un testament Ingingo ya 366: Uburyo irage rikorwa Article 366: Procedure for making a will Article 366: Procédure d’établissement d’un testament (1) Irage rikorwa mu buryo bw’inyandiko (1) A will is made in authentic form. (1) Le testament est établi sous forme mpamo. authentique. (2) Irage rikozwe mu buryo bw’inyandiko mpamo ni irage rikorewe imbere ya noteri n’uraga cyangwa imbere y’umwanditsi w’irangamimerere w’aho uraga atuye cyangwa aba. (3) Umwanditsi w’irangamimerere cyangwa noteri abika inyandiko y’umwimerere akandika mu gitabo cyabugenewe itariki ryakoreweho, amazina y’uraga irage Iyi n’aho atuye cyangwa aho aba. (2) An authentic will is the one made by the testator before the notary or the civil registrar of the testator’s place of residence or domicile. (2) Le testament authentique est celui établi par le testateur soit devant le notaire soit devant l’officier de l’état civil de son domicile ou de sa résidence. (3) The civil registrar or the notary keeps the original document and records the date on which the will is made along with the testator’s name and domicile or residence the appropriate register. The document is also kept 275 in (3) L’officier de l’état civil ou le notaire garde l’original et inscrit dans le registre approprié la date à laquelle celui-ci est établi ainsi que les noms et le domicile ou la résidence du testateur. Le testament est aussi conservé Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 nyandiko kandi bw’ikoranabuhanga. ibikwa mu buryo electronically. électroniquement. (4) Irage ry’umwimerere n’igitabo cyandikwamo irage bibikwa mu ibanga abo irage rireba bakabimenya gusa nyuma y’uko uwakoze irage apfuye. (4) The original will and the register are kept confidential and only be made accessible to those involved in the will after the testator’s death. (4) Le testament original et le registre sont confidentiels et les personnes concernées n’en prennent connaissance qu’après la mort du testateur.
  167. 367

    Ivugururwa ry’irage

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    AI-assisted research summary: A will can be amended through multiple testamentary documents, and if they conflict, the most recently drawn up will prevails.

    Ingingo ya 367: Ivugururwa ry’irage Article 367: Amendment of a will Article 367: Révision du testament Ingingo ya 367: Ivugururwa ry’irage Article 367: Amendment of a will Article 367: Révision du testament (1) Irage rishobora kuvugururwa rigakorwa mu nyandiko z’irage nyinshi kandi zikubahirizwa icyarimwe mu buryo bwose bushobotse. (1) A will may be amended and recorded under testamentary provisions found in several wills which are, to the extent practicable, executed jointly. (2) Iyo ibiteganywa n’inyandiko z’irage ebyiri cyangwa nyinshi bivuguruzanya, hubahirizwa ibikubiye mu irage riherutse gukorwa. (2) If the provisions of two or more wills are inconsistent with one another, those contained in the most recently drawn up will prevail.
  168. 368

    Gutangaza irage

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    AI-assisted research summary: The head of the family must set the date for disclosing the will to the heirs within 90 days after the testator’s death.

    Ingingo ya 368: Gutangaza irage Article 368: Disclosure of a will Article 368: Révélation du contenu du testament Ingingo ya 368: Gutangaza irage Article 368: Disclosure of a will rw’uwaraze, agena (1) Mu gihe kitarenze iminsi 90 nyuma umukuru y’urupfu irage w’umuryango rizatangarizwa ba nyakwigendera. Kuri uwo munsi irage inama ritangarijweho, hanashyirwaho ishinzwe iby’izungura. Umuntu ubifitemo iryo inyungu umunsi abazungura kwitabira ashobora (1) Within 90 days from the testator’s death, the head of the family sets the date for the disclosure of the will to the heirs of the deceased. On that date, there is established a succession council. An interested person may attend the disclosing session. 276 de (1) Le testament peut être révisé et présenté sous testamentaires dispositions forme contenues dans plusieurs testaments qui sont exécutés, dans la mesure du possible, conjointement. (2) Lorsque les dispositions de deux ou plusieurs testaments se contredisent, la préférence est donnée aux dispositions contenues dans le testament le plus récent. Article 368: Révélation du contenu du testament (1) Endéans 90 jours après le décès du testateur, le chef de famille détermine la date de la révélation du contenu du testament aux héritiers du défunt. Ὰ cette date, il est créé un conseil successoral. Une personne intéressée peut participer à cette séance de révélation. Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 tangazwa. (2) Iyo igihe giteganyijwe mu gika cya (1) cy’iyi ngingo kirenze irage ridatangajwe, inyungu ashobora umuntu ubifitemo kuregera urukiko rubifitiye ububasha nyakwigendera rw’aho atuye rw’aho yabaga asaba ko cyangwa rutegeka itangazwa ry’irage. yari (2) After the period provided in paragraph (1) of this Article, if the will is not disclosed, an interested person may file a claim to the competent court of the deceased’s place of domicile or residence to order disclosure of the will. (2) Passé le délai prévue dans le paragraphe (1) de cet article, lorsque le testament n’a pas été révélé, une personne intéressée peut intenter une juridiction compétente du lieu du domicile ou de la résidence du défunt pour qu’elle autorise la révélation du testament. devant action une
  169. 369

    Kugena mu

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    AI-assisted research summary: A testator may appoint one or more executors in a will to liquidate the estate.

    Ingingo ya 369: Kugena mu uwegeranya umutungo uzungurwa irage Article 369: Appointment of an executor in a will Article 369: Désignation de testamentaire dans un testament l’exécuteur Ingingo ya 369: Kugena mu uwegeranya umutungo uzungurwa irage Article 369: Appointment of an executor in a will Article 369: Désignation de testamentaire dans un testament l’exécuteur (1) Uraga ashobora gushyira mu irage umuntu umwe cyangwa benshi bashinzwe kwegeranya umutungo uzungurwa. (1) The testator may appoint in his or her will one or several testamentary executors responsible for liquidating the estate. (1) Le testateur peut désigner dans son testament un ou plusieurs exécuteurs la d’assurer chargés testamentaires liquidation du patrimoine successoral. (2) Iyo nyakwigendera atagennye uwegeranya bikorwa hakurikijwe ibiteganywa n’iri tegeko. umutungo, (2) If the testator has not appointed the executor, he or she is appointed in accordance with provisions of this law. (2) Lorsque le testateur n’a pas désigné l’exécuteur testamentaire, il est désigné suivant les dispositions de la présente loi.
  170. 370

    Itegeko rikurikizwa ku irage

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    AI-assisted research summary: A will made by a Rwandan living outside Rwanda, where the estate is in Rwanda, follows the law of the country where it is made for form, but the person may also use Rwandan formal requirements; Rwandan law applies to substance and effects.

    Ingingo ya 370: Itegeko rikurikizwa ku irage rikozwe n’Umunyarwanda uba mu mahanga igihe umutungo uzungurwa uri mu Rwanda Article 370: Law applicable to the will made by a Rwandan residing outside Rwanda when the estate is in Rwanda Article 370: Loi applicable au testament établi par un Rwandais résidant à l’étranger lorsque le patrimoine successoral se trouve au Rwanda Ingingo n’umunyamahanga uba mu Rwanda Irage 371: ya rikozwe Article foreigner residing in Rwanda 371: Will made by a Ingingo ya 370: Itegeko rikurikizwa ku irage rikozwe n’Umunyarwanda uba mu mahanga igihe umutungo uzungurwa uri mu Rwanda Article 370: Law applicable to the will made by a Rwandan residing outside Rwanda when the estate is in Rwanda Article 370: Loi applicable au testament établi par un Rwandais résidant à l’étranger lorsque le patrimoine successoral se trouve au Rwanda Irage rikozwe n’Umunyarwanda uba mu mahanga igihe umutungo uzungurwa uri mu Rwanda rigengwa na – A will made by a Rwandan residing outside Rwanda when the estate is in Rwanda is governed by – Le testament établi par un Rwandais résidant à l’étranger lorsque le patrimoine successoral se trouve au Rwanda est régi par – (a) itegeko ry’igihugu ryakorewemo ku (a) the law of the country in which it is made, as (a) la loi du lieu où il est établi, quant à la forme. 277 byerekeranye n’uko riteye. Icyakora, Umunyarwanda no guhitamo buteganywa n’itegeko ry’u Rwanda; ashobora uburyo Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 to the form. However, a Rwandan may also choose to comply with the forms laid down by the law of Rwanda; and Toutefois, un Rwandais peut également décider de suivre la forme prévue par la législation rwandaise; et (b) n’itegeko ry’u Rwanda ku byerekeye (b) the Rwandan law, as to the substance and its (b) la législation rwandaise, quant au fond et à icyo rivuga n’inkurikizi zaryo. effects. ses effets. Ingingo n’umunyamahanga uba mu Rwanda Irage 371: ya rikozwe
  171. 371

    Testament établi par un étranger

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    AI-assisted research summary: A will made by a foreigner residing in Rwanda is governed by the law of the country where it is made for form, and by the law of the country of origin for substance and effects.

    Article 371: Testament établi par un étranger résidant au Rwanda 48 Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 Ivanwaho ry’irage Article 371: Will made by a foreigner residing in Rwanda Article 371: Testament établi par un étranger résidant au Rwanda Irage rikozwe n’umunyamahanga uba mu Rwanda rigengwa na – A will made by a foreigner residing in Rwanda is governed by – Le testament établi par un étranger résidant au Rwanda est régi par – (a) itegeko ry’igihugu ryakorewemo ku byerekeranye n’uko riteye. Icyakora, umunyamahanga ukoreye irage mu Rwanda ashobora guhitamo uburyo ry’igihugu buteganywa n’itegeko akomokamo; (b) n’itegeko ry’igihugu akomokamo ku byerekeye icyo rivuga n’inkurikizi zaryo. (a) the law of the country in which it is made, as to the form. However, a foreigner who makes his or her will in Rwanda may choose to comply with the form provided by the law of his or her country of origin; and (a) la loi du lieu où il est établi, quant à la forme. Toutefois, un étranger qui établit un testament au Rwanda peut choisir la forme prévue par la législation de son pays d’origine; (b) the law of his or her country of origin, as to the (b) la législation de son pays d’origine quant substance and its effects. au fond et à ses effets.
  172. 372

    Revocation of a will and its

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    AI-assisted research summary: A court may revoke a will in whole or in part if an interested party requests it and the will was made by force, fraud, or contrary to the Law.

    Article 372: Revocation of a will and its effects Article 372: Révocation du testament et ses effets Ingingo n’inkurikizi zaryo ya 372: Akiciro ka 2: Izungura rikozwe nta rage Subsection 2: Intestate succession Sous-section 2: Succession sans testament Ingingo ya 372: n’inkurikizi zaryo Ivanwaho ry’irage Article 372: Revocation of a will and its effects Article 372: Révocation du testament et ses effets (1) Irage rishobora kuvanwaho ryose cyangwa igice cyaryo n’urukiko bisabwe n’umuntu ubifitemo inyungu mu gihe ryakoranywe ryakozwe ku gahato, (1) A will may be revoked in whole or in part by the court upon request by the interested party when it is the result of force, fraud or does not conform to the provisions of this Law. (1) Un testament peut être révoqué en tout ou en partie par la juridiction à la demande d’une partie intéressée au cas où ce testament est obtenu par force, par dol ou lorsqu’il n’est 278 Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 cyangwa uburiganya ibiteganywa n’iri tegeko. ritubahirije (2) Ivanwaho ry’irage cyangwa igice cyaryo ritesha agaciro irage ryose cyangwa igice cyaryo. (2) Revocation of a will in part automatically entails annulment of a will in whole or in part. in whole or pas conforme aux dispositions de la présente loi. (2) La révocation du testament en tout ou en partie l’annule en tout ou en partie de plein droit. (3) Izungura ry’umutungo wa nyakwigendera rikorwa hakurikijwe ibiteganywa n’iri tegeko iyo nta rindi rage ryigeze rikorwa. (3) If there was no other will made, the succession of the deceased is conducted in accordance with provisions of this Law. (3) Lorsqu’il n’y a pas l’autre testament établi, la succession du défunt se fait conformément aux dispositions de la présente loi. Akiciro ka 2: Izungura rikozwe nta rage Subsection 2: Intestate succession Sous-section 2: Succession sans testament
  173. 373

    Igihe habaho izungura

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    AI-assisted research summary: If a deceased person leaves no will, the succession is intestate and is handled under this law.

    Ingingo ya 373: Igihe habaho izungura rikozwe nta rage Article 373: Circumstance of succession intestate Article 373: Circonstance de la succession sans testament Ingingo ya 373: Igihe habaho izungura rikozwe nta rage Article 373: Circumstance of succession intestate Article 373: Circonstance de la succession sans testament Izungura rikozwe nta rage rikorwa iyo nyakwigendera amerekezo y’umutungo we nyuma y’urupfu rwe. Iryo zungura rikorwa hakurikijwe iri tegeko. atagaragaje Intestate succession is a succession opened if the deceased person has not made a will. The Intestate succession is conducted in accordance with provisions of this law. La succession sans testament se fait si le défunt n’a pas laissé un testament. La succession sans testament se fait conformément à la présente loi.
  174. 374

    Urutonde rw’abazungura

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    AI-assisted research summary: Heirs inherit in a fixed order, starting with the deceased’s children and moving through parents, siblings, grandparents, then uncles and aunts.

    Ingingo ya 374: Urutonde rw’abazungura bahoraho ya Ingingo Uburenganzira 375: bw’uwapfakaye ku izungura ry’uwo bari barashyingiranywe Article 374: Order of regular heirs Article 374: Ordre des héritiers réguliers Ingingo ya 374: Urutonde rw’abazungura bahoraho Article 374: Order of regular heirs Article 374: Ordre des héritiers réguliers (1) Mu izungura hakurikizwa urutonde (1) Heirs are entitled to inherit in the following (1) Les héritiers viennent à la succession dans rukurikira: order: l’ordre suivant: (a) abana ba nyakwigendera; (a) children of the deceased; (a) les enfants du défunt; (b) se na nyina ba nyakwigendera; (b) father and mother of the deceased; (b) le père et la mère du défunt; 279 Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 (c) abavandimwe ba nyakwigendera (c) full-blood brothers and sisters of the (c) les frères et sœurs germains du défunt; basangiye ababyeyi bombi; deceased; (d) abavandimwe ba nyakwigendera (d) half-brothers and half-sisters of the (d) les demi-frères et demi-sœurs du défunt; basangiye umubyeyi umwe; deceased; (e) ba sekuru nyakwigendera; na nyirakuru ba (e) grandparents of the deceased; (e) les grands-parents du défunt; (f) ba se wabo, ba nyirasenge, ba nyirarume na ba nyina wabo ba nyakwigendera. (f) paternal and maternal uncles and aunts of (f) les oncles et tantes paternels et maternels the deceased. du défunt. (2) Buri rwego rw’abazungura ruzitira urundi (2) Each category of successors excludes others in (2) Chaque rang des héritiers exclut les autres mu rutonde rw’izungura. the order of succession. dans l’ordre de la succession. (3) Abana ba nyakwigendera basangiye ababyeyi bombi bazungura mu gisekuru cya se n’icya nyina n’aho abana bahuje umubyeyi umwe gusa bazungura mu gisekuru cy’umubyeyi wabo gusa. (3) Full-blood children of the deceased inherit from both the paternal and maternal sides, while consanguineous and uterine children inherit only from the side of the parent to whom they are related. (3) Les enfants germains du défunt succèdent dans la ligne paternelle et maternelle, les enfants utérins ou consanguins succèdent dans la ligne du parent à qui ils succèdent. ya Uburenganzira 375: Ingingo bw’uwapfakaye ku izungura ry’uwo bari barashyingiranywe
  175. 375

    Right of the surviving spouse to

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    AI-assisted research summary: The surviving spouse has rights in the deceased spouse’s succession, including a pre-emptive right to receive the family house and equipment in a partition.

    Article 375: Right of the surviving spouse to the succession of the deceased spouse Article 375: Droit de l’époux survivant à la succession de l’époux décédé Article 375: Right of the surviving spouse to the succession of the deceased spouse Article 375: Droit de l’époux survivant à la succession de l’époux décédé tegeko, (1) Haseguriwe ibiteganywa n’ingingo ya 374 y’iri afite uburenganzira bwo kugira uruhare mu izungura uzungurwa ry’umutungo wasizwe n’uwo bari barashyingiranywe. uwapfakaye (1) Subject to provisions of Article 374 of this Law, the surviving spouse is entitled to take part in succession of the deceased spouse’s estate. (1) Sous réserve des disposions de l’article 374 de la présente loi, l’époux survivant a le droit de participer à la succession du conjoint décédé. 280 (2) Uwapfakaye wemerewe azungurana mu n’abazungura bo ku rwego rwa mbere. buryo kuzungura, bungana Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 (2) The surviving spouse entitled to the succession succeeds in equal shares to the same extent as the heirs of the first category. (2) L’époux survivant droit à la succession, succède à parts égales au même titre que les héritiers du premier ordre. ayant (3) Iyo nta bazungura bo ku rwego rwa mbere bahari, azungurana n’abazungura bo ku rwego rwa kabiri. Iyo na bo badahari, azungurana n’abo ku rwego rwa gatatu, bityo bityo. (3) If there are no heirs of the first category, he or she has the same right of succession as heirs in the second category and in the absence of heirs of the second category, he or she co-inherits with those of the third category, and so forth. (3) Lorsqu’il n’y a aucun héritier du premier ordre, il a le même droit de succession que les héritiers du second ordre, lorsque les héritiers du second ordre ne sont pas là, il cohérite avec ceux du troisième ordre, ainsi de suite. n’uwo n’ibiyirimo. (4) Iyo habaye igabana, uwapfakaye ni we inzu uhabwa mu mugabane we, bari yabanagamo barashyingiranywe Iyo agaciro kayo n’ak’ibiyirimo karenze umugabane we, ariko agatanga Icyakora, inshumbushanyo. uwapfakaye ashobora kudahitamo inzu bari yabanagamo barashyingiranywe n’ibiyirimo. arayigumana n’uwo (4) In case of partition, the surviving spouse is granted the pre-emptive right to receive the family house and equipment therein as part of his or her portion. If the value of the house and equipment therein exceed his or her portion, the surviving spouse retains ownership of the house provided that he or she pays the compensation. However, the surviving spouse may decline the right of pre-emptive right to receive the family house and the equipment therein. (4) En de cas partage, l’époux survivant bénéficie du droit de préemption pour recevoir dans sa part la maison conjugale et l’équipement qui s’y trouve. Lorsque la valeur de la maison et celle de l’équipement qui s’y trouve dépassent sa part, l’époux survivant demeure propriétaire de la maison à condition qu’il paie la soulte. Cependant, l’époux survivant peut décliner le droit de préemption sur la maison familiale et l’équipement qui s’y trouve.
  176. 376

    Guhagararirwa mu izungura

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    AI-assisted research summary: Descendants of a person who died before the deceased inherit the share that their parent would have received, except for the father, mother, grandfather, and grandmother of the deceased.

    Ingingo ya 376: Guhagararirwa mu izungura Article 376: Representation in succession Article 376: Représentation à la succession Ingingo ya 376: Guhagararirwa mu izungura Article 376: Representation in succession Article 376: Représentation à la succession Uretse se na nyina, sekuru na nyirakuru ba nyakwigendera, iyo abazungura b’uwapfuye bapfuye mbere ye, bahagararirwa mu izungura bazungura n’ababakomokaho umugabane wagombaga kuzungurwa n’uwo bakomokaho. Ku bakomoka ku wapfuye, Apart from the father and mother, grandfather and grandmother of the deceased, the heirs who predecease him or her are represented in succession by their descendants and receive the share which would be inherited by their ascendant. among direct is unlimited Representation Hormis le père et la mère, le grand-père et la grand-mère du défunt, les héritiers décédés avant le défunt, sont représentés à la succession par leurs descendants et reçoivent la part qui revenait à leur ascendant. La représentation a lieu à l’infini dans la ligne directe descendante 281 Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 guhagararirwa ntikugira aho kurangirira kandi igabana rikorwa hakurikijwe igisekuru. descendants and the partition is done in the order of the generation. et le partage s’opère par souche.
  177. 377

    Uburyo izungura rikorwa ku

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    AI-assisted research summary: This article sets how spouses married under the community of property regime inherit when one or both spouses die.

    Ingingo ya 377: Uburyo izungura rikorwa ku bashyingiranywe uburyo bw’ivangamutungo rusange bahisemo Article 377: Succession modalities of spouses married under the community of property regime Article 377: Modalités de succession pour les époux mariés sous la le communauté universelle régime de Ingingo ya 377: Uburyo izungura rikorwa ku bashyingiranywe bahisemo uburyo bw’ivangamutungo rusange Article 377: Succession modalities of spouses married under the community of property regime uburyo Abashyingiranywe bw’ivangamutungo rusange bazungurwa mu buryo bukurikira: bahisemo the Succession of spouses married under community of property regime is done as follows: (a) iyo umwe apfuye, uwapfakaye asigarana umutungo wose akubahiriza inshingano yo kurera abana babo, aba nyakwigendera bemewe gufasha ababyeyi ba nyakwigendera iyo bikenewe. Icyakora, mu nyungu z’abazungura, ntashobora kwikuraho umutungo ngo arenze 1/2 cy’umutungo wose; n’amategeko no (b) iyo bombi bapfuye basize abana, umutungo wose uzungurwa n’abana bose ba banyakwigendera basize. Iyo hari umutungo abana ugabanywamo buri mwana akazungura umubyeyi we; badahuriyeho, kabiri, the (a) if one of the spouses dies, the surviving spouse ensures the entire the administration of property and fulfils the duty to cater for their children, the deceased and provides assistance to the needy parents of the deceased. However, for the best interest of the heirs, the surviving spouse cannot dispose of more than 1/2 of the property; legitimate children of (b) if both spouses die leaving children, the children inherit the entire property of their deceased parents. If there are children who were not born to both spouses, the property is divided into two equal parts, each child succeeds his or her parent; Article 377: Modalités de succession pour les la le époux mariés sous communauté universelle régime de La succession des époux mariés sous le régime de la communauté universelle s’effectue comme suit: (a) en cas de décès de l’un des époux, le conjoint survivant assure l’administration de la totalité du patrimoine et s’engage à accomplir le devoir d’élever leurs enfants, les enfants légitimes du défunt et d’assister les parents nécessiteux du défunt. Toutefois, pour l’intérêt des héritiers, le conjoint survivant ne peut disposer de plus de la 1/2 du patrimoine; (b) lorsque les deux époux décèdent en laissant des enfants, ceux-ci succèdent la totalité du patrimoine de leurs parents décédés. Lorsqu’il existe des enfants non communs, le patrimoine deux parties égales, chaque enfant succède à son parent; divisé est en (c) iyo bombi bapfuye badasize abana, umutungo ugabanywamo kabiri, 1/2 abazungura kigahabwa cy’umutungo (c) if both spouses die leaving no children, the property is divided into two equal parts, 1/2 is allocated to the heirs of the husband and the 282 (c) lorsque les deux époux décèdent sans laisser d’enfants, le patrimoine est divisé en deux parties égales et la moitié est allouée Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 b’umugabo ikindi kigahabwa abazungura b’umugore; other is allocated to the heirs of the wife; aux héritiers du mari et l’autre à ceux de la femme; (d) iyo uwapfakaye nta mwana afitanye na nyakwigendera akongera gushyingirwa afata 1/2 cy’umutungo nk’uburenganzira akura ku buryo bw’ivangamutungo akakizungurana rusange, n’abazungura bandi ba nyakwigendera. Iyo atongeye gushyingirwa yegukana umutungo wose akawurereramo abana nyakwigendera yemeye ku bushake cyangwa yemejwe n’amategeko, iyo bahari; ikindi (d) if the surviving spouse has no children with the deceased and remarries, he or she has the right to receive 1/2 of the property by virtue of the community of property regime and co- inherits the other 1/2 with the heirs of the deceased. If the surviving spouse does not re- marry, he or she is entitled to the whole property which enables him or her to raise judicially voluntarily children acknowledged by the deceased, if any; or (d) lorsque l’époux survivant n’a pas d’enfants communs avec le défunt et se remarie, il lui est attribué la 1/2 du patrimoine en vertu du régime de la communauté universelle et cohérite l’autre moitié avec les héritiers du défunt. Lorsque l’époux survivant ne se remarie pas, il obtient tout le patrimoine qui lui enfants d’élever volontairement ou judiciairement reconnus par le défunt, le cas échéant; permet les yari abana rirafungurwa, (e) iyo uwapfakaye yongeye gushyingirwa kandi na afitanye nyakwigendera cyangwa hari abo yari yaremeye cyangwa yaremejwe ku buryo izungura rya bwemewe n’amategeko, nyakwigendera 1/2 cy’umutungo kikegukanwa n’uwapfakaye buryo nk’uburenganzira ikindi bw’ivangamutungo akakizungurana bose nyakwigendera asize ku buryo bungana. icyo gihe, umutungo w’abana Muri ugaragazwa mu nyandiko mpamo n’uburyo uzacungwa; ku rusange, n’abana akura or voluntarily (e) if the surviving spouse re-marries when he or she has children with the deceased or there are children judicially acknowledged by the deceased, succession is opened in the way that the surviving spouse receives 1/2 of the property by virtue of the matrimonial regime and inherits the remaining 1/2 on an equal portions with all children left by the deceased. In this case, an authentic deed of the portion of children is drawn up and provides the way in which it will be managed; des enfants volontairement (e) lorsque l’époux survivant se remarie alors qu’il existe des enfants qu’il a avec le défunt ou ou judiciairement reconnus par le défunt, la succession est ouverte de telle sorte qu’il se voit attribuer la 1/2 du patrimoine en vertu du régime matrimonial et de partager la 1/2 restante de l’héritage à parts égales avec tous les enfants laissés par le défunt. Dans ce cas, il est établi un acte authentique des parts revenant aux enfants et la façon dont elles seront gérées; (f) iyo uwapfakaye ataye inshingano zo kurera abana bose cyangwa bamwe mu bo (f) if the surviving spouse fails to fulfil his or her obligations to ensure the custody of some or all (f) lorsque l’époux survivant ne remplit pas ses obligations d’assurer la garde d’une partie 283 Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 nyakwigendera asize, bisabwe n’umuntu ubifitemo inyungu mu nyungu z’abana, urukiko rubifitiye ububasha rutegeka ko izungura rifunguka. Icyo kirego gitangwa mu buryo bw’inyandiko nsobanurakirego itanzwe n’umuburanyi umwe. of the children left by the deceased, upon request of an interested person in the best interest of the children, the competent court orders the opening of the succession. The claim is filed in the form of unilateral request. ou de l’ensemble des enfants laissés par le la demande d’une personne défunt, à intéressée dans l’intérêt supérieur des enfants, la juridiction compétente ordonne l’ouverture de la succession. L’action est introduite sous forme de requête unilatérale.
  178. 378

    Uburyo izungura rikorwa ku

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    AI-assisted research summary: For spouses married under the limited community of property regime, succession is handled using community-property rules for common assets and separation-of-property rules for each spouse’s own assets.

    Ingingo ya 378: Uburyo izungura rikorwa ku bashyingiranywe uburyo bw’ivangamutungo w’umuhahano bahisemo Article 378: Succession modalities for spouses married under the limited community of property regime Article 378: Modalités de succession pour les époux mariés la communauté réduite aux acquêts le régime de sous Ingingo ya 378: Uburyo izungura rikorwa ku bashyingiranywe bahisemo uburyo bw’ivangamutungo w’umuhahano Article 378: Succession modalities for spouses limited community of married under the property regime Article 378: Modalités de succession pour les la époux mariés communauté réduite aux acquêts le régime de sous uburyo Ku bashyingiranywe bahisemo uburyo bw’ivangamutungo w’umuhahano, izungura rikurikiza mu ivangamutungo ku mutungo rusange w’umuhahano n’uburyo bukoreshwa ku ivanguramutungo risesuye ku mutungo wa buri wese hakurikijwe ibiteganywa n’iri tegeko. bukoreshwa the the spouses married under limited For community of property regime, the succession modalities for community of property regime apply to their common property and modalities applicable to separation of property, for the property of each of them in accordance with the provisions of this Law. Pour les époux mariés sous le régime de la communauté réduite aux acquêts, la succession se fait suivant les modalités relatives au régime de la communauté universelle pour les acquêts et aux modalités applicables au régime de la séparation des biens pour le patrimoine de chacun d’eux conformément aux dispositions de la présente loi.
  179. 379

    Uburyo izungura rikorwa

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    AI-assisted research summary: If a spouse dies under separation of property, the surviving spouse keeps their own property and the deceased spouse’s property passes to the heirs; if there are no children, the widow or widower and other heirs inherit equally.

    Ingingo ya 379: Uburyo izungura rikorwa mu gihe cy’ivanguramutungo risesuye Article 379: Succession modalities for spouses married under the separation of property regime Article 379: Modalités de succession pour les époux mariés sous le régime de séparation de biens 49 Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 Ingingo ya 379: Uburyo izungura rikorwa mu gihe cy’ivanguramutungo risesuye Article 379: Succession modalities for spouses married under the separation of property regime Article 379: Modalités de succession pour les époux mariés sous le régime de séparation de biens (1) Haseguriwe ibiteganywa n’ingingo ya 375 y’iri tegeko, abashyingiranywe bahisemo uburyo bw’ivanguramutungo risesuye, iyo umwe apfuye, usigaye agumana umutungo we bwite naho umutungo wa nyakwigendera ukazungurwa n’abana ba nyakwigendera. (1) Subject to provisions of Article 375 of this Law, when one of the spouses married under the separation of property regime dies, the surviving spouse retains ownership on his or her own property, while the property of the deceased is inherited by his or her heirs. (1) Sous réserve des dispositions de l’article 375 de la présente loi, lorsque l’un des époux mariés sous le régime de la séparation des biens décède, l’époux survivant a droit à son patrimoine propre alors que le patrimoine du défunt est hérité par ses héritiers. 284 (2) Iyo nyakwigendera nta bana asize, uwapfakaye n’abandi bazungura umutungo nyakwigendera asize ku buryo bungana. azungurana
  180. 380

    Imicungire y’umutungo wa

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    AI-assisted research summary: If spouses were under separation of property and the deceased leaves minor children, the surviving spouse must manage the inherited property until the children reach majority, with some property and custody-related rights continuing only under stated conditions.

    Ingingo ya 380: Imicungire y’umutungo wa nyakwigendera bashyingiranywe ku bahisemo uburyo bw’ivanguramutungo risesuye iyo abana batarageza ku myaka y’ubukure Article 380: Administration of the property of the deceased under the separation of property regime when children have not attained the age of majority Article 380: Administration du patrimoine du défunt sous régime de la séparation des biens au cas où les enfants n’ont pas atteint l’âge de la majorité Ingingo ya 380: Imicungire y’umutungo wa nyakwigendera bashyingiranywe ku bahisemo uburyo bw’ivanguramutungo risesuye iyo abana batarageza ku myaka y’ubukure risesuye, (1) Ku bashyingiranywe bahisemo uburyo bw’ivanguramutungo iyo nyakwigendera asize abana batarageza ku myaka y’ubukure, uwapfakaye acunga umutungo abo bana bazunguye kugeza igihe abana bemewe n’amategeko bageze ku myaka y’ubukure. Icyakora, bisabwe n’umuntu ubifitemo inama inyungu, ishobora kugena undi y’umuryango muntu ucunga umutungo wazunguwe n’abana ba nyakwigendera atabyaranye n’uwapfakaye. (2) Iyo uwapfakaye atubahirije inshingano zo gucunga umutungo w’abana, umuntu ubifitemo aregera urukiko rubifitiye ububasha arusaba kumwambura uburenganzira bwo gucunga umutungo kugena yasize nyakwigendera inyungu no Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 (2) If the deceased has no child, the surviving the spouse co-succeeds the property of deceased with other heirs of the deceased. (2) lorsque le défunt n’a pas d’enfant, l’époux survivant succède avec les autres héritiers du défunt le patrimoine laissé par le défunt. Article 380: Administration of the property of the deceased under the separation of property regime when children have not attained the age of majority Article 380: Administration du patrimoine du défunt sous régime de la séparation des biens au cas où les enfants n’ont pas atteint l’âge de la majorité the deceased (1) For spouses married under the separation of property regime, leaves if children who have not attained the age of majority, the surviving spouse continues to ensure the administration of the entire property of the deceased inherited by those children until all legitimate children attain the age of majority and acquire ownership of the property of their deceased parent. However, upon request by an interested person, the family council may appoint another administrator of the property inherited by the children of the deceased who are not born from the surviving spouse. (1) Pour les époux mariés sous le régime de la séparation des biens, lorsque le défunt laisse les enfants qui n’ont pas atteint l’âge de la majorité, l’époux survivant continue à administrer tout le patrimoine du défunt hérité par ces enfants jusqu’à ce que tous les enfants légitimes atteignent l’âge de la majorité et acquièrent le patrimoine de leur parent décédé. Cependant, à la demande de toute personne intéressée, le conseil de famille peut nommer un autre administrateur du patrimoine hérité par les enfants du défunt qui ne sont pas nés de l’époux survivant. (2) In case the surviving spouse does not comply with the obligation of property administration, an interested person files a claim to the competent court to debar him or her from administering the property of the deceased and designate a guardian who caters for the (2) Dans le cas où il ne remplit pas ses obligations d’administrer le patrimoine, une personne intente une action devant une juridiction compétente pour la déchéance d’administration du patrimoine du défunt et de désigner le tuteur qui assure intéressée 285 Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 ushinzwe kurera abana no kubacungira umutungo kugeza igihe bagiriye imyaka y’ubukure. children and administers their property until they attain the age of majority. (3) Uwapfakaye, n’uwo n’ibiyirimo iyo abishaka ashobora gukomeza kuba mu nzu y’umuryango bari yabanagamo barashyingiranywe igihe cyose agifite abana arera bemewe n’amategeko yasize. Ubwo burenganzira arabugumana igihe atongeye gushyingirwa kandi abana batarageza ku myaka y’ubukure. nyakwigendera (3) The surviving spouse may continue to live in the family house and uses all the equipment therein as long as he or she still has the custody on the legitimate children of the deceased. He or she continues to enjoy those rights if he or she does not get married and children have not attained the majority age. la garde des enfants et l’administration de leur patrimoine jusqu’à ce qu’ils atteignent l’âge de la majorité. (3) L’époux survivant peut continuer de vivre dans la maison conjugale où il vivait avec l’autre époux et d’utiliser tout l’équipement qui s’y trouve aussi longtemps qu’il assure la garde des enfants légitimes du défunt. L'époux survivant continue de jouir de ce droit s'il ne se marie pas et que les enfants du défunt n'ont pas atteint l'âge de la majorité.
  181. 381

    Uburyo izungura rikorwa ku

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    AI-assisted research summary: For spouses married under the stated agreement, succession follows the terms of their agreement.

    Ingingo ya 381: Uburyo izungura rikorwa ku imicungire bashyingiranywe y’umutungo w’abashyingiranywe ishingiye ku masezerano ategurwa n’abashaka gushyingiranwa bahisemo Article 381: Succession modalities for spouses married under the agreement drawn up by the intending spouses’ regime Article 381: Modalités de succession pour les époux mariés sous le régime d’un accord établit par les futurs époux Akiciro ka 3: Izungura ridafite nyiraryo Subsection 3: Unclaimed succession Sous-section 3: Succession en déshérence Ingingo ya 381: Uburyo izungura rikorwa ku bashyingiranywe bahisemo imicungire y’umutungo w’abashyingiranywe ishingiye ku masezerano ategurwa n’abashaka gushyingiranwa Article 381: Succession modalities for spouses married under the agreement drawn up by the intending spouses regime Article 381: Modalités de succession pour les époux mariés sous le régime d’un accord établit par les futurs époux bahisemo uburyo Abashyingiranywe bw’imicungire y’umutungo w’abashyingiranywe ishingiye ku masezerano gushyingiranwa, ategurwa izungura rishingira ku buryo bagennye mu masezerano yabo. n’abashaka For spouses married under the agreement drawn up by the intending spouses regime, the succession is opened in accordance with terms of their agreement. Pour les époux mariés sous le régime d’un accord établit par les futurs époux, la succession se fait suivant les modalités prévues par leur accord. Akiciro ka 3: Izungura ridafite nyiraryo Subsection 3: Unclaimed succession Sous-section 3: Succession en déshérence
  182. 382

    Igihe izungura ryitwa ko

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    AI-assisted research summary: A succession is treated as unclaimed if there is no heir or if the heirs renounce their right to inherit.

    Ingingo ya 382: Igihe izungura ryitwa ko ridafite nyiraryo Article 382: Circumstance of unclaimed succession Article 382: Circonstance d’une succession en déshérence Ingingo ya 382: Igihe izungura ryitwa ko ridafite nyiraryo Article 382: Circumstance of unclaimed succession Article 382: Circonstance d’une succession en déshérence Izungura ryitwa ko ridafite nyiraryo iyo nta The succession is said to be unclaimed when there Une succession est dite en déshérence lorsqu’il 286 Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 muzungura cyangwa iyo abazungura banze uburenganzira bwabo bwo kuzungura. is no heir or heirs renounce to their right of succession. n’y a aucun héritier ou lorsque les héritiers renoncent à leur droit de succession.
  183. 383

    Inshingano za Leta mu gihe

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    AI-assisted research summary: If a succession has no heir, the estate goes to the State.

    Ingingo ya 383: Inshingano za Leta mu gihe izungura ridafite nyiraryo Article 383: Obligation of the State in case of unclaimed succession Article 383: Obligation de l’État en cas d’une succession en déshérence Ingingo ya 383: Inshingano za Leta mu gihe izungura ridafite nyiraryo Article 383: Obligation of the State in case of unclaimed succession Article 383: Obligation de l’État en cas d’une succession en déshérence (1) Mu gihe izungura ridafite nyiraryo (1) In case of unclaimed succession, the estate umutungo uzungurwa wegurirwa Leta. is vested in the State. (2) Leta igomba kurangiza inshingano za agaciro wagombaga hakurikijwe yakiriye nyakwigendera k’umutungo kuzungurwa. (2) The State must execute the obligation of the deceased up to the value of the estate received. (1) En cas de succession en déshérence, le patrimoine successoral est dévolu à l’État. (2) L’État est l’exécution des jusqu’à défunt obligations concurrence de la valeur du patrimoine successoral reçu. tenu à du
  184. 384

    Uburyo izungura ridafite

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    AI-assisted research summary: This article sets out how unclaimed succession is declared, posted, and later vested in the State, and allows an heir to reclaim or inherit if they appear in time.

    Ingingo ya 384: Uburyo izungura ridafite nyiraryo rikorwa Article 384: Procedure in case of unclaimed succession Article 384: Procédure de succession en déshérence Icyiciro cya 4: Iyegeranya n’igabanya ry’umutungo uzungurwa Section 4: Liquidation and partition of the estate Section 4: Liquidation et partage du patrimoine successoral Akiciro ka mbere: Kwegeranya umutungo uzungurwa bikozwe n’inama ishinzwe iby’izungura Ingingo ya 384: Uburyo izungura ridafite nyiraryo rikorwa Article 384: Procedure in case of unclaimed succession Article 384: Procédure de succession en déshérence Izungura ridafite nyiraryo rikorwa mu buryo bukurikira: The succession in case of unclaimed succession is conducted as follows: La succession en déshérence est conduite de façon suivante: (a) urukiko rubifitiye ububasha cyangwa ifitiye izungura bisabwe Komite y’Abunzi ku byo ububasha byemeza ko ridafite n’Umunyamabanga w’Umurenge Nshingwabikorwa w’aho rigomba kubera izungura cyangwa w’aho umutungo uzungurwa uri; nyiraryo, (a) the competent court or the Abunzi Committee their competence, for what falls within declares unclaimed succession following the claim of the Executive Secretary of the Sector where succession is expected to take place or where the estate is located; (a) la juridiction compétente ou le Comité d’Abunzi pour les questions qui relèvent de leur compétence, déclare la déshérence de la succession à la requête du Secrétaire Exécutif du Secteur du lieu de l’ouverture de la succession ou du lieu de la situation du patrimoine successoral; 287 (b) mu gihe kitarenze ukwezi kumwe, urukiko rubifitiye ububasha cyangwa Komite y’Abunzi ku byo ifitiye ububasha bigomba byaregewe kwemeza by’agateganyo ko izungura ridafite nyiraryo. Muri icyo gihe, umutungo ucungwa uzungurwa hakurikijwe ibiteganywa n’amategeko abigenga; (c) icyemezo cy’agateganyo cyemeza izungura ridafite nyiraryo kimanikwa ku biro by’Umurenge w’aho izungura rigomba kubera cyangwa w’aho umutungo uzungurwa uri; (d) nyuma y’imyaka itatu, ku mutungo wimukanwa n’imyaka itanu ku mutungo utimukanwa uhereye igihe hemejwe by’agateganyo izungura ridafite nyiraryo, urukiko rubifitiye ububasha cyangwa Komite y’Abunzi ifitiye ububasha bisabwe ku byo gucunga n’urwego imitungo beneyo, bitangaza ku buryo budasubirwaho ko izungura ridafite nyiraryo, umutungo uzungurwa ugahita wegurirwa Leta; rushinzwe yasizwe na (e) iyo ibihe by’ubuzime biteganywa n’itegeko bitararangira, umuzungura ko ubonetse ashobora gusaba Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 (b) within one month of receiving the claim, the court or the Abunzi Committee for what falls within their competence must provisionally declare unclaimed succession. In this case, the estate is administered in accordance with the relevant legislation; (b) endéans un mois, la juridiction saisie ou le Comité d’Abunzi pour les questions qui relèvent de leur compétence doit prononcer la déshérence provisoire de la succession. Dans ce cas, le patrimoine successoral est administré conformément à la législation en la matière; (c) the provisional the decision unclaimed succession is posted at the office of the Sector of the place of the opening of succession or of location of the estate; declaring (d) after three years for movable property and five years for immovable property from the date of the provisional decision declaring unclaimed succession, the court or the Abunzi Committee for what falls within their competence, upon request by in charge of the management of abandoned property provided under the law relating to the management of abandoned property, irrevocably declares the succession unclaimed and is automatically vested in the State; the estate the organ (c) la décision provisoire qui déclare la déshérence de la succession est affichée au bureau de Secteur du lieu d’ouverture de la succession ou du lieu de situation du patrimoine successoral; (d) après trois ans pour les biens mobiliers et cinq ans pour les biens immobiliers à compter de la date de la décision provisoire déclarant la déshérence de la succession, la juridiction ou le Comité d’Abunzi pour les questions qui relèvent de leur compétence, à la demande de l’organe chargé de la gestion des biens abandonnés prévu par la loi relative à la gestion des biens abandonnés, déclare irrévocablement la déshérence de la succession et le patrimoine successoral est d’office dévolu à l’État; (e) If prescription provided under the law has not yet expired, an heir who shows up may request the return of the estate vested to the State; (e) Lorsque le délai de prescription prévu par la loi n’a pas encore expiré, un héritier qui se présente peut réclamer la restitution du 288 asubizwa umutungo uzungurwa wari wareguriwe Leta; (f) umuzungura wigaragaje mbere y’uko ibihe by’ubuzime birangira, azungura umutungo wa nyakwigendera uko awusanze. uzungurwa Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 patrimoine successoral dévolu à l’État; (f) An heir who shows up before the expiry of the prescription inherits the estate of the deceased in the condition in which it is found. (f) L’héritier qui se présente avant l’expiration du délai de prescription hérite le patrimoine successoral du défunt dans l’état où il se trouve. Icyiciro cya 4: Iyegeranya n’igabanya ry’umutungo uzungurwa Section 4: Liquidation and partition of the estate Section 4: Liquidation et partage du patrimoine successoral Akiciro ka mbere: Kwegeranya umutungo uzungurwa bikozwe n’inama ishinzwe iby’izungura Subsection One: Liquidation of the estate by succession council Sous-section première: Liquidation de la succession par le conseil successoral
  185. 385

    Kwegeranya umutungo

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    AI-assisted research summary: This article defines liquidation of an estate as inventorying the estate so heirs or legatees can obtain ownership of their share.

    Ingingo ya 385: Kwegeranya umutungo uzungurwa Subsection One: Liquidation of the estate by succession council Sous-section première: Liquidation de la succession par le conseil successoral Article 385: Liquidation of the estate Article 385: Liquidation du patrimoine successoral 50 Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 Ingingo ya 385: Kwegeranya umutungo uzungurwa Article 385: Liquidation of the estate Article 385: Liquidation du patrimoine successoral umutungo ni Kwegeranya ukubarura umutungo uzungurwa kugira ngo abazungura ba nyakwigendera begukane ibyo bemerewe kuri uwo mutungo. uzungurwa Liquidation of the estate is a process of making inventory of the estate for the heirs or legatees of the deceased to acquire ownership of their portion of the estate. La liquidation de la succession est l’action de faire l’inventaire du patrimoine successoral afin que les héritiers ou les légataires du défunt acquièrent la propriété de leurs parts dans le patrimoine successoral. Ingingo ya iby’izungura 386: Inama ishinzwe
  186. 386

    Inama ishinzwe iby’izungura

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    AI-assisted research summary: The family council may settle succession-related family issues, designate the succession council’s members, and supervise that council’s work.

    Ingingo ya 386: Inama ishinzwe iby’izungura Article 386: Succession council Article 386: Conseil successoral Article 386: Succession council Article 386: Conseil successoral (1) Inama y’umuryango ni yo ishinzwe ikibazo mu muryango gukemura y’uko izungura mbere cyerekeye gishyikirizwa urukiko rubifitiye ububasha cyangwa Komite y’Abunzi ku byo ifitiye (1) The family council has powers to settle an issue arising in the family in connection with the it succession before competent court or the Abunzi Committee for what falls within their competence. is referred to (1) Le conseil de famille est chargé de régler un problème survenu dans la famille en rapport avec la succession avant la saisine de la juridiction compétente ou du Comité d’Abunzi pour les questions qui relèvent de 289 ububasha. leur compétence. Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 (2) Iyo inama y’umuryango yiga ku kibazo cyerekeye izungura, igena abagize inama aba ishinzwe bakurikira: iby’izungura muri (2) When considering an to succession, the family council designates members of the succession council from the following persons: related issue (2) Lors de l’examen du problème lié à la succession, le conseil de famille désigne les membres du conseil successoral parmi les personnes suivantes: (a) uhagarariye abazungura igihe harimo abagejeje ku myaka y’ubukure; (a) a representative of heirs or legatees if they include those having attained the age of majority; (a) un représentant des héritiers lorsqu’ils comprennent ceux ayant atteint l’âge de la majorité; (b) uwapfakaye kuzungura; igihe yemerewe (b) the surviving spouse in case he or she is (b) l’époux survivant au cas où il a droit à la entitled to succeed; succession; (c) uhagarariye umuryango wa (c) the representative of the family of the (c) le représentant de la famille du défunt; nyakwigendera; deceased; (d) abantu babiri b’inshuti z’umuryango. (d) two friends of the family. (d) deux amis de la famille. (3) Inama ishinzwe iby’izungura igenzurwa mu mirimo yayo n’inama y’umuryango. (3) The succession council carries out its responsibilities under the supervision of the family council. (3) Le conseil ses successoral attributions sous la supervision du conseil de famille. exerce
  187. 387

    Inshingano z’inama ishinzwe

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    AI-assisted research summary: The succession council must manage the estate process by choosing and supervising the liquidator, setting the liquidator’s deadline, approving the liquidator’s acts, deciding disputes about those acts, and sharing the estate among heirs.

    Ingingo ya 387: Inshingano z’inama ishinzwe iby’izungura Article 387: Responsibilities of the succession council Article successoral 387: Attributions du conseil Ingingo ya 387: Inshingano z’inama ishinzwe iby’izungura Article 387: Responsibilities of the succession council Article successoral 387: Attributions du conseil Inama ishinzwe iby’izungura ifite inshingano zikurikira: The succession council has responsibilities: the following Le conseil successoral a suivantes: les attributions (a) guhitamo no kugenzura umuntu ushinzwe umutungo kwegeranya uzungurwa, iyo bishoboka, atoranywa (a) to choose and supervise the liquidator, if possible, he or she is chosen from heirs of the deceased; (a) choisir et superviser le liquidateur, si possible, il est choisi parmi les héritiers du défunt; 290 Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 mu bazungura ba nyakwigendera; (b) kugena igihe ushinzwe kwegeranya umutungo uzungurwa agomba kuba yarangije inshingano ze; (b) to set the deadline for the discharge of responsibilities of the liquidator; (b) déterminer pour date l’accomplissement des attributions du liquidateur; limite la (c) kwemeza ibyakozwe kwegeranya umutungo uzungurwa; n’ushinzwe (c) to approve the acts of a liquidator; (c) approuver les actes d’un liquidateur; (d) gufata ibyemezo ku mpaka zerekeye ibikorwa by’ushinzwe kwegeranya umutungo uzungurwa; (d) to take decisions on disputes regarding acts of the liquidator; (d) prendre les les contestations concernant les actes du liquidateur; décisions sur (e) kugabanya abazungura umutungo (e) share the estate between heirs. (e) partager la succession entre les héritiers. uzungurwa.
  188. 388

    Inshingano z’ushinzwe

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    AI-assisted research summary: A liquidator must handle the estate, decide how inherited debts will be repaid, and report completed acts to the succession council, unless the will says otherwise.

    Ingingo ya 388: Inshingano z’ushinzwe kwegeranya umutungo uzungurwa Article 388: Duties of liquidator Article 388: Attributions du liquidateur Ingingo ya 388: Inshingano z’ushinzwe kwegeranya umutungo uzungurwa inshingano kwegeranya afite (1) Ushinzwe umutungo uzungurwa zirimo kwegeranya uzungurwa, imyenda kugaragaza no kugena uko izungurwa izishyurwa uretse iyo irage ryabigennye ukundi. umutungo Article 388: Duties of liquidator Article 388: Attributions du liquidateur (1) Unless otherwise specified in the will, the liquidator has duties including liquidation of the estate, presenting and determining the procedure for the repayment of the inherited debts. (1) Sauf disposition contraire du testament, le liquidateur a les attributions y compris la liquidation du patrimoine successoral, la la détermination des présentation et modalités de remboursement des dettes héritées. (2) Iyo arangije inshingano ze, ushinzwe uzungurwa ishinzwe yemeze umutungo raporo kugira inama kwegeranya akorera iby’izungura ibyakozwe. ngo (2) Upon completion of his or her responsibilities, the liquidator reports to the succession council for approval of the acts performed. 291 (2) Ὰ la fin de ses attributions, le liquidateur fait successoral pour rapport approuver les actes accomplis. conseil au Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024
  189. 389

    Kwishyura imyenda ikurwa

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    AI-assisted research summary: The liquidator must pay debts attached to the estate in the listed order.

    Ingingo ya 389: Kwishyura imyenda ikurwa mu mutungo uzungurwa Article 389: Payment of debts attaching to the estate Article 389: Règlement des dettes au patrimoine successoral Akiciro ka 2: Uburenganzira bwo kwemera cyangwa kwanga kuzungura Subsection 2: Right to accept or renounce the succession Sous-section 2: Droit d’accepter ou de renoncer à la succession Ingingo ya 389: Kwishyura ikurwa mu mutungo uzungurwa imyenda Article 389: Payment of debts attaching to the estate Article 389: Règlement des dettes au patrimoine successoral Mu kwishyura imyenda ikurwa ku mutungo uzungurwa, ushinzwe kwegeranya umutungo uzungurwa agomba kubahiriza urutonde rukurikira: When paying debts attaching to the estate, the liquidator must comply with the following order: Dans le règlement des dettes au patrimoine successoral, le liquidateur doit respecter l’ordre suivant: (a) ibyatanzwe mu nyakwigendera; ishyingurwa rya (a) funeral costs of the deceased; (a) les frais funéraires du défunt; (b) ibyatanzwe mu icunga, iyegeranya n’ikigereranyo cy’ibizakoreshwa mu igabana ry’umutungo uzungurwa; (b) the costs associated with and the administration, the estimation of expenses related to the partition of the estate; liquidation (b) les frais d’administration, de liquidation ainsi que l’estimation des dépenses relatives biens partage au successoraux; des (c) imyenda nyakwigendera asize igejeje (c) maturing debts left by the deceased; (c) les dettes échues laissées par le défunt; igihe cyo kwishyurwa; (d) indagano yatanzwe na (d) legacy made by the deceased. (d) le legs fait par le défunt. nyakwigendera. Akiciro ka 2: Uburenganzira bwo kwemera cyangwa kwanga kuzungura Subsection 2: Right to accept or renounce the succession Sous-section 2: Droit d’accepter ou de renoncer à la succession
  190. 390

    Kwemera cyangwa kwanga

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    AI-assisted research summary: Heirs or legatees may accept or renounce a succession or legacy, usually before the succession council.

    Ingingo ya 390: Kwemera cyangwa kwanga kuzungura Article 390: Acceptance or renunciation of succession Article 390: Acceptation ou renonciation à la succession Ingingo ya 390: Kwemera cyangwa kwanga kuzungura Article 390: Acceptance or renunciation of succession Article 390: Acceptation ou renonciation à la succession (1) Umuzungura afite uburenganzira bwo kwemera cyangwa kwanga kuzungura, cyangwa kuyanga gufata indagano (1) An heir or legatee has the right to accept or renounce succession or legacy. Acceptance of succession or legacy is expressed before the 292 (1) Un héritier ou légataire a le droit d’accepter la succession ou le legs ou d’y renoncer. L’acceptation de la succession ou du legs est Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 bikorewe iby’izungura. imbere y’inama ishinzwe succession council. exprimée devant le conseil successoral. (2) Umuntu ufite ububasha bwa kibyeyi ku mwana ni we ufite uburenganzira bwo kwemera cyangwa kwanga kuzungura, gufata indagano cyangwa kuyanga mu umuntu mukuru wambuwe gihe ubushobozi bikorwa n’umwishingizi we. (2) The person exercising parental authority over the child has the right to accept or renounce succession or legacy on behalf of the child while the guardian exercise that right for an incapacitated person under his or her guardianship. (2) La personne exerçant l’autorité parentale sur l’enfant a le droit d’accepter ou de renoncer à une succession ou un legs au nom de l’enfant alors que le tuteur exerce ce droit pour une personne incapable sous sa tutelle. (3) Iyo umuntu adakoresheje apfuye uburenganzira bwo kwemera cyangwa kwanga kuzungura, gufata indagano cyangwa kuyanga bikorwa n’abazungura be. (3) If a person dies before exercising his or her right to accept or renounce the succession or legacy, it is exercised by his or her heirs. (3) Lorsqu’une personne décède sans avoir accepté ou renoncé à une succession ou un legs, son droit d’accepter ou de renoncer à une succession ou un legs passe aux héritiers. (4) Iyo umuzungura atagize icyo avuga kandi yaramenyeshejwe ko ari mu bazungura, bifatwa nk’aho yemeye kuzungura. (4) If the heir or legatee remains silent after being informed that he or she is one of the heirs or legatees, he or she is considered to have accepted to succeed. (4) Lorsque l’héritier ou légataire ne s’est pas prononcé alors qu’il a été informé qu’il fait partie des héritiers ou légataires, il est réputé avoir accepté la succession. (5) Uwemeye azungura kuzungura, umutungo n’imyenda bya nyakwigendera. (5) A person who accepts to inherit, inherits the (5) La personne qui accepte d’hériter, hérite assets and liabilities of the deceased. l’actif et le passif du défunt.
  191. 391

    Igihe kwemera cyangwa

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    AI-assisted research summary: An heir or legatee must accept or renounce a succession or legacy within six months.

    Ingingo ya 391: Igihe kwemera cyangwa kwanga kuzungura bikorwa Article 391: Deadline to accept or renounce to succession Article 391: Délai pour accepter ou renoncer à la succession Ingingo ya 391: Igihe kwemera cyangwa kwanga kuzungura bikorwa Article 391: Deadline to accept or renounce to succession Article 391: Délai pour accepter ou renoncer à la succession Kwemera cyangwa kwanga kuzungura, gufata indagano cyangwa kuyanga bikorwa mu gihe kitarenze amezi atandatu abarwa uhereye ku yamenyesherejweho munsi umuzungura Acceptance or renunciation of succession or legacy is exercised within six months from the date the liquidator informs the heir or legatee of his or her right to succeed or from the date the heir or 293 la L’acceptation ou la succession ou du legs se fait endéans six mois à compter de la date où l’héritier ou le légataire a été informé par le liquidateur de son droit renonciation de umutungo kwegeranya n’ushinzwe uzungurwa ko afite uburenganzira bwo kuzungura cyangwa ku munsi umuzungura ubwe yagaragarije ushinzwe kwegeranya umutungo ko afite uburenganzira bwo kuzungura.
  192. 392

    Inkurikizi zo kwemera

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    AI-assisted research summary: An heir who accepts a succession must pay the deceased’s debts in proportion to the share inherited.

    Ingingo ya 392: Inkurikizi zo kwemera kuzungura Article 392: Effects of acceptance of succession Article 392: Effets de l’acceptation de la succession Ingingo ya 392: Inkurikizi zo kwemera kuzungura Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 legatee expresses his or her status as an heir or legatee. d’hériter ou du jour où il exprime lui-même l’état d’héritier ou légataire. Article 392: Effects of acceptance of succession Article 392: Effets de l’acceptation de la succession (1) Umuzungura wemeye kuzungura yishyura imyenda ya nyakwigendera hashingiwe ku kigereranyo agomba kubona ku mutungo uzungurwa. cy’uruhare (1) An heir who accepts the succession pays liabilities of the deceased in proportion to the portion of the estate devolving upon him or her. (1) L’héritier qui accepte la succession paye le passif du défunt en proportion de la part du patrimoine successoral qui lui échoit. (2) Uwishyuye umwenda wose ashobora kuregera urukiko rubifitiye ububasha kugira bazungura bamwishyure uruhare rwabo kuri uwo mwenda iyo batabikoze ku bushake. abandi ngo (2) A person having paid the total amount of the debt may file a claim to the competent court in order for other heirs to repay him or her their portion in that debt. (2) La personne qui a payé la totalité de la dette peut saisir la juridiction compétente afin que d’autres héritiers lui remboursent leur part de cette dette.
  193. 393

    Uburyo bukoreshwa mu

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    AI-assisted research summary: An heir must renounce succession in writing, unless the heir cannot write; then oral renunciation is allowed within the prescribed period.

    Ingingo ya 393: Uburyo bukoreshwa mu kwanga kuzungura Article 393: Modalities for renunciation of succession Article 393: Modalités de renonciation à la succession Ingingo ya 393: Uburyo bukoreshwa mu kwanga kuzungura Article 393: Modalities for renunciation of succession Article 393: Modalités de renonciation à la succession (1) Kwanga kuzungura kandi bigomba kugaragazwa bigakorwa mu nyandiko. Icyakora, iyo umuzungura atazi cyangwa adashobora kwandika, ashobora kuvuga mu magambo ko yanze kuzungura mu gihe cyagenwe. (1) Renunciation of succession must be expressed and done in writing. However, if the heir cannot write or is unable to write, he or she may verbally renounce succession within the prescribed period. (1) La renonciation à la succession doit être exprimée et faite par écrit. Cependant, lorsque l’héritier ne sait pas écrire ou est incapable d’écrire, la renonciation verbalement dans les délais prescrits. il peut déclarer 294 Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 (2) Kwanga kuzungura bimenyeshwa abandi bazungura ushinzwe cyangwa kwegeranya umutungo uzungurwa hari nibura abatangabuhamya babiri. (2) Renunciation of succession is communicated to other heirs or to the liquidator, if any, in presence of two witnesses. (2) La renonciation est communiquée aux autres héritiers ou au liquidateur, le cas échéant, en présence de deux témoins.
  194. 394

    Inkurikizi zo kwanga

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    AI-assisted research summary: A heir who renounces succession is treated as if they were never called to inherit and does not have to pay debts attached to the estate.

    Ingingo ya 394: Inkurikizi zo kwanga kuzungura Article 394: Effects of renunciation of succession Article 394: Effets de la renonciation à la succession ya Ingingo burenganzira bwo kwemera kwanga kuzungura 395: Kwisubiraho ku cyangwa Ingingo ya 394: Inkurikizi zo kwanga kuzungura Article 394: Effects of renunciation of succession Article 394: Effets de la renonciation à la succession Umuzungura wanze kuzungura afatwa nk’aho atigeze yemererwa kuzungura. Ntasabwa kwishyura ikurwa ku mutungo uzungurwa. imyenda An heir who renounces is considered as having never been called to succeed. He or she is relieved of the obligation to pay debts attaching to the estate. the succession L’héritier qui renonce à la succession est considéré comme n’ayant jamais été appelé à la succession. Il n’est pas tenu de régler les dettes liées au patrimoine successoral. ya Ingingo ku burenganzira bwo kwemera cyangwa kwanga kuzungura 395: Kwisubiraho
  195. 395

    Reversibility of the right to

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    AI-assisted research summary: An heir or legatee generally cannot reverse a choice to accept or renounce an inheritance after the deadline has expired, unless the choice was caused by fraud, violence, or threats.

    Article 395: Reversibility of the right to accept or renounce to succession Article 395: Réversibilité du droit d’accepter ou de renoncer à la succession 51 Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 Akiciro ka 3: Kugabanya abazungura umutungo uzungurwa Subsection 3: Partition of the estate Sous-section 3: Partage du patrimoine successoral Article 395: Reversibility of the right to accept or renounce to succession Article 395: Réversibilité du droit d’accepter ou de renoncer à la succession iyo Umuzungura wakoresheje uburenganzira bwo cyangwa kwanga kuzungura kwemera ntashobora kwisubiraho igihe cyo iyo cyangwa kwanga kuzungura kwemera cyarangiye hakoreshejwe uretse ibikangisho ingufu cyangwa uburiganya, kandi bikaregerwa mu rukiko rubifitiye ububasha mu gihe kitarenze amezi 12 uhereye ku munsi gukoresha ubwo buriganya, ingufu ibikangisho byarangiriye. Igihe cyangwa cy’amezi 12 gishobora kongerwa habonetse impamvu zifatika byemejwe n’urukiko. The heir or legatee who has exercised the right to accept or renounce to succession cannot reverse his or her choice after the expiration of the time limit for the exercise of his or her choice, unless the choice is the result of the use of fraud, violence or threats and a legal action is filed before the competent court within 12 months from the date of cessation of use of fraud, violence or threats. The period of 12 months may be extended by the court in the event of valid reasons. Un héritier ou légataire qui a exercé l’option successorale ne peut plus revenir sur son option après l’expiration du délai prescrit pour exercer son option, à moins que le choix ne soit le résultat de l’utilisation du dol, de la violence ou de la menace et qu’une action soit intentée devant une juridiction compétente endéans 12 mois qui suivent la date de la cessation de l’utilisation du dol, de la violence ou de la menace. Le délai de 12 mois peut être prolongé par la juridiction en cas de motifs valables. 295 Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 Akiciro ka 3: Kugabanya abazungura umutungo uzungurwa Subsection 3: Partition of the estate Sous-section 3: Partage du patrimoine successoral
  196. 396

    Kugabanya abazungura

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    AI-assisted research summary: The succession council conducts partition of the estate among heirs. An heir who is not satisfied may take the matter to the competent court or the Abunzi Committee, if the matter falls within their competence.

    Ingingo ya 396: Kugabanya abazungura umutungo uzungurwa Article 396: Partition of the estate Article successoral 396: Partage du patrimoine Ingingo ya 396: Kugabanya abazungura umutungo uzungurwa Article 396: Partition of the estate Article successoral 396: Partage du patrimoine (1) Kugabanya uzungurwa ishinzwe iby’izungura. abazungura ni igikorwa umutungo cy’inama (1) The partition of the estate is conducted by the succession council among heirs. (1) Le partage de la succession est effectué par le conseil successoral entre les héritiers. Inama (2) Umuzungura utishimiye uko umutungo uzungurwa wagabanyijwe ashyikiriza Iyo ikibazo atishimiye cy’Inama icyemezo y’umuryango aregera urukiko rubifitiye ububasha cyangwa Komite y’Abunzi ku byo ifitiye ububasha. y’umuryango. (2) The heir who is not satisfied of partition refers the matter to the succession council. In case of unsatisfactory response, he or she files the case to the competent court or Abunzi Committee for what falls within their competence. (2) L’héritier qui n’est pas satisfait du partage le conseil introduit un recours devant réponse de successoral. insatisfaisante, juridiction la compétente ou le Comité d’Abunzi pour les questions qui relèvent de leur compétence. cas saisit En il
  197. 397

    Uburyo bwo kugabanya

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    AI-assisted research summary: This article sets how heirs or legatees divide an estate, including compensation when equal division is not possible and a pre-emptive right to buy sold assets.

    Ingingo ya 397: Uburyo bwo kugabanya umutungo uzungurwa Article 397: Modalities for partition of the estate Article 397: Modalités de partage du patrimoine successoral Ingingo ya 397: Uburyo bwo kugabanya umutungo uzungurwa Article 397: Modalities for partition of the estate Article 397: Modalités de partage du patrimoine successoral (1) Umutungo ugabanywa uzungurwa abazungura uko uri hakurikijwe agaciro ufite ku munsi w’igabana. (1) An estate is distributed among rightful heirs according to its condition and value on the date of partition. (1) Le patrimoine successoral est distribué entre les ayants droit selon son état et selon sa valeur au jour du partage. (2) Iyo umutungo uzungurwa udashobora kugabanywa uko umeze mu migabane ingana, abazungura babyumvikanyeho bagena abazungura babonye umugabane urenze bagomba guha ababonye umugabane muto. inshumbushanyo (2) If the estate cannot be divided as it is into equal portions, the heirs or legatees agree on compensation that the heirs or legatees who receive a big portion must give to the heirs or legatees who receive a small portion. (2) Lorsque le patrimoine successoral en son état ne peut pas être divisé à parts égales, les héritiers ou légataires s’accordent sur une soulte que les héritiers ayant reçu une part supérieure doivent donner à ceux qui ont reçu une part inférieure. (3) Iyo habayeho impaka hagati y’abazungura (3) In the event of a dispute between the heirs or (3) En cas de désaccord entre les cohéritiers ou 296 gaciro uzungurwa k’umutungo ku cyangwa ku itangwa ry’inshumbushanyo, ikibazo Inama gishyikirizwa y’umuryango. Iyo Inama y’umuryango kibazo, itabashije gishyikirizwa urukiko rubifitiye ububasha cyangwa Komite y’Abunzi ku byo ifitiye ububasha. gucyemura icyo Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 the matter legatees over the value of the estate or the payment of compensation, is referred to the family council. If the dispute is not resolved by the family council, the matter is referred to the competent court or Abunzi Committee for matter that falls within their competence. la valeur du patrimoine légataires sur successoral ou de la soulte, ils portent l’affaire au conseil de famille. Si la dispute n’est pas résolue par le conseil de famille, l'affaire est portée devant la juridiction compétente ou le Comité d’Abunzi pour les questions qui relèvent de leur compétence. (4) Iyo ibintu bidashobora bimwe kugabanyika uko bikwiye, abazungura bumvikana uburyo bwo kubicunga no kugabana Iyo bigurishijwe, abazungura bagira uburenganzira bwo kuba babigura mbere y’undi muntu. inyungu. (4) If it is impossible to conveniently divide some assets, heirs or legatees agree on how to manage them and share profits. In case of sale of the assets, heirs or legatees enjoy the pre- emptive right to buy the assets. (5) Iyo hari umuzungura wifuza kubona umugabane we ariko abandi bazungura badashaka kugabana umutungo, aregera urukiko rubifitiye ububasha cyangwa Komite y’Abunzi ku byo ifitiye ububasha kugira ngo agenerwe uruhare rwe bitabaye ngombwa ko kugabana bikorwa kuri bose. (5) If there is an heir or legatee who wants to get his or her portion while the other heirs do not want the estate to be divided into portions, he or she files a claim to a competent court or Abunzi Committee for matter that falls within their competence in order to be entitled to his or her portion without requiring the estate being divided among all heirs or legatees. (4) Lorsque certains biens ne peuvent être convenablement partagés, les héritiers ou légataires s’accordent sur les modalités de leur administration et du partage des profits. En cas de vente de ces biens, les héritiers ou légataires de droit disposent préemption pour l’achat de ces biens. d’un (5) Lorsqu’un héritier ou légataire veut sortir de l’indivision et obtenir sa part alors que d’autres héritiers ne veulent pas que le patrimoine successoral soit partagé, il saisit la juridiction compétente ou le Comité d’Abunzi pour les questions qui relèvent de leur compétence pour recevoir sa part sans que le patrimoine successoral soit partagé entre tous les héritiers ou légataires.
  198. 398

    Gucunga umutungo

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    AI-assisted research summary: Property inherited by children who have not reached majority is administered by the surviving spouse, or if there is no surviving spouse, by the person with parental authority.

    Ingingo ya 398: Gucunga umutungo wazunguwe n’abana bataragira imyaka y’ubukure Article 398: Administration of the property inherited by children who have not attained the age of majority Article 398: Administration du patrimoine hérité par les enfants qui n’ont pas atteint l’âge de la majorité Ingingo ya 398: Gucunga umutungo wazunguwe n’abana bataragira imyaka y’ubukure Article 398: Administration of the property inherited by children who have not attained the age of majority Article 398: Administration du patrimoine hérité par les enfants qui n’ont pas atteint l’âge de la majorité Umutungo wazunguwe n’abana batarageza ku Property inherited by children who have not Le patrimoine hérité par les enfants qui n’ont pas 297 Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 myaka y’ubukure ucungwa n’umubyeyi wabo wasigaye, ugacungwa yaba n’ubafiteho ububasha bwa kibyeyi. adahari attained the age of majority is administered by the surviving spouse or, in his or her absence, by the person exercising parental authority over them. atteint l’âge de la majorité est administré pour leur compte par l’époux survivant et en son absence, par celui qui exerce sur eux l’autorité parentale.
  199. 399

    Inkurikizi zo kugabana

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    AI-assisted research summary: Partition of an estate gives full rights to the inherited property.

    Ingingo ya 399: Inkurikizi zo kugabana umutungo uzungurwa Article 399: Effects of partition of the estate Article 399: Effets du partage du patrimoine successoral Ingingo ya 399: Inkurikizi zo kugabana umutungo uzungurwa Article 399: Effects of partition of the estate Article 399: Effets du partage du patrimoine successoral Kugabana umutungo uzungurwa bitanga uburenganzira ku mutungo busesuye wazunguwe. Partition of the estate ensures an absolute right to property. Le partage du patrimoine successoral garantit le droit absolu au patrimoine.
  200. 400

    Kugaruza ibyarenze ku

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    AI-assisted research summary: If a deceased person gave away more than the disposable portion, the excess may be claimed back by heirs with reserved rights, but gifts made more than three years before succession opens cannot be returned.

    Ingingo ya 400: Kugaruza ibyarenze ku mugabane w’ibishobora gutangwa Article 400: Return of excess of disposable portion the Article 400: Rétrocession d’excédent de la quotité disponible UMUTWE WA XVIII: ZINYURANYE N’IZISOZA INGINGO CHAPTER XVIII: MISCELLANEOUS AND FINAL PROVISIONS CHAPITRE DIVERSES ET FINALES XVIII: DISPOSITIONS Ingingo ya 400: Kugaruza ibyarenze ku mugabane w’ibishobora gutangwa Article 400: Return of excess of the disposable portion Article 400: Rétrocession d’excédent de la quotité disponible (1) Iyo nyakwigendera yarengeje umugabane w’ibyo yashoboraga gutanga, hakorwa ibi bikurikira: (1) If the deceased exceeds the disposable portion, the following is done: (1) Lorsque le défunt a dépassé la quotité disponible, il est procédé à ce qui suit: (a) indagano ntitangwa; (a) the legacy is not executed; (a) le legs n’est pas exécuté; (b) abazungura bazigamirwa bashobora ibyarenze ku mpano gusaba ko byagaruzwa haherewe ku mpano ziherutse gutangwa. (b) the heirs with right of retention may claim retrocession of the excess of the available share, starting with the most recent donations. (b) les héritiers réservataires peuvent réclamer la rétrocession d’excédent de en la quotité disponible, commençant par les donations les plus récentes. (2) Impano yatanzwe mbere y’imyaka itatu ibanziriza umunsi izungura ritangiriyeho ntishobora kugaruzwa. (2) A donation made before three years prior to the opening of succession is not subject to return. (2) Une donation faite trois ans avant la date de l’ouverture de la succession, ne peut être rétrocédé. 298 Official Gazette n° Special of 30/07/2024 UMUTWE WA XVIII: ZINYURANYE N’IZISOZA INGINGO CHAPTER XVIII: MISCELLANEOUS AND FINAL PROVISIONS CHAPITRE DIVERSES ET FINALES XVIII: DISPOSITIONS

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