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Rwanda Case Law

Search judgments by proposition, citation, court, judge or legal topic, then move directly into the source-grounded case analysis.

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Criminal law RPAA 01374/2024/CA

UBUSHINJACYAHA v NSHIMIRIMANA

The Court of Appeal found no proof beyond reasonable doubt that Nshimirimana Emmanuel trafficked cannabis, allowed the appeal, quashed the conviction, and ordered his release.

  • Standard of proof
  • Drug offences
  • Benefit of the doubt
  • Appeals procedure
  • Criminal-law
  • Evidence-law
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Criminal law RPAA00596/2024/CA

UBUSHINJACYAHA vs TWIZERIMANA

The Court of Appeal allowed Twizerimana Théoneste’s appeal, finding the evidence inconsistent and insufficient to prove defilement beyond reasonable doubt.

  • Defilement
  • Benefit of the doubt
  • Burden of proof
  • Child protection
  • Evidence assessment
  • Benefit-of-the-doubt
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Criminal law RPAA 00105/2024/CA

UBUSHINJACYAHA v MANIRIHO

Due to conflicting evidence regarding the victim's age and the absence of a definitive birth certificate or equivalent judicial decision, the court found reasonable doubt as to whether the victim was underage at the time of cohabitation. In accordance with the principle that doubt must benefit the accused, Maniriho Jérôme was acquitted.

  • Defilement
  • Proof of age
  • Evidentiary standards
  • Benefit of the doubt
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Criminal law RPAA 00296/2023/CA

UBUSHINJACYAHA v NDIZIHIWE

The Court of Appeal acquitted NDIZIHIWE Fabrice and NYIRAVURIRO Lydie of murder, finding the evidence insufficient and applying the benefit of the doubt.

  • Murder
  • Accomplice liability
  • Standard of proof
  • Benefit of the doubt
  • Damages for wrongful death
  • Criminal-appeal
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Criminal law RPAA 00078/2021/CA

UBUSHINJACYAHA v. DUSHIMIRIMANA

The Court of Appeal allowed the appeal, finding inconsistencies in the dates and seizure documents created doubt about the drug trafficking conviction.

  • Standard of proof
  • Benefit of the doubt
  • Drug trafficking
  • Evidence assessment
  • Criminal-procedure
  • Evidence-assessment
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Criminal law RPA 01246/2021/HC/KIG

Niyonsaba Emelyne

The High Court allowed the appeal, holding that sexual intercourse alone and a two-year age difference did not prove defilement beyond reasonable doubt.

  • Defilement
  • Sexual offences
  • Standard of proof
  • Benefit of the doubt
  • Criminal-law
  • Sexual-offences
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Criminal law RLR V. 4 - 2015

UBUSHINJACYAHA v. GATERA

The Supreme Court allowed the appeal, found the evidence inconsistent and inconclusive, and acquitted Gatera Célestin on the benefit of the doubt.

  • Standard of proof
  • Benefit of the doubt
  • Evidence assessment
  • Appeal
  • Acquittal
  • Standard-of-proof
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Criminal law RLR V.1 - 2015

UBUSHINJACYAHA v. NSHIMIYIMANA

The Supreme Court of Rwanda overturned a defilement conviction, holding that inconsistent testimony and non-conclusive medical evidence left reasonable doubt.

  • Standard of proof
  • Evidence assessment
  • Benefit of the doubt
  • Acquittal
  • Testimonial evidence
  • Criminal-law
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Criminal law RPA 0223/09/CS

PROSECUTION v. HAGUMIRAGIRA

The Supreme Court upheld Hagumiragira’s acquittal after the prosecution conceded doubt and admitted it had not examined exculpatory evidence.

  • Burden of proof
  • Collection of evidence
  • Benefit of the doubt
  • Acquittal
  • Appeal procedure
  • Criminal-procedure
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Criminal law RPAA0149/10/CS

UBUSHINJACYAHA v. NTAWICUMURAME

The Supreme Court of Rwanda acquitted Ntawicumurame Faustin of defilement, finding the prosecution failed to prove guilt beyond reasonable doubt.

  • Defilement of a minor
  • Standard of proof
  • Benefit of the doubt
  • Evaluation of evidence
  • Criminal-law
  • Criminal-procedure
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Rwanda decisions are organised by court, judge, legal area and indexed issue so a practitioner can move from a proposition to a citable authority with the surrounding context intact.