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Rwanda Case Law

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Criminal law RPAA 00188/2023/CA

UBUSHINJACYAHA v. IRADUKUNDA

The appellant and his counsel submitted the grounds of appeal after the statutory deadline, despite having access to the judgment copy in the IECMS system. As a result, the grounds of appeal are inadmissible, and the lower court's conviction and sentence remain in force.

  • Appeal deadlines
  • Admissibility of grounds of appeal
  • Drug offences
  • Procedural compliance
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Insurance law RS/INJUST/RC 00025/2024/SC

NSENGIYUMVA vs PRIME INSURANCE LTD

The Supreme Court held that a passenger injured in an insured vehicle was a third party entitled to statutory compensation, and awarded damages based on minimum-wage rules.

  • Compulsory motor vehicle insurance
  • Third party compensation
  • Calculation of damages
  • Standing of passenger
  • Application of presidential decree
  • Burden of proof for income
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Criminal law RS/INJUST/RP 00002/2024/SC

UBUSHINJACYAHA v RUTAGANDA

The Supreme Court held that a fugitive tried and convicted in absentia may not appeal until surrender or arrest renders the prior judgment non-existent.

  • Trial in absentia
  • Right of appeal
  • Forgery and use of forged documents
  • Review for injustice
  • Procedural default
  • Trial-in-absentia
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Constitutional law

RLR V.4 - 2025

Article 129(3) of Law No 22/2018 does not violate the Constitution, as it provides a justified and reasonable distinction between parties whose objections are dismissed and those who pleaded against them, ensuring both retain the right to appeal in a manner appropriate to their procedural posture; the right to a competent court is preserved, and the provision does not create unconstitutional inequality.

  • Equality before the law
  • Right to competent court
  • Appeal on admissibility
  • Judicial procedure
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Criminal law RPAA01369/2024/CA

UBUSHINJACYAHA v. USABAMUNGU

The Court of Appeal held that Usabamungu was already sufficiently sentenced and dismissed his appeal for further sentence reduction.

  • Drug offences
  • Sentencing
  • Appeals
  • Mitigating and aggravating circumstances
  • Criminal-law
  • Drug-offences
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Criminal law RPAA 00886/2024/CA

UBUSHINJACYAHA v. HATEGEKIMANA

The Court held that the evidence, including the child's testimony, corroborating witnesses, and the accused's own admissions, established beyond reasonable doubt that Hategekimana Damascène committed defilement by touching the child's genitals for sexual gratification. The absence of physical injury or penetration and the intact hymen did not negate the offence. The claim of coerced confession was unsupported by evidence. The appeal was dismissed and the lower court's sentence of 15 years' imprisonment was upheld.

  • Defilement
  • Sexual offences against children
  • Evidentiary standards
  • Confession under duress
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Criminal law RPAA01080/2024/CA

UBUSHINJACYAHA v. NZIGIRA

The Court of Appeal held that a crime punishable by life imprisonment may not be reduced below 15 years, and dismissed the appeal.

  • Drug trafficking
  • Sentencing
  • Mitigation of sentence
  • Minimum sentences
  • Drug-trafficking
  • Minimum-sentences
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Commercial law RCOMAA 00077/2024/CA

UBUZIMA POLYCLINIC Ltd v. SGB FUND RWANDA

The Court of Appeal held that UBUZIMA Polyclinic Ltd’s second appeal was inadmissible because it had lost in both lower courts on the same grounds.

  • Loan agreements
  • Jurisdiction
  • Appeals
  • Contract enforcement
  • Costs and attorney fees
  • Appeal
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Rwanda decisions are organised by court, judge, legal area and indexed issue so a practitioner can move from a proposition to a citable authority with the surrounding context intact.