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Rwanda Case Law

Search judgments by proposition, citation, court, judge or legal topic, then move directly into the source-grounded case analysis.

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Criminal law RS/INJUST/RP 00002/2024/SC

UBUSHINJACYAHA v RUTAGANDA

The Supreme Court held that a fugitive tried and convicted in absentia may not appeal until surrender or arrest renders the prior judgment non-existent.

  • Trial in absentia
  • Right of appeal
  • Forgery and use of forged documents
  • Review for injustice
  • Procedural default
  • Trial-in-absentia
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Civil procedure RS/INJUST/RCOM 00007/2024/SC

MIHIGO v. AKARERE KA KARONGI

Mihigo Bernard did not have a direct and personal interest to sue Akarere ka Karongi because the assignment of debt from CBS was not formally notified or accepted by the debtor, and CBS continued to act as the party with the direct interest in the enforcement of the judgment. Therefore, Mihigo's claim was inadmissible for lack of standing.

  • Standing to sue
  • Assignment of debt (cession de créance)
  • Direct and personal interest
  • Review for injustice
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Contract law RS/INJUST/RCOM 00009/2024/CA

PRO WATER RWANDA PLC v. MUNYABUHORO N’ABANDI

The Court of Appeal held that Green House Rwanda Ltd must pay PRO WATER RWANDA Plc for greenhouse construction work, and Munyabuhoro must return sums paid under the reversed judgment.

  • Contractual obligations
  • Subcontracting
  • Matching grants
  • Review for injustice
  • Allocation of payment responsibility
  • Contract-law
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Tort law RS/INJUST/RC 00006/2024/SC

SANLAM ASSURANCES GENERALES Plc v NDAYISABA

The Supreme Court held that career impairment damages require proof of employment or study at the time of the accident. Ndayisaba had not proved a job, so he must refund that award.

  • Motor vehicle accident compensation
  • Career impairment damages
  • Burden of proof
  • Review for injustice
  • Career-impairment-damages
  • Burden-of-proof
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Contract law RS/INJUST/ RCOM 00014/2022/CA

FODECO vs THAUGHTS ARE THINGS CO (TATCO) LTD N’UNDI

The Court of Appeal held that TATCO and Kimenyi Jean must refund FODECO the advance and USD 7,000, but rejected claims for lost-profit and distress damages.

  • Contract validity
  • Breach of contract
  • Advance payment
  • Damages
  • Review for injustice
  • Burden of proof
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Insurance law RS/INJUST/RC 00001/2024/SC

MUA INSURANCE RWANDA Ltd v SANLAM AG. Plc

SANLAM AG Plc did not provide conclusive evidence that the fire was caused by EUCL Ltd's conduct. The technical and factual record did not establish, without doubt, that EUCL Ltd's wiring was the source of the fire. Therefore, MUA Insurance Rwanda Ltd, as EUCL Ltd's insurer, is not liable for the sums previously awarded. Restitution of amounts paid is ordered.

  • Burden of proof
  • Insurance liability
  • Fire damage
  • Subrogation
  • Review for injustice
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Labour law RS/INJUST/RSOC 00002/2024/SC

UKWIZAGIRA N’ABANDI vs. BAKHRESA GRAIN MILLING RWANDA Ltd

The Supreme Court dismissed a review-for-injustice application by former workers of BGM Rwanda, finding they failed to prove continuous employment or a fixed salary.

  • Employment contracts
  • Unfair dismissal
  • Burden of proof
  • Written and unwritten contracts
  • Damages and compensation
  • Review for injustice
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Civil law RS/INJUST/RC 00005/2023/SC

RADIANT INSURANCE COMPANY LTD v MUKABERA

The Supreme Court reversed a dependency-damages award, holding that a local authority certificate alone did not prove the claimant was actually supported by the deceased.

  • Motor vehicle accident compensation
  • Dependency damages
  • Burden of proof
  • Review for injustice
  • Dependency-damages
  • Motor-vehicle-accident-compensation
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Company law RS/INJUST/RCOM 00001/2019/SC

BAGARAGAZA N’ABANDI v. SIRWA SARL

The Supreme Court found a 1997 extraordinary shareholders’ meeting invalid, awarded the claimants share value, unpaid dividends, interest, and legal costs, and granted review for injustice.

  • Validity of company resolutions
  • Shareholder rights
  • Dividends
  • Limitation period
  • Review for injustice
  • Valuation of shares
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Civil law RS/INJUST/RAD00002/2023/SC

NYIRASAFARI v UMUJYI WA KIGALI N’ABANDI

Nyirasafari Gaudentia failed to provide a legally valid marriage certificate or a valid substitute judgment as required by law to establish standing to claim succession property. The documents she relied on (attestations, letters, ID, and a substitute judgment) did not meet the legal requirements, as the substitute judgment had been annulled and other documents were not legally sufficient. Therefore, she lacked standing, and her claims could not be entertained.

  • Standing to sue
  • Proof of marriage
  • Succession rights
  • Review for injustice
  • Burden of proof
  • Procedural requirements
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Rwanda decisions are organised by court, judge, legal area and indexed issue so a practitioner can move from a proposition to a citable authority with the surrounding context intact.