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Rwanda Case Law

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Civil law RCAA00045/2024/CA

RUCAMIHIGO vs MUREKATETE VERVELDE N’UNDI

The Court of Appeal held that Rucamihigo had lost on the same substantive ground in both lower courts, so his second appeal was inadmissible for lack of jurisdiction.

  • Res judicata
  • Jurisdiction of appellate court
  • Contract performance
  • Specific performance
  • Damages
  • Costs and attorney fees
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Civil procedure RCAA 00045/2024/CA

RUCAMIHIGO v. MUREKATETE N’UNDI

The Court of Appeal held the second appeal inadmissible because the appellant had lost in both lower courts on the same core issue: rescission of the preliminary sale contract.

  • Appellate jurisdiction
  • Preliminary objection
  • Contract rescission
  • Real property sale
  • Costs and attorney fees
  • Appellate-jurisdiction
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Commercial law RCOMAA00088/2024/CA

THOMAS ET PIRON GRANDS LACS vs ECOBANK RWANDA PLC

The Court of Appeal held that Thomas Et Piron Grands Lacs Ltd had already lost on the same grounds in the lower courts, so its second appeal was inadmissible.

  • Joint venture liability
  • Bank guarantees
  • Appellate jurisdiction
  • Procedural bars
  • Appellate-jurisdiction
  • Second-appeal
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Criminal law RPAA/GEN 00003/2023/CA

UBUSHINJACYAHA v. BIZUMUREMYI N’ABANDI

The Court of Appeal dismissed appeals by three appellants and upheld genocide convictions, holding that corroborated testimony was reliable despite minor inconsistencies and absent Gacaca mention.

  • Genocide
  • Evidence law
  • Appeals
  • Accessory liability
  • Limitation of prosecution
  • Evidence-law
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Criminal law RPAA 00606/2024/CA

MUKESHIMANA v. UBUSHINJACYAHA

The Court of Appeal dismissed Mukeshimana Cadette’s appeal, holding that the 15-year prison term and 5,000,000 Frw fine were the statutory minimum and could not be reduced or suspended.

  • Drug offences
  • Sentencing
  • Mitigation
  • Suspended sentence
  • Criminal-law
  • Drug-offences
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Civil procedure RS/RECT/RCOM00002/2025/CA

ROGER MARTYN SHAW N’ABANDI vs KAZINA BALIMBA

The Court of Appeal held there was no genuine dispute in the execution of an earlier commercial judgment and dismissed the application, awarding 500,000 Frw in attorney fees.

  • Judgment execution
  • Dispute over execution
  • Attorney fees
  • Bank account attachment
  • Tax withholding
  • Judgment-execution
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Criminal law

IMIRONGO CoA -No 27- May - August 2025

Digest of Court of Appeal precedents from May to August 2025 covering sentencing, appeals, evidence, retrial, and procedure in criminal and civil cases.

  • Sentencing
  • Mitigating and aggravating circumstances
  • Appeals
  • Evidence assessment
  • Drug offences
  • Sexual offences
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Insurance law

IMANZA Z'UBWISHINGIZI ZACIWE N'URUKIKO RW'IKIRENGA (Insurance digest Supreme Court 2025)

Permanent disability from a traffic accident entitles the victim to economic loss and career prejudice compensation regardless of whether employment or income was lost, provided the disability is medically certified. Career prejudice compensation is not limited to those who lost jobs but extends to anyone whose professional prospects are diminished by the injury. Dependency claims by adults require proof of actual support and need. For self-employed or informal workers, damages are calculated on net income or sector benchmarks. Compulsory motor insurance does not cover workplace accidents, wh…

  • Personal injury compensation
  • Permanent disability
  • Economic loss
  • Career prejudice
  • Funeral expenses
  • Dependency claims
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International criminal law

VOLIME IDASANZWE II Y'IMANZA ZA JENOSIDE

The appellate court found that minor inconsistencies in witness testimony regarding times, clothing, or precise locations did not undermine the core finding that Ntaganzwa Ladislas orchestrated, led, and participated in attacks against Tutsi civilians at Cyahinda and surrounding areas, and facilitated sexual violence, as corroborated by multiple witnesses and his own official correspondence. The court held that the trial court was entitled to rely on the testimony of a single credible witness for material facts and that the accused's alibi was not supported by credible evidence. The court fur…

  • Genocide
  • Crimes against humanity
  • War crimes
  • Command responsibility
  • Complicity
  • Incitement to genocide
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International criminal law

SPECIAL LAW REPORT ON THE CASES OF GENOCIDE AGAINST THE TUTSI IN 1994

The Supreme Court held that the trial court did not err in reclassifying the offences to conspiracy to commit genocide, complicity in genocide, and conspiracy to extermination as a crime against humanity, as the underlying facts and acts remained unchanged and the accused had opportunity to defend against them. The evidence, including consistent witness testimony, supported the findings that the accused played a significant role in planning, supporting, and facilitating genocide, including chairing meetings, providing weapons, and issuing orders for killings. The sentence reduction to 30 year…

  • Genocide
  • Crimes against humanity
  • Conspiracy to commit genocide
  • Complicity in genocide
  • Extermination
  • Sentencing
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Rwanda decisions are organised by court, judge, legal area and indexed issue so a practitioner can move from a proposition to a citable authority with the surrounding context intact.