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Rwanda Case Law

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Criminal law

UBUSHINJACYAHA v. NAHIMANA

Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rwemeje ko Nahimana Jean de Dieu ahamwa n’icuruzwa ry’abantu, ariko rugabanya igihano kiva ku myaka 20 n’ihazabu ya 20.000.000 frw kigera ku myaka 15 n’ihazabu ya 15.000.000 frw.

  • Human trafficking
  • Crossing border without authorization
  • Evidentiary value of statements made during investigation
  • Appeal against sentence
  • Human-trafficking
  • Criminal-appeal
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Criminal law RPAA 00260/2020/CA

UBUSHINJACYAHA v. HABUMUREMYI

The Court of Appeal reduced Habumuremyi Decro Patrice’s sentence for attempted murder from 25 years to 20 years, finding partial merit in his appeal.

  • Attempted murder
  • Sentencing
  • Mitigating circumstances
  • Confession
  • Appeal procedure
  • Attempted-murder
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Criminal law RPAA 00229/2025/CA

UBUSHINJACYAHA v NIYOMUGABO

The Court of Appeal upheld a 15-year murder sentence, holding that the appellant’s confession was not timely and he had already received the statutory minimum.

  • Mitigation of sentence
  • Murder
  • Confession
  • Appeal procedure
  • Criminal-law
  • Sentencing
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Criminal law RPAA 01382/2024/CA

UBUSHINJACYAHA v MUREKEYISONI

The Court of Appeal upheld Murekeyisoni Joséphine’s drug-trafficking conviction, holding that her investigation-stage confession remained probative despite later retraction.

  • Drug offences
  • Evidence law
  • Confession
  • Appeal procedure
  • Criminal-law
  • Drug-offences
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Criminal law RPAA 00430/2023/CA

UBUSHINJACYAHA vs MBONIGABA

The Court of Appeal held that an uncorroborated confession and doubtful witness evidence were insufficient to prove defilement beyond reasonable doubt.

  • Evidence
  • Confession
  • Sexual offences
  • Child protection
  • Standard of proof
  • Appeal procedure
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Criminal law RPAA00889/2024/CA

UBUSHINJACYAHA v. NIRINGIYIMANA

The court held that Niringiyimana's confession to drug trafficking before investigative and prosecutorial authorities was voluntary, detailed, and corroborated by witness testimony. As he did not prove coercion, his later retraction in court was invalid. The quantity of drugs (46 packages) and his own admissions supported the trafficking conviction. The sentence of 15 years' imprisonment and a fine of 5,000,000 Frw was the minimum permitted by law, considering mitigating factors.

  • Drug offences
  • Confession
  • Sentencing
  • Appeals
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Criminal law RPAA01025/2024/CA

UBUSHINJACYAHA vs UWIZEYIMNA

The appeal lacked merit as the confession made by the accused during investigation, corroborated by the victim's testimony, was sufficient to uphold the conviction for defilement. The DNA evidence did not exonerate the accused since he was not charged with impregnating the victim but with defilement. However, considering mitigating circumstances and the need for sentencing consistency, the sentence was reduced from 20 years to 14 years' imprisonment.

  • Sexual offences
  • Defilement
  • Dna evidence
  • Confession
  • Sentencing
  • Appeal procedure
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Criminal law RPAA 00284/2023/CA

UBUSHINJACYAHA vs MUTABAZI

The Court found that Mutabazi Céléstin's confession was incomplete and contradicted by medical and witness evidence, and that the crimes were committed with extreme cruelty. Therefore, he does not qualify for sentence reduction based on mitigating circumstances. The life sentence imposed by the High Court remains appropriate and unchanged.

  • Murder
  • Attempted murder
  • Mitigating circumstances
  • Confession
  • Sentencing
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Criminal law RPAA 00296/2023/CA

UBUSHINJACYAHA v MUNYEMANA

The Court of Appeal upheld MUNYEMANA Dionise’s conviction for defilement, finding his investigation-stage confession and other evidence sufficient.

  • Defilement
  • Evidence in criminal trials
  • Confession
  • Age determination
  • Appeals
  • Criminal-evidence
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Criminal law

IMIRONGO CoA - No 21 - November -2024

Court of Appeal digest setting out binding principles on appeals, sentencing, evidence, criminal procedure, and recognition of foreign judgments.

  • Appeals
  • Sentencing
  • Evidence
  • Procedural deadlines
  • Damages
  • Auction annulment
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Rwanda decisions are organised by court, judge, legal area and indexed issue so a practitioner can move from a proposition to a citable authority with the surrounding context intact.